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This article examines the extent to which the increasing ethnic diversity of Northern Europe’s population translates into exposure between natives and migrants (and their descendants) in the workplace, using Danish register data over nearly three decades. Consistent with the expectations of neo-assimilation theory, we find that Danish workplaces have become a common site of mutual exposure, including exposure between natives and two subcategories of culturally distant migrants. At the same time, consistent with segmented assimilation theory, we find increasing segmentation, even in a highly regulated Danish labour market. The distribution of migrants and their descendants in workplaces increasingly deviates from a (simulated) random distribution and we find increasing discrepancies between opportunity pools and exposure levels, particularly at the lower end of the labour market. By opening the black box of workplace composition, this article demonstrates the co-occurrence of increased exposure and labour market segmentation, with its potential to respectively facilitate and hinder integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article studies the social relationships of natives in the destination countries of migrants. Specifically, the article estimates the share of non-natives in natives' friendship opportunity pools (FOP) and its correlation with natives only having native friends. Danish data is used due to a unique possibility of linking register information, allowing the establishment of an objective measurement of FOP at various levels, and survey information, allowing the measurement of natives' friendship composition, at the individual level. In our sample, 55 per cent of the natives have a migrant friend, and it is found to be strongly correlated with FOP. In line with Blau's macro-sociological framework and assimilation theory, we thereby find support for a transformation of the 'weak' friendship ties of natives in destination countries. The FOP effects are found to be stronger for older respondents and those with negative attitudes toward immigration. The effects are found across measurement at the neighbourhood-, parish – and municipal level and after control for general attitudes toward immigration. In models with three levels simultaneously included, the effects are present at the neighbourhood and municipal level, but absent at the parish level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Subjective well-being (SWB) is emerging as an important measure of individual and societal progress. Among the many individual factors associated with SWB, the quality of the neighbourhood is recently receiving growing attention as a factor shaping self-reported life satisfaction in contemporary societies. However, to the best of our knowledge, studies focusing on the perceived quality of the neighbourhood are still scant. We aim to fill this gap, comparing self-reported life satisfaction of different population groups (i.e., immigrants and natives) living in European countries, and to analyse the association between self-reported life satisfaction and the perceived quality of the neighbourhood, controlling for individual socio-demographic and human capital variables and socio-economic characteristics of the country of residence. The data are drawn from the cross-sectional European Quality of Life Survey (EQLS) of 2016. Our findings reveal that first and second-generation immigrants report lower self-reported life satisfaction compared to natives. Moreover, our findings show that the positive subjective evaluation of the characteristics and services available in the immediate neighbourhood where people live is positively associated with self-reported life satisfaction. There is also a positive relationship between contacts and social networks in the neighbourhood and self-reported life satisfaction. Finally, the characteristics of the country of residence matter for both native and immigrants' life satisfaction, with immigrants being more satisfied in countries with higher quality of life captured by country gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, life expectancy and unemployment rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Japanese government has made a significant effort to attract foreign talents to live and work in Japan, but did not pass laws to prohibit ethnic discrimination. Since the employment status of permanent immigrants living in Japan is still unclear, this study uses large-scale population census data to examine this issue based on a theoretical model of unemployment. First, as illustrated in our descriptive statistics, compared to Japanese natives, the unemployment rate is generally lower for US and UK immigrants while higher for immigrants from Asian and South American countries. However, after controlling for human capital, individual and household characteristics, and residential region, the results indicate that immigrants across all groups have significantly higher unemployment probabilities than natives. Second, being an immigrant greatly reduces the probability of permanent employment in Japan after controlling for observed factors including industry and occupation. Furthermore, the study finds evidence for assimilation among immigrants from Asian and South American countries, while there is a high probability that immigrants from the US and UK fail to assimilate in terms of obtaining permanent employment during the same sample period. Finally, the results of the nonlinear decomposition analysis indicate different contributions of factors to the group average of native–immigrant gaps among different immigration groups. The results of this study suggest that employment problems and possible ethnic penalties exist widely for immigrants living in Japan, the issues of which should be seriously tackled given the country's rapidly growing immigrant population. This study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence from a host country with a very low level of labor mobility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Historia y Sociedad (01218417) is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y Economicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This bibliography provides a list of sources related to the establishment of colleges in Israel's periphery and the challenges they faced. It includes books, articles, theses, and archival documents that offer insights into the history, policies, and difficulties surrounding the development of higher education in these regions. These sources can be valuable for library patrons conducting research on this specific topic. [Extracted from the article]

This paper discussed the trends in school administration and educational development from the time of the natives until now. Secondary data was used to support the points raised in the paper using an interpretive research paradigm by sourcing data from print and online resources. Several reformations and national educational policies were implemented at intervals to channel the developmental course. The finding from this study showed that incessant strike actions by the university unions, the proscription of the earlier approved private universities and cause, and the merging of some institutions during the military era were a setback to the expected development. Access to higher education is improved with the licensures of private universities and the embrace of open distance education. Challenges include corruption, decayed infrastructures, cultism, examination malpractices, poor ranking, underbudgeting for education, poor research output, brain drain, politicization of education, school dropout, and so on. It is recommended that the government increase the educational budgetary allocation, and the appropriate government agencies should monitor educational activities.

This article employs a critical Black Atlantic frame to re-examine, re-evaluate and reinterpret the historical memory of the Black Peril in South Africa. It exposes the Black Peril as a wide-ranging racist discourse that demonised Black men as potential rapists of white women. This racist narrative was vehemently expressed in early twentieth-century South Africa. A key finding of this work is that the Black Peril was a highly successful racist campaign because it not only led to the criminalisation of interracial sex between Black men and white women but was also used to justify racist laws that had far-reaching effects on social relations in the broader society – eventually yielding a white supremacist state (apartheid) – which proceeded to use the Black Peril discourse to mobilise an aggressive racialisation process for both whites and Blacks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the well-documented harmful effects of Native-themed mascots, Native-themed mascots have many supporters who decry the politically correct efforts to remove these mascots. Although ostensibly unrelated to race/racism, we reasoned that invoking anti-PC attitudes allow prejudiced people to indirectly support Native-themed mascots while minimizing the appearance of being biased. Three studies (N = 587) found that anti-Native bias predicted anti-PC attitudes and, in turn, Native-themed mascot support. In Studies 2 and 3, participants varying in anti-PC attitudes considered a university changing their Native-themed mascot for PC or non-PC reasons. Anti-PC attitudes predicted opposition to changing Native-themed mascots in both conditions. However, the effect of anti-PC attitudes was stronger in the PC condition where social justice norms were salient. These results suggest that, for many, anti-PC attitudes reflect more than just opposition to political correctness and are used by prejudiced people to indirectly defend controversial mascots without appearing prejudiced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plants native to the United States, defined as those being present before European settlement, have aesthetic and environmental benefits. In 2018, only 10% of plant sales were native plants, a plant category that tends to be underrepresented in many residential and commercial landscapes. Although earlier research indicated that consumers find native plants less aesthetically appealing relative to introduced species, more recent research reported a growing demand for native plants. Thus, a better understanding of consumer perceptions would facilitate their marketing. We used an online survey of 1824 participants representing five geographic regions (West, Southwest, Midwest, Southeast, and Northwest) to classify adopters based on their purchase of native plants. A double-hurdle model was used to estimate factors influencing purchasing native plants among US homeowners, and the factors influencing the amount spent on native plants in 2021. Demographically, metropolitan, college-educated, and younger participants were more likely to be native plant adopters; they also spent 80% more on plants compared with nonnative plant adopters. More native plant adopters agreed that native plants were better for the environment than exotic plants (68%), are readily available in their area (67%), and are better adapted to difficult sites (75%). Marketing efforts should capitalize on the environmental benefits to stimulate purchases.

In New Caledonia, a French archipelago situated in the Pacific Ocean and benefiting from a large autonomy, the population, which included natives and non-natives, is diverse depending on how long they have been settled in the territory. Non-natives, who have settled in successive waves since 1855 in the context of colonization and then of the 1960s nickel boom, can be divided between Caldoches, metropolitans and other minorities (especially Asians and Oceanians), despite widespread interbreeding. This diversity is reflected in the territory by a division between inalienable Kanak customary lands and lands transferable to other populations, and by the maintenance of a customary system which was institutionalized in 1999 with the establishment of a customary Senate. The Matignon-Oudinot agreements (1988) thus ratified a division of the archipelago between the Kanaks (Northern Province and the islands) and the Caldoches (Southern Province).

Copyright of Anuario Colombiano de Historia Social y de la Cultura is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas, Departamento de Historia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Prospectiva is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Australian Aboriginal community has been on the land for 70,000 years and the contribution goes from medicine to food. Even in architecture, the invasion not only took the land but also destroyed them. They have covered millions of plants and weed out the poisons. This migrated community changed the barren lands of Eden to liveable space, they had a peculiar way of having urban designs, planning of architectures and even the art in the public form. During 1788, post the war The British wanted to take over the land to build prisons and have the prisoners in the island. The population of Aboriginal's were more than 250,000 later the colonists killed many due to the unnamed disease and refused to treat them. This left only with less than 50,000, they removed the indigenous people of the land and even declined the citizenship rights, they were removed in mass numbers, converted and even kidnapped to be slaves. The purpose of this research is to bring out the hardships and misery gone through the community for several hundred years. These people own the land straight away; they have been evaded and their houses have been destroyed by the ones with heavy machinery. Australia's first people were buried in the same land while their children were being slaved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multiple conservative parties in Europe and Australia have enjoyed a considerable level of electoral success in recent times on the back of their restrictionist asylum agendas. These agendas are often justified by the symbolic threat argument, which asserts that forced migrants hold values that represent a threat to host societies. However, despite the immense consequences of this belief, its empirical validity has rarely been investigated in previous literature. We addressed this problem by comparing the responses of forced migrants (N = 163) and both Australian and European (French, British, Polish and Spanish) natives (N = 816) to the same 10-item value questionnaire using latent profile analysis. Our findings revealed that forced migrant values appear to be at odds with established liberties in France, Spain, the UK and Australia, and to a much lesser extent, Poland. We encourage future researchers to use these discoveries as a basis for developing further knowledge on intergroup value discrepancies to ultimately facilitate peaceful integration of forced migrants in their host countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The theme of this article has as its scope of study one of the former Argentine National Territories (Chaco), and deals with the analysis of the discursive and epistolary exchanges exposed regarding the theme of indigenous integration during the forties, framed in a context of growing missionary activity by pastors of Protestant origin. Some new knowledge resulting from recent research in regional archives of northeastern Argentina is presented here. In this case we focus on the points of view raised as a result of the action of some of these missionaries, who with their work were able to demonstrate novel methodologies to obtain an unusual insertion of the natives within these new societies and in the process of formation. We also try to explain the reasons for the official reactions to this phenomenon, finally evaluating the innovations and advances that were outlined or produced in this regard during the forties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This article aims to present the situation of the political participation of native women in the District of Lamas, San Martín Region and how this right promotes their empowerment, as well as a brief diagnosis referring to the strategies and mechanisms that have been implemented by the regional authorities to contribute to the promotion of these rights. This research is based on the collection of information, the analysis of data and the evaluation of the actions that promote this participation, in addition to their problems and demands. The objective is to promote the empowerment of the capacities of native women leaders of organizations in the sector, to make feasible the proposals of political advocacy and governance in the space where they are positioning themselves, seeking the protection of the State in defense of their interests, and that through the relevant mechanisms and strategies on the part of the authorities, the barriers that these women have to face to assert their rights are broken, either due to lack of education or the ethnic electoral quota that contemplates only intermediate public positions such as regional and provincial councils, leaving a great deficit in positions of national representation and at the localmunicipal level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to explore the intergenerational transmission of female labor force participation from mothers to children. Using data collected by the European Social Survey from 2002 to 2018 (N = 118,219), we analyse four different samples of native and immigrant women and men in order to assess the relationship between working mothers and their daughters and sons' wives participation to the labour market. For both native and immigrant women, having had their mothers employed when the respondents were 14 was associated with higher probability they were employed at the time of survey. Similarly, for both native and immigrant men, having had their mothers employed when the respondents were 14 was associated with higher probability their wives were employed at the time of the survey. We concentrate our attention on the role of religion. We find that religiosity is negatively related to the participation of women in the labour market, with differences between those who had a working mother and those who had not. Results of some augmented models indicate that the intergenerational transmission of female labor force participation varies according to religious affiliation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This essay focuses on the connective networks among Native peoples that the Jesuit Colegio of San Gregorio and the Good Death Congregation promoted. Specifically, it discusses how aspects of what the article calls the economy of salvation allowed for the strengthening of social networks among Natives in the central part of Mexico City. Through the establishing of pious works within the colegio that supported the congregation's activities, Indigenous peoples fostered a sense of cohesiveness and bolstered their ethnic identities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Anthropometric measures have been classically used to understand the impact of environmental factors on the living conditions of individuals and populations. Most reference studies on development and growth in which anthropometric measures were used were carried out in populations that are located at sea level, but there are few studies carried out in high altitude populations. Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the anthropometric and body composition in autochthonous Kiwcha permanently living at low and high altitudes. Methodology A cross-sectional study of anthropometric and body composition between genetically matched lowland Kiwcha from Limoncocha (n = 117), 230 m in the Amazonian basin, and high-altitude Kiwcha from Oyacachi (n = 95), 3800 m in Andean highlands. Student’s t-test was used to analyze the differences between continuous variables, and the chi-square test was performed to check the association or independence of categorical variables. Fisher’s exact test or Spearman’s test was used when the variable had evident asymmetries with histograms prior to the selection of the test. Results This study shows that high altitude men are shorter than their counterparts who live at low altitude, with p = 0.019. About body muscle percentage, women at high altitudes have less body muscle percentage (− 24.8%). In comparison, men at high altitudes have significantly more muscle body mass percentage (+ 13.5%) than their lowland counterparts. Body fat percentage was lower among low altitude women (− 15.5%), and no differences were found among men. Conclusions This is the first study to be performed in two genotyped controlled matching populations located at different altitudes to our best knowledge. The anthropometric differences vary according to sex, demonstrating that high altitude populations are, in general, lighter and shorter than their low altitude controls. Men at high altitude have more muscled bodies compared to their lowland counterparts, but their body age was older than their actual age.

In spite of having an empire that was second only to Britain's by 1914, the French people remained mostly unconvinced by and mistrustful of the colonial idea. There is no better proof of this than the French colonial films between 1918 and 1945 which depicted the empire in a particularly unattractive way while seemingly advocating the colonial cause. The paradox is all the more surprising given that the negative image that emerges from the films made in France around the colonial theme was not the manifestation of an anti-colonialism subtly disguised to avoid governmental censorship, but the mere expression of the general feeling of the French about their colonies. The lack of Gallic enthusiasm for the empire translated on screen into an intrinsic mistrust for what was regarded as the epitome of danger and despair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Southeast Asia (SEA) has one of the longest records of modern human habitation out-of-Africa. Located at the crossroad of the mainland and islands of SEA, Peninsular Malaysia is an important piece of puzzle to the map of peopling and migration history in Asia, a question that is of interest to many anthropologists, archeologists, and population geneticists. This review aims to revisit our understanding to the population genetics of the natives from Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo over the past century based on the chronology of the technology advancement: 1) Anthropological and Physical Characterization; 2) Blood Group Markers; 3) Protein Markers; 4) Mitochondrial and Autosomal DNA Markers; and 5) Whole Genome Analysis. Subsequently some missing gaps of the study are identified. In the later part of this review, challenges of studying the population genetics of natives will be elaborated. Finally, we conclude our review by reiterating the importance of unveiling migration history and genetic diversity of the indigenous populations as a steppingstone towards comprehending disease evolution and etiology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Hipogrifo: revista de literatura y cultura del siglo de oro is the property of Hipogrifo: revista de literatura y cultura del siglo de oro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Intus-Legere Historia is the property of Intus-Legere Historia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Southeast Asia (SEA) has one of the longest records of modern human habitation out-of-Africa. Located at the crossroad of the mainland and islands of SEA, Peninsular Malaysia is an important piece of puzzle to the map of peopling and migration history in Asia, a question that is of interest to many anthropologists, archeologists, and population geneticists. This review aims to revisit our understanding to the population genetics of the natives from Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo over the past century based on the chronology of the technology advancement: 1) Anthropological and Physical Characterization; 2) Blood Group Markers; 3) Protein Markers; 4) Mitochondrial and Autosomal DNA Markers; and 5) Whole Genome Analysis. Subsequently some missing gaps of the study are identified. In the later part of this review, challenges of studying the population genetics of natives will be elaborated. Finally, we conclude our review by reiterating the importance of unveiling migration history and genetic diversity of the indigenous populations as a steppingstone towards comprehending disease evolution and etiology.

It is known that psychoactive plants containing hallucinogenic compounds that cause changes in perception and condition have been used in rituals by indigenous peoples for thousands of years. In this context, ayahuasca, a psychoactive beverage, has an important place in the religious, medical, social, and artistic lives of many indigenous tribes living in the Amazon forests since ancient times. Shamans, who regard ayahuasca as a means of opening people's perception of the spiritual world, used it for a wide variety of purposes such as magic, divination, diagnosis and treatment of diseases, hunting, etc. Ayahuasca is an extract obtained by mixing and boiling two plants native to the Amazon Forest, Banisteriopsis caapi and Psychotria viridis. The active chemical components of these herbs include harmine, harmaline, tetrahydroharmine and dimethyltryptamine (DMT). When either plant is ingested alone, it shows no noticeable effect. However, when the two plants are brewed together for many hours, they induce an extraordinary visionary mood. The main function of ayahuasca is to establish contact with other realms through these visions. Because of the hallucinogenic visions that make this contact possible, the drink is used among Amazonian groups in mass ceremonies as a means of spiritual guidance, protection from spirits, gaining knowledge, and also curing diseases. Indigenous people state that they comprehend the truths about themselves and the universe by accessing important information through visions formed under the influence of this plant. In addition, it is seen that the ayahuasca ritual also acts as a social network that transfers the spiritual and cultural accumulation of the tribe from generation to generation. With all these elements, ayahuasca ceremonies have been the most important spiritual ritual in this region for centuries. But Ayahuasca is a very powerful brew that ought to be taken with respect and under the right conditions for indigenous people, otherwise its haphazard use can turn into a dangerous and often confusing experience, rather than an enlightening one. Although its first use probably appeared among the inhabitants of the rainforests, ayahuasca is recorded today in most major urban centers in South America, particularly in Brazil, as well as in the United States, the Netherlands, Spain, Italy, and even Japan. Many works have been written in the West about ayahuasca, which has moved far beyond its geographical and cultural borders today, and the subject continues to be investigated from various aspects. In our country, there is no independent research on this plant, which is considered sacred by the Amazon natives, in the field of History of Religions. With this study, we aim to contribute to the research to be carried out in our field by addressing issues such as its characteristics, how the ayahuasca ritual is performed, the visions that occur during the ritual, and the meaning and importance of the ritual for the indigenous people in the Amazon basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How does economic inequality affect support for redistribution to native citizens and immigrants? While prior studies have examined the separate effects of inequality and immigration on redistribution preferences, the interaction between inequality and communal identity has been largely overlooked. This article explains that inequality triggers selective solidarity. Individuals exposed to inequality become more supportive of redistribution – but only if the redistribution benefits native-born citizens. Inequality therefore reinforces the already popular opinion that native citizens deserve welfare priority and widens the gap between support for natives and support for immigrants. This study first provides cross-national evidence with survey data linked to contextual socio-economic indicators from advanced industrialized countries. To evaluate causally identified effects, it then presents the results of a survey experiment administered to a nationally representative sample of Italian citizens. The findings imply that economic inequality can increase support for populist radical right parties that advocate discrimination in access to welfare services based on native citizenship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a destructive and serious problem among indigenous populations around the world. The drinking pattern differs from the non-indigenous populations by being short-term risky drinking such as binge drinking. In general, the treatment offered is based on conventional western strategies, though, in many regions' treatment facilities are poor. The present review summarizes the researched possibilities for alcohol treatment specific to indigenous populations. Method: A systematic search in four databases, Pubmed, Psyinfo, Cochcrane and Cinahl within the past ten years identified 19 articles that investigate the effect of different approaches to treat indigenous people with AUD. Result: Several studies suggest implementing native and traditional ways of healing in the treatment. Community-driven approaches have shown effect in the reduction of AUD among indigenous youth, as well as a web based brief intervention, motivational interviewing, and alcohol restrictions. Also, naltrexone as firstline medical treatment is suggested. Discussion and conclusion: In general, the studies included have a moderate to low quality and are difficult to compare but can provide an overview of elements that seem important in the treatment of indigenous people. There is a lack of research of both conventional treatment and treatment specific tailored to indigenous populations. The latter specifically minded to community prevention, the involvement of local people and implementing cultural traditions and healing methods and rebuilding native identity, seems as important elements in future treatment and prevention strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies concerning anthroponymy allow us to examine the history of every population. The investigation for this inquiry was carried out through records from the 16th century. Imposed surnames were obtained from adult indigenous persons in a part of the north central region of Mexico. The individuals of the primordial population had their own anthroponymy, before the arrival of the conquerors, however, they were subject to great modifications by the West European imperial forces. This study presents the first surnames of Spanish origin that were used to register indigenous adults as landowners. This nomenclature is the origin in Mexico of legal nominations in said indigenous subjects.

The reflection on land and territory involves many other old and new themes, often subjected to a rethink due to new archaeological discoveries or recent historical models. In this article I propose some general reflections on some aspects: they are historical (the landscape), social (the aristocracies), economic (land management), cultural (the relationship with the natives), politics (the foundation of the greek cities and its internal hierarchies). They are all related and thus they define a concrete dimension to contextualize many aspects of the recent theoretical debate on Greek colonization.

Copyright of Cuadernos de Música, Artes Visuales y Artes Escénicas is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Working poverty is a phenomenon that is only marginally on the agenda of policymakers. Studies on the working poor, which are usually based on sample data, fail to put the oeil-de-boeuf on the most vulnerable. This paper aims at observing the characteristics of the Ambrosian working poor with the focus on natives and migrants by experimental administrative data from Istat to identify specific areas of poverty risk. To this end, logistic regressions and tree models of the poverty despite work as a function of socio-demographic variables have been specified. Both individual worker and family variables were considered. The results, in line with the reference literature, allow for an in-depth spatial and sub-population analysis resulting from the combination of the study dimensions for which there are high risks of in-work poverty, for example citizenship and household work intensity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a considerable number of studies that analyze the benefits of language(s) in the labor market. It is a sensitive topic because of its relevance for language maintenance, and therefore, for the selective acculturation of immigrants in host societies. In this paper, the effect of non-English language fluency on the occupational attainment of immigrants and natives is analyzed, both in terms of occupational wages and socio-economic status. Results indicate that there is no advantage associated with non-English language fluency, either for natives or immigrants. Rather, a penalty for the specific case of Spanish fluency among immigrants was found. Three explanations from previous literature regarding the benefits of bilingualism in the labor market – human capital, devaluation and discrimination— are discussed in relation to the obtained results. The paper concludes with some recommendations about the recognition of language diversity in the labor market and policies aimed at the integrative acculturation of immigrants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non‐native species have invaded most parts of the world, and the invasion process is expected to continue and accelerate. Because many invading non‐native species are likely to become permanent inhabitants, future consideration of species‐area relationships (SARs) should account for non‐native species, either separately or jointly with native species. If non‐native species occupy unused niches and space in invaded areas and extinction rate of native species remains low (especially for plants), the resultant SARs (with both native and non‐native species) will likely be stronger. We used published and newly compiled data (35 data sets worldwide) to examine how species invasions affect SARs across selected taxonomic groups and diverse ecosystems around the world. We first examined the SARs for native, non‐native, and all species. We then investigated with linear regression analyses and paired or unpaired t tests how degree of invasion (proportion of non‐native species) affected postinvasion SARs. Postinvasion SARs for all species (native plus non‐native) became significantly stronger as degree of invasion increased (r2 = 0.31, p = 0.0006), thus, reshaping SARs worldwide. Overall, native species still showed stronger and less variable SARs. Also, slopes for native species were steeper than for non‐native species (0.298 vs. 0.153). There were some differences among non‐native taxonomic groups in filling new niches (especially for birds) and between islands and mainland ecosystems. We also found evidence that invasions may increase equilibrial diversity. Study of such changing species–area curves may help determine the probability of future invasions and have practical implications for conservation. Article Impact Statement: Increasingly, altered species–area relationships due to non‐native species invasions affect future conservation efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the province of Ziro (Center-west of Burkina Faso), endowed with good agricultural potential, the increase in demographic pressure and the strong dynamics of commodefication driven by land policies combine locally to exacerbate competition for land and cause problems of land insecurity for migrants. The goal of this text is to question the links between these policies (state support policy for agribusiness and Law 034- 2009 on rural land tenure) and the changes in the relations between migrants and natives in Ziro. It also underlines the difficulties migrants have in mobilizing to their advantages, in the context of the implementation of Law 034-2009, the arbitration bodies linked to land withdrawals. Finally, it is interested in the analysis of the strategies that these migrants develop to secure their rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of this observational study was firstly, to assess the Health-related Quality of Life (HrQoL) among migrants and German natives in Hamburg, Germany, using the SF-12 mental and physical summary scores and secondly, to evaluate the contribution of selected sociodemographic and socioeconomic variables to explain the variance in mental and physical HrQoL separately for migrants and natives. Methods: Face-to-face interviews were conducted with n=809 participants between May 2018 and July 2019 in six randomly selected statistical districts of Hamburg grouped into four levels of socioeconomic status (SES). The SF-12 questionnaire was used to measure the HrQoL. Socioeconomic (school education, income) and sociodemographic (age, gender, marital status, children) data was recorded, too. Results: Migrants and natives scored higher in mental (migrants: M=45.77, SD=7.66; natives: M=47.60, SD=6.14) than in physical HrQoL (migrants: M=42.55, SD=5.55; natives: M=42.03, SD=4.71). Natives had a significantly higher (p

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Copyright of Revista Electrónica de Estudios Penales y de la Seguridad is the property of Revista Electronica de Estudios Penales y de la Seguridad and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)