Author: "Fabris, L." / Publication Type: Reports - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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57 results on '"Fabris, L."'

1. First detection of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering on germanium

Author: Adamski, S., Ahn, M., Barbeau, P. S., Belov, V., Bernardi, I., Bock, C., Bolozdynya, A., Bouabid, R., Browning, J., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Cedarblade-Jones, N., Rivera, J. Colón, Conley, E., da Silva, V., Daughhetee, J., Detwiler, J., Ding, K., Durand, M. R., Efremenko, Y., Elliott, S. R., Erlandson, A., Fabris, L., Galindo-Uribarri, A., Green, M. P., Hakenmüller, J., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Jeong, H., Johnson, B. A., Johnson, T., Jones, H., Khromov, A., Konovalov, A., Kozlova, E., Kumpan, A., Kyzylova, O., Lee, Y., Li, G., Li, L., Link, J. M., Liu, J., Luxnat, M., Major, A., Mann, K., Markoff, D. M., Mattingly, J., Moye, J., Mueller, P. E., Newby, J., Ogoi, N., O'Reilly, J., Parno, D. S., Pérez-Loureiro, D., Pershey, D., Prior, C. G., Queen, J., Rapp, R., Ray, H., Razuvaeva, O., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Rudik, D., Runge, J., Salvat, D. J., Sander, J., Scholberg, K., Shakirov, A., Simakov, G., Snow, W. M., Sosnovtsev, V., Stringer, M., Subedi, T., Suh, B., Sur, B., Tayloe, R., Tellez-Giron-Flores, K., Tsai, Y. -T., van Nieuwenhuizen, E. E., Virtue, C. J., Visser, G., Walkup, K., Ward, E. M., Wongjirad, T., Yang, Y., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., and Zaalishvili, A.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: We report the first detection of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) on germanium, measured at the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The Ge-Mini detector of the COHERENT collaboration employs large-mass, low-noise, high-purity germanium spectrometers, enabling excellent energy resolution, and an analysis threshold of 1.5 keV electron-equivalent ionization energy. We observe a on-beam excess of 20.6$_{+7.1}^{-6.3}$ counts with a total exposure of 10.22 GWhkg and we reject the no-CEvNS hypothesis with 3.9 sigma significance. The result agrees with the predicted standard model of particle physics signal rate within 2 sigma., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2024

2. Supernova Electron-Neutrino Interactions with Xenon in the nEXO Detector

Author: nEXO Collaboration, Hedges, S., Kharusi, S. Al, Angelico, E., Brodsky, J. P., Richardson, G., Wilde, S., Amy, A., Anker, A., Arnquist, I. J., Arsenault, P., Atencio, A., Badhrees, I., Bane, J., Belov, V., Bernard, E. P., Bhatta, T., Bolotnikov, A., Breslin, J., Breur, P. A., Brown, E., Brunner, T., Caden, E., Cao, G. F., Cao, L. Q., Cesmecioglu, D., Chambers, E., Chana, B., Charlebois, S. A., Chernyak, D., Chiu, M., Collister, R., Cvitan, M., Dalmasson, J., Daniels, T., Darroch, L., DeVoe, R., di Vacri, M. L., Ding, Y. Y., Dolinski, M. J., Eckert, B., Elbeltagi, M., Elmansali, R., Fabris, L., Fairbank, W., Farine, J., Fatemighomi, N., Foust, B., Fu, Y. S., Gallacher, D., Gallice, N., Gillis, W., Goeldi, D., Gorham, A., Gornea, R., Gratta, G., Guan, Y. D., Hardy, C. A., Heffner, M., Hein, E., Holt, J. D., Hoppe, E. W., House, A., Hunt, W., Iverson, A., Kachru, P., Karelin, A., Keblbeck, D., Kuchenkov, A., Kumar, K. S., Larson, A., Latif, M. B., Leach, K. G., Lenardo, B. G., Leonard, D. S., Lewis, H., Li, G., Li, Z., Licciardi, C., Lindsay, R., MacLellan, R., Majidi, S., Malbrunot, C., Martel-Dion, P., Masbou, J., McMichael, K., Medina-Peregrina, M., Mong, B., Moore, D. C., Nattress, J., Natzke, C. R., Ngwadla, X. E., Ni, K., Nolan, A., Nowicki, S. C., Ondze, J. C. Nzobadila, Orrell, J. L., Ortega, G. S., Overman, C. T., Pagani, L., Smalley, H. Peltz, Perna, A., Piepke, A., Franco, T. Pinto, Pocar, A., Pratte, J. -F., Rasiwala, H., Ray, D., Raymond, K., Rescia, S., Riot, V., Ross, R., Saldanha, R., Sangiorgio, S., Schwartz, S., Sekula, S., Soderstrom, J., Soma, A. K., Spadoni, F., Sun, X. L., Thibado, S., Tidball, A., Totev, T., Triambak, S., Tsang, R. H. M., Tyuka, O. A., van Bruggen, E., Vidal, M., Viel, S., Walent, M., Wang, Q. D., Wang, W., Wang, Y. G., Watts, M., Wehrfritz, M., Wei, W., Wen, L. J., Wichoski, U., Wu, X. M., Xu, H., Yang, H. B., Yang, L., Yu, M., Yvaine, M., Zeldovich, O., and Zhao, J.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract: Electron-neutrino charged-current interactions with xenon nuclei were modeled in the nEXO neutrinoless double-beta decay detector (~5-tonne, 90% ${}^{136}$Xe, 10% ${}^{134}$Xe) to evaluate its sensitivity to supernova neutrinos. Predictions for event rates and detectable signatures were modeled using the MARLEY event generator. We find good agreement between MARLEY's predictions and existing theoretical calculations of the inclusive cross sections at supernova neutrino energies. The interactions modeled by MARLEY were simulated within the nEXO simulation framework and were run through an example reconstruction algorithm to determine the detector's efficiency for reconstructing these events. The simulated data, incorporating the detector response, were used to study the ability of nEXO to reconstruct the incident electron-neutrino spectrum and these results were extended to a larger xenon detector of the same isotope enrichment. We estimate that nEXO will be able to observe electron-neutrino interactions with xenon from supernovae as far as 5 to 8 kpc from earth, while the ability to reconstruct incident electron-neutrino spectrum parameters from observed interactions in nEXO is limited to closer supernovae., Comment: 17 pages, 16 figures
Published: 2024

3. Accessing new physics with an undoped, cryogenic CsI CEvNS detector for COHERENT at the SNS

Author: Barbeau, P. S., Belov, V., Bernardi, I., Bock, C., Bolozdynya, A., Bouabid, R., Browning, J., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Conley, E., da Silva, V., Daughhetee, J., Detwiler, J., Ding, K., Durand, M. R., Efremenko, Y., Elliott, S. R., Erlandson, A., Fabris, L., Febbraro, M., Galindo-Uribarri, A., Green, M. P., Hakenmüller, J., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Johnson, B. A., Johnson, T., Khromov, A., Konovalov, A., Kozlova, E., Kumpan, A., Kyzylova, O., Link, J. M., Liu, J., Major, A., Mann, K., Markoff, D. M., Mattingly, J., Mueller, P. E., Newby, J., Ogoi, N., O'Reilly, J., Parno, D. S., Pérez-Loureiro, D., Penttila, S. I., Pershey, D., Prior, C. G., Queen, J., Rapp, R., Ray, H., Razuvaeva, O., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Rudik, D., Runge, J., Salvat, D. J., Sander, J., Scholberg, K., Shakirov, A., Simakov, G., Snow, W. M., Sosnovtsev, V., Stringer, M., Subedi, T., Suh, B., Sur, B., Tayloe, R., Tellez-Giron-Flores, K., Tsai, Y. -T., Vanderwerp, J., van Nieuwenhuizen, E. E., Varner, R. L., Virtue, C. J., Visser, G., Walkup, K., Ward, E. M., Wongjirad, T., Yang, Y., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., and Zaalishvili, A.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: We consider the potential for a 10-kg undoped cryogenic CsI detector operating at the Spallation Neutron Source to measure coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering and its sensitivity to discover new physics beyond the standard model. Through a combination of increased event rate, lower threshold, and good timing resolution, such a detector would significantly improve on past measurements. We considered tests of several beyond-the-standard-model scenarios such as neutrino non-standard interactions and accelerator-produced dark matter. This detector's performance was also studied for relevant questions in nuclear physics and neutrino astronomy, namely the weak charge distribution of CsI nuclei and detection of neutrinos from a core-collapse supernova.
Published: 2023

4. GAPS contributions to the 38th International Cosmic Ray Conference (Nagoya 2023)

Author: Aramaki, T., Boezio, M., Boggs, S. E., Bonvicini, V., Bridges, G., Campana, D., Craig, W. W., von Doetinchem, P., Everson, E., Fabris, L., Feldman, S., Fuke, H., Gahbauer, F., Gerrity, C., Ghislotti, L., Hailey, C. J., Hayashi, T., Kawachi, A., Kozai, M., Lazzaroni, P., Law, M., Lenni, A., Lowell, A., Manghisoni, M., Marcelli, N., Mizukoshi, K., Mocchiutti, E., Mochizuki, B., Mognet, S. A. I., Munakata, K., Munini, R., Okazaki, S., Olson, J., Ong, R. A., Osteria, G., Perez, K., Perfetto, F., Quinn, S., Re, V., Riceputi, E., Roach, B., Rogers, F., Ryan, J. L., Saffold, N., Scotti, V., Shimizu, Y., Shutt, K., Sparvoli, R., Stoessl, A., Tiberio, A., Vannuccini, E., Xiao, M., Yamatani, M., Yee, K., Yoshida, T., Zampa, G., Zeng, J., and Zweerink, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract: Compilation of papers presented by the GAPS Collaboration at the 38th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC), held July 26 through August 3, 2023 in Nagoya, Japan.
Published: 2023

5. COHERENT Collaboration data release from the measurements of CsI[Na] response to nuclear recoils

Author: Akimov, D., An, P., Awe, C., Barbeau, P. S., Becker, B., Belov, V., Bernardi, I., Blackston, M. A., Bock, C., Bolozdynya, A., Browning, J., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Chernyak, D., Conley, E., Daughhetee, J., Detwiler, J., Ding, K., Durand, M. R., Efremenko, Y., Elliott, S. R., Fabris, L., Febbraro, M., Rosso, A. Gallo, Galindo-Uribarri, A., Green, M. P., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Hoang, D., Hughes, M., Johnson, T., Khromov, A., Konovalov, A., Kozlova, E., Kumpan, A., Li, L., Link, J. M., Liu, J., Mann, K., Markoff, D. M., Mastroberti, J., Mueller, P. E., Newby, J., Parno, D. S., Penttila, S. I., Pershey, D., Rapp, R., Ray, H., Raybern, J., Razuvaeva, O., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Ross, J., Rudik, D., Runge, J., Salvat, D. J., Salyapongse, A. M., Sander, J., Scholberg, K., Shakirov, A., Simakov, G., Sinev, G., Snow, W. M., Sosnovtsev, V., Suh, B., Tayloe, R., Tellez-Giron-Flores, K., Tolstukhin, I., Ujah, E., Vanderwerp, J., Varner, R. L., Virtue, C. J., Visser, G., Wongjirad, T., Yang, Y., Yen, Y. -R., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., and Zettlemoyer, J.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: Description of the data release 10.13139/OLCF/1969085 (https://doi.ccs.ornl.gov/ui/doi/426) from the measurements of the CsI[Na] response to low energy nuclear recoils by the COHERENT collaboration. The release corresponds to the results published in "D. Akimov et al 2022 JINST 17 P10034". We share the data in the form of raw ADC waveforms, provide benchmark values, and share plots to enhance the transparency and reproducibility of our results. This document describes the contents of the data release as well as guidance on the use of the data.
Published: 2023

6. Measurement of the Electron-Neutrino Charged-Current Cross Sections on ${}^{127}$I with the COHERENT NaI$\nu$E detector

Author: An, P., Awe, C., Barbeau, P. S., Becker, B., Belov, V., Bernardi, I., Bock, C., Bolozdynya, A., Bouabid, R., Brown, A., Browning, J., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Cervantes, M., Conley, E., Daughhetee, J., Detwiler, J., Ding, K., Durand, M. R., Efremenko, Y., Elliott, S. R., Fabris, L., Febbraro, M., Rosso, A. Gallo, Galindo-Uribarri, A., Germer, A. C., Green, M. P., Hakenmüller, J., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Hughes, M., Johnson, B. A., Johnson, T., Khromov, A., Konovalov, A., Kozlova, E., Kumpan, A., Kyzylova, O., Li, L., Link, J. M., Liu, J., Mahoney, M., Major, A., Mann, K., Markoff, D. M., Mastroberti, J., Mattingly, J., Mueller, P. E., Newby, J., Parno, D. S., Penttila, S. I., Pershey, D., Prior, C. G., Rapp, R., Ray, H., Raybern, J., Razuvaeva, O., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Ross, J., Rudik, D., Runge, J., Salvat, D. J., Sander, J., Scholberg, K., Shakirov, A., Simakov, G., Sinev, G., Skuse, C., Snow, W. M., Sosnovtsev, V., Subedi, T., Suh, B., Tayloe, R., Tellez-Giron-Flores, K., Tsai, Y. -T., Ujah, E., Vanderwerp, J., van Nieuwenhuizen, E. E., Varner, R. L., Virtue, C. J., Visser, G., Walkup, K., Ward, E. M., Wongjirad, T., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., Zawada, A., Zettlemoyer, J., and Zderic, A.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Using an 185-kg NaI[Tl] array, COHERENT has measured the inclusive electron-neutrino charged-current cross section on ${}^{127}$I with pion decay-at-rest neutrinos produced by the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Iodine is one the heaviest targets for which low-energy ($\leq$ 50 MeV) inelastic neutrino-nucleus processes have been measured, and this is the first measurement of its inclusive cross section. After a five-year detector exposure, COHERENT reports a flux-averaged cross section for electron neutrinos of $9.2^{+2.1}_{-1.8} \times 10^{-40}$ cm$^2$. This corresponds to a value that is $\sim$41% lower than predicted using the MARLEY event generator with a measured Gamow-Teller strength distribution. In addition, the observed visible spectrum from charged-current scattering on $^{127}$I has been measured between 10 and 55 MeV, and the exclusive zero-neutron and one-or-more-neutron emission cross sections are measured to be $5.2^{+3.4}_{-3.1} \times 10^{-40}$ and $2.2^{+3.5}_{-2.2} \times 10^{-40}$ cm$^2$, respectively., Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures
Published: 2023
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7. An integrated online radioassay data storage and analytics tool for nEXO

Author: Tsang, R. H. M., Piepke, A., Kharusi, S. Al, Angelico, E., Arnquist, I. J., Atencio, A., Badhrees, I., Bane, J., Belov, V., Bernard, E. P., Bhat, A., Bhatta, T., Bolotnikov, A., Breur, P. A., Brodsky, J. P., Brown, E., Brunner, T., Caden, E., Cao, G. F., Cao, L. Q., Cesmecioglu, D., Chambers, C., Chambers, E., Chana, B., Charlebois, S. A., Chernyak, D., Chiu, M., Cleveland, B., Cohen, J. R., Collister, R., Cvitan, M., Dalmasson, J., Darroch, L., Deslandes, K., DeVoe, R., di Vacri, M. L., Ding, Y. Y., Dolinski, M. J., Echevers, J., Eckert, B., Elbeltagi, M., Elmansali, R., Fabris, L., Fairbank, W., Farine, J., Fu, Y. S., Gallacher, D., Gallina, G., Gautam, P., Giacomini, G., Gillis, W., Gingras, C., Goeldi, D., Gornea, R., Gratta, G., Guan, Y. D., Hardy, C. A., Hedges, S., Heffner, M., Hein, E., Holt, J., Hoppe, E. W., House, A., Hunt, W., Iverson, A., Jamil, A., Jiang, X. S., Karelin, A., Kaufman, L. J., Kotov, I., Krücken, R., Kuchenkov, A., Kumar, K. S., Larson, A., Leach, K. G., Lenardo, B. G., Leonard, D. S., Li, G., Li, S., Li, Z., Licciardi, C., Lindsay, R., MacLellan, R., Mahtab, M., Majidi, S., Malbrunot, C., Martel-Dion, P., Masbou, J., Massacret, N., McMichael, K., Mong, B., Moore, D. C., Murray, K., Nattress, J., Natzke, C. R., Ngwadla, X. E., Ni, K., Nolan, A., Nowicki, S. C., Ondze, J. C. Nzobadila, Orrell, J. L., Ortega, G. S., Overman, C. T., Peltz-Smalley, H., Perna, A., Franco, T. Pinto, Pocar, A., Pratte, J. -F., Radeka, V., Raguzin, E., Rasiwala, H., Ray, D., Rebeiro, B., Rescia, S., Retière, F., Richardson, G., Ringuette, J., Riot, V., Rowson, P. C., Roy, N., Rudolph, L., Saldanha, R., Sangiorgio, S., Schwartz, S., Soderstrom, J., Soma, A. K., Spadoni, F., Stekhanov, V., Sun, X. L., Barakoohi, E. Teimoori, Thibado, S., Tidball, A., Totev, T., Triambak, S., Tsang, T., Tyuka, O. A., Underwood, R., van Bruggen, E., Veeraraghavan, V., Vidal, M., Viel, S., Walent, M., Wamba, K., Wang, Q. D., Wang, W., Wang, Y. G., Watts, M., Wei, W., Wen, L. J., Wichoski, U., Wilde, S., Worcester, M., Wu, S., Wu, X. M., Yang, H., Yang, L., Yvaine, M., Zeldovich, O., Zhao, J., and Ziegler, T.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Large-scale low-background detectors are increasingly used in rare-event searches as experimental collaborations push for enhanced sensitivity. However, building such detectors, in practice, creates an abundance of radioassay data especially during the conceptual phase of an experiment when hundreds of materials are screened for radiopurity. A tool is needed to manage and make use of the radioassay screening data to quantitatively assess detector design options. We have developed a Materials Database Application for the nEXO experiment to serve this purpose. This paper describes this database, explains how it functions, and discusses how it streamlines the design of the experiment.
Published: 2023

8. Measurement of ${}^{nat}$Pb($\nu_e$,X$n$) production with a stopped-pion neutrino source

Author: COHERENT Collaboration, An, P., Awe, C., Barbeau, P. S., Becker, B., Belling, S. W., Belov, V., Bernardi, I., Bock, C., Bolozdynya, A., Bouabid, R., Brown, A., Browning, J., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Cervantes, M., Conley, E., Daughhetee, J., Detwiler, J., Ding, K., Durand, M. R., Efremenko, Y., Elliott, S. R., Fabris, L., Febbraro, M., Rosso, A. Gallo, Galindo-Uribarri, A., Green, M. P., Hakenmüller, J., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Hughes, M., Johnson, B. A., Johnson, T., Khromov, A., Konovalov, A., Kozlova, E., Kumpan, A., Kyzylova, O., Li, L., Link, J. M., Liu, J., Major, A., Mann, K., Markoff, D. M., Mastroberti, J., Mattingly, J., Miller, K., Mueller, P. E., Newby, J., Parno, D. S., Penttila, S. I., Pershey, D., Prior, C. G., Rapp, R., Ray, H., Raybern, J., Razuvaeva, O., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Ross, J., Rudik, D., Runge, J., Salvat, D. J., Salyapongse, A. M., Sander, J., Scholberg, K., Shakirov, A., Simakov, G., Sinev, G., Snow, W. M., Sosnovtsev, V., Subedi, T., Suh, B., Tayloe, R., Tellez-Giron-Flores, K., Ujah, E., Vanderwerp, J., van Nieuwenhuizen, E. E., Varner, R. L., Virtue, C. J., Visser, G., Walkup, K., Ward, E. M., Wongjirad, T., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., and Zettlemoyer, J.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Using neutrinos produced at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), the COHERENT collaboration has studied the Pb($\nu_e$,X$n$) process with a lead neutrino-induced-neutron (NIN) detector. Data from this detector are fit jointly with previously collected COHERENT data on this process. A combined analysis of the two datasets yields a cross section that is $0.29^{+0.17}_{-0.16}$ times that predicted by the MARLEY event generator using experimentally-measured Gamow-Teller strength distributions, consistent with no NIN events at 1.8$\sigma$. This is the first inelastic neutrino-nucleus process COHERENT has studied, among several planned exploiting the high flux of low-energy neutrinos produced at the SNS., Comment: 11 pages, 9 figures, version accepted by Phys. Rev. D
Published: 2022
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9. Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay

Author: Adams, C., Alfonso, K., Andreoiu, C., Angelico, E., Arnquist, I. J., Asaadi, J. A. A., Avignone, F. T., Axani, S. N., Barabash, A. S., Barbeau, P. S., Baudis, L., Bellini, F., Beretta, M., Bhatta, T., Biancacci, V., Biassoni, M., Bossio, E., Breur, P. A., Brodsky, J. P., Brofferio, C., Brown, E., Brugnera, R., Brunner, T., Burlac, N., Caden, E., Calgaro, S., Cao, G. F., Cao, L., Capelli, C., Cardani, L., Fernandez, R. Castillo, Cattadori, C. M., Chana, B., Chernyak, D., Christofferson, C. D., Chu, P. -H., Church, E., Cirigliano, V., Collister, R., Comellato, T., Dalmasson, J., D'Andrea, V., Daniels, T., Darroch, L., Decowski, M. P., Demarteau, M., Peixoto, S. De Meireles, Detwiler, J. A., DeVoe, R. G., Di Domizio, S., Di Marco, N., di Vacri, M. L., Dolinski, M. J., Efremenko, Yu., Elbeltagi, M., Elliott, S. R., Engel, J., Fabris, L., Fairbank, W. M., Farine, J., Febbraro, M., Figueroa-Feliciano, E., Fields, D. E., Formaggio, J. A., Foust, B. T., Franke, B., Fu, Y., Fujikawa, B. K., Gallacher, D., Gallina, G., Garfagnini, A., Gingras, C., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gold, M., Gornea, R., Grant, C., Gratta, G., Green, M. P., Grinyer, G. F., Gruszko, J., Guan, Y., Guinn, I. S., Guiseppe, V. E., Gutierrez, T. D., Hansen, E. V., Hardy, C. A., Hauptman, J., Heffner, M., Heeger, K. M., Henning, R., Hergert, H., Aguilar, D. Hervas, Hodak, R., Holt, J. D., Hoppe, E. W., Horoi, M., Huang, H. Z., Inoue, K., Jamil, A., Jochum, J., Jones, B. J. P., Kaizer, J., Karapetrov, G., Kharusi, S. Al, Kidd, M. F., Kishimoto, Y., Klein, J. R., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Kontul, I., Kornoukhov, V. N., Krause, P., Krucken, R., Kumar, K. S., Lang, K., Leach, K. G., Lenardo, B. G., Leonhardt, A., Li, A., Li, G., Li, Z., Licciardi, C., Lindsay, R., Lippi, I., Liu, J., Macko, M., MacLellan, R., Macolino, C., Majidi, S., Mamedov, F., Masbou, J., Massarczyk, R., Mastbaum, A. T., Mayer, D., Mazumdar, A., Mei, D. M., Mei, Y., Meijer, S. J., Mereghetti, E., Mertens, S., Mistry, K., Mitsui, T., Moore, D. C., Morella, M., Nattress, J. T., Neuberger, M., Ngwadla, X. E., Nones, C., Novosad, V., Nygren, D. R., Ondze, J. C. Nzobadila, O'Donnell, T., Gann, G. D. Orebi, Orrell, J. L., Ortega, G. S., Ouellet, J. L., Overman, C., Pagani, L., Palusova, V., Para, A., Pavan, M., Perna, A., Pertoldi, L., Pettus, W., Piepke, A., Piseri, P., Pocar, A., Povinec, P., Psihas, F., Pullia, A., Radford, D. C., Ramonnye, G. J, Rasiwala, H., Redchuk, M., Riboldi, S., Richardson, G., Rielage, K., Rogers, L., Rowson, P. C., Rukhadze, E., Saakyan, R., Sada, C., Salamanna, G., Salamida, F., Saldanha, R., Salvat, D. J., Sangiorgio, S., Schaper, D. C., Schoenert, S., Schwarz, M., Schwartz, S. E., Shitov, Y., Simkovic, F., Singh, V., Slavickova, M., Sousa, A. C., Spadoni, F. L., Speller, D. H., Stekl, I., Sumathi, R. R., Surukuchi, P. T., Tayloe, R., Tornow, W., Torres, J. A., Totev, T. I., Triambak, S., Tyuka, O. A., Vasilyev, S. I., Velazquez, M., Viel, S., Vogl, C., von Strum, K., Wang, Q., Waters, D., Watkins, S. L., Watts, M., Wei, W. -Z., Welliver, B., Wen, Liangjian, Wichoski, U., Wilde, S., Wilkerson, J. F., Winslow, L., Wiseman, C., Wu, X., Xu, W., Yang, H., Yang, L., Yu, C. H., Zeman, J., Zennamo, J., and Zuzel, G.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract: This White Paper, prepared for the Fundamental Symmetries, Neutrons, and Neutrinos Town Meeting related to the 2023 Nuclear Physics Long Range Plan, makes the case for double beta decay as a critical component of the future nuclear physics program. The major experimental collaborations and many theorists have endorsed this white paper., Comment: white paper submitted for the Fundamental Symmetries, Neutrons, and Neutrinos Town Meeting in support of the US Nuclear Physics Long Range Planning Process
Published: 2022

10. Performance of novel VUV-sensitive Silicon Photo-Multipliers for nEXO

Author: Gallina, G., Guan, Y., Retiere, F., Cao, G., Bolotnikov, A., Kotov, I., Rescia, S., Soma, A. K., Tsang, T., Darroch, L., Brunner, T., Bolster, J., Cohen, J. R., Franco, T. Pinto, Gillis, W. C., Smalley, H. Peltz, Thibado, S., Pocar, A., Bhat, A., Jamil, A., Moore, D. C., Adhikari, G., Kharusi, S. Al, Angelico, E., Arnquist, I. J., Arsenault, P., Badhrees, I., Bane, J., Belov, V., Bernard, E. P., Bhatta, T., Brodsky, J. P., Brown, E., Caden, E., Cao, L., Chambers, C., Chana, B., Charlebois, S. A., Chernyak, D., Chiu, M., Cleveland, B., Collister, R., Cvitan, M., Dalmasson, J., Daniels, T., Deslandes, K., DeVoe, R., di Vacri, M. L., Ding, Y., Dolinski, M. J., Dragone, A., Echevers, J., Eckert, B., Elbeltagi, M., Fabris, L., Fairbank, W., Farine, J., Fu, Y. S., Gallacher, D., Gautam, P., Giacomini, G., Gingras, C., Goeldi, D., Gornea, R., Gratta, G., Hardy, C. A., Hedges, S., Heffner, M., Hein, E., Holt, J., Hoppe, E. W., Hößl, J., House, A., Hunt, W., Iverson, A., Jiang, X. S., Karelin, A., Kaufman, L. J., Krücken, R., Kuchenkov, A., Kumar, K. S., Larson, A., Leach, K. G., Lenardo, B. G., Leonard, D. S., Lessard, G., Li, G., Li, S., Li, Z., Licciardi, C., Lindsay, R., MacLellan, R., Mahtab, M., Majidi, S., Malbrunot, C., Margetak, P., Martel-Dion, P., Martin, L., Masbou, J., Massacret, N., McMichael, K., Mong, B., Murray, K., Nattress, J., Natzke, C. R., Ngwadla, X. E., Ondze, J. C. Nzobadila, Odian, A., Orrell, J. L., Ortega, G. S., Overman, C. T., Parent, S., Perna, A., Piepke, A., Pletskova, N., Pratte, J. F., Radeka, V., Raguzin, E., Ramonnye, G. J., Rao, T., Rasiwala, H., Raymond, K., Rebeiro, B. M., Richardson, G., Ringuette, J., Riot, V., Rossignol, T., Rowson, P. C., Rudolph, L., Saldanha, R., Sangiorgio, S., Shang, X., Spadoni, F., Stekhanov, V., Sun, X. L., Tidball, A., Totev, T., Triambak, S., Tsang, R. H. M., Tyuka, O. A., Vachon, F., Vidal, M., Viel, S., Visser, G., Wagenpfeil, M., Walent, M., Wamba, K., Wang, Q., Wang, W., Wang, Y., Watts, M., Wei, W., Wen, L. J., Wichoski, U., Wilde, S., Worcester, M., Wu, W. H., Wu, X., Xie, L., Yan, W., Yang, H., Yang, L., Zeldovich, O., Zhao, J., and Ziegler, T.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: Liquid xenon time projection chambers are promising detectors to search for neutrinoless double beta decay (0$\nu \beta \beta$), due to their response uniformity, monolithic sensitive volume, scalability to large target masses, and suitability for extremely low background operations. The nEXO collaboration has designed a tonne-scale time projection chamber that aims to search for 0$\nu \beta \beta$ of \ce{^{136}Xe} with projected half-life sensitivity of $1.35\times 10^{28}$~yr. To reach this sensitivity, the design goal for nEXO is $\leq$1\% energy resolution at the decay $Q$-value ($2458.07\pm 0.31$~keV). Reaching this resolution requires the efficient collection of both the ionization and scintillation produced in the detector. The nEXO design employs Silicon Photo-Multipliers (SiPMs) to detect the vacuum ultra-violet, 175 nm scintillation light of liquid xenon. This paper reports on the characterization of the newest vacuum ultra-violet sensitive Fondazione Bruno Kessler VUVHD3 SiPMs specifically designed for nEXO, as well as new measurements on new test samples of previously characterised Hamamatsu VUV4 Multi Pixel Photon Counters (MPPCs). Various SiPM and MPPC parameters, such as dark noise, gain, direct crosstalk, correlated avalanches and photon detection efficiency were measured as a function of the applied over voltage and wavelength at liquid xenon temperature (163~K). The results from this study are used to provide updated estimates of the achievable energy resolution at the decay $Q$-value for the nEXO design.
Published: 2022
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11. A COHERENT constraint on leptophobic dark matter using CsI data

Author: COHERENT Collaboration, Akimov, D., An, P., Awe, C., Barbeau, P. S., Becker, B., Belov, V., Bernardi, I., Blackston, M. A., Bock, C., Bolozdynya, A., Bouabid, R., Browning, J., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Chernyak, D., Conley, E., Daughhetee, J., Detwiler, J., Ding, K., Durand, M. R., Efremenko, Y., Elliot, S. R., Fabris, L., Febbraro, M., Rosso, A. Gallo, Galindo-Uribarri, A., Green, M. P., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Hoang, D., Hughes, M., Johnson, B. A., Johnson, T., Khromov, A., Konovalov, A., Kozlova, E., Kupman, A., Li, L., Link, J. M., Liu, J., Major, A., Mann, K., Markoff, D. M., Mastroberti, J., Mattingly, J., Mueller, P. E., Newby, J., Parno, D. S., Penttila, S. I., Pershey, D., Prior, C., Rapp, R., Ray, H., Razuvaeva, O., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Ross, J., Rudik, D., Runge, J., Salvat, D. J., Salyapongse, A. M., Sander, J., Scholberg, K., Shakirov, A., Simakov, G., Snow, W. M., Sosnovstsev, V., Suh, B., Tayloe, R., Tellez-Giron-Flores, K., Tolstukhin, I., Ujah, E., Vanderwerp, J., Varner, R. L., Virtue, C. J., Visser, G., Wongjirad, T., Yen, W. -R., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., and Zettlemoyer, J.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: We use data from the COHERENT CsI[Na] scintillation detector to constrain sub-GeV leptophobic dark matter models. This detector was built to observe low-energy nuclear recoils from coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering. These capabilities enable searches for dark matter particles produced at the Spallation Neutron Source mediated by a vector portal particle with masses between 2 and 400 MeV/c$^2$. No evidence for dark matter is observed and a limit on the mediator coupling to quarks is placed. This constraint improves upon previous results by two orders of magnitude. This newly explored parameter space probes the region where the dark matter relic abundance is explained by leptophobic dark matter when the mediator mass is roughly twice the dark matter mass. COHERENT sets the best constraint on leptophobic dark matter at these masses.
Published: 2022

12. The COHERENT Experimental Program

Author: Akimov, D., Alawabdeh, S., An, P., Arteaga, A., Awe, C., Barbeau, P. S., Barry, C., Becker, B., Belov, V., Bernardi, I., Blackston, M. A., Blokland, L., Bock, C., Bodur, B., Bolozdynya, A., Bouabid, R., Bracho, A., Browning, J., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Chen, N., Chernyak, D., Conley, E., Daughhetee, J., Daughtry, J., Day, E., Coello, M. del Valle, Detwiler, J., Ding, K., Durand, M. R., Efremenko, Y., Elliott, S. R., Fabris, L., Febbraro, M., Fox, W., Galambos, J., Rosso, A. Gallo, Galindo-Uribarri, A., Gilbert, C., Green, M. P., Hansen, K. R., Harris, B., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Henderson, R., Hoang, D., Hughes, C., Hughes, M., Iverson, E., Jairam, P., Johnson, B. A., Johnson, T., Kaufman, L., Khromov, A., Konovalov, A., Koros, J., Kozlova, E., Kumpan, A., Li, L., Librande, J. T., Link, J. M., Liu, J., Major, A., Mann, K., Markoff, D. M., Mastroberti, J., Mattingly, J., McGoldrick, O., McIntyre, M., Melikyan, Y. A., Mishra, M., Mueller, P. E., Newby, J., Parno, D. S., Penne, A., Penttila, S. I., Pershey, D., Prior, C., Radford, D., Rahman, F., Rapp, R., Ray, H., Raybern, J., Razuvaeva, O., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Rimal, D., Ross, J., Rouzky, A., Rudik, D., Runge, J., Salvat, D. J., Salyapongse, A. M., Sander, J., Scholberg, K., Siehien, P., Shakirov, A., Simakov, G., Sinev, G., Snow, W. M., Sosnovstsev, V., Steele, J., Hjelmstad, A. Strasbaugh, Subedi, T., Suh, B., Tayloe, R., Tellez-Giron-Flores, K., Thornton, R. T., Tolstukhin, I., Trotter, S., Tsai, F., Tsai, Y. -T., Ujah, E., Vanderwerp, J., van Nieuwenhuizen, E., Varner, R. L., Vasquez, S., Virtue, C. J., Visser, G., Walkup, K., Wang, J., Ward, E. M., Wiseman, C., Wongjirad, T., Wu, D., Yang, J., Yang, Y., Yen, Y. -R., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., Zettlemoyer, J., and Zhang, S.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The COHERENT experiment located in Neutrino Alley at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), has made the world's first two measurements of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS), on CsI and argon, using neutrinos produced at the SNS. The COHERENT collaboration continues to pursue CEvNS measurements on various targets as well as additional studies of inelastic neutrino-nucleus interactions, searches for accelerator-produced dark matter (DM) and physics beyond the Standard Model, using the uniquely high-quality and high-intensity neutrino source available at the SNS. This white paper describes primarily COHERENT's ongoing and near-future program at the SNS First Target Station (FTS). Opportunities enabled by the SNS Second Target Station (STS) for the study of neutrino physics and development of novel detector technologies are elaborated in a separate white paper., Comment: 38 papers, 24 figures; Snowmass contribution
Published: 2022

13. A Novel Silicon Photomultiplier Readout Architecture for Low-light Applications

Author: Cianciolo, V., Efremenko, Yu. V., Fabris, L., Imam, S. K., Ramsey, S. I. Penttila J. C., and Estrada, R. Santos
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: In this article we describe the photon detection readout electronics for the nEDM@SNS experiment. The chosen "photon counting" architecture, which utilizes high-efficiency silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) and is appropriate for low-light applications, allows the use of a relatively high SiPM operating voltage. This maximizes photon detection efficiency and minimizes gain/efficiency voltage-dependence while eliminating optical cross-talk., Comment: 14 pages, 6 figures
Published: 2022
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14. Development of a $^{127}$Xe calibration source for nEXO

Author: Lenardo, B. G., Hardy, C. A., Tsang, R. H. M., Ondze, J. C. Nzobadila, Piepke, A., Triambak, S., Jamil, A., Adhikari, G., Kharusi, S. Al, Angelico, E., Arnquist, I. J., Belov, V., Bernard, E. P., Bhat, A., Bhatta, T., Bolotnikov, A., Breur, P. A., Brodsky, J. P., Brown, E., Brunner, T., Caden, E., Cao, G. F., Cao, L., Chana, B., Charlebois, S. A., Chernyak, D., Chiu, M., Cohen, J. R., Collister, R., Dalmasson, J., Daniels, T., Darroch, L., DeVoe, R., di Vacri, M. L., Ding, Y. Y., Dolinski, M. J., Echevers, J., Eckert, B., Elbeltagi, M., Fabris, L., Fairbank, D., Fairbank, W., Farine, J., Fu, Y. S., Gallina, G., Gautam, P., Giacomini, G., Gillis, W., Gingras, C., Gornea, R., Gratta, G., Harouaka, K., Heffner, M., Hein, E., Hößl, J., House, A., Iverson, A., Jiang, X. S., Karelin, A., Kaufman, L. J., Krücken, R., Kuchenkov, A., Kumar, K. S., Larson, A., Leach, K. G., Leonard, D. S., Li, G., Li, S., Li, Z., Licciardi, C., Lindsay, R., MacLellan, R., Masbou, J., McMichael, K., Peregrina, M. Medina, Mong, B., Moore, D. C., Murray, K., Nattress, J., Natzke, C. R., Ngwadla, X. E., Ni, K., Ning, Z., Orrell, J. L., Ortega, G. S., Ostrovskiy, I., Overman, C. T., Perna, A., Franco, T. Pinto, Pocar, A., Pratte, J. F., Priel, N., Raguzin, E., Ramonnye, G. J., Rasiwala, H., Raymond, K., Richardson, G., Richman, M., Ringuette, J., Rowson, P. C., Saldanha, R., Sangiorgio, S., Shang, X., Soma, A. K., Spadoni, F., Stekhanov, V., Sun, X. L., Thibado, S., Tidball, A., Todd, J., Totev, T., Tyuka, O. A., Vachon, F., Veeraraghavan, V., Viel, S., Wamba, K., Wang, Y., Wang, Q., Wei, W., Wen, L. J., Wichoski, U., Wilde, S., Wu, W. H., Yan, W., Yang, L., Zeldovich, O., Zhao, J., and Ziegler, T.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We study a possible calibration technique for the nEXO experiment using a $^{127}$Xe electron capture source. nEXO is a next-generation search for neutrinoless double beta decay ($0\nu\beta\beta$) that will use a 5-tonne, monolithic liquid xenon time projection chamber (TPC). The xenon, used both as source and detection medium, will be enriched to 90% in $^{136}$Xe. To optimize the event reconstruction and energy resolution, calibrations are needed to map the position- and time-dependent detector response. The 36.3 day half-life of $^{127}$Xe and its small $Q$-value compared to that of $^{136}$Xe $0\nu\beta\beta$ would allow a small activity to be maintained continuously in the detector during normal operations without introducing additional backgrounds, thereby enabling in-situ calibration and monitoring of the detector response. In this work we describe a process for producing the source and preliminary experimental tests. We then use simulations to project the precision with which such a source could calibrate spatial corrections to the light and charge response of the nEXO TPC., Comment: 24 pages, 16 figures
Published: 2022
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15. Monitoring the SNS basement neutron background with the MARS detector

Author: COHERENT Collaboration, Akimov, D., An, P., Awe, C., Barbeau, P. S., Becker, B., Belov, V., Bernardi, I., Blackston, M. A., Bock, C., Bolozdynya, A., Browning, J., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Chernyak, D., Conley, E., Daughhetee, J., Detwiler, J., Ding, K., Durand, M. R., Efremenko, Y., Elliott, S. R., Fabris, L., Febbraro, M., Rosso, A. Gallo, Galindo-Uribarri, A., Green, M. P., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Hoang, D., Hughes, M., Johnson, B. A., Johnson, T., Khromov, A., Konovalov, A., Kozlova, E., Kumpan, A., Li, L., Link, J. M., Liu, J., Mann, K., Markoff, D. M., Mastroberti, J., Mueller, P. E., Newby, J., Parno, D. S., Penttila, S. I., Pershey, D., Rapp, R., Ray, H., Raybern, J., Razuvaeva, O., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Ross, J., Rudik, D., Runge, J., Salvat, D. J., Salyapongse, A. M., Scholberg, K., Shakirov, A., Simakov, G., Sinev, G., Snow, W. M., Sosnovstsev, V., Suh, B., Tayloe, R., Tellez-Giron-Flores, K., Tolstukhin, I., Ujah, E., Vanderwerp, J., Varner, R. L., Virtue, C. J., Visser, G., Wongjirad, T., Yen, Y. -R., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., and Zettlemoyer, J.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: We present the analysis and results of the first dataset collected with the MARS neutron detector deployed at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) for the purpose of monitoring and characterizing the beam-related neutron (BRN) background for the COHERENT collaboration. MARS was positioned next to the COH-CsI coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering detector in the SNS basement corridor. This is the basement location of closest proximity to the SNS target and thus, of highest neutrino flux, but it is also well shielded from the BRN flux by infill concrete and gravel. These data show the detector registered roughly one BRN per day. Using MARS' measured detection efficiency, the incoming BRN flux is estimated to be $1.20~\pm~0.56~\text{neutrons}/\text{m}^2/\text{MWh}$ for neutron energies above $\sim3.5$ MeV and up to a few tens of MeV. We compare our results with previous BRN measurements in the SNS basement corridor reported by other neutron detectors.
Published: 2021
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16. Measurement of scintillation response of CsI[Na] to low-energy nuclear recoils by COHERENT

Author: Akimov, D., An, P., Awe, C., Barbeau, P. S., Becker, B., Belov, V., Bernardi, I., Blackston, M. A., Bock, C., Bolozdynya, A., Browning, J., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Chernyak, D., Conley, E., Daughhetee, J., Detwiler, J., Ding, K., Durand, M. R., Efremenko, Y., Elliott, S. R., Fabris, L., Febbraro, M., Rosso, A. Gallo, Galindo-Uribarri, A., Green, M. P., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Hoang, D., Hughes, M., Johnson, T., Khromov, A., Konovalov, A., Kozlova, E., Kumpan, A., Li, L., Link, J. M., Liu, J., Mann, K., Markoff, D. M., Mastroberti, J., Melikyan, Y. A., Mueller, P. E., Newby, J., Parno, D. S., Penttila, S. I., Pershey, D., Rapp, R., Ray, H., Raybern, J., Razuvaeva, O., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Ross, J., Rudik, D., Runge, J., Salvat, D. J., Salyapongse, A. M., Scholberg, K., Shakirov, A., Simakov, G., Sinev, G., Snow, W. M., Sosnovstsev, V., Suh, B., Tayloe, R., Tellez-Giron-Flores, K., Tolstukhin, I., Ujah, E., Vanderwerp, J., Varner, R. L., Virtue, C. J., Visser, G., Wongjirad, T., Yen, Y. -R., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., and Zettlemoyer, J.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: We present results of several measurements of CsI[Na] scintillation response to 3-60 keV energy nuclear recoils performed by the COHERENT collaboration using tagged neutron elastic scattering experiments and an endpoint technique. Earlier results, used to estimate the coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) event rate for the first observation of this process achieved by COHERENT at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), have been reassessed. We discuss corrections for the identified systematic effects and update the respective uncertainty values. The impact of updated results on future precision tests of CEvNS is estimated. We scrutinize potential systematic effects that could affect each measurement. In particular we confirm the response of the H11934-200 Hamamatsu photomultiplier tube (PMT) used for the measurements presented in this study to be linear in the relevant signal scale region., Comment: The version accepted by JINST. The changes made as a result of the peer review process: 1. Section 8 "Global CsI[Na] QF data fit" is expanded. The main fit result and its uncertainty is NOT CHANGED. An alternative fit is now shown in Figure 14, Figure 15 is added to further validate the assumptions in the main fit. 2. The Appendix B is restructured for clarity
Published: 2021

17. First Probe of Sub-GeV Dark Matter Beyond the Cosmological Expectation with the COHERENT CsI Detector at the SNS

Author: Akimov, D., An, P., Awe, C., Barbeau, P. S., Becker, B., Belov, V., Bernardi, I., Blackston, M. A., Bock, C., Bolozdynya, A., Browning, J., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Chernyak, D., Conley, E., Daughhetee, J., Detwiler, J., Ding, K., Durand, M. R., Efremenko, Y., Elliott, S. R., Fabris, L., Febbraro, M., Rosso, A. Gallo, Galindo-Uribarri, A., Green, M. P., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Hoang, D., Hughes, M., Johnson, T., Khromov, A., Konovalov, A., Kozlova, E., Kumpan, A., Li, L., Link, J. M., Liu, J., Mann, K., Markoff, D. M., Mastroberti, J., Mueller, P. E., Newby, J., Parno, D. S., Penttila, S. I., Pershey, D., Rapp, R., Raybern, J., Razuvaeva, O., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Ross, J., Rudik, D., Runge, J., Salvat, D. J., Salyapongse, A. M., Sander, J., Scholberg, K., Shakirov, A., Simakov, G., Sinev, G., Snow, W. M., Sosnovstsev, V., Suh, B., Tayloe, R., Tellez-Giron-Flores, K., Tolstukhin, I., Ujah, E., Vanderwerp, J., Varner, R. L., Virtue, C. J., Visser, G., Wongjirad, T., Yen, Y. -R., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., and Zettlemoyer, J.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The COHERENT collaboration searched for scalar dark matter particles produced at the Spallation Neutron Source with masses between 1 and 220~MeV/c$^2$ using a CsI[Na] scintillation detector sensitive to nuclear recoils above 9~keV$_\text{nr}$. No evidence for dark matter is found and we thus place limits on allowed parameter space. With this low-threshold detector, we are sensitive to coherent elastic scattering between dark matter and nuclei. The cross section for this process is orders of magnitude higher than for other processes historically used for accelerator-based direct-detection searches so that our small, 14.6~kg detector significantly improves on past constraints. At peak sensitivity, we reject the flux consistent with the cosmologically observed dark-matter concentration for all coupling constants $\alpha_D<0.64$, assuming a scalar dark-matter particle. We also calculate the sensitivity of future COHERENT detectors to dark-matter signals which will ambitiously test multiple dark-matter spin scenarios.
Published: 2021

18. Measurement of the Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering Cross Section on CsI by COHERENT

Author: Akimov, D., An, P., Awe, C., Barbeau, P. S., Becker, B., Belov, V., Bernardi, I., Blackston, M. A., Bock, C., Bolozdynya, A., Browning, J., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Chernyak, D., Conley, E., Daughhetee, J., Detwiler, J., Ding, K., Durand, M. R., Efremenko, Y., Elliott, S. R., Fabris, L., Febbraro, M., Rosso, A. Gallo, Galindo-Uribarri, A., Green, M. P., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Hoang, D., Hughes, M., Johnson, T., Khromov, A., Konovalov, A., Kozlova, E., Kumpan, A., Li, L., Link, J. M., Liu, J., Mann, K., Markoff, D. M., Mastroberti, J., Mueller, P. E., Newby, J., Parno, D. S., Penttila, S. I., Pershey, D., Rapp, R., Ray, H., Raybern, J., Razuvaeva, O., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Ross, J., Rudik, D., Runge, J., Salvat, D. J., Salyapongse, A. M., Scholberg, K., Shakirov, A., Simakov, G., Sinev, G., Snow, W. M., Sosnovstsev, V., Suh, B., Tayloe, R., Tellez-Giron-Flores, K., Tolstukhin, I., Ujah, E., Vanderwerp, J., Varner, R. L., Virtue, C. J., Visser, G., Wongjirad, T., Yen, Y. -R., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., and Zettlemoyer, J.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: We measured the cross section of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (\cevns{}) using a CsI[Na] scintillating crystal in a high flux of neutrinos produced at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. New data collected before detector decommissioning has more than doubled the dataset since the first observation of \cevns{}, achieved with this detector. Systematic uncertainties have also been reduced with an updated quenching model, allowing for improved precision. With these analysis improvements, the COHERENT collaboration determined the cross section to be $(165^{+30}_{-25})\times10^{-40}$~cm$^2$, consistent with the standard model, giving the most precise measurement of \cevns{} yet. The timing structure of the neutrino beam has been exploited to compare the \cevns{} cross section from scattering of different neutrino flavors. This result places leading constraints on neutrino non-standard interactions while testing lepton flavor universality and measures the weak mixing angle as $\sin^2\theta_{W}=0.220^{+0.028}_{-0.026}$ at $Q^2\approx(50\text{ MeV})^2$
Published: 2021
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19. Simulating the neutrino flux from the Spallation Neutron Source for the COHERENT experiment

Author: COHERENT Collaboration, Akimov, D., An, P., Awe, C., Barbeau, P. S., Becker, B., Belov, V., Bernardi, I., Blackston, M. A., Bock, C., Bolozdynya, A., Browning, J., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Chernyak, D., Conley, E., Daughhetee, J., Detwiler, J., Ding, K., Durand, M. R., Efremenko, Y., Elliott, S. R., Fabris, L., Febbraro, M., Galambos, J., Rosso, A. Gallo, Galindo-Uribarri, A., Green, M. P., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Hoang, D., Hughes, M., Iverson, E., Johnson, T., Khromov, A., Konovalov, A., Kozlova, E., Kumpan, A., Li, L., Link, J. M., Liu, J., Mann, K., Markoff, D. M., Mastroberti, J., McIntyre, M., Mueller, P. E., Newby, J., Parno, D. S., Penttila, S. I., Pershey, D., Rapp, R., Ray, H., Raybern, J., Razuvaeva, O., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Rimal, D., Ross, J., Rudik, D., Runge, J., Salvat, D. J., Salyapongse, A. M., Scholberg, K., Shakirov, A., Simakov, G., Sinev, G., Snow, W. M., Sosnovstsev, V., Suh, B., Tayloe, R., Tellez-Giron-Flores, K., Tolstukhin, I., Trotter, S., Ujah, E., Vanderwerp, J., Varner, R. L., Virtue, C. J., Visser, G., Wongjirad, T., Yen, Y. -R., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., Zettlemoyer, J., and Zhang, S.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory is a pulsed source of neutrons and, as a byproduct of this operation, an intense source of pulsed neutrinos via stopped-pion decay. The COHERENT collaboration uses this source to investigate coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering and other physics with a suite of detectors. This work includes a description of our Geant4 simulation of neutrino production at the SNS and the flux calculation which informs the COHERENT studies. We estimate the uncertainty of this calculation at about 10% based on validation against available low-energy pion production data.
Published: 2021

20. NEXO: Neutrinoless double beta decay search beyond $10^{28}$ year half-life sensitivity

Author: nEXO Collaboration, Adhikari, G., Kharusi, S. Al, Angelico, E., Anton, G., Arnquist, I. J., Badhrees, I., Bane, J., Belov, V., Bernard, E. P., Bhatta, T., Bolotnikov, A., Breur, P. A., Brodsky, J. P., Brown, E., Brunner, T., Caden, E., Cao, G. F., Cao, L., Chambers, C., Chana, B., Charlebois, S. A., Chernyak, D., Chiu, M., Cleveland, B., Collister, R., Czyz, S. A., Dalmasson, J., Daniels, T., Darroch, L., DeVoe, R., Di Vacri, M. L., Dilling, J., Ding, Y. Y., Dolgolenko, A., Dolinski, M. J., Dragone, A., Echevers, J., Elbeltagi, M., Fabris, L., Fairbank, D., Fairbank, W., Farine, J., Ferrara, S., Feyzbakhsh, S., Fu, Y. S., Gallina, G., Gautam, P., Giacomini, G., Gingras, W. Gillis C., Goeldi, D., Gornea, R., Gratta, G., Hardy, C. A., Harouaka, K., Heffner, M., Hoppe, E. W., House, A., Iverson, A., Jamil, A., Jewell, M., Jiang, X. S., Karelin, A., Kaufman, L. J., Kotov, I., Krücken, R., Kuchenkov, A., Kumar, K. S., Lan, Y., Larson, A., Leach, K. G., Lenardo, B. G., Leonard, D. S., Li, G., Li, S., Li, Z., Licciardi, C., Lindsay, R., MacLellan, R., Mahtab, M., Martel-Dion, P., Masbou, J., Massacret, N., McElroy, T., McMichael, K., Peregrina, M. Medina, Michel, T., Mong, B., Moore, D. C., Murray, K., Nattress, J., Natzke, C. R., Newby, R. J., Ni, K., Nolet, F., Nusair, O., Ondze, J. C. Nzobadila, Odgers, K., Odian, A., Orrell, J. L., Ortega, G. S., Overman, C. T., Parent, S., Perna, A., Piepke, A., Pocar, A., Pratte, J-F., Priel, N., Radeka, V., Raguzin, E., Ramonnye, G. J., Rao, T., Rasiwala, H., Rescia, S., Retière, F., Ringuette, J., Riot, V., Rossignol, T., Rowson, P. C., Roy, N., Saldanha, R., Sangiorgio, S., Shang, X., Soma, A. K., Spadoni, F., Stekhanov, V., Sun, X. L., Tarka, M., Thibado, S., Tidball, A., Todd, J., Totev, T., Triambak, S., Tsang, R. H. M., Tsang, T., Vachon, F., Veeraraghavan, V., Viel, S., Vivo-Vilches, C., Vogel, P., Vuilleumier, J-L., Wagenpfeil, M., Wager, T., Walent, M., Wamba, K., Wang, Q., Wei, W., Wen, L. J., Wichoski, U., Wilde, S., Worcester, M., Wu, S. X., Wu, W. H., Wu, X., Xia, Q., Yan, W., Yang, H., Yang, L., Zeldovich, O., Zhao, J., and Ziegler, T.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The nEXO neutrinoless double beta decay experiment is designed to use a time projection chamber and 5000 kg of isotopically enriched liquid xenon to search for the decay in $^{136}$Xe. Progress in the detector design, paired with higher fidelity in its simulation and an advanced data analysis, based on the one used for the final results of EXO-200, produce a sensitivity prediction that exceeds the half-life of $10^{28}$ years. Specifically, improvements have been made in the understanding of production of scintillation photons and charge as well as of their transport and reconstruction in the detector. The more detailed knowledge of the detector construction has been paired with more assays for trace radioactivity in different materials. In particular, the use of custom electroformed copper is now incorporated in the design, leading to a substantial reduction in backgrounds from the intrinsic radioactivity of detector materials. Furthermore, a number of assumptions from previous sensitivity projections have gained further support from interim work validating the nEXO experiment concept. Together these improvements and updates suggest that the nEXO experiment will reach a half-life sensitivity of $1.35\times 10^{28}$ yr at 90% confidence level in 10 years of data taking, covering the parameter space associated with the inverted neutrino mass ordering, along with a significant portion of the parameter space for the normal ordering scenario, for almost all nuclear matrix elements. The effects of backgrounds deviating from the nominal values used for the projections are also illustrated, concluding that the nEXO design is robust against a number of imperfections of the model., Comment: 26 pages, 19 figures, version accepted by Journal of Phys. G
Published: 2021
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21. A D$_{2}$O detector for flux normalization of a pion decay-at-rest neutrino source

Author: COHERENT Collaboration, Akimov, D., An, P., Awe, C., Barbeau, P. S., Becker, B., Belov, V., Bernardi, I., Blackston, M. A., Blokland, L., Bolozdynya, A., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Chernyak, D., Conley, E., Daughhetee, J., Day, E., Detwiler, J., Ding, K., Durand, M. R., Efremenko, Y., Elliott, S. R., Fabris, L., Febbraro, M., Rosso, A. Gallo, Galindo-Uribarri, A., Green, M. P., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Hoang, D., Hughes, M., Johnson, T., Khromov, A., Konovalov, A., Koros, J., Kozlova, E., Kumpan, A., Li, L., Link, J. M., Liu, J., Markoff, D. M., Mann, K., Mueller, P. E., Newby, J., Parno, D. S., Penttila, S. I., Pershey, D., Rapp, R., Ray, H., Raybern, J., Razuvaeva, O., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Ross, J., Rudik, D., Runge, J., Salvat, D. J., Salyapongse, A. M., Scholberg, K., Shakirov, A., Simakov, G., Sinev, G., Snow, W. M., Sosnovstsev, V., Suh, B., Tayloe, R., Tellez-Giron-Flores, K., Tolstukhin, I., Ujah, E., Vanderwerp, J., Varner, R. L., Virtue, C. J., Visser, G., Ward, E. M., Wiseman, C., Wongjirad, T., Yen, Y. -R., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., and Zettlemoyer, J.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We report on the technical design and expected performance of a 592 kg heavy-water-Cherenkov detector to measure the absolute neutrino flux from the pion-decay-at-rest neutrino source at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The detector will be located roughly 20 m from the SNS target and will measure the neutrino flux with better than 5% statistical uncertainty in 2 years. This heavy-water detector will serve as the first module of a two-module detector system to ultimately measure the neutrino flux to 2-3% at both the First Target Station and the planned Second Target Station of the SNS. This detector will significantly reduce a dominant systematic uncertainty for neutrino cross-section measurements at the SNS, increasing the sensitivity of searches for new physics., Comment: As accepted to JINST
Published: 2021
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22. Reflectivity of VUV-sensitive Silicon Photomultipliers in Liquid Xenon

Author: Wagenpfeil, M., Ziegler, T., Schneider, J., Fieguth, A., Murra, M., Schulte, D., Althueser, L., Huhmann, C., Weinheimer, C., Michel, T., Anton, G., Adhikari, G., Kharusi, S. Al, Angelico, E., Arnquist, I. J., Badhrees, I., Bane, J., Beck, D., Belov, V., Bhatta, T., Bolotnikov, A., Breur, P. A., Brodsky, J. P., Brown, E., Brunner, T., Caden, E., Cao, G. F., Chambers, C., Chana, B., Charlebois, S. A., Chernyak, D., Chiu, M., Cleveland, B., Craycraft, A., Daniels, T., Darroch, L., Der Mesrobian-Kabakian, A., Croix, A. de St, Deslandes, K., DeVoe, R., Di Vacri, M. L., Dolinski, M. J., Echevers, J., Elbeltagi, M., Fabris, L., Fairbank, D., Fairbank, W., Farine, J., Ferrara, S., Feyzbakhsh, S., Gallina, G., Gautam, P., Giacomini, G., Gingras, C., Goeldi, D., Gorham, A., Gornea, R., Gratta, G., Hansen, E. V., Hardy, C. A., Harouaka, K., Heffner, M., Hoppe, E. W., House, A., Hughes, M., Iverson, A., Jamil, A., Jewell, M., Karelin, A., Kaufman, L. J., Krücken, R., Kuchenkov, A., Kumar, K. S., Lan, Y., Larson, A., Leach, K. G., Leonard, D. S., Li, G., Li, S., Li, Z., Licciardi, C., Lindsay, R., MacLellan, R., Martel-Dion, P., Massacret, N., McElroy, T., Peregrina, M. Medina, Mong, B., Moore, D. C., Murray, K., Nattress, J., Natzke, C. R., Newby, R. J., Nolet, F., Nusair, O., Ondze, J. C. Nzobadila, Odgers, K., Odian, A., Orrell, J. L., Ortega, G. S., Ostrovskiy, I., Overman, C. T., Parent, S., Piepke, A., Pocar, A., Pratte, J. -F., Raguzin, E., Ramonnye, G. J., Rasiwala, H., Rescia, S., Retière, F., Richard, C., Richman, M., Ringuette, J., Robinson, A., Rossignol, T., Rowson, P. C., Roy, N., Saldanha, R., Sangiorgio, S., Soma, A. K., Spadoni, F., Stekhanov, V., Stiegler, T., Tarka, M., Thibado, S., Tidball, A., Todd, J., Totev, T., Triambak, S., Tsang, R., Vachon, F., Veeraraghavan, V., Viel, S., Vivo-Vilches, C., Walent, M., Wichoski, U., Worcester, M., Wu, S. X., Xia, Q., Yan, W., Yang, L., and Zeldovich, O.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: Silicon photomultipliers are regarded as a very promising technology for next-generation, cutting-edge detectors for low-background experiments in particle physics. This work presents systematic reflectivity studies of Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPM) and other samples in liquid xenon at vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) wavelengths. A dedicated setup at the University of M\"unster has been used that allows to acquire angle-resolved reflection measurements of various samples immersed in liquid xenon with 0.45{\deg} angular resolution. Four samples are investigated in this work: one Hamamatsu VUV4 SiPM, one FBK VUV-HD SiPM, one FBK wafer sample and one Large-Area Avalanche Photodiode (LA-APD) from EXO-200. The reflectivity is determined to be 25-36% at an angle of incidence of 20{\deg} for the four samples and increases to up to 65% at 70{\deg} for the LA-APD and the FBK samples. The Hamamatsu VUV4 SiPM shows a decline with increasing angle of incidence. The reflectivity results will be incorporated in upcoming light response simulations of the nEXO detector., Comment: 18 pages, 11 figures
Published: 2021
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23. Cosmic antihelium-3 nuclei sensitivity of the GAPS experiment

Author: Saffold, N., Aramaki, T., Bird, R., Boezio, M., Boggs, S. E., Bonvicini, V., Campana, D., Craig, W. W., von Doetinchem, P., Everson, E., Fabris, L., Fuke, H., Gahbauer, F., Garcia, I., Gerrity, C., Hailey, C. J., Hayashi, T., Kato, C., Kawachi, A., Kobayashi, S., Kozai, M., Lenni, A., Lowell, A., Manghisoni, M., Marcelli, N., Mognet, S. I., Munakata, K., Munini, R., Nakagami, Y., Olson, J., Ong, R. A., Osteria, G., Perez, K., Pope, I., Quinn, S., Re, V., Reed, M., Riceputi, E., Roach, B., Rogers, F., Ryan, J. L., Scotti, V., Shimizu, Y., Sonzogni, M., Sparvoli, R., Stoessl, A., Tiberio, A., Vannuccini, E., Wada, T., Xiao, M., Yamatani, M., Yoshida, A., Yoshida, T., Zampa, G., and Zweerink, J.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The General Antiparticle Spectrometer (GAPS) is an Antarctic balloon experiment designed for low-energy (0.1$-$0.3 GeV/$n$) cosmic antinuclei as signatures of dark matter annihilation or decay. GAPS is optimized to detect low-energy antideuterons, as well as to provide unprecedented sensitivity to low-energy antiprotons and antihelium nuclei. The novel GAPS antiparticle detection technique, based on the formation, decay, and annihilation of exotic atoms, provides greater identification power for these low-energy antinuclei than previous magnetic spectrometer experiments. This work reports the sensitivity of GAPS to detect antihelium-3 nuclei, based on full instrument simulation, event reconstruction, and realistic atmospheric influence simulations. The report of antihelium nuclei candidate events by AMS-02 has generated considerable interest in antihelium nuclei as probes of dark matter and other beyond the Standard Model theories. GAPS is in a unique position to detect or set upper limits on the cosmic antihelium nuclei flux in an energy range that is essentially free of astrophysical background. In three 35-day long-duration balloon flights, GAPS will be sensitive to an antihelium flux on the level of $1.3^{+4.5}_{-1.2}\cdot 10^{-6}\mathrm{m^{-2}sr^{-1}s^{-1}}(\mathrm{GeV}/n)^{-1}$ (95% confidence level) in the energy range of 0.11$-$0.3 GeV/$n$, opening a new window on rare cosmic physics., Comment: Accepted for publication at Astroparticle Physics, 13 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2020
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24. Development of a $^{83\mathrm{m}}$Kr source for the calibration of the CENNS-10 Liquid Argon Detector

Author: COHERENT Collaboration, Akimov, D., An, P., Awe, C., Barbeau, P. S., Becker, B., Belov, V., Bernardi, I., Blackston, M. A., Blokland, L., Bolozdynya, A., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Chen, N., Chernyak, D., Conley, E., Daughhetee, J., Coello, M. del Valle, Detwiler, J. A., Durand, M. R., Efremenko, Y., Elliott, S. R., Fabris, L., Febbraro, M., Fox, W., Galindo-Uribarri, A., Rosso, A. Gallo, Green, M. P., Hansen, K. S., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Hughes, M., Johnson, T., Khromov, A., Konovalov, A., Kozlova, E., Kumpan, A., Li, L., Librande, J. T., Link, J. M., Liu, J., Mann, K., Markoff, D. M., McGoldrick, O., Mueller, P. E., Newby, J., Parno, D. S., Pentilla, S., Pershey, D., Radford, D., Rapp, R., Ray, H., Raybern, J., Razuvaeva, O., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Rudik, D., Runge, J., Salvat, D. J., Scholberg, K., Shakirov, A., Simakov, G., Snow, W. M., Sosnovtsev, V., Suh, B., Tayloe, R., Tellez-Giron-Flores, K., Thornton, R. T., Tolstukhin, I., Vanderwerp, J., Varner, R. L., Venkataraman, R., Virtue, C. J., Visser, G., Wiseman, C., Wongjirad, T., Yang, J., Yen, Y. -R., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., and Zettlemoyer, J.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We report on the preparation of and calibration measurements with a $^{83\mathrm{m}}$Kr source for the CENNS-10 liquid argon detector. $^{83\mathrm{m}}$Kr atoms generated in the decay of a $^{83}$Rb source were introduced into the detector via injection into the Ar circulation loop. Scintillation light arising from the 9.4 keV and 32.1 keV conversion electrons in the decay of $^{83\mathrm{m}}$Kr in the detector volume were then observed. This calibration source allows the characterization of the low-energy response of the CENNS-10 detector and is applicable to other low-energy-threshold detectors. The energy resolution of the detector was measured to be 9$\%$ at the total $^{83\mathrm{m}}$Kr decay energy of 41.5 keV. We performed an analysis to separately calibrate the detector using the two conversion electrons at 9.4 keV and 32.1 keV, Comment: v2: As accepted to JINST
Published: 2020
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25. Event Reconstruction in a Liquid Xenon Time Projection Chamber with an Optically-Open Field Cage

Author: Stiegler, T., Sangiorgio, S., Brodsky, J. P., Heffner, M., Kharusi, S. Al, Anton, G., Arnquist, I. J., Badhrees, I., Barbeau, P. S., Beck, D., Belov, V., Bhatta, T., Bolotnikov, A., Breur, P. A., Brown, E., Brunner, T., Caden, E., Cao, G. F., Cao, L., Chambers, C., Chana, B., Charlebois, S. A., Chiu, M., Cleveland, B., Coon, M., Craycraft, A., Dalmasson, J., Daniels, T., Darroch, L., Croix, A. De St., Der Mesrobian-Kabakian, A., Deslandes, K., DeVoe, R., Di Vacri, M. L., Dilling, J., Ding, Y. Y., Dolinski, M. J., Dragone, A., Echevers, J., Edaltafar, F., Elbeltagi, M., Fabris, L., Fairbank, D., Fairbank, W., Farine, J., Ferrara, S., Feyzbakhsh, S., Gallina, G., Gautam, P., Giacomini, G., Goeldi, D., Gornea, R., Gratta, G., Hansen, E. V., Hoppe, E. W., Hößl, J., House, A., Hughes, M., Iverson, A., Jamil, A., Jewell, M. J., Jiang, X. S., Karelin, A., Kaufman, L. J., Koffas, T., Krücken, R., Kuchenkov, A., Kumar, K. S., Lan, Y., Larson, A., Leach, K. G., Lenardo, B. G., Leonard, D. S., Li, G., Li, S., Li, Z., Licciardi, C., Lv, P., MacLellan, R., Massacret, N., McElroy, T., Medina-Peregrina, M., Michel, T., Mong, B., Moore, D. C., Murray, K., Nakarmi, P., Natzke, C. R., Newby, R. J., Ni, K., Ning, Z., Njoya, O., Nolet, F., Nusair, O., Odgers, K., Odian, A., Oriunno, M., Orrell, J. L., Ortega, G. S., Ostrovskiy, I., Overman, C. T., Parent, S., Piepke, A., Pocar, A., Pratte, J. -F., Radeka, V., Raguzin, E., Rescia, S., Retière, F., Richman, M., Robinson, A., Rossignol, T., Rowson, P. C., Roy, N., Saldanha, R., VIII, K. Skarpaas, Soma, A. K., St-Hilaire, G., Stekhanov, V., Sun, X. L., Tarka, M., Thibado, S., Tidball, A., Todd, J., Totev, T. I., Tsang, R., Tsang, T., Vachon, F., Veeraraghavan, V., Viel, S., Visser, G., Vivo-Vilches, C., Vuilleumier, J. -L., Wagenpfeil, M., Wager, T., Walent, M., Wang, Q., Wei, W., Wen, L. J., Wichoski, U., Worcester, M., Wu, S. X., Wu, W. H., Wu, X., Xia, Q., Yang, H., Yang, L., Zeldovich, O., Zhao, J., Zhou, Y., and Ziegler, T.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: nEXO is a proposed tonne-scale neutrinoless double beta decay ($0\nu\beta\beta$) experiment using liquid ${}^{136}Xe$ (LXe) in a Time Projection Chamber (TPC) to read out ionization and scintillation signals. Between the field cage and the LXe vessel, a layer of LXe ("skin" LXe) is present, where no ionization signal is collected. Only scintillation photons are detected, owing to the lack of optical barrier around the field cage. In this work, we show that the light originating in the skin LXe region can be used to improve background discrimination by 5% over previous published estimates. This improvement comes from two elements. First, a fraction of the $\gamma$-ray background is removed by identifying light from interactions with an energy deposition in the skin LXe. Second, background from ${}^{222}Rn$ dissolved in the skin LXe can be efficiently rejected by tagging the $\alpha$ decay in the ${}^{214}Bi-{}^{214}Po$ chain in the skin LXe., Comment: 11 pages, 12 figures
Published: 2020
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26. COHERENT Collaboration data release from the first detection of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering on argon

Author: COHERENT Collaboration, Akimov, D., Albert, J. B., An, P., Awe, C., Barbeau, P. S., Becker, B., Belov, V., Blackston, M. A., Blokland, L., Bolozdynya, A., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Chen, N., Chernyak, D., Conley, E., Cooper, R. L., Daughhetee, J., Coello, M. del Valle, Detwiler, J. A., Durand, M. R., Efremenko, Y., Elliott, S. R., Fabris, L., Febbraro, M., Fox, W., Galindo-Uribarri, A., Green, M. P., Hansen, K. S., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Hughes, M., Johnson, T., Kaemingk, M., Kaufman, L. J., Khromov, A., Konovalov, A., Kozlova, E., Kumpan, A., Li, L., Librande, J. T., Link, J. M., Liu, J., Mann, K., Markoff, D. M., McGoldrick, O., Moreno, H., Mueller, P. E., Newby, J., Parno, D. S., Penttila, S., Pershey, D., Radford, D., Rapp, R., Ray, H., Raybern, J., Razuvaeva, O., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Rudik, D., Runge, J., Salvat, D. J., Scholberg, K., Shakirov, A., Simakov, G., Sinev, G., Snow, W. M., Sosnovtsev, V., Suh, B., Tayloe, R., Tellez-Giron-Flores, K., Thornton, R. T., Tolstukhin, I., Vanderwerp, J., Varner, R. L., Virtue, C. J., Visser, G., Wiseman, C., Wongjirad, T., Yang, J., Yen, Y. -R., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., and Zettlemoyer, J.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Release of COHERENT collaboration data from the first detection of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) on argon. This release corresponds with the results of "Analysis A" published in Akimov et al., arXiv:2003.10630 [nucl-ex]. Data is shared in a binned, text-based format representing both "signal" and "backgrounds" along with associated uncertainties such that the included data can be used to perform independent analyses. This document describes the contents of the data release as well as guidance on the use of the data. Included example code in C++ (ROOT) and Python show one possible use of the included data., Comment: Update document with arXiv ID number in requested citation
Published: 2020
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27. First Measurement of Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering on Argon

Author: COHERENT Collaboration, Akimov, D., Albert, J. B., An, P., Awe, C., Barbeau, P. S., Becker, B., Belov, V., Blackston, M. A., Blokland, L., Bolozdynya, A., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Chen, N., Chernyak, D., Conley, E., Cooper, R. L., Daughhetee, J., Coello, M. del Valle, Detwiler, J. A., Durand, M. R., Efremenko, Y., Elliott, S. R., Fabris, L., Febbraro, M., Fox, W., Galindo-Uribarri, A., Green, M. P., Hansen, K. S., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Hughes, M., Johnson, T., Kaemingk, M., Kaufman, L. J., Khromov, A., Konovalov, A., Kozlova, E., Kumpan, A., Li, L., Librande, J. T., Link, J. M., Liu, J., Mann, K., Markoff, D. M., McGoldrick, O., Moreno, H., Mueller, P. E., Newby, J., Parno, D. S., Penttila, S., Pershey, D., Radford, D., Rapp, R., Ray, H., Raybern, J., Razuvaeva, O., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Rudik, D., Runge, J., Salvat, D. J., Scholberg, K., Shakirov, A., Simakov, G., Sinev, G., Snow, W. M., Sosnovtsev, V., Suh, B., Tayloe, R., Tellez-Giron-Flores, K., Thornton, R. T., Tolstukhin, I., Vanderwerp, J., Varner, R. L., Virtue, C. J., Visser, G., Wiseman, C., Wongjirad, T., Yang, J., Yen, Y. -R., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., and Zettlemoyer, J.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: We report the first measurement of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (\cevns) on argon using a liquid argon detector at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Spallation Neutron Source. Two independent analyses prefer \cevns over the background-only null hypothesis with greater than $3\sigma$ significance. The measured cross section, averaged over the incident neutrino flux, is (2.2 $\pm$ 0.7) $\times$10$^{-39}$ cm$^2$ -- consistent with the standard model prediction. The neutron-number dependence of this result, together with that from our previous measurement on CsI, confirms the existence of the \cevns process and provides improved constraints on non-standard neutrino interactions., Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures with 2 pages, 6 figures supplementary material V3: fixes to figs 3,4 V4: fix typo in table 1, V5: replaced missing appendix, V6: fix Eq 1, new fig 3, V7 final version, updated with final revisions
Published: 2020
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28. Cosmic-ray Antinuclei as Messengers of New Physics: Status and Outlook for the New Decade

Author: von Doetinchem, P., Perez, K., Aramaki, T., Baker, S., Barwick, S., Bird, R., Boezio, M., Boggs, S. E., Cui, M., Datta, A., Donato, F., Evoli, C., Fabris, L., Fabbietti, L., Bueno, E. Ferronato, Fornengo, N., Fuke, H., Gerrity, C., Coral, D. Gomez, Hailey, C., Hooper, D., Kachelriess, M., Korsmeier, M., Kozai, M., Lea, R., Li, N., Lowell, A., Manghisoni, M., Moskalenko, I. V., Munini, R., Naskret, M., Nelson, T., Ng, K. C. Y., Nozzoli, F., Oliva, A., Ong, R. A., Osteria, G., Pierog, T., Poulin, V., Profumo, S., Poeschl, T., Quinn, S., Re, V., Rogers, F., Ryan, J., Saffold, N., Sakai, K., Salati, P., Schael, S., Serksnyte, L., Shukla, A., Stoessl, A., Tjemsland, J., Vannuccini, E., Vecchi, M., Winkler, M. W., Wright, D., Xiao, M., Xu, W., Yoshida, T., Zampa, G., and Zuccon, P.
Subjects: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract: The precise measurement of cosmic-ray antinuclei serves as an important means for identifying the nature of dark matter and other new astrophysical phenomena, and could be used with other cosmic-ray species to understand cosmic-ray production and propagation in the Galaxy. For instance, low-energy antideuterons would provide a "smoking gun" signature of dark matter annihilation or decay, essentially free of astrophysical background. Studies in recent years have emphasized that models for cosmic-ray antideuterons must be considered together with the abundant cosmic antiprotons and any potential observation of antihelium. Therefore, a second dedicated Antideuteron Workshop was organized at UCLA in March 2019, bringing together a community of theorists and experimentalists to review the status of current observations of cosmic-ray antinuclei, the theoretical work towards understanding these signatures, and the potential of upcoming measurements to illuminate ongoing controversies. This review aims to synthesize this recent work and present implications for the upcoming decade of antinuclei observations and searches. This includes discussion of a possible dark matter signature in the AMS-02 antiproton spectrum, the most recent limits from BESS Polar-II on the cosmic antideuteron flux, and reports of candidate antihelium events by AMS-02; recent collider and cosmic-ray measurements relevant for antinuclei production models; the state of cosmic-ray transport models in light of AMS-02 and Voyager data; and the prospects for upcoming experiments, such as GAPS. This provides a roadmap for progress on cosmic antinuclei signatures of dark matter in the coming years., Comment: 45 pages, 14 figures
Published: 2020
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29. Reflectance of Silicon Photomultipliers at Vacuum Ultraviolet Wavelengths

Author: Lv, P., Cao, G. F., Wen, L. J., Kharusi, S. Al, Anton, G., Arnquist, I. J., Badhrees, I., Barbeau, P. S., Beck, D., Belov, V., Bhatta, T., Breur, P. A., Brodsky, J. P., Brown, E., Brunner, T., Mamahit, S. Byrne, Caden, E., Cao, L., Chambers, C., Chana, B., Charlebois, S. A., Chiu, M., Cleveland, B., Coon, M., Craycraft, A., Dalmasson, J., Daniels, T., Darroch, L., Croix, A. De St., Der Mesrobian-Kabakian, A., Deslandes, K., DeVoe, R., Di Vacri, M. L., Dilling, J., Ding, Y. Y., Dolinski, M. J., Doria, L., Dragone, A., Echevers, J., Edaltafar, F., Elbeltagi, M., Fabris, L., Fairbank, D., Fairbank, W., Farine, J., Ferrara, S., Feyzbakhsh, S., Fucarino, A., Gallina, G., Gautam, P., Giacomini, G., Goeldi, D., Gornea, R., Gratta, G., Hansen, E. V., Heffner, M., Hoppe, E. W., Hößl, J., House, A., Hughes, M., Iverson, A., Jamil, A., Jewell, M. J., Jiang, X. S., Karelin, A., Kaufman, L. J., Koffas, T., Krücken, R., Kuchenkov, A., Kumar, K. S., Lan, Y., Larson, A., Leach, K. G., Lenardo, B. G., Leonard, D. S., Li, G., Li, S., Li, Z., Licciardi, C., MacLellan, R., Massacret, N., McElroy, T., Medina-Peregrina, M., Michel, T., Mong, B., Moore, D. C., Murray, K., Nakarmi, P., Natzke, C. R., Newby, R. J., Ning, Z., Njoya, O., Nolet, F., Nusair, O., Odgers, K., Odian, A., Oriunno, M., Orrell, J. L., Ortega, G. S., Ostrovskiy, I., Overman, C. T., Parent, S., Piepke, A., Pocar, A., Pratte, J. -F., Radeka, V., Raguzin, E., Rescia, S., Retière, F., Richman, M., Robinson, A., Rossignol, T., Rowson, P. C., Roy, N., Runge, J., Saldanha, R., Sangiorgio, S., VIII, K. Skarpaas, Soma, A. K., St-Hilaire, G., Stekhanov, V., Stiegler, T., Sun, X. L., Tarka, M., Todd, J., Totev, T. I., Tsang, R., Tsang, T., Vachon, F., Veeraraghavan, V., Viel, S., Visser, G., Vivo-Vilches, C., Vuilleumier, J. -L., Wagenpfeil, M., Wager, T., Walent, M., Wang, Q., Watkins, J., Wei, W., Wichoski, U., Wu, S. X., Wu, W. H., Wu, X., Xia, Q., Yang, H., Yang, L., Zeldovich, O., Zhao, J., Zhou, Y., and Ziegler, T.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Characterization of the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) reflectance of silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) is important for large-scale SiPM-based photodetector systems. We report the angular dependence of the specular reflectance in a vacuum of SiPMs manufactured by Fondazionc Bruno Kessler (FBK) and Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. (HPK) over wavelengths ranging from 120 nm to 280 nm. Refractive index and extinction coefficient of the thin silicon-dioxide film deposited on the surface of the FBK SiPMs are derived from reflectance data of a FBK silicon wafer with the same deposited oxide film as SiPMs. The diffuse reflectance of SiPMs is also measured at 193 nm. We use the VUV spectral dependence of the optical constants to predict the reflectance of the FBK silicon wafer and FBK SiPMs in liquid xenon.
Published: 2019
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30. Measurements of electron transport in liquid and gas Xenon using a laser-driven photocathode

Author: Njoya, O., Tsang, T., Tarka, M., Fairbank, W., Kumar, K. S., Rao, T., Wager, T., Kharusi, S. Al, Anton, G., Arnquist, I. J., Badhrees, I., Barbeau, P. S., Beck, D., Belov, V., Bhatta, T., Brodsky, J. P., Brown, E., Brunner, T., Caden, E., Cao, G. F., Cao, L., Cen, W. R., Chambers, C., Chana, B., Charlebois, S. A., Chiu, M., Cleveland, B., Coon, M., Craycraft, A., Dalmasson, J., Daniels, T., Darroch, L., Daugherty, S. J., Croix, A. De St., Der Mesrobian-Kabakian, A., DeVoe, R., Di Vacri, M. L., Dilling, J., Ding, Y. Y., Dolinski, M. J., Dragone, A., Echevers, J., Elbeltagi, M., Fabris, L., Fairbank, D., Farine, J., Ferrara, S., Feyzbakhsh, S., Fontaine, R., Fucarino, A., Gallina, G., Gautam, P., Giacomini, G., Goeldi, D., Gornea, R., Gratta, G., Hansen, E. V., Heffner, M., Hoppe, E. W., Hossl, J., House, A., Hughes, M., Iverson, A., Jamil, A., Jewell, M. J., Jiang, X. S., Karelin, A., Kaufman, L. J., Kodroff, D., Koffas, T., Krucken, R., Kuchenkov, A., Lan, Y., Larson, A., Leach, K. G., Lenardo, B. G., Leonard, D. S., Li, G., Li, S., Li, Z., Licciardi, C., Lin, Y. H., Lv, P., MacLellan, R., McElroy, T., Medina-Peregrina, M., Michel, T., Mong, B., Moore, D. C., Murray, K., Nakarmi, P., Natzke, C. R., Newby, R. J., Ning, Z., Nolet, F., Nusair, O., Odgers, K., Odian, A., Oriunno, M., Orrell, J. L., Ortega, G. S., Ostrovskiy, I., Overman, C. T., Parent, S., Piepke, A., Pocar, A., Pratte, J. -F., Radeka, V., Raguzin, E., Rescia, S., Retiere, F., Richman, M., Robinson, A., Rossignol, T., Rowson, P. C., Roy, N., Runge, J., Saldanha, R., Sangiorgio, S., VIII, K. Skarpaas, Soma, A. K., St-Hilaire, G., Stekhanov, V., Stiegler, T., Sun, X. L., Todd, J., Tolba, T., Totev, T. I., Tsang, R., Vachon, F., Veeraraghavan, V., Viel, S., Visser, G., Vivo-Vilches, C., Vuilleumier, J. -L., Wagenpfeil, M., Walent, M., Wang, Q., Ward, M., Watkins, J., Weber, M., Wei, W., Wen, L. J., Wichoski, U., Wu, S. X., Wu, W. H., Wu, X., Xia, Q., Yang, H., Yang, L., Yen, Y. -R., Zeldovich, O., Zhao, J., Zhou, Y., and Ziegler, T.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Measurements of electron drift properties in liquid and gaseous xenon are reported. The electrons are generated by the photoelectric effect in a semi-transparent gold photocathode driven in transmission mode with a pulsed ultraviolet laser. The charges drift and diffuse in a small chamber at various electric fields and a fixed drift distance of 2.0 cm. At an electric field of 0.5 kV/cm, the measured drift velocities and corresponding temperature coefficients respectively are $1.97 \pm 0.04$ mm/$\mu$s and $(-0.69\pm0.05)$\%/K for liquid xenon, and $1.42 \pm 0.03$ mm/$\mu$s and $(+0.11\pm0.01)$\%/K for gaseous xenon at 1.5 bar. In addition, we measure longitudinal diffusion coefficients of $25.7 \pm 4.6$ cm$^2$/s and $149 \pm 23$ cm$^2$/s, for liquid and gas, respectively. The quantum efficiency of the gold photocathode is studied at the photon energy of 4.73 eV in liquid and gaseous xenon, and vacuum. These charge transport properties and the behavior of photocathodes in a xenon environment are important in designing and calibrating future large scale noble liquid detectors.
Published: 2019
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31. Sensitivity of the COHERENT Experiment to Accelerator-Produced Dark Matter

Author: COHERENT Collaboration, Akimov, D., An, P., Awe, C., Barbeau, P. S., Becker, B., Belov, V., Blackston, M. A., Bolozdynya, A., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Chen, N., Conley, E., Cooper, R. L., Daughhetee, J., Coello, M. del Valle, Detwiler, J. A., Durand, M. R., Efremenko, Y., Elliott, S. R., Fabris, L., Febbraro, M., Fox, W., Galindo-Uribarri, A., Green, M. P., Hansen, K. S., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Johnson, T., Kaemingk, M., Kaufman, L. J., Khromov, A., Konovalov, A., Kozlova, E., Kumpan, A., Li, L., Librande, J. T., Link, J. M., Liu, J., Mann, K., Markoff, D. M., Moreno, H., Mueller, P. E., Newby, J., Parno, D. S., Penttila, S., Pershey, D., Radford, D., Rapp, R., Ray, H., Raybern, J., Razuvaeva, O., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Rudik, D., Runge, J., Salvat, D. J., Scholberg, K., Shakirov, A., Simakov, G., Sinev, G., Snow, W. M., Sosnovtsev, V., Suh, B., Tayloe, R., Tellez-Giron-Flores, K., Thornton, R. T., Tolstukhin, I., Vanderwerp, J., Varner, R. L., Virtue, C. J., Visser, G., Wiseman, C., Wongjirad, T., Yang, J., Yen, Y. -R., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., and Zettlemoyer, J.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The COHERENT experiment is well poised to test sub-GeV dark matter models using low-energy recoil detectors sensitive to coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) in the $\pi$-DAR neutrino beam produced by the Spallation Neutron Source. We show how a planned 750-kg liquid argon scintillation detector would place leading limits on scalar light dark matter models, over two orders of magnitude of dark matter mass, for dark matter particles produced through vector and leptophobic portals in the absence of other effects beyond the standard model. The characteristic timing structure of a $\pi$-DAR beam allows a unique opportunity for constraining systematic uncertainties on the standard model background in a time window where signal is not expected, enhancing expected sensitivity. Additionally, we discuss future prospects, further increasing the discovery potential of CEvNS detectors. Such methods would test the calculated thermal dark matter abundance for all couplings $\alpha'\leq1$ within the vector portal model over an order of magnitude of dark matter masses.
Published: 2019
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32. Reflectivity and PDE of VUV4 Hamamatsu SiPMs in Liquid Xenon

Author: Nakarmi, P., Ostrovskiy, I., Soma, A. K., Retiere, F., Kharusi, S. Al, Alfaris, M., Anton, G., Arnquist, I. J., Badhrees, I., Barbeau, P. S., Beck, D., Belov, V., Bhatta, T., Blatchford, J., Breur, P. A., Brodsky, J. P., Brown, E., Brunner, T., Mamahit, S. Byrne, Caden, E., Cao, G. F., Cao, L., Chambers, C., Chana, B., Charlebois, S. A., Chiu, M., Cleveland, B., Coon, M., Craycraft, A., Dalmasson, J., Daniels, T., Darroch, L., Croix, A. De St., Der Mesrobian-Kabakian, A., DeVoe, R., Di Vacri, M. L., Dilling, J., Ding, Y. Y., Dolinski, M. J., Doria, L., Dragone, A., Echevers, J., Edaltafar, F., Elbeltagi, M., Fabris, L., Fairbank, D., Fairbank, W., Farine, J., Ferrara, S., Feyzbakhsh, S., Fontaine, R., Fucarino, A., Gallina, G., Gautam, P., Giacomini, G., Goeldi, D., Gornea, R., Gratta, G., Hansen, E. V., Heffner, M., Hoppe, E. W., Hößle, J., House, A., Hughes, M., Iverson, A., Jamil, A., Jewell, M. J., Jiang, X. S., Karelin, A., Kaufman, L. J., Koffas, T., Krücken, R., Kuchenkov, A., Kumar, K. S., Lan, Y., Larson, A., Leach, K. G., Lenardo, B. G., Leonard, D. S., Li, G., Li, S., Li, Z., Licciardi, C., Lv, P., MacLellan, R., Massacret, N., McElroy, T., Medina-Peregrina, M., Michel, T., Mong, B., Moore, D. C., Murray, K., Natzke, C. R., Newby, R. J., Ning, Z., Njoya, O., Nolet, F., Nusair, O., Odgers, K., Odian, A., Oriunno, M., Orrell, l J. L., Ortega, G. S., Overman, C. T., Parent, S., Piepke, A., Pocar, A., Pratte, J. -F., Radeka, V., Raguzin, E., Rescia, S., Richman, M., Robinson, A., Rossignol, T., Rowson, P. C., Roy, N., Runge, J., Saldanha, R., Sangiorgio, S., VIII, K. Skarpaas, St-Hilaire, G., Stekhanov, r V., Stiegler, T., Sun, X. L., Tarka, M., Todd, J., Totev, T. I., Tsang, R., Tsang, T., Vachon, F., Veeraraghavan, V., Viel, S., Visser, G., Vivo-Vilches, C., Vuilleumier, J. -L., Wagenpfeil, M., Wager, T., Walent, M., Wang, Q., Ward, M., Watkins, J., Weber, M., Wei, W., Wen, L. J., Wichoski, U., Wu, S. X., Wu, W. H., Wu, X., Xia, Q., Yang, H., Yang, L., Zeldovich, O., Zhao, J., Zhou, Y., and Ziegler, T.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: Understanding reflective properties of materials and photodetection efficiency (PDE) of photodetectors is important for optimizing energy resolution and sensitivity of the next generation neutrinoless double beta decay, direct detection dark matter, and neutrino oscillation experiments that will use noble liquid gases, such as nEXO, DARWIN, DarkSide-20k, and DUNE. Little information is currently available about reflectivity and PDE in liquid noble gases, because such measurements are difficult to conduct in a cryogenic environment and at short enough wavelengths. Here we report a measurement of specular reflectivity and relative PDE of Hamamatsu VUV4 silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) with 50 micrometer micro-cells conducted with xenon scintillation light (~175 nm) in liquid xenon. The specular reflectivity at 15 deg. incidence of three samples of VUV4 SiPMs is found to be 30.4+/-1.4%, 28.6+/-1.3%, and 28.0+/-1.3%, respectively. The PDE at normal incidence differs by +/-8% (standard deviation) among the three devices. The angular dependence of the reflectivity and PDE was also measured for one of the SiPMs. Both the reflectivity and PDE decrease as the angle of incidence increases. This is the first measurement of an angular dependence of PDE and reflectivity of a SiPM in liquid xenon., Comment: 21 pages, 15 figures, 6 tables. As accepted by JINST
Published: 2019
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33. First Constraint on Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering in Argon

Author: COHERENT Collaboration, Akimov, D., Albert, J. B., An, P., Awe, C., Barbeau, P. S., Becker, B., Belov, V., Blackston, M. A., Bolozdynya, A., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Cervantes, M., Collar, J. I., Cooper, R. L., Daughhetee, J., Coello, M. del Valle, Detwiler, J. A., D'Onofrio, M., Efremenko, Y., Erkela, E. M., Elliott, S. R., Fabris, L., Febbraro, M., Fox, W., Galindo-Uribarri, A., Green, M. P., Hansen, K. S., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Johnson, T., Kaemingk, M., Kaufman, L. J., Khromov, A., Konovalov, A., Kozlova, E., Kumpan, A., Li, L., Librande, J. T., Link, J. M., Liu, J., Mann, K., Markoff, D. M., Moreno, H., Mueller, P. E., Newby, J., Parno, D. S., Penttila, S., Pershey, D., Radford, D., Rapp, R., Ray, H., Raybern, J., Razuvaeva, O., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Rudik, D., Runge, J., Salvat, D. J., Scholberg, K., Shakirov, A., Simakov, G., Sinev, G., Snow, W. M., Sosnovtsev, V., Suh, B., Tayloe, R., Tellez-Giron-Flores, K., Thornton, R. T., Tolstukhin, I., Vanderwerp, J., Varner, R. L., Virtue, C. J., Visser, G., Wiseman, C., Wongjirad, T., Yang, J., Yen, Y. -R., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., and Zettlemoyer, J.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) is the dominant neutrino scattering channel for neutrinos of energy $E_\nu < 100$ MeV. We report a limit for this process using data collected in an engineering run of the 29 kg CENNS-10 liquid argon detector located 27.5 m from the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) Hg target with $4.2\times 10^{22}$ protons on target. The dataset yielded $< 7.4$ observed CEvNS events implying a cross section for the process, averaged over the SNS pion decay-at-rest flux, of $<3.4 \times 10^{-39}$ cm$^{2}$, a limit within twice the Standard Model prediction. This is the first limit on CEvNS from an argon nucleus and confirms the earlier CsI non-standard neutrino interaction constraints from the collaboration. This run demonstrated the feasibility of the ongoing experimental effort to detect CEvNS with liquid argon.
Published: 2019
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34. GAPS: Searching for Dark Matter using Antinuclei in Cosmic Rays

Author: Bird, R., Aramaki, T., Boezio, M., Boggs, S. E., Bonvicini, V., Campana, D., Craig, W. W., Everson, E., Fabris, L., Fuke, H., Gahbauer, F., Garcia, I., Gerrity, C., Hailey, C. J., Hayashi, T., Kato, C., Kawachi, A., Kondo, M., Kozai, M., Lowell, A., Manghisoni, M., Marcelli, N., Martucci, M., Mognet, S. I., Munakata, K., Munini, R., Okazaki, S., Olson, J., Ong, R. A., Osteria, G., Perez, K., Quinn, S., Re, V., Riceputi, E., Rogers, F., Ryan, J. L., Saffold, N., Scotti, V., Shimizu, Y., Sparvoli, R., Stoessl, A., Takeuchi, S., Vannuccini, E., von Doetinchem, P., Wada, T., Xiao, M., Yoshida, A., Yoshida, T., Zampa, G., and Zweerink, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The General Antiparticle Spectrometer (GAPS) will carry out a sensitive dark matter search by measuring low-energy ($\mathrm{E} < 0.25 \mathrm{GeV/nucleon}$) cosmic ray antinuclei. The primary targets are low-energy antideuterons produced in the annihilation or decay of dark matter. At these energies antideuterons from secondary/tertiary interactions are expected to have very low fluxes, significantly below those predicted by well-motivated, beyond the standard model theories. GAPS will also conduct low-energy antiproton and antihelium searches. Combined, these observations will provide a powerful search for dark matter and provide the best observations to date on primordial black hole evaporation on Galactic length scales. The GAPS instrument detects antinuclei using the novel exotic atom technique. It consists of a central tracker with a surrounding time-of-flight (TOF) system. The tracker is a one cubic meter volume containing 10 cm-diameter lithium-drifted silicon (Si(Li)) detectors. The TOF is a plastic scintillator system that will both trigger the Si(Li) tracker and enable better reconstruction of particle tracks. After coming to rest in the tracker, antinuclei will form an excited exotic atom. This will then de-excite via characteristic X-ray transitions before producing a pion/proton star when the antiparticle annihilates with the nucleus. This unique event topology will give GAPS the nearly background-free detection capability required for a rare-event search. Here we present the scientific motivation for the GAPS experiment, its design and its current status as it prepares for flight in the austral summer of 2021-22., Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures, Proc. 36th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2019), Madison, USA
Published: 2019

35. Simulation of charge readout with segmented tiles in nEXO

Author: Li, Z., Cen, W. R., Robinson, A., Moore, D. C., Wen, L. J., Odian, A., Kharusi, S. Al, Anton, G., Arnquist, I. J., Badhrees, I., Barbeau, P. S., Beck, D., Belov, V., Bhatta, T., Brodsky, J. P., Brown, E., Brunner, T., Caden, E., Cao, G. F., Cao, L., Chambers, C., Chana, B., Charlebois, S. A., Chiu, M., Cleveland, B., Coon, M., Craycraft, A., Dalmasson, J., Daniels, T., Darroch, L., Daugherty, S. J., Croix, A. De St., Der Mesrobian-Kabakian, A., DeVoe, R., Di Vacri, M. L., Dilling, J., Ding, Y. Y., Dolinski, M. J., Dragone, A., Echevers, J., Elbeltagi, M., Fabris, L., Fairbank, D., Fairbank, W., Farine, J., Ferrara, S., Feyzbakhsh, S., Fontaine, R., Fucarino, A., Gallina, G., Gautam, P., Giacomini, G., Goeldi, D., Gornea, R., Gratta, G., Hansen, E. V., Heffner, M., Hoppe, E. W., Hößl, J., House, A., Hughes, M., Iverson, A., Jamil, A., Jewell, M. J., Jiang, X. S., Karelin, A., Kaufman, L. J., Kodroff, D., Koffas, T., Krücken, R., Kuchenkov, A., Kumar, K. S., Lan, Y., Larson, A., Leach, K. G., Lenardo, B. G., Leonard, D. S., Li, G., Li, S., Licciardi, C., Lin, Y. H., Lv, P., MacLellan, R., McElroy, T., Medina-Peregrina, M., Michel, T., Mong, B., Murray, K., Nakarmi, P., Natzke, C. R., Newby, R. J., Ning, Z., Njoya, O., Nolet, F., Nusair, O., Odgers, K., Oriunno, M., Orrell, J. L., Ortega, G. S., Ostrovskiy, I., Overman, C. T., Parent, S., Piepke, A., Pocar, A., Pratte, J. -F., Radeka, V., Raguzin, E., Rescia, S., Retière, F., Richman, M., Rossignol, T., Rowson, P. C., Roy, N., Runge, J., Saldanha, R., Sangiorgio, S., VIII, K. Skarpaas, Soma, A. K., St-Hilaire, G., Stekhanov, V., Stiegler, T., Sun, X. L., Tarka, M., Todd, J., Tolba, T., Totev, T. I., Tsang, R., Tsang, T., Vachon, F., Veeraraghavan, V., Viel, S., Visser, G., Vivo-Vilches, C., Vuilleumier, J. -L., Wagenpfeil, M., Walent, M., Wang, Q., Ward, M., Watkins, J., Weber, M., Wei, W., Wichoski, U., Wu, S. X., Wu, W. H., Wu, X., Xia, Q., Yang, H., Yang, L., Yen, Y. -R., Zeldovich, O., Zhao, J., Zhou, Y., and Ziegler, T.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: nEXO is a proposed experiment to search for the neutrino-less double beta decay ($0\nu\beta\beta$) of $^{136}$Xe in a tonne-scale liquid xenon time projection chamber (TPC). The nEXO TPC will be equipped with charge collection tiles to form the anode. In this work, the charge reconstruction performance of this anode design is studied with a dedicated simulation package. A multi-variate method and a deep neural network are developed to distinguish simulated $0\nu\beta\beta$ signals from backgrounds arising from trace levels of natural radioactivity in the detector materials. These simulations indicate that the nEXO TPC with charge-collection tiles shows promising capability to discriminate the $0\nu\beta\beta$ signal from backgrounds. The estimated half-life sensitivity for $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay is improved by $\sim$20$~(32)\%$ with the multi-variate~(deep neural network) methods considered here, relative to the sensitivity estimated in the nEXO pre-conceptual design report.
Published: 2019
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36. Characterization of the Hamamatsu VUV4 MPPCs for nEXO

Author: Gallina, G., Giampa, P., Retiere, F., Kroeger, J., Zhang, G., Ward, M., Margetak, P., Lic, G., Tsang, T., Doria, L., Kharusi, S. Al, Alfaris, M., Anton, G., Arnquist, I. J., Badhrees, I., Barbeau, P. S., Beck, D., Belov, V., Bhatta, T., Blatchford, J., Brodsky, J. P., Brown, E., Brunner, T., Cao, G. F., Cao, L., Cen, W. R., Chambers, C., Charlebois, S. A., Chiu, M., Cleveland, B., Coon, M., Craycraft, A., Dalmasson, J., Daniels, T., Darroch, L., Daugherty, S. J., Croix, A. De St., Der Mesrobian-Kabakian, A., DeVoe, R., Dilling, J., Ding, Y. Y., Dolinski, M. J., Dragone, A., Echevers, J., Elbeltagi, M., Fabris, L., Fairbank, D., Fairbank, W., Farine, J., Feyzbakhsh, S., Fontaine, R., Gautam, P., Giacomini, G., Gornea, R., Gratta, G., Hansen, E. V., Heffner, M., Hoppe, E. W., Hoßl, J., House, A., Hughes, M., Ito, Y., Iverson, A., Jamil, A., Jewell, M. J., Jiang, X. S., Karelin, A., Kaufman, L. J., Kodroff, D., Koffas, T., Krucken, R., Kuchenkov, A., Kumar, K. S., Lana, Y., Larson, A., Lenardo, B. G., Leonarda, D. S., Lik, S., Li, Z., Licciardi, C., Linw, Y. H., Lv, P., MacLellan, R., McElroy, T., Medina-Peregrina, M., Michel, T., Mong, B., Moore, D. C., Murray, K., Nakarmi, P., Newby, R. J., Ning, Z., Njoya, O., Nolet, F., Nusair, O., Odgers, K., Odian, A., Oriunno, M., Orrell, J. L., Ortega, G. S., Ostrovskiy, I., Overman, C. T., Parent, S., Piepkez, A., Pocar, A., Pratte, J. -F., Qiu, D., Radeka, V., Raguzin, E., Rescia, S., Richman, M., Robinson, A., Rossignol, T., Rowson, P. C., Roy, N., Saldanha, R., Sangiorgio, S., VIII, K. Skarpaas, Soma, A. K., St-Hilaire, G., Stekhanov, V., Stiegler, T., Sun, X. L., Tarka, M., Todd, J., Tolba, T., Totev, T. I., Tsang, R., Vachon, F., Veeraraghavan, V., Visser, G., Vuilleumier, J. -L., Wagenpfeil, M., Walent, M., Wang, Q., Watkins, J., Weber, M., Wei, W., Wen, L. J., Wichoski, U., Wu, S. X., Wu, W. H., Wu, X., Xia, Q., Yang, H., Yang, L., Yen, Y. -R., Zeldovich, O., Zhao, J., Zhou, Y., and Ziegler, T.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: In this paper we report on the characterization of the Hamamatsu VUV4 (S/N: S13370-6152) Vacuum Ultra-Violet (VUV) sensitive Silicon Photo-Multipliers (SiPMs) as part of the development of a solution for the detection of liquid xenon scintillation light for the nEXO experiment. Various SiPM features, such as: dark noise, gain, correlated avalanches, direct crosstalk and Photon Detection Efficiency (PDE) were measured in a dedicated setup at TRIUMF. SiPMs were characterized in the range $163 \text{ } \text{K} \leq \text{T}\leq 233 \text{ } \text{K}$. At an over voltage of $3.1\pm0.2$ V and at $\text{T}=163 \text{ }\text{K}$ we report a number of Correlated Avalanches (CAs) per pulse in the $1 \upmu\text{s}$ interval following the trigger pulse of $0.161\pm0.005$. At the same settings the Dark-Noise (DN) rate is $0.137\pm0.002 \text{ Hz/mm}^{2}$. Both the number of CAs and the DN rate are within nEXO specifications. The PDE of the Hamamatsu VUV4 was measured for two different devices at $\text{T}=233 \text{ }\text{K}$ for a mean wavelength of $189\pm7\text{ nm}$. At $3.6\pm0.2$ V and $3.5\pm0.2$ V of over voltage we report a PDE of $13.4\pm2.6\text{ }\%$ and $11\pm2\%$, corresponding to a saturation PDE of $14.8\pm2.8\text{ }\%$ and $12.2\pm2.3\%$, respectively. Both values are well below the $24\text{ }\%$ saturation PDE advertised by Hamamatsu. More generally, the second device tested at $3.5\pm0.2$ V of over voltage is below the nEXO PDE requirement. The first one instead yields a PDE that is marginally close to meeting the nEXO specifications. This suggests that with modest improvements the Hamamatsu VUV4 MPPCs could be considered as an alternative to the FBK-LF SiPMs for the final design of the nEXO detector.
Published: 2019
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37. GAPS, low-energy antimatter for indirect dark-matter search

Author: Vannuccini, E., Aramaki, T., Bird, R., Boezio, M., Boggs, S. E., Bonvicini, V., Campana, D., Craig, W. W., von Doetinchem, P., Everson, E., Fabris, L., Gahbauer, F., Gerrity, C., Fuke, H., Hailey, C. J., Hayashi, T., Kato, C., Kawachi, A., Kozai, M., Lowell, A., Martucci, M., Mognet, S. I., Munini, R., Munakata, K., Okazaki, S., Ong, R. A., Osteria, G., Perez, K., Quinn, S., Ryan, J., Re, V., Rogers, F., Saffold, N., Shimizu, Y., Sparvoli, R., Stoessl, A., Yoshida, A., Yoshida, T., Zampa, G., and Zweerink, J.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The General Antiparticle Spectrometer (GAPS) is designed to carry out indirect dark matter search by measuring low-energy cosmic-ray antiparticles. Below a few GeVs the flux of antiparticles produced by cosmic-ray collisions with the interstellar medium is expected to be very low and several well-motivated beyond-standard models predict a sizable contribution to the antideuteron flux. GAPS is planned to fly on a long-duration balloon over Antarctica in the austral summer of 2020. The primary detector is a 1m3 central volume containing planes of Si(Li) detectors. This volume is surrounded by a time-of-flight system to both trigger the Si(Li) detector and reconstruct the particle tracks. The detection principle of the experiment relies on the identification of the antiparticle annihilation pattern. Low energy antiparticles slow down in the apparatus and they are captured in the medium to form exotic excited atoms, which de-excite by emitting characteristic X-rays. Afterwards they undergo nuclear annihilation, resulting in a star of pions and protons. The simultaneous measurement of the stopping depth and the dE/dx loss of the primary antiparticle, of the X-ray energies and of the star particle-multiplicity provides very high rejection power, that is critical in rare-event search. GAPS will be able to perform a precise measurement of the cosmic antiproton flux below 250 MeV, as well as a sensitive search for antideuterons., Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, Low Energy Antiproton Physics Conference (LEAP) 2018, Paris (France)
Published: 2018

38. GAPS: A New Cosmic Ray Anti-matter Experiment

Author: Quinn, S., Aramaki, T., Bird, R., Boezio, M., Boggs, S. E., Bonvicini, V., Campana, D., Craig, W. W., von Doetinchem, P., Everson, E., Fabris, L., Gahbauer, F., Gerrity, C., Fuke, H., Hailey, C. J., Hayashi, T., Kato, C., Kawachi, A., Kozai, M., Lowell, A., Martucci, M., Mognet, S. I., Munini, R., Munakata, K., Okazaki, S., Ong, R. A., Osteria, G., Perez, K., Ryan, J., Re, V., Rogers, F., Saffold, N., Shimizu, Y., Sparvoli, R., Stoessl, A., Vannuccini, E., Yoshida, A., Yoshida, T., Zampa, G., and Zweerink, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The General AntiParticle Spectrometer (GAPS) is a balloon-borne instrument designed to detect cosmic-ray antimatter using the novel exotic atom technique, obviating the strong magnetic fields required by experiments like AMS, PAMELA, or BESS. It will be sensitive to primary antideuterons with kinetic energies of $\approx0.05-0.2$ GeV/nucleon, providing some overlap with the previously mentioned experiments at the highest energies. For $3\times35$ day balloon flights, and standard classes of primary antideuteron propagation models, GAPS will be sensitive to $m_{\mathrm{DM}}\approx10-100$ GeV c$^{-2}$ WIMPs with a dark-matter flux to astrophysical flux ratio approaching 100. This clean primary channel is a key feature of GAPS and is crucial for a rare event search. Additionally, the antiproton spectrum will be extended with high statistics measurements to cover the $0.07 \leq E \leq 0.25 $ GeV domain. For $E>0.2$ GeV GAPS data will be complementary to existing experiments, while $E<0.2$ GeV explores a new regime. The first flight is scheduled for late 2020 in Antarctica. These proceedings will describe the astrophysical processes and backgrounds relevant to the dark matter search, a brief discussion of detector operation, and construction progress made to date., Comment: Talk presented CIPANP2018. 13 pages, LaTeX, 7 figures. Higher resolution figs at http://gaps1.astro.ucla.edu/gaps/papers2018/cipanp18
Published: 2018

39. Study of Silicon Photomultiplier Performance in External Electric Fields

Author: Sun, X. L., Tolba, T., Cao, G. F., Lv, P., Wen, L. J., Odian, A., Vachon, F., Alamre, A., Albert, J. B., Anton, G., Arnquist, I. J., Badhrees, I., Barbeau, P. S., Beck, D., Belov, V., Bhatta, T., Bourque, F., Brodsky, J. P., Brown, E., Brunner, T., Burenkov, A., Cao, L., Cen, W. R., Chambers, C., Charlebois, S. A., Chiu, M., Cleveland, B., Coon, M., Côté, M., Craycraft, A., Cree, W., Dalmasson, J., Daniels, T., Darroch, L., Daugherty, S. J., Daughhetee, J., Delaquis, S., Der Mesrobian-Kabakian, A., DeVoe, R., Dilling, J., Ding, Y. Y., Dolinski, M. J., Dragone, A., Echevers, J., Fabris, L., Fairbank, D., Fairbank, W., Farine, J., Feyzbakhsh, S., Fierlinger, P., Fontaine, R., Fudenberg, D., Gallina, G., Giacomini, G., Gornea, R., Gratta, G., Hansen, E. V., Harris, D., Heffner, M., Hoppe, E. W., Hößl, J., House, A., Hufschmidt, P., Hughes, M., Ito, Y., Iverson, A., Jamil, A., Jessiman, C., Jewell, M. J., Jiang, X. S., Karelin, A., Kaufman, L. J., Kodroff, D., Koffas, T., Kravitz, S., Krücken, R., Kuchenkov, A., Kumar, K. S., Lan, Y., Larson, A., Leonard, D. S., Li, G., Li, S., Li, Z., Licciardi, C., Lin, Y. H., MacLellan, R., Michel, T., Moe, M., Mong, B., Moore, D. C., Murray, K., Newby, R. J., Ning, Z., Njoya, O., Nolet, F., Nusair, O., Odgers, K., Oriunno, M., Orrell, J. L., Ortega, G. S., Ostrovskiy, I., Overman, C. T., Parent, S., Piepke, A., Pocar, A., Pratte, J. -F., Qiu, D., Radeka, V., Raguzin, E., Rao, T., Rescia, S., Retière, F., Robinson, A., Rossignol, T., Rowson, P. C., Roy, N., Saldanha, R., Sangiorgio, S., Schmidt, S., Schneider, J., Sinclair, D., VIII, K. Skarpaas, Soma, A. K., St-Hilaire, G., Stekhanov, V., Stiegler, T., Tarka, M., Todd, J., Totev, T. I., Tsang, R., Tsang, T., Veenstra, B., Veeraraghavan, V., Visser, G., Vuilleumier, J. -L., Wagenpfeil, M., Wang, Q., Watkins, J., Weber, M., Wei, W., Wichoski, U., Wrede, G., Wu, S. X., Wu, W. H., Xia, Q., Yang, L., Yen, Y. -R., Zeldovich, O., Zhao, J., Zhou, Y., and Ziegler, T.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: We report on the performance of silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) light sensors operating in electric field strength up to 30 kV/cm and at a temperature of 149K, relative to their performance in the absence of an external electric field. The SiPM devices used in this study show stable gain, photon detection efficiency, and rates of correlated pulses, when exposed to external fields, within the estimated uncertainties. No observable physical damage to the bulk or surface of the devices was caused by the exposure., Comment: 16 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables and two conferences (INPC2016 and TIPP2017)
Published: 2018
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40. Imaging individual barium atoms in solid xenon for barium tagging in nEXO

Author: Chambers, C., Walton, T., Fairbank, D., Craycraft, A., Yahne, D. R., Todd, J., Iverson, A., Fairbank, W., Alamare, A., Albert, J. B., Anton, G., Arnquist, I. J., Badhrees, I., Barbeau, P. S., Beck, D., Belov, V., Bhatta, T., Bourque, F., Brodsky, J. P., Brown, E., Brunner, T., Burenkov, A., Cao, G. F., Cao, L., Cen, W. R., Charlebois, S. A., Chiu, M., Cleveland, B., Coon, M., Cree, W., Côté, M., Dalmasson, J., Daniels, T., Darroch, L., Daugherty, S. J., Daughhetee, J., Delaquis, S., Der Mesrobian-Kabakian, A., DeVoe, R., Dilling, J., Ding, Y. Y., Dolinski, M. J., Dragone, A., Echevers, J., Fabris, L., Farine, J., Feyzbakhsh, S., Fontaine, R., Fudenberg, D., Giacomini, G., Gornea, R., Gratta, G., Hansen, E. V., Heffner, M., Hoppe, E. W., Hößl, J., House, A., Hufschmidt, P., Hughes, M., Ito, Y., Jamil, A., Jessiman, C., Jewell, M. J., Jiang, X. S., Karelin, A., Kaufman, L. J., Kodroff, D., Koffas, T., Kravitz, S., Krücken, R., Kuchenkov, A., Kumar, K. S., Lan, Y., Larson, A., Leonard, D. S., Li, G., Li, S., Li, Z., Licciardi, C., Lin, Y. H., Lv, P., MacLellan, R., Michel, T., Mong, B., Moore, D. C., Murray, K., Newby, R. J., Ning, Z., Njoya, O., Nolet, F., Nusair, O., Odgers, K., Odian, A., Oriunno, M., Orrell, J. L., Ortega, G. S., Ostrovskiy, I., Overman, C. T., Parent, S., Piepke, A., Pocar, A., Pratte, J. -F., Qiu, D., Radeka, V., Raguzin, E., Rao, T., Rescia, S., Retière, F., Robinson, A., Rossignol, T., Rowson, P. C., Roy, N., Saldanha, R., Sangiorgio, S., Schmidt, S., Schneider, J., Schubert, A., Sinclair, D., VIII, K. Skarpaas, Soma, A. K., St-Hilaire, G., Stekhanov, V., Stiegler, T., Sun, X. L., Tarka, M., Tolba, T., Tsang, T. I. Totev. R., Tsang, T., Vachon, F., Veenstra, B., Veeraraghavan, V., Visser, G., Vuilleumier, J. -L., Wagenpfeil, M., Wang, Q., Watkins, J., Weber, M., Wei, W., Wen, L. J., Wichoski, U., Wrede, G., Wu, S. X., Wu, W. H., Xia, Q., Yang, L., Yen, Y. -R., Zeldovich, O., Zhang, X., Zhao, J., Zhou, Y., and Ziegler, T.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The search for neutrinoless double beta decay probes the fundamental properties of neutrinos, including whether or not the neutrino and antineutrino are distinct. Double beta detectors are large and expensive, so background reduction is essential for extracting the highest sensitivity. The identification, or 'tagging', of the $^{136}$Ba daughter atom from double beta decay of $^{136}$Xe provides a technique for eliminating backgrounds in the nEXO neutrinoless double beta decay experiment. The tagging scheme studied in this work utilizes a cryogenic probe to trap the barium atom in solid xenon, where the barium atom is tagged via fluorescence imaging in the solid xenon matrix. Here we demonstrate imaging and counting of individual atoms of barium in solid xenon by scanning a focused laser across a solid xenon matrix deposited on a sapphire window. When the laser sits on an individual atom, the fluorescence persists for $\sim$30~s before dropping abruptly to the background level, a clear confirmation of one-atom imaging. No barium fluorescence persists following evaporation of a barium deposit to a limit of $\leq$0.16\%. This is the first time that single atoms have been imaged in solid noble element. It establishes the basic principle of a barium tagging technique for nEXO.
Published: 2018

41. VUV-sensitive Silicon Photomultipliers for Xenon Scintillation Light Detection in nEXO

Author: Jamil, A., Ziegler, T., Hufschmidt, P., Li, G., Lupin-Jimenez, L., Michel, T., Ostrovskiy, I., Retière, F., Schneider, J., Wagenpfeil, M., Albert, J. B., Anton, G., Arnquist, I. J., Badhrees, I., Barbeau, P., Beck, D., Belov, V., Brodsky, J. P., Brown, E., Brunner, T., Burenkov, A., Cao, G. F., Cao, L., Cen, W. R., Chambers, C., Charlebois, S. A., Chiu, M., Cleveland, B., Coon, M., Craycraft, A., Cree, W., Côté, M., Dalmasson, J., Daniels, T., Daugherty, S. J., Daughhetee, J., Delaquis, S., Der Mesrobian-Kabakian, A., DeVoe, R., Didberidze, T., Dilling, J., Ding, Y. Y., Dolinski, M. J., Dragone, A., Echevers, J., Fabris, L., Fairbank, D., Fairbank, W., Farine, J., Feyzbakhsh, S., Fontaine, R., Fudenberg, D., Gallina, G., Giacomini, G., Gornea, R., Gratta, G., Hansen, E. V., Harris, D., Hasan, M., Heffner, M., Hoppe, E. W., House, A., Hughes, M., Hößl, J., Ito, Y., Iverson, A., Jewell, M., Jiang, X. S., Karelin, A., Kaufman, L. J., Koffas, T., Kravitz, S., Krücken, R., Kuchenkov, A., Kumar, K. S., Lan, Y., Leonard, D. S., Li, S., Li, Z., Licciardi, C., Lin, Y. H., MacLellan, R., Mong, B., Moore, D., Murray, K., Newby, R. J., Ning, Z., Njoya, O., Nolet, F., Odgers, K., Odian, A., Oriunno, M., Orrell, J. L., Overman, C. T., Ortega, G. S., Parent, S., Piepke, A., Pocar, A., Pratte, J. -F., Qiu, D., Radeka, V., Raguzin, E., Rao, T., Rescia, S., Robinson, A., Rossignol, T., Rowson, P. C., Roy, N., Saldanha, R., Sangiorgio, S., Schmidt, S., Schubert, A., Sinclair, D., Skarpaas, K., Soma, A. K., St-Hilaire, G., Stekhanov, V., Stiegler, T., Sun, X. L., Tarka, M., Todd, J., Tolba, T., Tsang, R., Tsang, T., Vachon, F., Veeraraghavan, V., Visser, G., Vuilleumier, J. -L., Wang, Q., Weber, M., Wei, W., Wen, L. J., Wichoski, U., Wrede, G., Wu, S. X., Wu, W. H., Xia, Q., Yang, L., Yen, Y. -R., Zeldovich, O., Zhang, X., Zhao, J., and Zhou, Y.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: Future tonne-scale liquefied noble gas detectors depend on efficient light detection in the VUV range. In the past years Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) have emerged as a valid alternative to standard photomultiplier tubes or large area avalanche photodiodes. The next generation double beta decay experiment, nEXO, with a 5 tonne liquid xenon time projection chamber, will use SiPMs for detecting the $178\,\text{nm}$ xenon scintillation light, in order to achieve an energy resolution of $\sigma / Q_{\beta\beta} = 1\, \%$. This paper presents recent measurements of the VUV-HD generation SiPMs from Fondazione Bruno Kessler in two complementary setups. It includes measurements of the photon detection efficiency with gaseous xenon scintillation light in a vacuum setup and dark measurements in a dry nitrogen gas setup. We report improved photon detection efficiency at $175\,\text{nm}$ compared to previous generation devices, that would meet the criteria of nEXO. Furthermore, we present the projected nEXO detector light collection and energy resolution that could be achieved by using these SiPMs., Comment: 11 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables
Published: 2018
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42. nEXO Pre-Conceptual Design Report

Author: nEXO Collaboration, Kharusi, S. Al, Alamre, A., Albert, J. B., Alfaris, M., Anton, G., Arnquist, I. J., Badhrees, I., Barbeau, P. S., Beck, D., Belov, V., Bhatta, T., Bourque, F., Brodsky, J. P., Brown, E., Brunner, T., Burenkov, A., Cao, G. F., Cao, L., Cen, W. R., Chambers, C., Charlebois, S. A., Chiu, M., Cleveland, B., Conley, R., Coon, M., Côté, M., Craycraft, A., Cree, W., Dalmasson, J., Daniels, T., Danovitch, D., Darroch, L., Daugherty, S. J., Daughhetee, J., DeVoe, R., Delaquis, S., Der Mesrobian-Kabakian, A., Di Vacri, M. L., Dilling, J., Ding, Y. Y., Dolinski, M. J., Dragone, A., Echevers, J., Fabris, L., Fairbank, D., Fairbank, W., Farine, J., Ferrara, S., Feyzbakhsh, S., Fierlinger, P., Fontaine, R., Fudenberg, D., Gallina, G., Giacomini, G., Gornea, R., Gratta, G., Haller, G., Hansen, E. V., Harris, D., Hasi, J., Heffner, M., Hoppe, E. W., Hößl, J., House, A., Hufschmidt, P., Hughes, M., Ito, Y., Iverson, A., Jamil, A., Jessiman, C., Jewell, M. J., Jiang, X. S., Karelin, A., Kaufman, L. J., Kenney, C., Killick, R., Kodroff, D., Koffas, T., Kravitz, S., Krücken, R., Kuchenkov, A., Kumar, K. S., Lan, Y., Larson, A., Lenardo, B. G., Leonard, D. S., Lewis, C. M., Li, G., Li, S., Li, Z., Licciardi, C., Lin, Y. H., Lv, P., MacLellan, R., McFarlane, K., Michel, T., Mong, B., Moore, D. C., Murray, K., Newby, R. J., Nguyen, T., Ning, Z., Njoya, O., Nolet, F., Nusair, O., Odgers, K., Odian, A., Oriunno, M., Orrell, J. L., Ortega, G. S., Ostrovskiy, I., Overman, C. T., Parent, S., Patel, M., Peña-Perez, A., Piepke, A., Pocar, A., Pratte, J. -F., Qiu, D., Radeka, V., Raguzin, E., Rao, T., Rescia, S., Retière, F., Robinson, A., Rossignol, T., Rowson, P. C., Roy, N., Runge, J., Saldanha, R., Sangiorgio, S., Schmidt, S., Schneider, J., Schubert, A., Segal, J., Skarpaas~VIII, K., Soma, A. K., Spitaels, K., St-Hilaire, G., Stekhanov, V., Stiegler, T., Sun, X. L., Tarka, M., Todd, J., Tolba, T., Totev, T. I., Tsang, R., Tsang, T., Vachon, F., Veenstra, B., Veeraraghavan, V., Visser, G., Vogel, P., Vuilleumier, J. -L., Wagenpfeil, M., Wang, Q., Ward, M., Watkins, J., Weber, M., Wei, W., Wen, L. J., Wichoski, U., Wrede, G., Wu, S. X., Wu, W. H., Xia, Q., Yang, L., Yen, Y. -R., Zeldovich, O., Zhang, X., Zhao, J., Zhou, Y., and Ziegler, T.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The projected performance and detector configuration of nEXO are described in this pre-Conceptual Design Report (pCDR). nEXO is a tonne-scale neutrinoless double beta ($0\nu\beta\beta$) decay search in $^{136}$Xe, based on the ultra-low background liquid xenon technology validated by EXO-200. With $\simeq$ 5000 kg of xenon enriched to 90% in the isotope 136, nEXO has a projected half-life sensitivity of approximately $10^{28}$ years. This represents an improvement in sensitivity of about two orders of magnitude with respect to current results. Based on the experience gained from EXO-200 and the effectiveness of xenon purification techniques, we expect the background to be dominated by external sources of radiation. The sensitivity increase is, therefore, entirely derived from the increase of active mass in a monolithic and homogeneous detector, along with some technical advances perfected in the course of a dedicated R&D program. Hence the risk which is inherent to the construction of a large, ultra-low background detector is reduced, as the intrinsic radioactive contamination requirements are generally not beyond those demonstrated with the present generation $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay experiments. Indeed, most of the required materials have been already assayed or reasonable estimates of their properties are at hand. The details described herein represent the base design of the detector configuration as of early 2018. Where potential design improvements are possible, alternatives are discussed. This design for nEXO presents a compelling path towards a next generation search for $0\nu\beta\beta$, with a substantial possibility to discover physics beyond the Standard Model., Comment: 182 pages, minor revisions
Published: 2018

43. On the global solvability of porous media equations with general (spatially dependent) advection terms

Author: Diehl, N. M. L., Fabris, L., and Zingano, P. R.
Subjects: Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, 35K65 (primary), 35A01, 35K15
Abstract: We show that advection-diffusion equations with porous media type diffusion and integrable initial data are globally solvable under very mild conditions. Some generalizations and related results are also given., Comment: 7 pages, 2 eps figures. This is a quick communication of an important global existence result that is valid for a broad class of PME type equations
Published: 2018

44. COHERENT Collaboration data release from the first observation of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering

Author: COHERENT Collaboration, Akimov, D., Albert, J. B., An, P., Awe, C., Barbeau, P. S., Becker, B., Belov, V., Blackston, M. A., Bolozdynya, A., Brown, A., Burenkov, A., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Cervantes, M., Collar, J. I., Cooper, R. J., Cooper, R. L., Cuesta, C., Daughhetee, J., Dean, D. J., Coello, M. del Valle, Detwiler, J., D'Onofrio, M., Eberhardt, A., Efremenko, Y., Elliott, S. R., Etenko, A., Fabris, L., Febbraro, M., Fields, N., Fox, W., Fu, Z., Galindo-Uribarri, A., Green, M. P., Hai, M., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Hornback, D., Hossbach, T. W., Iverson, E. B., Kaemingk, M., Kaufman, L. J., Klein, S. R., Khromov, A., Ki, S., Konovalov, A., Kovalenko, A., Kremer, M., Kumpan, A., Leadbetter, C., Li, L., Lu, W., Mann, K., Markoff, D. M., Melikyan, Y., Miller, K., Moreno, H., Mueller, P. E., Naumov, P., Newby, J., Orrell, J. L., Overman, C. T., Parno, D. S., Penttila, S., Perumpilly, G., Radford, D. C., Rapp, R., Ray, H., Raybern, J., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Rimal, D., Rudik, D., Salvat, D. J., Scholberg, K., Scholz, B., Sinev, G., Snow, W. M., Sosnovtsev, V., Shakirov, A., Suchyta, S., Suh, B., Tayloe, R., Thornton, R. T., Tolstukhin, I., Vanderwerp, J., Varner, R. L., Virtue, C. J., Wan, Z., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., Zawada, A., Zderic, A., and Zettlemoyer, J.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: This release includes data and information necessary to perform independent analyses of the COHERENT result presented in Akimov et al., arXiv:1708.01294 [nucl-ex]. Data is shared in a binned, text-based format, including both "signal" and "background" regions, so that counts and associated uncertainties can be quantitatively calculated for the purpose of separate analyses. This document describes the included information and its format, offering some guidance on use of the data. Accompanying code examples show basic interaction with the data using Python.
Published: 2018
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45. COHERENT 2018 at the Spallation Neutron Source

Author: Akimov, D., Albert, J. B., An, P., Awe, C., Barbeau, P. S., Becker, B., Belov, V., Blackston, M. A., Bolozdynya, A., Brown, A., Burenkov, A., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Cervantes, M., Collar, J. I., Cooper, R. J., Cooper, R. L., Daughhetee, J., Dean, D. J., Coello, M. del Valle, Detwiler, J. A., D'Onofrio, M., Efremenko, Y., Elliott, S. R., Erkela, E., Etenko, A., Fabris, L., Febbraro, M., Fields, N., Fox, W., Galindo-Uribarri, A., Green, M. P., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Iverson, E. B., Kaemingk, M., Kaufman, L. J., Klein, S. R., Khromov, A., Ki, S., Konovalov, A., Kovalenko, A., Kumpan, A., Li, L., Lu, W., Mann, K., Melikyan, Y., Markoff, D. M., Moreno, H., Mueller, P. E., Naumov, P., Newby, J., Parno, D. S., Penttila, S., Perumpilly, G., Radford, D., Rapp, R., Ray, H., Raybern, J., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Rimal, D., Rudik, D., Salvat, D. J., Scholberg, K., Scholz, B., Sinev, G., Snow, W. M., Sosnovtsev, V., Shakirov, A., Suh, B., Tayloe, R., Thornton, R. T., Tolstukhin, I., Vanderwerp, J., Varner, R. L., Virtue, C. J., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., and Zettlemoyer, J.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The primary goal of the COHERENT collaboration is to measure and study coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) using the high-power, few-tens-of-MeV, pulsed source of neutrinos provided by the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). The COHERENT collaboration reported the first detection of CEvNS [Akimov:2017ade] using a CsI[Na] detector. At present the collaboration is deploying four detector technologies: a CsI[Na] scintillating crystal, p-type point-contact germanium detectors, single-phase liquid argon, and NaI[Tl] crystals. All detectors are located in the neutron-quiet basement of the SNS target building at distances 20-30 m from the SNS neutrino source. The simultaneous measurement in all four COHERENT detector subsystems will test the $N^2$ dependence of the cross section and search for new physics. In addition, COHERENT is measuring neutrino-induced neutrons from charged- and neutral-current neutrino interactions on nuclei in shielding materials, which represent a non-negligible background for CEvNS as well as being of intrinsic interest. The Collaboration is planning as well to look for charged-current interactions of relevance to supernova and weak-interaction physics. This document describes concisely the COHERENT physics motivations, sensitivity, and next plans for measurements at the SNS to be accomplished on a few-year timescale., Comment: 22 pages, 14 figures
Published: 2018

46. Sensitivity and discovery potential of the proposed nEXO experiment to neutrinoless double beta decay

Author: nEXO Collaboration, Albert, J. B., Anton, G., Arnquist, I. J., Badhrees, I., Barbeau, P. S., Beck, D., Belov, V., Bourque, F., Brodsky, J. P., Brown, E., Brunner, T., Burenkov, A., Cao, G. F., Cao, L., Cen, W. R., Chambers, C., Charlebois, S. A., Chiu, M., Cleveland, B., Coon, M., Côté, M., Craycraft, A., Cree, W., Dalmasson, J., Daniels, T., Daugherty, S. J., Daughhetee, J., DeVoe, R., Delaquis, S., Der Mesrobian-Kabakian, A., Didberidze, T., Dilling, J., Ding, Y. Y., Dolinski, M. J., Dragone, A., Fabris, L., Fairbank, W., Farine, J., Feyzbakhsh, S., Fontaine, R., Fudenberg, D., Giacomini, G., Gornea, R., Graham, K., Gratta, G., Hansen, E. V., Harris, D., Hasan, M., Heffner, M., Hoppe, E. W., Hößl, J., House, A., Hufschmidt, P., Hughes, M., Ito, Y., Iverson, A., Jamil, A., Jewell, M. J., Jiang, X. S., Johnson, T. N., Johnston, S., Karelin, A., Kaufman, L. J., Killick, R., Koffas, T., Kravitz, S., Krücken, R., Kuchenkov, A., Kumar, K. S., Lan, Y., Leonard, D. S., Li, G., Li, S., Li, Z., Licciardi, C., Lin, Y. H., MacLellan, R., Michel, T., Mong, B., Moore, D. C., Murray, K., Newby, R. J., Ning, Z., Njoya, O., Nolet, F., Odgers, K., Odian, A., Oriunno, M., Orrell, J. L., Ortega, G. S., Ostrovskiy, I., Overman, C. T., Parent, S., Piepke, A., Pocar, A., Pratte, J. -F., Qiu, D., Radeka, V., Raguzin, E., Rao, T., Rescia, S., Retière, F., Robinson, A., Rossignol, T., Rowson, P. C., Roy, N., Saldanha, R., Sangiorgio, S., Schmidt, S., Schneider, J., Schubert, A., Sinclair, D., VIII, K. Skarpaas, Soma, A. K., St-Hilaire, G., Stekhanov, V., Stiegler, T., Sun, X. L., Tarka, M., Todd, J., Tolba, T., Tsang, R., Tsang, T., Vachon, F., Veeraraghavan, V., Visser, G., Vogel, P., Vuilleumier, J. -L., Wagenpfeil, M., Wang, Q., Weber, M., Wei, W., Wen, L. J., Wichoski, U., Wrede, G., Wu, S. X., Wu, W. H., Yang, L., Yen, Y. -R., Zeldovich, O., Zettlemoyer, J., Zhang, X., Zhao, J., Zhou, Y., and Ziegler, T.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: The next-generation Enriched Xenon Observatory (nEXO) is a proposed experiment to search for neutrinoless double beta ($0\nu\beta\beta$) decay in $^{136}$Xe with a target half-life sensitivity of approximately $10^{28}$ years using $5\times10^3$ kg of isotopically enriched liquid-xenon in a time projection chamber. This improvement of two orders of magnitude in sensitivity over current limits is obtained by a significant increase of the $^{136}$Xe mass, the monolithic and homogeneous configuration of the active medium, and the multi-parameter measurements of the interactions enabled by the time projection chamber. The detector concept and anticipated performance are presented based upon demonstrated realizable background rates., Comment: v2 as published
Published: 2017
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47. Characterization of an Ionization Readout Tile for nEXO

Author: nEXO Collaboration, Jewell, M., Schubert, A., Cen, W. R., Dalmasson, J., DeVoe, R., Fabris, L., Gratta, G., Jamil, A., Li, G., Odian, A., Patel, M., Pocar, A., Qiu, D., Wang, Q., Wen, L. J., Albert, J. B., Anton, G., Arnquist, I. J., Badhrees, I., Barbeau, P., Beck, D., Belov, V., Bourque, F., Brodsky, J. P., Brown, E., Brunner, T., Burenkov, A., Cao, G. F., Cao, L., Chambers, C., Charlebois, S. A., Chiu, M., Cleveland, B., Coon, M., Craycraft, A., Cree, W., Côté, M., Daniels, T., Daugherty, S. J., Daughhetee, J., Delaquis, S., Der Mesrobian-Kabakian, A., Didberidze, T., Dilling, J., Ding, Y. Y., Dolinski, M. J., Dragone, A., Fairbank, W., Farine, J., Feyzbakhsh, S., Fontaine, R., Fudenberg, D., Giacomini, G., Gornea, R., Hansen, E. V., Harris, D., Hasan, M., Heffner, M., Hoppe, E. W., House, A., Hufschmidt, P., Hughes, M., Hößl, J., Ito, Y., Iverson, A., Jiang, X. S., Johnston, S., Karelin, A., Kaufman, L. J., Koffas, T., Kravitz, S., Krücken, R., Kuchenkov, A., Kumar, K. S., Lan, Y., Leonard, D. S., Li, S., Li, Z., Licciardi, C., Lin, Y. H., MacLellan, R., Michel, T., Mong, B., Moore, D., Murray, K., Newby, R. J., Ning, Z., Njoya, O., Nolet, F., Odgers, K., Oriunno, M., Orrell, J. L., Ostrovskiy, I., Overman, C. T., Ortega, G. S., Parent, S., Piepke, A., Pratte, J. -F., Radeka, V., Raguzin, E., Rao, T., Rescia, S., Retiere, F., Robinson, A., Rossignol, T., Rowson, P. C., Roy, N., Saldanha, R., Sangiorgio, S., Schmidt, S., Schneider, J., Sinclair, D., Skarpaas, K., Soma, A. K., St-Hilaire, G., Stekhanov, V., Stiegler, T., Sun, X. L., Tarka, M., Todd, J., Tolba, T., Tsang, R., Tsang, T., Vachon, F., Veeraraghavan, V., Visser, G., Vuilleumier, J. -L., Wagenpfeil, M., Weber, M., Wei, W., Wichoski, U., Wrede, G., Wu, S. X., Wu, W. H., Xuan, Z., Yang, L., Yayun, D., Yen, Y. -R., Zeldovich, O., Zhang, X., Zhao, J., Zhe, N., Zhou, Y., and Ziegler, T.
Subjects: Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: A new design for the anode of a time projection chamber, consisting of a charge-detecting "tile", is investigated for use in large scale liquid xenon detectors. The tile is produced by depositing 60 orthogonal metal charge-collecting strips, 3~mm wide, on a 10~\si{\cm} $\times$ 10~\si{\cm} fused-silica wafer. These charge tiles may be employed by large detectors, such as the proposed tonne-scale nEXO experiment to search for neutrinoless double-beta decay. Modular by design, an array of tiles can cover a sizable area. The width of each strip is small compared to the size of the tile, so a Frisch grid is not required. A grid-less, tiled anode design is beneficial for an experiment such as nEXO, where a wire tensioning support structure and Frisch grid might contribute radioactive backgrounds and would have to be designed to accommodate cycling to cryogenic temperatures. The segmented anode also reduces some degeneracies in signal reconstruction that arise in large-area crossed-wire time projection chambers. A prototype tile was tested in a cell containing liquid xenon. Very good agreement is achieved between the measured ionization spectrum of a $^{207}$Bi source and simulations that include the microphysics of recombination in xenon and a detailed modeling of the electrostatic field of the detector. An energy resolution $\sigma/E$=5.5\% is observed at 570~\si{keV}, comparable to the best intrinsic ionization-only resolution reported in literature for liquid xenon at 936~V/\si{cm}., Comment: 18 pages, 13 figures, as published
Published: 2017
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48. The GAPS Experiment to Search for Dark Matter using Low-energy Antimatter

Author: Ong, R. A., Aramaki, T., Bird, R., Boezio, M., Boggs, S. E., Carr, R., Craig, W. W., von Doetinchem, P., Fabris, L., Gahbauer, F., Gerrity, C., Fuke, H., Hailey, C. J., Kato, C., Kawachi, A., Kozai, M., Mognet, S. I., Munakata, K., Okazaki, S., Osteria, G., Perez, K., Re, V., Rogers, F., Saffold, N., Shimizu, Y., Yoshida, A., Yoshida, T., Zampa, G., and Zweerink, J.
Subjects: Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract: The GAPS experiment is designed to carry out a sensitive dark matter search by measuring low-energy cosmic ray antideuterons and antiprotons. GAPS will provide a new avenue to access a wide range of dark matter models and masses that is complementary to direct detection techniques, collider experiments and other indirect detection techniques. Well-motivated theories beyond the Standard Model contain viable dark matter candidates which could lead to a detectable signal of antideuterons resulting from the annihilation or decay of dark matter particles. The dark matter contribution to the antideuteron flux is believed to be especially large at low energies (E < 1 GeV), where the predicted flux from conventional astrophysical sources (i.e. from secondary interactions of cosmic rays) is very low. The GAPS low-energy antiproton search will provide stringent constraints on less than 10 GeV dark matter, will provide the best limits on primordial black hole evaporation on Galactic length scales, and will explore new discovery space in cosmic ray physics. Unlike other antimatter search experiments such as BESS and AMS that use magnetic spectrometers, GAPS detects antideuterons and antiprotons using an exotic atom technique. This technique, and its unique event topology, will give GAPS a nearly background-free detection capability that is critical in a rare-event search. GAPS is designed to carry out its science program using long-duration balloon flights in Antarctica. A prototype instrument was successfully flown from Taiki, Japan in 2012. GAPS has now been approved by NASA to proceed towards the full science instrument, with the possibility of a first long-duration balloon flight in late 2020. Here we motivate low-energy cosmic ray antimatter searches and discuss the current status of the GAPS experiment and the design of the payload., Comment: 8 pags, 3 figures, Proc. 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2017), Busan, Korea
Published: 2017

49. Observation of Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering

Author: Akimov, D., Albert, J. B., An, P., Awe, C., Barbeau, P. S., Becker, B., Belov, V., Brown, A., Bolozdynya, A., Cabrera-Palmer, B., Cervantes, M., Collar, J. I., Cooper, R. J., Cooper, R. L., Cuesta, C., Dean, D. J., Detwiler, J. A., Eberhardt, A., Efremenko, Y., Elliott, S. R., Erkela, E. M., Fabris, L., Febbraro, M., Fields, N. E., Fox, W., Fu, Z., Galindo-Uribarri, A., Green, M. P., Hai, M., Heath, M. R., Hedges, S., Hornback, D., Hossbach, T. W., Iverson, E. B., Kaufman, L. J., Ki, S., Klein, S. R., Khromov, A., Konovalov, A., Kremer, M., Kumpan, A., Leadbetter, C., Li, L., Lu, W., Mann, K., Markoff, D. M., Miller, K., Moreno, H., Mueller, P. E., Newby, J., Orrell, J. L., Overman, C. T., Parno, D. S., Penttila, S., Perumpilly, G., Ray, H., Raybern, J., Reyna, D., Rich, G. C., Rimal, D., Rudik, D., Scholberg, K., Scholz, B. J., Sinev, G., Snow, W. M., Sosnovtsev, V., Shakirov, A., Suchyta, S., Suh, B., Tayloe, R., Thornton, R. T., Tolstukhin, I., Vanderwerp, J., Varner, R. L., Virtue, C. J., Wan, Z., Yoo, J., Yu, C. -H., Zawada, A., Zettlemoyer, J., and Zderic, A. M.
Subjects: Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory
Abstract: The coherent elastic scattering of neutrinos off nuclei has eluded detection for four decades, even though its predicted cross-section is the largest by far of all low-energy neutrino couplings. This mode of interaction provides new opportunities to study neutrino properties, and leads to a miniaturization of detector size, with potential technological applications. We observe this process at a 6.7-sigma confidence level, using a low-background, 14.6-kg CsI[Na] scintillator exposed to the neutrino emissions from the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Characteristic signatures in energy and time, predicted by the Standard Model for this process, are observed in high signal-to-background conditions. Improved constraints on non-standard neutrino interactions with quarks are derived from this initial dataset.
Published: 2017
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50. Spectroscopy of Ba and Ba$^+$ deposits in solid xenon for barium tagging in nEXO

Author: Mong, B., Cook, S., Walton, T., Chambers, C., Craycraft, A., Benitez-Medina, C., Hall, K., Fairbank Jr., W., Albert, J. B., Auty, D. J., Barbeau, P. S., Basque, V., Beck, D., Breidenbach, M., Brunner, T., Cao, G. F., Cleveland, B., Coon, M., Daniels, T., Daugherty, S. J., DeVoe, R., Didberidze, T., Dilling, J., Dolinski, M. J., Dunford, M., Fabris, L., Farine, J., Feldmeier, W., Fierlinger, P., Fudenberg, D., Giroux, G., Gornea, R., Graham, K., Gratta, G., Heffner, M., Hughes, M., Jiang, X. S., Johnson, T. N., Johnston, S., Karelin, A., Kaufman, L. J., Killick, R., Koffas, T., Kravitz, S., Krucken, R., Kuchenkov, A., Kumar, K. S., Leonard, D. S., Licciardi, C., Lin, Y. H., Ling, J., MacLellan, R., Marino, M. G., Moore, D., Odian, A., Ostrovskiy, I., Piepke, A., Pocar, A., Retiere, F., Rowson, P. C., Rozo, M. P., Schubert, A., Sinclair, D., Smith, E., Stekhanov, V., Tarka, M., Tolba, T., Twelker, K., Vuilleumier, J. -L., Walton, J., Weber, M., Wen, L. J., Wichoski, U., Yang, L., Yen, Y. -R., and Zhao, Y. B.
Subjects: Physics - Atomic Physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract: Progress on a method of barium tagging for the nEXO double beta decay experiment is reported. Absorption and emission spectra for deposits of barium atoms and ions in solid xenon matrices are presented. Excitation spectra for prominent emission lines, temperature dependence and bleaching of the fluorescence reveal the existence of different matrix sites. A regular series of sharp lines observed in Ba$^+$ deposits is identified with some type of barium hydride molecule. Lower limits for the fluorescence quantum efficiency of the principal Ba emission transition are reported. Under current conditions, an image of $\le10^4$ Ba atoms can be obtained. Prospects for imaging single Ba atoms in solid xenon are discussed.
Published: 2014
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