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Music occupies a central role in the Black radical tradition. It is often understood as a mode of radical rebellion, sonic insurgency, and fugitive possibility. In Black music and sound we can listen to the competing rhythms and tempos of a Black world outside the strictures of white supremacist narratives. What is often glossed over in these conversations, however, is how Black music plays an explicitly ecological role. This article thinks about how Black sound is instrumental in refiguring what Brent Hayes Edwards calls the "historical transcript," while also gesturing toward how Black sound seeks out a worlding between human and nonhuman entities through an endless capacity for reconfiguration and reorganization. Arguing that Black music is both historical archive and futural conjecture, this article examines a series of records that materialize worlds outside the locked grooves of anti-Black violence and environmental destruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The text discusses Eija-Liisa Ahtila's video installation titled "Horizontal," which features a six-channel projected video of a spruce tree. The installation aims to challenge the perception of trees as passive objects and instead presents the spruce as a sensing body deeply connected to its environment. By experiencing the installation, viewers are encouraged to reconsider their relationship with the nonhuman world and develop a more affective and relational ethics. The text emphasizes the importance of alternative ways of perceiving and relating to the world in the face of climate crisis and calls for a posthuman business ethics that includes nonhuman entities and materialities. [Extracted from the article]

There is an absence in the literature on sports of a conceptualization of what in French are labeled sports de glisse: sports that imply gliding on water, through air, and on snow and ice, such as surfing, paragliding, skiing, and skating. Inspired by Ingold's (1993) concept of the taskscape, we introduce the idea of the glidescape: a perceptual field in which gliding sports practitioners inhabit, create, and transform their environment while at the same time being recreated and transformed themselves. Using an applied phenomenological approach, we describe the main experiential qualities and structure of the glidescape. In the quest for extended phases of effortless movement, gliders engage in a clearly accentuated rhythm with sharp contrasts between forceful effort and smooth effortlessness based on a fine-tuned proprioceptive sense for material and ecological resonance, which opens fleeting and emplaced moments of freedom and authenticity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A compact description of the frequency structure and topography of human alpha-band rhythms is obtained by use of the first four brain activity eigenmodes previously derived from corticothalamic neural field theory. Just two eigenmodes that overlap in frequency are found to reproduce the observed topography of the classical alpha rhythm for subjects with a single, occipitally concentrated alpha peak in their electroencephalograms. Alpha frequency splitting and relative amplitudes of double alpha peaks are explored analytically and numerically within this four-mode framework using eigenfunction expansion and perturbation methods. These effects are found to result primarily from the different eigenvalues and corticothalamic gains corresponding to the eigenmodes. Three modes with two non-overlapping frequencies suffice to reproduce the observed topography for subjects with a double alpha peak, where the appearance of a distinct second alpha peak requires an increase of the corticothalamic gain of higher eigenmodes relative to the first. Conversely, alpha blocking is inferred to be linked to a relatively small attention-dependent reduction of the gain of the relevant eigenmodes, whose effect is enhanced by the near-critical state of the brain and whose sign is consistent with inferences from neural field theory. The topographies and blocking of the mu and tau rhythms within the alpha-band are explained analogously via eigenmodes. Moreover, the observation of three rhythms in the alpha band is due to there being exactly three members of the first family of spatially nonuniform modes. These results thus provide a simple, unified description of alpha band rhythms and enable experimental observations of spectral structure and topography to be linked directly to theory and underlying physiology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Objective Methods Results Conclusion Most studies of device‐detected atrial fibrillation (AF) have recommended indefinite anticoagulation once a patient crosses a particular threshold for AF duration or burden. However, durations and burdens are known to fluctuate over time, but little is known about the magnitude of spontaneous fluctuations and the potential impact on anticoagulation decisions.To quantify spontaneous fluctuations in AF duration and burden in patients with implantable loop recorders (ILRs)We reviewed all ILR interrogations for patients with non‐permanent AF at our institution from 2018 to 2023. We excluded patients treated with rhythm control. The duration of longest AF episode at each interrogation was classified as < 6, 6–24, and > 24 h, and the AF burden reported at each interrogation was classified as < 2%, 2%–11.4%, and > 11.4%.Out of 156 patients, the mean age at ILR implant was 70.9 ± 12.5 years, CHA2DS2‐VASc score was 4.2 ± 1.8, duration of ILR follow‐up was 23.4 ± 11.2 months, and number of ILR interrogations per patient was 18.0 ± 8.9. The duration of longest AF episode at any point during follow‐up was < 6 , 6–24 , and > 24 h in 110, 30, and 16 patients, respectively. Among the 30 patients with a longest AF episode of 6–24 h at some point during follow‐up, out of 594 total ILR interrogations, only 75 (12%) showed a longest episode of 6–24 h. In the remaining 519 interrogations, the longest episode was < 6 h. In patients with a longest episode of > 24 h at any point during follow‐up (n = 16), only 47 out of 320 total ILR interrogations (15%) showed an episode of > 24 h. When evaluating AF burden, 96, 38, and 22 patients had maximum reported AF burdens of < 2%, 2%–11.4%, and > 11.4% at any point during ILR follow‐up. Among those with a maximum burden of 2%–11.4% at some point during follow‐up (n = 38), out of 707 ILR interrogations, only 76 (11%) showed a burden of 2%–11.4%. In the remaining 631 interrogations, the burden was < 2%. In the 22 patients with a burden > 11.4% at some point during follow‐up, only 80 out of 480 interrogations (17%) showed a burden of > 11.4%. In 65% of interrogations, the burden was < 2%.Significant, spontaneous fluctuations in AF burden and duration are common in patients with ILRs. Even in patients with AF episodes of 6–24 h or > 24 h at some point during follow‐up, the vast majority of interrogations show episodes of < 6 h. Similarly, in patients with burdens of 2%–11.4% or > 11.4% at some point during follow‐up, the vast majority of interrogations show burdens of < 2%. More data are needed to determine whether crossing an AF burden or duration threshold once is sufficient to merit lifelong anticoagulation or whether spontaneous fluctuations in AF burden and duration should impact anticoagulation decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to map daily mobility to work and services within the suburban zone of Prague and to explain temporal changes in the structuration of the suburban zone during the day. This involves the identification of local centres outside Prague's administrative boundaries, defining their catchment areas, and exploring the temporal variability of daily mobility. Using mobile phone data, the paper identifies the main flows of commuting to work and mobility for services or leisure activities. The focus on two distinct timeframes presented in two synthetic maps compares the mobility patterns of these activities. Empirical findings identify 53 local centres of inter‐suburban mobility and delimitate their commuting areas. Noticeable variation in mobility patterns throughout the day was observed. Beyond empirical insights relevant to Prague and similar Central and Eastern European cities, the paper contributes to theoretical knowledge by introducing a hierarchical classification of mobility relationships within metropolitan areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we compile the results of a brief survey of several former Isis editors and staff members to consider the sensory experience of editing the journal. We explore how the place and space of office life, with its materiality, its human and nonhuman elements, its smells and sounds, its presences and absences, and the particular tedium and urgencies of the HSS editorial offices, presented itself. We then ask, in turn, how these rhythms and workflows have informed the collaborative exercise of producing scholarship in the history of science. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While dual-task walking requires the ability to integrate sensory information from multiple ongoing sources, it remains unknown whether dual-task walking is more affected than single-task walking by the multisensory integration ability. How does the audiovisual temporal integration ability affect single-task and dual-task gaits in the aging population? One hundred and thirty healthy middle-aged and older adults (age = 64.7 ± 6.4 years) completed an audiovisual simultaneity judgment (AVSJ) task and underwent single-task, motor dual-task, and cognitive dual-task gait assessments. In the AVSJ task, participants judged whether a flash and an auditory stimulus presented at different stimulus onset asynchronies were simultaneous. The accuracy and precision of the AVSJ performance were assessed using the point of subjective simultaneity (PSS) and the temporal binding window (δ), respectively. A lower absolute PSS and δ indicated better performance. Participants held a cup of water and performed serial-7 subtraction for motor and cognitive dual-task gait assessments, respectively. The spatiotemporal gait parameters and their variability were calculated. The influences of PSS and δ on the gait parameters of the three gaits were examined with multiple hierarchical regressions. Only the cognitive dual-task gait was significantly affected by PSS and δ. Greater PSS predicted a longer single support time (β = 0.195, p = 0.024) and its variability (β = 0.224, p = 0.011). Greater δ predicted greater step time variability (β = 0.198, p = 0.022). Declined perception of audiovisual simultaneity particularly degrades temporal control of cognitive dual-task walking, highlighting the importance of assessing and training this ability after midlife. • Audiovisual (AV) temporal perception and dual-task gaits decline in midlife. • Impact of AV perception on aging gaits under cognitive loads remains unclear. • Poorer AV temporal perception impairs temporal control of cognitive dual-task gait. • Single- and motor dual-task gaits show no audiovisual sensitivity. • Findings stress multisensory perception's importance in cognitive dual-task gait. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay argues that the alternating rhythms with which AMC's Better Call Saul moves though time, and the alternating temporal frames of reference with which it represents Saul Goodman's "hustling" specifically, represent self-conscious efforts to clarify the narrative affordances of the serial television medium. These temporal experiments also elucidate the felt endlessness of waged work in the context of go-nowhere careers. In both capacities, Better Call Saul adumbrates formal and thematic concerns central not only to Breaking Bad, but also to twenty-five years of prestige TV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organisms on Earth are known to evolve by cooperating with their neighbors in external environments. These cooperating organisms are under the influence of circadian rhythms derived from Earth's rotation and have various biological rhythms within them. However, little is known about the effects of these rhythms on the cooperation of organisms. In this study, we investigate the effects of the biological rhythms on the survival of cooperators in evolution using evolutionary game theory. We focused on the rhythm in reproduction among the various biological rhythms that organisms have. Our results are as follows. Rhythmic reproductions play a role in limiting the survival of cooperators; they reduce the survival limits of cooperators compared to when there is no rhythm. Their limiting force is sensitive to the number of interacting neighbors, however. When the number of interacting neighbors is relatively small, the effects of rhythm in reproduction on the survival limits of cooperators are not significant. As the number of interacting neighbors increases, the limiting force of rhythmic reproductions becomes more powerful, gradually decreasing the survival limits of cooperators. Variations of rhythm in reproduction do not alter the survival limits; they only cause fluctuations in the population of cooperators within the survival limits. Our findings suggest that the rhythmic reproductions in evolution determine the survival domain of cooperators, where the number of interacting neighbors is a major factor along with rhythmic reproductions. Organisms under the constant pressure imposed by rhythmic reproductions may need to find the optimal number of interacting neighbors to survive and evolve to a new level through cooperation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One task of the Greek literary critic was to help his reader understand how style moves audiences. This paper explores the implications of such a task and thereby reveals how Greco-Roman dance traditions were reflected by and embedded in conceptualizations of verbal art in antiquity. Kinaesthetics—a system of physiological and psychological responses to movement—is offered as the key to unlocking style's kinetic essence and the far-reaching influences of performance over theories of verbal art. As the criticism of Longinus and Dionysius of Halicarnassus demonstrates, dance offered aesthetic lessons that could be translated into a variety of contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This article reviews empirical methods and findings on early language discrimination, questioning rhythm‐class based hypotheses on language discrimination in infancy, as well as the assumption that early language discrimination is driven primarily (or solely) by temporal prosodic cues. The present work argues that within‐rhythm class discrimination which – according to the rhythmic hypothesis – is not applicable very early in life, has not been sufficiently tested with infants under 4 months of age, that familiarity with a language is not a prerequisite for its discrimination from another rhythmically similar language, and that the temporal rhythm properties may not universally be the primary cues to language discrimination. Although rhythm taxonomy is now by many understood as outdated, some developmental literature still draws on the assumption that rhythm classification determines infants' language discrimination; other studies consider rhythm along a continuous scale and only a few account for cues to language discrimination other than temporal ones. It is proposed that studies on early language discrimination systematically test the contribution of other than temporal rhythm cues, similarly to recent work on multidimensional psychoacoustic salience in the acquisition of segmental categories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The Congo Basin forests, a crucial global carbon sink, are expected to face increased challenges of climate change by 2027, with an expected temperature rise of 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels, accompanied by increased humidity conditions. However, studies that try to understand their functioning and untangle the species-specific responses about how weather conditions impact secondary growth dynamics are still rare. Methods: Here we present the results of a study on diel and annual stem growth in 17 trees, belonging to 11 most abundant species, both canopy and understory, in the Mayombe forest (Congo Basin) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). We measured highly-resolved radial stem size variations and weather conditions, to comprehend the ongoing patterns of secondary growth and examine the potential influence of projected weather conditions on them. Results: We found that at the diel scale, trees probably grow mainly from 6pm to 9am, and that at the annual scale, they grow mainly during the rainy season, from October to May. Some trees grow year-round, while others stop growing for a period ranging from 1 to 4 months. This growth cessation typically occurs during the dry season from June to September. A generalized linear mixed-effect model revealed that annual radial stem growth is positively related to rainfall. Discussion: Our results suggest that trees in the study site have a significant potential to cope with the projected 1.5°C increase in global temperature and an additional 50 mm of local rainfall. Trees of the species T. superba exhibited improved growth under the projected scenarios. For the other tree species, no significant difference in growth was observed between the predicted and observed scenarios. We believe that much remains to be done to better understand the tree growth-climate interaction of the large variety of tree species in the Congo Basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Methods Results Conclusion Due to its unique features, pulsed field ablation (PFA) could potentially overcome some limitations of current radiofrequency (RF) ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation. However, data on the use of PFA in this setting are currently scarce.Two patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy and previously failed RF VT ablations were treated with PFA.A total of 18 bipolar applications (case1) and seven bipolar applications (case2) were delivered to the infero‐lateral and infero‐septal areas (case1) and to the apical lateral left ventricular (LV) wall (case2), placing the catheter adjacent to the LV wall in the flower configuration. A rapid cessation of VT and restoration of sinus rhythm were observed during PFA delivery in both cases. Further applications were delivered to achieve complete elimination of late potentials. In case 1, during the in‐hospital stay, ECG monitoring did not show VT recurrences. Six‐month follow‐up was uneventful, with no VT recurrences at ICD interrogation. In case 2, due to postdischarge VT recurrences, a second RF procedure was scheduled 1 month later. The voltage map performed in sinus rhythm showed a low‐voltage zone located at the anterolateral wall, near the previous ablation site. Numerous late potentials were recorded. At the 6‐month follow‐up, no further VT recurrences were documented after RF redo ablation.While the speed of application and potential transmural effect can facilitate the ablation of large diseased endocardial areas, early loss of contact due to difficult pentaspline catheter manipulation in the LV could lead to insufficient contact force and, consequently, inadequate energy penetration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disrupted sleep due to nighttime eating can raise various concerns, impacting both physical health and overall well-being. Nevertheless, there is a lack of direct evidence linking nighttime eating with the female reproduction system, possibly due to the absence of suitable models. Here, we use the laying hen, a diurnal animal maintained under ad libitum feeding, as a vertebrate model to quantify the impact of nighttime eating on reproduction and aging. To do this, we have built an Arduino-based setup that regulates food availability and exclusively tracks the eating events of individuals. Our data indicate that synchronizing food availability with the natural sleep–wake rhythm substantially improves reproduction and extends healthspan in hens. With reproductive aging becoming progressively more prevalent in contemporary society due to the trend of delayed childbearing, synchronizing eating with the natural rhythm could help mitigate reproductive aging in vertebrates and potentially in humans as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nature abounds in examples of evolutionary designs (bio and non-bio) that evolve freely into configurations that provide easier and greater access for movement. The present article considers three seemingly unrelated phenomena that appear to obstruct flow: stick–slip friction, animal jump, and earthquake. The analysis is based on simple models of rhythmic energy store & release motion. In each case, the rhythm is the sole degree of freedom. The analyses show that stick–slip friction facilitates movement because the coefficient of static friction is greater than the coefficient of sliding friction. Next, all forms of animal locomotion under gravity consist of cycles of energy storage (jump to a height) and energy release (forward fall). The rhythm of the cycle is natural such that the forward advance of the animal is economical. Finally, the onset of the earthquake is modeled the same way, as shear stresses at the rock-on-rock interface, which are matched by bending stresses in the bent 'blades' of rock contained between fissures perpendicular to the interface. In sum, naturally evolved store & release rhythm facilitates the movement, contrary to the commonly held impression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pansori, a traditional Korean form of musical storytelling, is characterized by performances involving a vocalist and a drummer. It is well-known for the singer's expressive narrative (aniri) and delicate gesture with fan in hand. The classical Pansori repertoires mostly tell love, satire, and humor, as well as some social lessons. These performances, which can extend from three to five hours, necessitate that the vocalist adheres to precise rhythmic structures. The distinctive rhythms of Pansori are crucial for conveying both the narrative and musical expression effectively. This paper explores the challenge of open-set recognition, aiming to efficiently identify unknown Pansori rhythm patterns while applying the methodology to diverse acoustic datasets, such as sound events and genres. We propose a lightweight deep learning-based encoder–decoder segmentation model, which employs a 2-D log-Mel spectrogram as input for the encoder and produces a frame-based 1-D decision along the temporal axis. This segmentation approach, processing 2-D inputs to classify frame-wise rhythm patterns, proves effective in detecting unknown patterns within time-varying sound streams encountered in daily life. Throughout the training phase, both center and supervised contrastive losses, along with cross-entropy loss, are minimized. This strategy aimed to create a compact cluster structure within the feature space for known classes, thereby facilitating the recognition of unknown rhythm patterns by allocating ample space for their placement within the embedded feature space. Comprehensive experiments utilizing various datasets—including Pansori rhythm patterns (91.8%), synthetic datasets of instrument sounds (95.1%), music genres (76.9%), and sound datasets from DCASE challenges (73.0%)—demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed method to detect unknown events, as evidenced by the AUROC metrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The speech amplitude envelope carries important acoustic information required for speech intelligibility and contains sensory cues (amplitude rise times, ARTs) that play a key role in both sensory rhythm perception and neural speech encoding. Individual differences in children's sensitivity to ARTs have been related to the development of children's phonological processing skills across languages by the Temporal Sampling theory. Impaired processing of ARTs also characterises children with dyslexia. However, different ART tasks have been employed in different studies, in different languages, and at different ages. Here, we compare the sensitivity of three frequently used ART tasks (based on synthetic syllables, sine tones, and speech-shaped noise) in a longitudinal study of English-speaking children with and without dyslexia. Children's ability to discriminate rising frequency, duration, and intensity was also tested. ART discrimination in all 3 tasks was significantly inter-related, but different relations to phonology and literacy were found for different ART tasks at different ages. In particular, the often-used sine tone and speech-shaped noise ART tasks showed greater sensitivity in older children, while the synthetic syllable task (/ba/rise) showed greater sensitivity in younger children. Sensitivity to rising frequency was also related to phonology and literacy across ages. The data are interpreted with respect to the Temporal Sampling theory of developmental dyslexia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Free-text keystroke dynamics, the unique typing patterns of an individual, have been applied for the security of mobile devices by providing the non-intrusive and continuous user authentication. Existing authentication approaches mainly concentrate on the keystroke dynamics when operating a specific device, and overlook the generality of keystroke dynamics for cross-device user authentication. To tackle this problem, in this paper, we propose an efficient federated free-text keystroke dynamics mechanism to mitigate the difference in keyboards for cross-device authentication. Specifically, we explore and analyze the keystroke features of various keyboards and extract cross-device keystroke features. To protect user privacy, their type of rhythm information must be kept locally. We utilize federated learning based on the auxiliary model to train the authentication model. Our proposed solution was evaluated on a large-scale data set with 168,000 users. The experimental results show that our proposed solution performs well with great robustness across different types of keyboards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flexible pulse-by-pulse regulation of sensorimotor synchronization is crucial for voluntarily showing rhythmic behaviors synchronously with external cueing; however, the underpinning neurophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. We hypothesized that the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) plays a key role by coordinating both proactive and reactive motor outcomes based on contextual mental imagery. To test our hypothesis, a missing-oddball task in finger-tapping paradigms was conducted in 33 healthy young volunteers. The dynamic properties of the dACC were evaluated by event-related deep-brain activity (ER-DBA), supported by event-related potential (ERP) analysis and behavioral evaluation based on signal detection theory. We found that ER-DBA activation/deactivation reflected a strategic choice of motor control modality in accordance with mental imagery. Reverse ERP traces, as omission responses, confirmed that the imagery was contextual. We found that mental imagery was updated only by environmental changes via perceptual evidence and response-based abductive reasoning. Moreover, stable on-pulse tapping was achievable by maintaining proactive control while creating an imagery of syncopated rhythms from simple beat trains, whereas accuracy was degraded with frequent erroneous tapping for missing pulses. We conclude that the dACC voluntarily regulates rhythmic sensorimotor synchronization by utilizing contextual mental imagery based on experience and by creating novel rhythms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Giant clams obtain their nutrition from both filter-feeding and photosynthates produced by symbiotic zooxanthellae within their mantle tissue. The symbiotic partnerships between giant clam and zooxanthellae are critical for the health and survival of giant clams. Therefore, light/dark alternation plays a crucial role in influencing the growth performance and physiological change of the giant clam-zooxanthellae symbiosis in natural ecosystems. In this study, the rhythms of mantle surface area, physiological metabolic activity, and oxidative stress in the boring giant clam, Tridacna crocea, caused by two different light-dark cycles (7:00–19:00 light-on and 9:00–21:00 light-on, respectively) were investigated. The relative mantle surface area, net calcification rate and gross primary production significantly increased with the increase in light time, and the highest values were observed after 4–7 h of light exposure. The values of symbiosis Y (II) sharply increased when giant clams were transferred from dark to light conditions, and then slightly decreased to a low level until the next light/dark cycle. Dynamic changes of zooxanthellae density in the outer mantle were observed with two-peak values noted at 4 h after light-on and -off, respectively. The absorption of ammonium-nitrogen (negative values of ammonia metabolic rate) was observed when giant clams were exposed to light, and the rate reached its highest value after 10 h of light exposure. Rhythmic changes of oxidative stress related enzymes and antioxidant molecule were also detected in the inner and outer mantles. In detail, the highest values of SOD activity were observed around light-on time in both the inner and outer mantles, while the tendency of CAT activity was not the same in the inner and outer mantles; the GSH contents in the inner mantle were significantly higher than that in the outer mantle, and their values significantly increased with light exposure; the MDA concentrations from 5:00 to 14:00 were almost the same in both the inner and outer mantles, which were significantly higher than those at other sampling points. The rhythms of these detected behaviors and physiological responses were almost delayed with the delay of photocycle. This provides experimental support for the hypothesis that some behaviors and physiological responses of giant clams exhibit 24-h rhythms, which are affected by changes of light/dark alternation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research aims to improve the special physical capabilities and the level of performance of the straight attack for young female fencing players with fencing weapons through: a proposed training program using competitive exercises according to the rhythmic movement patterns. The researcher used the experimental approach for its suitability to the nature of the research. One of the most important results of this study was that the competitive exercises led to an improvement in the special physical capabilities and the level of performance of the straight attack according to the vital rhythm pattern of each youth for the sport of fencing.The researcher also concluded that the competitive exercises, according to the vital rhythm patterns, improved the physical capabilities of a high rate, which are as follows: The percentage of improvement in the ability of accuracy amounted to (75%), the percentage of improvement in the ability of reaction speed (70%), the percentage of improvement in strength characterized by speed (60%), the percentage of improvement in the ability of compatibility (60%) Also, the competitive exercises according to the vital rhythm patterns led to an improvement in the performance level of the accuracy of shooting the straight attack by (64%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Timing is an important interactional resource for coordinating mobile and digital interactions, and for signalling interest and involvement in an exchange. This article breaks new ground in exploring conversational rhythm as a 'disconnective' resource through which people suspend, or withdraw from, interactions as a way of asserting agency and autonomy. Focusing on mobile-messaging apps such as WhatsApp, it develops an innovative 'day-in-the-life' methodological approach for exploring how individuals manage multiple online and offline encounters through combining interviews, time-use diaries and messaging data. Interactional analysis of selected extracts involving British women in their 40s and 50s points to an emerging interactive practice of 'suspended alignment' which enables connection-building through alignment while simultaneously keeping interlocutors at a desired distance. Suspended alignment is an increasingly accepted pragmatic norm through which adults maintain key relationships while managing the multiple demands on their time. • Day-in-the-life approach enables insights into how people manage parallel online/offline encounters. • Desire to connect through mobile messaging while maintaining autonomy prompts practice of suspended alignment. • Suspended alignment involves harnessing conversational rhythm to suspend mobile conversations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article proposes a methodology to identify rhetorical energies that form within the diegetic timeline of movies and to translate these to creative sculpting of spacetime designs. In turn, the narrative manipulation of rhetorical spacetime correlates with that of the audience's emotional states. I achieved this by indexing fictional spacetime with movie barcodes to create a visual compression of sequential film frames into one solid image. I also discuss how patterns of spatial and temporal arrangement within the selected film trailer occurs. I utilise the short form movie trailer The Monster (2020) as my case study as it is a work that I co-directed. Essentially, I propose a method to show how temporal designs of a fictional dimension may be sculpted and intensified. For comparative purposes, I discuss a related study on Alejandro G. Iñárritu’s The Revenant (2015). I conclude that the spacetime relationships of the timeline exhibit a propensity to result in dramaturgic tension patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: We aimed to evaluate cardiac safety profile of ribociclib with 24-h rhythm Holter ECG. Material and method: Forty-two female metastatic breast cancer patients were included in the study. Rhythm Holter ECG was performed before starting treatment with ribociclib and after 3 months of the treatment initiation. Results: The mean age of the patients was 56.36 ± 12.73. 52.4% (n = 22) of the patients were using ribociclib in combination with fulvestrant and 47.6% (n = 20) with aromatase inhibitors. None of the patients developed cardiotoxicity. When the rhythm Holter results before and in third month of the treatment were compared, there was no statistically significant difference. Conclusion: This is the first study evaluating effects of ribociclib treatment on cardiac rhythm with Holter ECG. The findings suggested ribociclib has a low risk of causing early cardiotoxicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Action segmentation is vital for video understanding because it heuristically divides complex untrimmed videos into short semantic clips. Real-world human actions exhibit complex temporal dynamics, encompassing variations in duration, rhythm, and range of motions, etc. While deep networks have been successfully applied to these tasks, they face challenges in effectively adapting to these complex variations due to the inherent difficulty in capturing semantic information from a global perspective. Merely relying on distinguishing visual representations in local regions leads to the issue of over-segmentation. In an attempt to address this practical issue, we propose a novel approach named ASGSA, which aims to obtain smoother segmentation results by extracting instructive semantic information. Our core component, Global Semantic-Aware module, provides an effective way to encode the long-range temporal relation in the long untrimmed video. Specifically, we exploit a hierarchical temporal context aggregation, which is identified by a gated-mechanism selection to control the information passage at different scales. In addition, an adaptive fusion strategy is designed to guide the segmentation with the extracted semantic information. Simultaneously, to obtain higher-quality video representation without extra annotations, we resort to self-supervised training strategy and propose the Video Speed Prediction module. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our approach achieves state-of-the-art performance on all three challenging benchmark datasets (Breakfast, 50Salads, GTEA) and significantly improves the F1 score@50, which represents the reduction of over-segmentation. The code is available at https://github.com/ten000/ASGSA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Daily rhythms are programmed by a central circadian clock that is modulated by photoperiod. Here, we recorded locomotor activity rhythms in C57Bl/6 or mPer2Luc mice of both sexes held under different housing conditions. First, we confirm that the structure of locomotor activity rhythms differs between male and female mice in both genetic backgrounds. Male mice exhibit a nightly "siesta," whereas female mice fluctuate between nights with and without a nightly siesta, which corresponds with changes in locomotor activity levels, circadian period, and vaginal cytology. The nightly siesta is modulated by the presence of a running wheel in both sexes but is not required for the infradian patterning of locomotor rhythms in females. Finally, photoperiodic changes in locomotor rhythms differed by sex, and females displayed phase-jumping responses earlier than males under a parametric photoentrainment assay simulating increasing day length. Collectively, these results highlight that sex and sex hormones influence daily locomotor rhythms under a variety of different environmental conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For a discipline so oriented around the study of wakeful geographies, the lack of direct conceptual engagement with the notion of wakefulness—a cognitive state in which the mind is conscious of, and responsive to, the external world—is all-the-more remarkable. In this article we advance geography by probing and revealing the links that exist between wakefulness and indebted life under capitalism. We show how villagers in rural Cambodia experience wakefulness in their day and nighttime lives through a punitive alertness to, and excessive rumination on, the pressures and challenges they face to repay microfinance debts on time. Capitalist debt demands a keen alertness and submission to the clock time of repayment obligations, and with this fosters a hyperalertness to debt that works to the consequential exclusion of sleep. The article evidences the enforced isorhythmic alignment between the demands of creditors and the bodies and minds of borrowers, thus demonstrating the importance of thinking about the debt relation through the heuristic tool of rhythm. This claim is evidenced further through the arrhythmic (discordant) impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and the intensifying climate crisis, which are further undermining borrowers' hopes for debt-free lives. Ultimately, the mixed-method interview and photographic data presented in the article demonstrate the significance of the 24/7 nature of debt and broader trend toward diurnal expansionism. Both are leading to the physical, emotional, and existential enclosure of bodies and homes habituated into the rhythms and impetuses of capitalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dance-driven music generation aims to generate musical pieces conditioned on dance videos. Previous works focus on monophonic or raw audio generation, while the multi-instrument scenario is under-explored. The challenges associated with dance-driven multi-instrument music (MIDI) generation are twofold: (i) lack of a publicly available multi-instrument MIDI and video paired dataset and (ii) the weak correlation between music and video. To tackle these challenges, we have built the first multi-instrument MIDI and dance paired dataset (D2MIDI). Based on this dataset, we introduce a multi-instrument MIDI generation framework (Dance2MIDI) conditioned on dance video. Firstly, to capture the relationship between dance and music, we employ a graph convolutional network to encode the dance motion. This allows us to extract features related to dance movement and dance style. Secondly, to generate a harmonious rhythm, we utilize a transformer model to decode the drum track sequence, leveraging a cross-attention mechanism. Thirdly, we model the task of generating the remaining tracks based on the drum track as a sequence understanding and completion task. A BERT-like model is employed to comprehend the context of the entire music piece through self-supervised learning. We evaluate the music generated by our framework trained on the D2MIDI dataset and demonstrate that our method achieves state-of-the-art performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This paper investigates the relationship between syllabic duration and F0 contours for implementing three prosodic functions. Work on rhythm usually describes the evolution of syllable-sized durations throughout utterances, rarely making reference to melodic events. On the other hand, work on intonation usually describes linear sequences of melodic events with indirect references to duration. Although some scholars have explored the relationship between these two parameters for particular functions, to our knowledge, there has been no investigation on the systematic correlation between syllabic duration and F0 values throughout narrative sequences. Based on a corpus of story retelling with nine speakers of Brazilian Portuguese from two regions, our work investigated the interplay between syllabic duration and melody to signal three prosodic functions: terminal and non-terminal boundary marking and prominence. The examination of local syllabic duration maxima and four F0 descriptors revealed that these maxima act as landmarks for particular F0 shapes: for non-terminal boundaries, the great majority of shapes were increasing and increasing–decreasing patterns; for terminal boundaries, almost all shapes were decreasing F0 patterns; and for prominence marking, the great majority of shapes were high tones across the stressed syllable. Time series analyses revealed significant correlations between duration and specific F0 descriptors, pointing to a ruled interplay between F0 and syllabic duration patterns in Brazilian Portuguese story retelling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to determine the distributions of number of shots per point, point duration, point pace and technical actions during the match in professional men and women padel players. A total of 35,145 hits (3239 points; men = 1602 and women = 1637) were analyzed in 20 matches corresponding to quarterfinal, semifinal and final matches of the World Padel Tour 2020 season. The observations were conducted through systematic observation and involved a total of 32 players (16 men and 16 women). Men's points lasted 13.5–14.8 s, comprising 10–11 hits, resulting in a ratio of 0.80 shots per second, with no differences between sets. Women's points lasted longer than men's (14.4 to 16.2 s, p = 0.011) but included a similar number of shots per point, resulting in a lower rhythm of play (0.73–0.75 shots per second, p < 0.001), particularly in the third set (p = 0.004). Volleys, lobs and directs were used in >60% of the points, with a frequency of one to three times per point. Bandejas were used in 50–60% of the points, with a frequency of one to two times per point. Backwalls and flat smashes were used at least once in 30–48% of the points. Selective actions had a greater frequency of use in the third set (i.e., flat smash and smash x3 in women; forehand/backhand volleys and side-wall forehand in men), suggesting occasional changes in the style of play, but likely explained by the onset of fatigue. In conclusion, game volumes, intensity and actions remained broadly similar throughout professional padel matches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article adopts media-theoretical and somatechnics-focused approaches, as well as a post-cinematic framework to unpack the mediated, intimate, affective, memetic, and rhythmic ways in which the 'Woman, Life, Freedom' revolts and their violent suppression unfolded on- and off-screen. In this article, I ask the following questions: How can we understand violence in the hyper-mediated era of bodies capturing their own deaths online? What kinds of affects emerge from these mediated entanglements? And how can the 'Woman, Life, Freedom' feminist revolts complicate our understanding of the affective, post-cinematic, and somatechnical ways in which bodies and technologies emerge and converge, sometimes in violent ways? Through a conceptual analysis of Instagram and YouTube videos depicting marginalised subjects who were killed onscreen in Iran, or who posthumously appear joyous and alive through their mediated presence, I investigate the eerie affects of violence and mobilise the notion of memetic rhythmicality to unpack the novel ways in which resistance to structural violence are being enacted. To demonstrate the implications of the mediated capture of violence, as well as the new forms of resistance – for processes of feminist, political, and somatechnical becomings – I draw on somatechnical and hauntological theories (Derrida [1993]1994; Mulvey 2006; Sullivan and Murray 2011; del Pilar Blanco and Peeren 2013; Cielemeçka 2015; Carstens 2020; and Geerts 2021), Mark Fisher's (2016) notion of 'the eerie,' the Deleuzoguattarian ([1980]1987) concept of a Body without Organs, and Steven Shaviro's (2023) 'rhythm image.' [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the role that conflicting rhythms of academic life and crisis have on the ability of academics to meet their commitments, such as providing support to students. Drawing from our experience in UK higher education, we argue that contemporary academic life can be seen as a constant process of being taken over by different crises. These crises tend to follow a rhythm of brief periods as emergencies subsequently operationalised into forms of ongoing, unresolved crisis. In turn, these crisis rhythms intersect with contrasting rhythms of different actors in university life, specifically that of academics, the institution itself, and students. Drawing from Lefebvre's vocabulary of rhythmanalysis, we argue that the arrhythmia between these different groups in the university is a key part in the failure of higher education to do more than proliferate crisis. Illustrated by our experiences in student-support focused roles during the height of COVID-19 lockdowns, we explore how this particular crisis imposed itself as emergency but was then absorbed into the group of ongoing crises which impact on academic life. The paper concludes with suggestions of alternative approaches to university workload for staff and students alike, which might render university life more eurhythmic and equitable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article uses Lefebvre’s rhythmanalysis to critically explore and make-sense-of the (co-)productive schemes of ‘coaching rhythm(s)’ at Alvour Football Club (a pseudonym). The first author spent seven months at a semi-professional football club by living with the group’s weekly schedule of training, meetings, and matches. The precise research methods included (written) field-notes, individual semi-structured interviews, and visual data. The findings introduce and explicate how the group’s rhythmic flow of the week was subject to the perpetual manipulation and imposition of the coaching staff, while also being politically negotiated, and simultaneously resisted by athletes. Specifically, the analysis uses the interplay between ‘eurhythmia’, ‘polyrhythmia’, and ‘arrythmia’ to understand the subtle and nuanced routines of coaching, and how individuals become sensitive to their production. In addition to introducing the value of understanding rhythm(s) in coaching, it is hoped the rhythmanalysis offered in this paper contributes an original interpretation of the taken-for-granted everydayness of coaching, which can challenge many of the assumed mechanical overtones that currently exist. Doing so, the paper offers a new reading of coaching as manipulating rhythm(s). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses Paul Fraisse’s early study of the timing of what he called ‘spontaneous’ rhythms, where people were required to perform a specified sequence of spaced taps on a response key without the times between the responses being controlled. Results come from his doctoral thesis, carried out under the supervision of Albert Michotte in Louvain/Leuven in Belgium between 1935 and 1937. In spite of the lack of timing instructions, responses were divided into ‘short times’ (around 200 ms), ‘long times’ (usually around 450 ms), and ‘pauses’ (the times between execution of consecutive rhythmic sequences). This division held over changes in the tap sequence, when different patterns of three, four, and five responses were produced. A later experiment varied total sequence duration, including the pauses, and the ratio of long to short times was approximately preserved even with marked changes in sequence duration, except at the slowest speed. Fraisse regarded the pause as having a different function from the short and long times. It changed only slightly when the pattern changed, but marked changes in the duration of the pause did not affect the pattern. Fraisse suggested it was a kind of separator, needed to maintain the rhythmic structure of the patterns, and used the idea of a temporal ‘Gestalt’ where the pause represented the ‘ground’ or ‘framework’ and the rhythmic sequence the ‘Figure ’. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractExisting research has explored how walking can stimulate creativity through the rhythm of footsteps. Researchers have also studied the positive effects of various sounds on creativity and creative thinking. However, the effects and potential benefits on creativity of the combination of footsteps and sounds remain unexplored. To fill this gap, we designed a FSI framework which we call Footstep and Sound Interactions. FSI encompasses three modes - Footstep-driven Sound Stimulation (FSS), Sound-driven Footstep Regulation (SFR), and Random Footstep and Sound Interactions (RFSI). We then conducted a user study in indoor and outdoor environments which compares the effects of three FSI modes with a walking only condition. Our results indicate that: (1) The FSS mode demonstrated higher performance in body awareness and attention regulation in both indoor and outdoor environments; (2) the creativity scores of indoor participants were higher than those of outdoor participants; (3) The indoor FSS mode produced greater creativity compared to the indoor RFSI mode; (4) Participants in the indoor FSS mode showed a significant correlation between heart rate and cadence with creativity compared to other groups; etc. Based on the findings, we discuss the FSI framework, the effects of FSI related to attention and creativity in the context of the walking experience, and we also discuss design implications and future work for the investigation and development of interactive (Footstep and Sound) technologies aimed at enhancing creativity while walking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sleep and feeding patterns lack strong daily rhythms during early life. As diurnal animals mature, feeding is consolidated to the day and sleep to the night. In Drosophila, circadian sleep patterns are initiated with formation of a circuit connecting the central clock to arousal output neurons; emergence of circadian sleep also enables long-term memory (LTM). However, the cues that trigger the development of this clock-arousal circuit are unknown. Here, we identify a role for nutritional status in driving sleep-wake rhythm development in Drosophila larvae. We find that in the 2nd instar larval period (L2), sleep and feeding are spread across the day; these behaviors become organized into daily patterns by the 3rd instar larval stage (L3). Forcing mature (L3) animals to adopt immature (L2) feeding strategies disrupts sleep-wake rhythms and the ability to exhibit LTM. In addition, the development of the clock (DN1a)-arousal (Dh44) circuit itself is influenced by the larval nutritional environment. Finally, we demonstrate that larval arousal Dh44 neurons act through glucose metabolic genes to drive onset of daily sleep-wake rhythms. Together, our data suggest that changes to energetic demands in developing organisms trigger the formation of sleep-circadian circuits and behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emerging research suggests that music and rhythm-based interventions offer promising avenues for facilitating functional outcomes for autistic individuals. Evidence suggests that many individuals with ASD have music processing and production abilities similar to those of neurotypical peers. These individual strengths in music processing and production may be used within music therapy with a competence-based treatment approach. We provide an updated perspective of how music and rhythm-based interventions promote sensory and motor regulation, and how rhythm and music may then impact motor, social, and communicative skills. We discuss how music can engage and motivate individuals, and can be used intentionally to promote skill acquisition through both structured and flexible therapeutic applications. Overall, we illustrate the potential of music and rhythm as valuable tools in addressing skill development in individuals on the autism spectrum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Musical interactions are a common and multimodal part of an infant’s daily experiences. Infants hear their parents sing while watching their lips move and see their older siblings dance along to music playing over the radio. Here, we explore whether 8- to 12-month-old infants associate musical rhythms they hear with synchronous visual displays by tracking their dynamic visual attention to matched and mismatched displays. Visual attention was measured using eye-tracking while they attended to a screen displaying two videos of a finger tapping at different speeds. These videos were presented side by side while infants listened to an auditory rhythm (high or low pitch) synchronized with one of the two videos. Infants attended more to the low-pitch trials than to the highpitch trials but did not display a preference for attending to the synchronous hand over the asynchronous hand within trials. Exploratory evidence, however, suggests that tempo, pitch, and rhythmic complexity interactively engage infants’ visual attention to a tapping hand, especially when that hand is aligned with the auditory stimulus. For example, when the rhythm was complex and the auditory stimulus was low in pitch, infants attended to the fast hand more when it aligned with the auditory stream than to misaligned trials. These results suggest that the audiovisual integration in rhythmic non-speech contexts is influenced by stimulus properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research Highlights When exposed to rhythmic patterns with temporal regularity, adults exhibit an inherent ability to extract and anticipate an underlying sequence of regularly spaced beats, which is internally constructed, as beats are experienced even when no events occur at beat positions (e.g., in the case of rests). Perception of rhythm and synchronization to periodicity is indispensable for development of cognitive functions, social interaction, and adaptive behavior. We evaluated neural oscillatory activity in premature newborns (n = 19, mean age, 32 ± 2.59 weeks gestational age) during exposure to an auditory rhythmic sequence, aiming to identify early traces of periodicity encoding and rhythm processing through entrainment of neural oscillations at this stage of neurodevelopment. The rhythmic sequence elicited a systematic modulation of alpha power, synchronized to expected beat locations coinciding with both tones and rests, and independent of whether the beat was preceded by tone or rest. In addition, the periodic alpha‐band fluctuations reached maximal power slightly before the corresponding beat onset times. Together, our results show neural encoding of periodicity in the premature brain involving neural oscillations in the alpha range that are much faster than the beat tempo, through alignment of alpha power to the beat tempo, consistent with observations in adults on predictive processing of temporal regularities in auditory rhythms. In response to the presented rhythmic pattern, systematic modulations of alpha power showed that the premature brain extracted the temporal regularity of the underlying beat. In contrast to evoked potentials, which are greatly reduced when there is no sounds event, the modulation of alpha power occurred for beats coinciding with both tones and rests in a predictive way. The findings provide the first evidence for the neural coding of periodicity in auditory rhythm perception before the age of term. In response to the presented rhythmic pattern, systematic modulations of alpha power showed that the premature brain extracted the temporal regularity of the underlying beat.In contrast to evoked potentials, which are greatly reduced when there is no sounds event, the modulation of alpha power occurred for beats coinciding with both tones and rests in a predictive way.The findings provide the first evidence for the neural coding of periodicity in auditory rhythm perception before the age of term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most organisms possess three biological oscillators, circadian clock, cell cycle, and redox rhythm, which are autonomous but interact each other. However, whether their interactions and autonomy are beneficial for organisms remains unclear. Here, we modeled a coupled oscillator system where each oscillator affected the phase of the other oscillators. We found that multiple types of coupling prevent a high H2O2 level in cells at M phase. Consequently, we hypothesized a high H2O2 sensitivity at the M phase and found that moderate coupling reduced cell damage due to oxidative stress by generating appropriate phase relationships between three rhythms, whereas strong coupling resulted in an elevated cell damage by increasing the average H2O2 level and disrupted the cell cycle. Furthermore, the multicellularity model revealed that phase variations among cells confer flexibility in synchronization with environments at the expense of adaptability to the optimal environment. Thus, both autonomy and synchrony among the oscillators are important for coordinating their phase relationships to minimize oxidative stress, and couplings balance them depending on environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Circadian rhythms are a ubiquitous feature throughout the organism. Accumulating evidence suggests that the dysfunction of circadian rhythms due to genetic mutations or environmental factors contributes to the genesis and progress of multiple diseases. The physiological homeostasis of the ocular surface, like any other tissue or organ, is also orchestrated by circadian rhythms. In this review, we summarize the molecular clocks and the expression of clock-controlled genes in the mammalian ocular surface. Based on the circadian expression of these genes, we conclude the diurnal oscillations of cellular biological activities in the mammalian ocular surface. Moreover, we evaluate the factors entraining circadian oscillators in the ocular surface. Finally, we further discuss the latest development of the close correlation between circadian rhythms and ocular health. Briefly, this review aimed to synthesize the previous studies to aid in understanding the importance of circadian rhythms in the ocular surface and the possible opportunities for circadian rhythm-based interventional strategies to restore the homeostasis of the ocular surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is a common valvular heart disease worldwide, and current guidelines for TR treatment are relatively conservative, as well as with detrimental outcomes. Restoration of sinus rhythm was reported to improve the TR severity in those TR patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, relevant research was limited. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of restoration of sinus rhythm in TR patients with AF. Methods: In this study, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched for study enrollment until July 2023. This study was designed under the guidance of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. These studies containing the patient's baseline characteristics, surgical procedure, and at least one of the clinical outcomes were included. The primary endpoint was TR grade during follow-up after restoration of sinus rhythm. Results: Out of 1074 records, 6 were enrolled. Restoration of sinus rhythm is associated with a reduction of TR severity (TR grade, odds ratio 0.11, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.01 to 1.28, P = 0.08, I2 = 83%; TR area, mean difference (MD) -2.19 cm2, 95% CI: -4.17 to -0.21 cm2, P = 0.03, I2 = 96%). Additionally, remolding of right heart with a significant reduction of tricuspid valve annulus diameter (MD -0.36 cm, 95%CI: -0.47 to -0.26 cm, P < 0.00001, I2 = 29%) and right atrium volume index (MD -11.10 mL/m2, 95%CI: -16.81 to -5.39 mL/m2, P = 0.0001, I2 = 79%) was observed during follow-up. Conclusions: In conclusion, rhythm-control therapy could reduce TR severity in AF patients with TR and is associated with right heart remodeling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The master circadian clock, located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN), organizes the daily rhythm in minute ventilation (V ̇ E). However, the extent that the daily rhythm in V ̇ E is secondary to SCN-imposed O2 and CO2 cycles (i.e., metabolic rate) or driven by other clock mechanisms remains unknown. Here, we experimentally shifted metabolic rate using time-restricted feeding (without affecting light-induced synchronization of the SCN) to determine the influence of metabolic rate in orchestrating the daily V ̇ E rhythm. Mice eating predominantly at night exhibited robust daily rhythms in O2 consumption (V ̇ O2), CO2 production (V ̇ CO2), and V ̇ E with similar peak times (approximately ZT18) that were consistent with SCN organization. However, feeding mice exclusively during the day separated the relative timing of metabolic and ventilatory rhythms, resulting in an approximately 8.5-h advance in V ̇ CO2 and a disruption of the V ̇ E rhythm, suggesting opposing circadian and metabolic influences on V ̇ E. To determine if the molecular clock of cells involved in the neural control of breathing contributes to the daily V_ E rhythm, we examined V ̇ E in mice lacking BMAL1 in Phox2b-expressing respiratory cells (i.e., BKOP mice). The ventilatory and metabolic rhythms of predominantly night-fed BKOP mice did not differ from wild-type mice. However, in contrast to wild-type mice, exclusive day feeding of BKOP mice led to an unfettered daily V̇ E rhythm with a peak time aligning closely with the daily V ̇ CO2 rhythm. Taken together, these results indicate that both daily V ̇ CO2 changes and intrinsic circadian time-keeping within Phox2b respiratory cells are predominant orchestrators of the daily rhythm in ventilation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An introduction and reflection on the selected papers at the 2021 Textile and Place Conference. Written by Uthra Rajgopal, Independent Curator, during her Curatorial Residency at the Shrujan Living and Learning Design Centre, Kutch, India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Undertaking certain activities at the time of day that maximises fitness is assumed to explain the evolution of circadian clocks. Organisms often use daily environmental cues such as light and food availability to set the timing of their clocks. These cues may be the environmental rhythms that ultimately determine fitness, act as proxies for the timing of less tractable ultimate drivers, or are used simply to maintain internal synchrony. While many pathogens/parasites undertake rhythmic activities, both the proximate and ultimate drivers of their rhythms are poorly understood. Explaining the roles of rhythms in infections offers avenues for novel interventions to interfere with parasite fitness and reduce the severity and spread of disease. Here, we perturb several rhythms in the hosts of malaria parasites to investigate why parasites align their rhythmic replication to the host's feeding‐fasting rhythm. We manipulated host rhythms governed by light, food or both, and assessed the fitness implications for parasites, and the consequences for hosts, to test which host rhythms represent ultimate drivers of the parasite's rhythm. We found that alignment with the host's light‐driven rhythms did not affect parasite fitness metrics. In contrast, aligning with the timing of feeding‐fasting rhythms may be beneficial for the parasite, but only when the host possess a functional canonical circadian clock. Because parasites in clock‐disrupted hosts align with the host's feeding‐fasting rhythms and yet derive no apparent benefit, our results suggest cue(s) from host food act as a proxy rather than being a key selective driver of the parasite's rhythm. Alternatively, parasite rhythmicity may only be beneficial because it promotes synchrony between parasite cells and/or allows parasites to align to the biting rhythms of vectors. Our results also suggest that interventions can disrupt parasite rhythms by targeting the proxies or the selective factors driving them without impacting host health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

If our sociality is intertwined with the logics of social media, then the examination of the temporalities that are immanent in these technologies contributes to the understanding of our very conditions of existence. And even if algorithmic sorting is increasingly employed to deliver what is "relevant" at the "right-time," the notion of "real-time" still permeates these platforms' operations. Through a critical phenomenological approach, I examine the interplay of chronological and algorithmic ordering. To operationalize the idea of temporality as both subjectively experienced and always arranged by the platforms themselves, I use rhythm as an analytical device. Based on accounts of lived experience obtained through the conduction of the diary-interview method with London-based social media users, I foreground how "the algorithm" is used as a vehicle to make sense of platforms' temporalities, reflecting struggles and negotiations over social coordination and temporal control. I argue that realtimeness is also rhythmic, and can therefore be scrutinized as a "sensorial orchestration." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Sonic Boom" emphasizes the sonic virtuosity of A Song to David and explores the relation between its heightened musicality and its peculiar route to placement in literary history. We should not let one of Smart's masterpieces, the anticipatory Jubilate Agno , supplant all discussion of the very different but equally masterly Song. Whether we position Smart between Pope and Wordsworth or between the Quakers and the Beats, his achievement necessarily alters our understanding of poetic possibilities in the middle of the eighteenth century. As a formally achieved religious ecstasy, the poem alters our sense of what the affordances of eighteenth-century poetry were. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]