Search

The article examines recent advancements in food lipid research, emphasizing the role of innovative formulations in improving nutritional quality, consumer health, and sustainability. It also discusses the rise of omega-3-enriched foods, plant-based lipid alternatives, and advanced encapsulation techniques.

The article discusses the use of metabolomics in the diagnosis of glaucoma. Topics mentioned include the definition of metabolomics, a description of metabolomics workflow, the list of high-frequency metabolics related to open angle glaucoma and the use of mass spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to study metabolomics.

Lipophilic Malassezia yeasts (formerly Pityrosporum) are an important part of the human resident flora of the skin and the gut. Be - sides commensal and mutualistic interactions with the host they are also linked to esp. skin diseases although the specific causes are not yet comprehensively understood. These include Pityriasis versicolor, seborrheic eczema, Malassezia folliculitis and even systemic infections. Furthermore Malassezia yeasts can trigger atopic eczema and may even play a role in carcinogenesis. The aim of this article is to review and discuss recent data on ecology, physiology, pathogenicity as well as detection of these yeasts in humans and animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lipophilic Malassezia yeasts (formerly Pityrosporum) are an important part of the human resident flora of the skin and the gut. Besides commensal and mutualistic interactions with the host they are also linked to esp. skin diseases although the specific causes are not yet comprehensively understood. These include Pityriasis versicolor, seborrheic eczema, Malassezia folliculitis and even systemic infections. Furthermore Malassezia yeasts can trigger atopic eczema and may even play a role in carcinogenesis. The aim of this article is to review and discuss recent data on ecology, physiology, pathogenicity as well as detection of these yeasts in humans and animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effective management of diabetes mellitus requires lifelong adherence to a plan that incorporates lifestyle changes, exercise and diet. Following a dietary plan is a fundamental component of diabetes management because this can regulate the body's supply of glucose and lipids, resulting in weight reduction, an improved response to pharmacotherapies, and optimal control of the patient's glycaemic status and lipid profile. This article examines the components of nutrition therapy recommended for people with diabetes. Initially, the patient's daily calorie requirements should be determined, and therapeutic objectives should be decided that take into account the individual's clinical profile and personal preferences. Subsequently, a dietary plan should be negotiated with the patient that considers the carbohydrate, protein, fat and fibre content of each food item. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization (MALDI) imaging mass spectrometry allows direct, in situ, label-free measurement of proteins, peptides, lipids, small-molecule drugs and their metabolites, and other chemicals in tissues. Applications range from fundamental biological research, through environmental and toxicological science, to pharmaceutical R&D. In each case, the unique information generated by MALDI imaging has made a significant contribution to understanding important factors such as molecular and metabolic mechanisms and the transport and localization of compounds or metabolites with human, animal, or plant species. MALDI imaging can also elucidate the impact of pesticides like chlordecone on human health over the long term, and provide supporting evidence for environmental legislation as well as political and economic decisions about environmental remediation and policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El artículo informa que el foco de los consumidores ha cambiado en consumir grasas más saludables y aceites debido a su valor nutritivo y sabor. Diversos temas discutidos incluyen el uso de grasas como los lípidos en la dieta, su clasificación como grasa sólida e investiga sobre su valor nutricional.

The article focuses on a study that demonstrates the effects of skin lipid contamination on the ocular surface, showing that applying facial lipid samples to the eye causes tear film disruption, pain, and corneal staining, indicating that oily skin can increase the risk of dry eye.

The article examines how the evolution of biomarkers technology will influence ophthalmic therapies in the future. According to the authors, in case of ophthalmology, rise in intraocular pressure presents a good exapmple of a biomarker with unequivocal link to the disease. Tear film lipids are a significant source of ocular surface biomarkers.

Ion mobility mass spectrometry (IMMS) is a two-dimensional technique that allows separation of ionized molecules based on molecular size, shape, and mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). It has rapidly become a valuable application for analyzing isomeric compounds in a complex matrix (for example, proteomic and lipidomic samples) or complex mixtures of structurally related and isobaric analytes (such as oil samples or polymer blends). IMMS was investigated as a possible technique to compare purported generic products with Copaxone (glatiramer acetate), a drug for treating relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis that contains a very complex mixture of synthetic peptides. The analysis was performed on 15 randomly chosen batches of Copaxone and five batches of purported generics that are marketed drugs in their country of origin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the understanding for the technological advancements in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of dry eye disease. Topics discussed include the revelation in the Beaver Dam Offspring Study (BOSS), the antimicrobial functions of the lysozyme and lactoferrin, and the secretion of lipids by the meibomian glands.

The article discusses the mass spectrometry's (MS) ionization techniques based on desorption and ionization (DI) processes. The three key application of DI are also discussed first to utilized in real-time rapid in situ screening of cells' metabolites and lipids, biological fluids, and tissues, second to used for direct analysis of extracted samples or planar chromatography spots, and the lastly to scan through tissues and cells.

The article presents questions and answers related to several treatment options for lipid keratopathy, some of which achieve better results than others.

The article examines the impact of lipids on membrane proteins. It is said that several new studies are now finding that lipids do play significant roles in regulating the structure, function and dynamics of membrane proteins. Carol V. Robinson, a chemistry professor at the University of Oxford, says that the protein complex would often precipitate if the lipids weren't there.

The article focuses on the age-related macular degeneration which is a disease characterized by the degeneration of photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelial cells with or without choroidal neovascularization. It informs that the clinical symptoms of AMD include appearance of extracellular deposits of drusen between Bruch's membrane and the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), visible clumps of pigment in the macula, and sub retinal deposits of oxidized proteins and lipids.

Thsi article describes an analytical method for the global profiling of molecular lipids in biological samples, with particular emphasis on the plasmalogen lipids. The global profiling method is based on ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography combined with quadru-ple time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS). The profiling approach is comple-mented by UHPLC-orbital trap MS in MS" mode for de novo lipid identification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article describes an analytical method for the profiling of molecular lipids in biological samples, with particular emphasis on the plasmalogen lipids. The profiling method is based on Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS). The profiling approach is complemented by an Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-orbital trap mass spectrometry (MS) in MS n mode for de novo lipid identification.

The relationship between serum cholesterol and cardiovascular disease is well established. Primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular events involves the use of statins to reduce cholesterol levels, as recommended by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. This article provides an overview of fats and lipids within the body, and explores how statins work to reduce cholesterol. The risks and benefits of statin therapy are discussed, including food and drug interactions, and optimum dose time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the availability of over the counter artificial (OTC) tear drops for dry eye patients. It informs that patients with severe dry eye are recommended to use preservatives free eye drops which include the Refresh from Allergan Inc., the Soothe from Bausch + Lomb and the Systane from Alcon. As per John Sheppard, a professor of ophthalmology at Eastern Virginia Medical School, lipid can be used to mimic the biphasic nature and an aqueous component to the tear.

The article discusses various treatments for meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), a disease of the eyes. Therapeutic approaches for MGD intend to minimise evaporative tear loss, stabilise the tear film, protect the ocular surface, increase lubrication, and reduce inflammation. It is stated that eyelid hygiene has been shown to be effective in MGD cases; and cleaning the lid margins provides a thicker and more stable lipid layer and reduces tear film evaporation.

The article presents information on the importance of lipid layer in giving relief from dry eye. It mentions that two type's phosopho lipids are present in the tear including phosphatidycholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. Igor Butovich and Thomas James Miller, a Ph. D. scholars, reported that amount of lipid in the tears depend upon the species. INSET: Classification of Probable Dry Eye.

The article offers information on the new approaches in lipids analysis using mass spectrometry (MS) technique. It states that lipidomics is a discipline studying the changes in lipids with perturbations of phenotypes which constitute metabolites subsets including amino acids, nucleotides, and carbohydrates. It mentions that lipidomics determines the genes function after genetic manipulation and environmental stresses.

The article presents a study which examines the conformational order, packing, and phase transition behavior of supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) of zwitterionic lipids on silica nanoparticles using the Raman spectroscopy. The study indicates that the lipids' lateral packing, as well as the relative number of trans conformers increased as the size of the nanoparticle decreased. It infers that Raman spectroscopy is a powerful technique in studying the interface region of inorganic nanoparticles.

The article focuses on the efficiency of using Raman spectroscopic markers in the study of lipid-protein complexes in model systems. It intends to identify the function of the Raman spectroscopic marker when conducting an investigation on the membrane-embedded proteins in fully hydrated liposomes. It further provides information on the feasibility of using spectroscopic markers intended for lipid and trytophan (Trp) residue markers.

The article discusses the use of refractive surgery for the treatment of ocular disorder also known as ametropia. Topics discussed include complaints of dry eye after surgery; medications and frequency of using artificial tears; patient identification through tear hyperosmolarity, levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and level of lipids secreting meibomian glands; and postoperative evaluation and preoperative treatment of dry eye.

The article discusses the structure and function of tears and what regulates their production. Tears wet the ocular surface and extend into the fornices under the eyelids while the thin layer of tears cover the exposed area of the eye. One role of tears is the provision of electrolytes and trophic factors to the avascular corneal epithelium. The main components of the tear film are mucins, water and lipids.

The article reports on the management and treatment of dry eye diseases (DED). According to the author, posterior blespharitis also known as meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is a significant cause of tear lipid deficiency and evaporative DED. Furthermore, evaluation includes inspection of the lid margins and look for irregularities, telangiectatic blood vessels and madarosis to manage MGD and lipid-deficient DED. Moreover, treatment options include, warm compresses and digitally massage.

The article discusses the ocular complications of first-generation silicone hydrogel contact lenses. It mentions that it had a tendency to collect deposits, especially lipids, and had substantial wettability problems. Some patients could tolerate them, but for most, the lenses proved far too dry. Three case studies which indicated these complications are presented.

The article reports on the efforts of researchers to understand the complex and variable process of glycosylation, the attachment of sugars to proteins or lipids in cells. Glycosylation and drug discovery researchers are working hard to better understand the effects of changes in biomolecular glycosylation and to devise better ways to diagnose and treat conditions that arise when glycosylation goes awry.

The article deals with the question of ideal treatment for hyperlipidaemia. Improvements in lipid profile, lowering concentrations of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides, increasing levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol and altering the composition of lipid particles, reduce the risk of cardiovascular events, both in those with proven cardiovascular disease and in those asymptomatic individuals at high risk. The Joint British Societies recommend pharmacological treatment in all those up to the age of 75 years with a history of cardiovascular disease and a total cholesterol of 5 mmol/1 or more and in those without prior CVD when their 10 year risk of a cardiovascular event is 15 percent or more.

A multi-disciplinary panel of experts met to review current Great Britain guidelines and management of dyslipidaemia in the light of two recently published statin trials. Since the introduction of the National Service Framework (NSF) for coronary heart disease (CHD), statin prescribing in Great Britain has risen, yet the country is resolutely failing to meet the NSF targets and continues to lag behind other European countries. Recent surveys report worryingly poor control of lipids even in patients clearly identified as at high risk because of a diagnosis of CHD. The results of Heart Protection Study (HPS) support statin treatment in a wide group of patients, including those with stroke, peripheral vascular disease, diabetes, older people, women and those with baseline total cholesterol (TC) levels as low as 3.5 mmol/l. Lipid management in Great Britain is inadequate and fails to match other wealthy European countries. The situation is compounded by an urgent need to widen the eligibility criteria for statin use in secondary prevention to encompass all patients with atherosclerotic vascular disease and not just CHD. The review presents information related to the utility of statin for treating cholesterol levels and diabetes, preventing stroke in the elderly, dosage to be used, its comparison with fibrates, cost effectiveness and the importance of primary prevention. INSET: Box 2. Summary of key trials.

The article discusses use of lipid-containing eye drops for monitoring the changes in lipid layer of the tear film while treating dry eye. It lists various drops that are available in the market including Soothe XP from Bausch + Lomb, Systane Balance from Alcon and Refresh Optive Advanced from Allergan PLC.

The article discusses two lipid extraction methods which include the Folch Method and the Bligh-Dyer Method. Topics discussed include introduction of chloroform-methanol in a ratio of 2:1, as a solvent system for the extraction of total lipids, analysis of lipids using mass spectrometry and data processing and identification of lipids using various resources.

In the article, the author discusses issues in optometry, particularly the importance of lens care compliance for patients. She cites the surveys which showed that full eye care compliance is practiced by few patients. She explains the benefits of simply rubbing and rinsing one's contact lens. Also cited is the study which analyzed the effects of saline and multi-purpose solution (MPS) on the sorption of radiolabeled dipalmitoylphosphadidylcholine (DPPC) and cholesterol (CH) on lens material.

The article offers information on study identified a new screening tool for detecting obstructive meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and lipid layer thickness (LLT).

The article presents information on Opti-Free EverMoist Multi-Purpose Disinfecting Solution, a new multipurpose disinfecting solution. The solution incorporates a wetting agent, HydraGlyde Moisture Matrix (EOBO-41). It retains moisture on lenses, provides comfort and prevents lipid and protein deposits.

The article reports on the use of lipid model systems by researchers to gain a physical and chemical understanding of the plasma membrane. They provide answers to questions on the behavior of the lipid portion of the membrane. The researchers can understand how lipids work and then extrapolate and use that model on how they might work in a biological system.

The article discusses the study which compares visible lens deposits on silicone hydrogel lenses with the use of different multi-purpose solutions. It is argued that although most silicone hydrogel lenses are believed to deposit very low level of protein than the traditional Hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) lenses, they may be more prone to lipid deposits. Results show that plasma treatments enable lenses to better resist deposits.

The article focuses on a research led by Livia S. Eberlin of the University of Texas in Austin and coworkers who have come up with a biocompatible device that uses discrete water droplets to nondestructively obtain molecular profiles of cancer tissue. It mentions the handheld device delivers a water droplet to the tissue surface, where it gently extracts metabolites, lipids, and proteins.

Discovering and identifying molecular biomarkers in large liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) data sets requires automation without loss of accuracy. Benjamin Van Mooy from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution reveals a lipidomics strategy using LOBSTAHS to identify lipid, oxidized lipid, and oxylipin biomarkers in high mass accuracy high performance (HP) LC-MS data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the novel lipid nanoemulsion-based artificial tear formula for dry-eye patients in November 2018. Topics covered include the formulation's minimizing of blur and maximizing of lipid delivery over the ocular surface, and freedom from benzalkonium chloride (BAK). Also noted are patients' feedback on experiences of lesser blurring and seeming longer duration of symptom relief.

The article focuses on the use of streamlined method for pesticide residues in the high-lipid food samples. It mentions that LipiFiltr push-through purification cartridge is designed to remove lipids from acetonitrile extracts. It focuses on the benefits using the LipiFiltr cartridges in applications including multiclass, multiresidue analysis for pesticides.

The article discusses a study led by Joan W. Miller, a medical doctor of the Harvard Medical School on the use of statins for the management of dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The researchers report in "EBioMedicine" the relationship between lipids, AMD and atherosclerosis. They conclude the prescription of a drug that is accessible and approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration may not only stop its advancement but help restore eye function.

The article the issues related to cytology with primary focus on cell membrane. It adds that gathering information on the lipid and protein composition of membrane has been a complex issue for biologists and chemist. It also adds that biologists have posited the lipid raft hypothesis as a way to describe the localized structures of biological cells.

The article offers information concerning some recent studies in relation to the field of visual performance and dry eye. It notes that studies has found that dry eye is associated with the quality or quantity of the tear film and is further subdivided into mucin deficiency, lipid deficiency, neural loop problem and aqueous deficiency. An overview of the novel blink, visual function research is also offered.