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The synthesized 3,6,11-triTPA-BPQ yellow dopant exhibits a high horizontal emitting dipole ratio of 92%, leading to a high-performance yellow organic light-emitting diode with an external quantum efficiency of 30.3%.

An in situ XPS measurement is proposed by employing a built-in charge neutralization system to simulate the practical operation of light-emitting diodes for unraveling the degraded electron durability of reduced-dimensional perovskite emitters.

MR-TADF emitters with narrow emission have been developed and are expected to become fourth-generation emitters for HD-OLEDs, with molecular design guidelines and commercial prospects outlined in this review.

DCBTRZ and PPCTRZ based devices achieved narrow deep blue emission with CIEys of 0.059/0.063 and FWHMs of 56/54 nm, respectively.

We report herein two lemniscular carbon nanohoops bis-po-CC and bis-pm-TC with contiguous conjugation from planar chiral [2.2]paracyclophane, and elucidate the influence of the regioselective synthesis on their topological chirality.

An asymmetric dearomative tandem annulation between 3-nitroindoles and 7-oxo-5-heptenals was developed by using modularly designed organocatalysts self-assembled from cinchona-squaramide and d-proline.

Three gyroidal metal–organic frameworks (GMOFs) with the nku topology were constructed, discovering the anion coordination effect drives the orientation reversal of helical channels and improves water resistance.

The introduction of different donors at the para-carbon position of the BNCz core modulates the predominance of locally excited (LE)/charger transfer (CT) states of the TADF materials to achieve full-color emission.

Automatic Kr separation apparatus and atom counting enable online monitoring of atmospheric krypton-85 with hourly time resolution.

Tumor heterogeneity is a large challenge to overcome in breast cancer therapy. In this study, we develop one multi-targeted drug delivery system, which could target to BT-474, MCF-7, EMT-6, and MDA-MB-231 cells, and inhibit their growth.

A slight change of the solvent plays an important role in the synthesis process, and a small change in the crystal structure can also lead to a large difference in performance.

A facile and reliable crystallization manipulation strategy has been proposed to enhance the radiative recombination and carrier transport capacity of the perovskite layer by modifying the underneath substrate with ammonium thiocyanate. The EQE of PeLEDs is boosted from 3.2% to 14.7%.

Memristive devices with in-memory computing functions have broad application prospects in the field of artificial intelligence. The development of memristive devices that integrate multi-functions of nonvolatile rewritable memory and biomimicking memristor activity requires the design and preparation of well-tailored memristive materials. In this contribution, MoS2 nanosheets (MoS2 NSs) were modified with polydopamine (PDA) through mussel-inspired chemistry, and then the metal phthalocyanine was covalently tethered onto their surface to form a two-dimensional MoS2-PDA–tBu4PcTiO nanomaterial with a sandwich structure. The fabricated electronic device with the Al/MoS2-PDA–tBu4PcTiO/ITO structure exhibits nonvolatile resistive memory characteristics in a large scanning voltage window and an ON/OFF current ratio of more than 103. Interestingly, the device exhibits history-dependent memristive characteristics in a small scanning voltage window. The potentiation and depression, as well as the “learning–forgetting–relearning” processes of a biological synapse, have been successfully emulated in this biomimicking memristor. This work is expected to provide new insights into the development of multifunctional memristive devices.

Design and fabrication of high-efficiency electrocatalysts are important to generate hydrogen via urea electrocatalysis with the minimum required energy. In this study, in situ growth of a branch-like Mo-doped Ni3S2 nanoforest on Ni foam was achieved through a facile one-pot hydrothermal process. The as-obtained catalyst exhibited excellent activity and robust durability because of its unique hierarchical nanostructures and doping-optimized electronic structural configuration, and required merely 1.33 V (vs. RHE) and 90 mV (overpotential) to attain a current density of 10 mA cm−2 for the urea oxidation reaction (UOR) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), without any noticeable loss in activity even after 120 h of operation. On the basis of the experimental results and theoretical calculations, it was confirmed that the incorporation of Mo in Ni3S2 altered the morphology and electronic structure of the catalyst; hence, more active sites were exposed and the Gibbs adsorption energy of the intermediates in the UOR was optimized. Notably, the overall urea electrolysis cell could afford a low voltage of 1.45 V (vs. RHE) to attain a current density of 10 mA cm−2 and showed excellent durability over 120 h. The findings from this study provide new insights into efficient electrocatalysts for urea electrolyzers, which hold great potential in electrochemical energy conversion and sewage treatment applications.

Natural wood has attracted enormous attention in the electrocatalysis field due to its hierarchical porous structure and excellent electrical conductivity after carbonization. Different wood species as a carbon substrate have a significant impact on the electrocatalytic performance. Herein, to fundamentally understand the electrochemical catalytic performance of carbonized natural wood, the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performances of various carbonized wood (pine, fir, poplar, and balsa) calcined at different temperature were studied. The OER performance of wood carbon was improved with the increase of carbonization temperature, and better OER performance was obtained at a carbonization temperature of 900 °C. The overpotentials of pine carbon, fir carbon, poplar carbon, and balsa carbon are 507 mV, 539 mV, 490 mV, and 651 mV, respectively, at a current density of 10 mA cm−2. The pore structure of wood carbon significantly affected the OER activity. Among the four types of wood carbon, poplar carbon exhibited better electrocatalytic activity due to its cross-distribution of pores and pore diameter. This work is conducive to the selection of suitable wood carbon substrates for the preparation of environmentally friendly electrocatalysts, and is of great significance for improving the efficiency of electrocatalytic water splitting to produce clean and sustainable hydrogen energy.

Metal halide perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) have been recognized as emerging candidates for next-generation solution-processed electronic display technology, and great progress has been made in recent years. However, their poor operational stability is yet to be solved. Here, we present a reformative all-inorganic red-emission PeLED based on the passivation effect caused by the incorporation of zinc ions into perovskites for enhancing the efficiency and operational stability. A high-quality quasi-two-dimensional perovskite CsPbI3−xBrx thin film with good crystallinity is obtained, benefiting from the combination of large organic ammonium ions (PEA+ ions) and inorganic salt zinc iodide (ZnI2). As a result, ZnI2-passivated CsPbI3−xBrx PeLEDs emitting at 666 nm show a maximum external quantum efficiency of 9.93% and a maximum brightness of 4258 cd m−2. More importantly, the PeLEDs achieve a long half-lifetime of about 2667 h at an initial luminance of 100 cd m−2. This work provides a facile method to obtain stable and efficient red-emission PeLEDs.

Organic-inorganic hybrid lead halide perovskites are potential candidates for next-generation light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in terms of tunable emission wavelengths, high electroluminescence efficiency, and excellent color purity. However, the device performance is still limited by severe non-radiative recombination losses and operational instability due to a high degree of defect states on the perovskite surface. Here, an effective surface engineering method is developed via the assistance of guanidinium iodide (GAI), which allows the formation of surface-2D heterophased perovskite nanograins and surface defect passivation due to the bonding with undercoordinated halide ions. Efficient and stable red-emission LEDs are realized with the improved optoelectronic properties of GAI-modified perovskite nanograins by suppressing the trap-mediated non-radiative recombination loss. The champion device with a high color purity at 692 nm achieves an external quantum efficiency of 17.1%, which is 2.3 times that of the control device. Furthermore, the operational stability is highly improved, showing a half-lifetime of 563 min at an initial luminance of 1000 cd m-2. The proposed GAI-assisted surface engineering is a promising approach for defect passivation and phase engineering in perovskite films to achieve high-performance perovskite LEDs.

Hydrocarbazolone and its derivatives are attractive organic molecules, which have been widely applied in the synthesis of natural products and pharmaceuticals. Herein, we describe a novel intermolecular dearomative [4 + 2] annulation of 3-nitroindoles and enals under oxidative N-heterocyclic carbene catalysis. With this organocatalytic strategy, a variety of dearomatised hydrocarbazolone products were obtained in high yields. This protocol was also suitable for the oxidative cyclisation of 2-nitrobenzothiophenes with enals, thereby affording a collection of 4-hydroxyldibenothiophenes.

The use of bone tissue engineering scaffolds has become a promising potential treatment for bone defects as they expedite bone healing. A carbon nanotube-hydroxyapatite (CNT-HA) composite can accelerate the growth of cells. However, the molecular organized arrangement of organic and inorganic components is one of the most important biochemical phenomena in the formation of bones. This study aimed to prepare ordered CNT-HA scaffolds by applying agarose gel electrophoresis to imitate a biomimetic parallel pattern of collagens and hydroxyapatite hydrogel scaffolds (AG-Col-o-CNT). Significant improvements were presented in the mechanical properties of the scaffolds and cell growth in vitro or in vivo. The results showed that the AG-Col-o-CNT scaffolds accelerated the proliferation and differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cell lines. In addition, the bone defects were repaired when the scaffolds were transplanted after 28 and 56 days in vivo. The superior performance of the ordered AG-Col-o-CNT scaffolds indicates that they have an enormous potential for bone tissue engineering.

Nickel–zinc (Ni–Zn) batteries are currently regarded as promising energy storage devices due to their high efficiency, high output voltage and good safety. However, the low energy density and poor rate performance caused by insufficient active sites and slow electron/ion transportation impede their future development in large-scale applications. To improve their electrochemical performance, we designed a new Ni-based composite with a unique structure by anchoring Ni–NiO nanoparticles onto a naturally derived and networked cellulose nanofiber carbon (denoted as Ni–NiO/CC), which can work as a robust cathode for Ni–Zn batteries. Benefiting from the elaborate structure that can speed up charge transportation and increase the number of active sites of cathode materials, the capacity of Ni–NiO/CC is remarkably improved from 2.3 mA h g−1 to 184 mA h g−1 at 0.625 A g−1. The as-fabricated Ni–NiO/CC//Zn battery delivers high capacity (256 mA h g−1 at 0.625 A g−1), superior rate performance (68.5% capacity retention at 25 A g−1), and good cycling durability (87.5% retention after 2000 cycles). More importantly, the maximum power density of the Ni–NiO/CC//Zn battery is 41.6 kW kg−1, presenting a peak energy density of 441.7 W h kg−1. This work promotes the facile manipulation of nanostructured electrodes based on sustainable biomass for green and advanced aqueous rechargeable batteries.

High-efficiency orange and red thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) organic light-emitting diodes were fabricated based on a pair of isomers 3,6,11-triAC-BPQ and 3,6,12-triAC-BPQ, containing a rigid dibenzo[f,h]pyrido[2,3-b]quinoxaline (BPQ) core and three 9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine (Ac) donors. Both materials exhibited red emission in neat films and small singlet–triplet energy gaps. Compared with the stable intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) state of 3,6,12-triAC-BPQ, 3,6,11-triAC-BPQ showed hybridized local and charge transfer (HLCT) character due to the H-bond between the 11-position Ac and 10-position N atom. As a result, the doped film of 3,6,11-triAC-BPQ showed a high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and the related device showed a high external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 22.0% in the orange–red region.

All-inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have become one of the most attractive research fields in recent years due to their excellent thermal stability and light stability as compared with their organic-inorganic hybrid counterparts. However, there is still a long way to go for their commercial application due to their low efficiency and poor stability under humidity conditions. Herein, an overview of the recent progress of all-inorganic PSCs based on interface engineering is provided. The main roles of interface engineering, adjusting energy-level alignment, enhancing charge transport capacity, passivating interface defects, modulating morphology of perovskite films, stabilizing perovskite phase, broadening spectral absorption, eliminating electrical hysteresis and enhancing operational stability, are summarized with examples, which paves the way for highly efficient and stable all-inorganic PSCs. Some of the latest progress in incorporating dopants to charge transport materials and modifying interface properties in all-inorganic PSCs are also covered.

A sandwich-type supercapacitor consisting of self-healing layers and electrode layers can easily delaminate during deformation, thereby seriously affecting its reliability. In this work, a type of omni-healable electrode (denoted as CS@PANa–Fe3+–LiCl) is reported, which completely integrates a three-dimensional (3D) electrode material, a self-healing hydrogel and an electrolyte. Consequently, the ease of delamination and the large contact resistance due to the sandwich-type structure can be effectively overcome. Herein, the 3D porous carbon sponge (CS) serves both as an electroactive material and a carrier for the Fe3+-crosslinked sodium polyacrylate–LiCl (denoted as PANa–Fe3+–LiCl) hydrogel electrolyte. Combining the high electrical conductivity and good capacitance of the CS with the high ionic conductivity and excellent self-healability of the PANa–Fe3+–LiCl hydrogel electrolyte, the omnidirectionally integrated electrode exhibits good electrochemical and mechanical properties as well as excellent self-healing characteristics; furthermore, its capacity retention rate remains high (91.6%) even after five cutting/healing cycles. The as-fabricated CS@PA-SC device exhibits full self-healability, high energy density, good cycling stability, and integration characteristics. This investigation offers a facile and versatile strategy to integrate omni-healable electrodes that can be utilized to construct completely self-healable supercapacitors for wearable electronics.

Exploiting effective orange-red thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) emitters is still challenging. In this work, we proposed a method by using a crooked donor (D) moiety instead of its conventional planar form to balance the opposite influences of frontier molecular orbital overlap on the reverse intersystem crossing and the singlet radiative decay rate. A novel orange-red TADF emitter, named 2-(4-(9,9-dimethyl-4-phenylacridin-10(9H)-yl)phenyl)anthracene-9,10-dione (AQ-PhDMAC), was accordingly designed and synthesized. Owing to the steric effect of the α-phenyl ring in 9,9-dimethyl-4-phenyl-9,10-dihydroacridine (α-PhDMAC), a relatively small singlet–triplet energy splitting of 0.22 eV and a high fluorescence quantum yield of 0.89 can be realized simultaneously. The orange-red organic light-emitting diode based on AQ-PhDMAC exhibited a maximum external quantum efficiency of 18.1%, much improved compared with the 13.7% efficiency of the α-phenyl ring-free control emitter (AQ-DMAC). These results propose a new viewpoint that enforcing crooked D segments by large steric hindrance actually has a great potential for applications in orange-red TADF molecular design, to improve their electroluminescence efficiency.

Two fluorescent probes (L1 and L2) based on an imidazole unit were synthesized for the specific detection of ClO− and HSO3−. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were used to assist in designing the probes. As predicted, L1 could be used to detect ClO− in real water samples and in living cells. It was shown to be a quenching probe. L2 could be used to monitor HSO3− in living cells and is an enhanced fluorescence probe. Further details of the fluorescence recognition mechanism were obtained via HRMS analysis. Moreover, both fluorescent probes showed relatively low detection limits (0.96 and 0.59 μM, respectively), and fast and highly selective fluorescence responses.