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The article discusses research into how the human brain functions, focusing on examination of the processes of attention, working memory, logical and rational thought, learning, knowledge, creativity, and intelligence. Topics include the various specialized systems within the brain dedicated to each function, models used in cognitive neuroscience research and issues with current understanding of them, and exploration of the possible evolutionary and behavioral benefits of each process. Specific studies published in other journals are discussed.

This article discusses research aimed at discovering how individuals become experts within their respective fields through the examination of chessmasters and their mental processes. The rapid, knowledge-guided perception used by champion chessplayers to effectively organize their moves within a complex and changing system has begun to be examined in musicians, physicians, and other experts. This method of informational organization may someday be used in education.

Discusses various aspects of intelligence. Essential aspects of intelligence; Universal definition of intelligence; Speculation on the emergence of intelligence; Humans' passion for language; Application of principles to the evolution of intelligence. INSET: A meditation on creative thought, by Stanislaw M. Ulam..

Considers benefits of conventional wisdom in U.S. politics. Opposition of many leftists to conventional wisdom; Examples of this, including comments from John Kenneth Galbraith; Reasons why journalists oppose conventional wisdom; Comment on conventional wisdom's basis in pragmatic philosophy as a source of authority; Accuracy of conventional wisdom, as exemplified by political analyst David Gergen.

The author presents his thoughts on why education should focus more on teaching students wisdom and ethics in addition to a simply academic approach to knowledge. He defines wisdom as seeking a common good through the balance of individual, group, and higher interests along with positive ethical values, suggesting that standardized tests and curricula do not address such means of thinking. In addition, he states that many people considered smart who have knowledge and analytical-reasoning skills lack wisdom and therefore act foolishly because they believe they are incapable of doing so. Academic ethics are also explored.

The article discusses how participatory learning environments with a focus on knowledge building can promote clear learning benefits to both students and teachers. It describes the three inquiry projects implemented to encourage intellectual engagement among students including the World As One project for Grade 7 students and the Millarville Archeology Dig for Grade 4 and 5 students. Also analyzed is the Science, Intellectual Complexity and Collaboration Project for junior high students.

Pendant longtemps au 20e siècle, l'intelligence était principalement perçue comme étant innée et fixe, un don attribué à certains et refusé à d'autres. La recherche actuelle démontre cependant à quel point I'intelligence est malléable. Les différences constatées entre les groupes raciaux et ethniques ou entre les sexes dans les résultats de tests de rendement scolaire ont souvent servi à justifier la notion que l'intelligence est surtout héréditaire; mais des preuves convaincantes indiquent maintenant que les conditions d'examen peuvent atténuer considérablement ces différences. Par ailleurs, la nouvelle perception des « êtres doués » reconnaît qu'il s'agit d'une habileté ou d'un talent particulier qui peut augmenter et diminuer au fil du temps, selon les comportements et les circonstances. La recherche précise des façons dont les aptitudes intellectuelles peuvent être accentuées et dont le rendement intellectuel peut être améioré à l'aide de pratiques pédagogiques rehaussant la perception qu'ont les élèves de leurs propres habiletés. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The scope of knowledge space theory was extended by bringing into the picture the underlying skills and capabilities that are relevant to solving the problems in a knowledge domain. A major challenge to this approach comes from the need to aggregate distributed information on (partially) overlapping domains and skill sets. The notion of a distributed skill function is introduced for formalizing the integration of several skill functions that represent the assignment of skills to problems. It is shown that their consistency is captured by the meshability of the delineated knowledge structures. This result draws upon a characterization of the meshing of finite or infinite collections of knowledge structures, which extends and generalizes previous results on the binary case. The discussion covers implications for knowledge assessment and for practical applications, such as integrating skill assignments coming from different experts or distributed resources in technology-enhanced learning. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Purpose - This paper seeks to present a proposal to change the form in which knowledge is produced in Colombia. Design/methodology/approach - Discusses the key issue - to transform the way in which the production of knowledge is currently taking place at the university level. Findings - To be able to increase the production of knowledge in this country there is a need to create bonds among industrial, governmental, and academic institutions. It is believed that this can be done by the development of a system capable of continuously forming researchers at a doctoral level. Originality/value - The paper puts forward a proposal for the construction of such a system based on the developments of organizational cybernetics. The proposal is based on the concept of autonomy which is crucial to solve this problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ponders how common sense have been abandoned with the growing number of lawsuits in the U.S. resulting from stupid conduct. Examples of lawsuits that demonstrate how stupidity is rewarded; Consequences of the Reverse Darwinism phenomenon; Virtues of U.S. founders.

The article focuses on imparting knowledge to student as the most important duty of teachers without biasing between black and white. It informs that knowledge is considered to be the foundation for high-level thinking when student develop skills to analyse a concept, evaluate a theory and solve problems. It also discusses the philosophical basis of knowledge that distinguish priori knowledge from posteriori knowledge.

The article focuses on the book "The Problem of Knowledge," by A.J. Ayer. Ayer lashed out against the metaphysics enemy with the fervor of a Calvinist minister denouncing sin. His aim was to establish once and for all which statements are meaningful and which are not. The Problems of Knowledge is a bracing excursion into the rigors of epistemology; the fact that Ayer so often contradicts his own earlier doctrines in a sign, not of confusion, not of a weary maturity, but of a passionate intellectual honesty persisting long after the mental fireworks of his youth have sputtered out.

The author points out that people's desire for knowledge needs to compel them to act. Topics discussed include knowledge enabling people to make informed decisions, the author's protests against Republicans in 2017 and her resolution in 2018 not to buy any clothing to protest the exploitation in sweatshops and the impact of synthetic wardrobes to the environment.

The article compares knowledge and technology know-how. The author describes knowledge as universal, necessary and certain truths about reality while know-how is about experience that is concrete, particular, dependent on context and constantly changing. He reveals that know-how poses no threat to anyone's beliefs about reality and truth unlike knowledge, which has an intrinsic conflict with religious beliefs. Impacts of the scandal over knowledge and religion are also discussed.

The article discusses the domain of religious ideas. According to the author, religious idea is enclosed in the private sphere of faith and conscience and the authority of greater ideas in the public sphere is a possible compromise where the outcomes of an individual and groups are anticipated. He further asserts that in circumstances where ideas are held in unimportant manner, all individuals have the right to be interested.

The article focuses on the author's views about the importance of eliminating stupidity for the persistence of human intelligence. Issues addressed by novelist Sebastian Faulks in a speech at the London Library about the collapse of knowledge in young people are outlined. According to the author, good judgment is required for intelligence to prevail.

The article reports on a Columbia University study which showed that a person's belief that he can get smarter can actually make him more knowledgeable. The study revealed that a group of students who were told that intelligence can change and that it could increase over time showed more motivation academically and improved significantly over the course of two years.

The article presents information on the periodical "The New Criterion," which has completed its twenty-third volume with the present issue. In their first issue, publishers had promised a "dissenting critical voice" to challenge "the dishonesties and hypocrisies and disfiguring ideologies" that had become so deeply rooted in the arts, the media, commercial culture, and the academy. This they have continued with unmatched clarity, independence, and intelligence. The journal is in a deep sense a collaborative effort, conjoining the energies of their writers, readers, and an increasingly large family of supporters. As an intellectual enterprise, it is synonymous with its writers.

Probes into the ideas of Tony Buzan on how children can optimize the use of their brain to uncover their latent genius. Creation of the Mind Map as a memory aid; Significance of imagination and association to unlock the potential of the memory; Potential of children to flourish under the right conditions.

Focuses on the meaning of intelligence and how it has shifted. Assertion that the generation of people under the age of 30 should be called the Resourceful Generation; How this generation craves the next new thing; Decline in the number of young people who read literature; Use of the Internet to gain knowledge.

Describes the learning abilities of eighth-graders in a multidisciplinary project at Seattle Girls' School where the students built a Mini Max Sport 1600R airplane in their study of instrumentation, navigation and air traffic control. Study of the students' learning styles and brain chemistry; Emphasis on the students' ability to grasp and retain knowledge in an environment free of the distraction of boys.

Discusses the decline of a professional's intellectual capacity as compared to an atom's half life. Reason why fresh engineering graduates are offered high salaries; Significance of maintaining competency; Implications of searching for new knowledge.