1. Advances in steady-state continuous-flow purification by small-scale free-flow electrophoresis.
- Author
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Agostino, Fletcher J. and Krylov, Sergey N.
- Subjects
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STEADY-state flow , *ELECTROPHORESIS , *CHEMICAL processes , *CHEMICAL reactions , *ELECTRIC fields - Abstract
This year marks the 150th anniversary of the first continuous-flow chemistry (CFC) technique, developed by Ernest Solvay, which revolutionized industrial level synthesis. CFC is defined by multi-stage processes in which mixing and reacting of chemicals occur without interruption. A significant challenge of CFC lies in post-reaction purification. Free-flow electrophoresis (FFE) could be integrated with CFC. FFE separates chemicals by an electric field that is directed orthogonally to a pressure driven hydrodynamic flow. Although there are problems with FFE, both macro-scale and small-scale FFE are feasible for CFC integration, and realizing long-term steady-state continuous-flow purification can have significant benefits. In this review, we discuss (i) the progress of CFC, (ii) existing continuous-flow purification techniques, (iii) small-scale FFE limitations associated with steady-state continuous-flow purification, and (iv) advances in FFE performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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