Search

The present problem is offered for the visualization of the MHD flow of non-Newtonian Cross-hybrid nanoliquid with the application of Darcy–Forchheimer through the porous medium toward the moving thin needle. Further, the present work described the engineering applications of the non-Newtonian fluids. Commonly, the non-Newtonian liquids are useful for lubricating purposes including greases and Engine oil (EO), etc. Additionally, the computations for Hall current and viscous dissipation are deliberated for the enhancement of flow behavior. The heat transmission phenomenon is discussed under the Cattaneo–Christov heat flux theory instead of Fourier's law. Engineering applications of the homogeneous and heterogeneous chemical reactions are analyzed in the current analysis. EO has an enormous application in the engineering fields, and therefore in the present work EO is used as a base liquid and molybdenum disulfide MoS 2 and graphene oxide GO are the nanoparticles. The hybrid nanofluid showed more satisfactory results in the enhancement of the heat transport in the engineering fields as compared to the nanofluids and regular fluids; therefore the MoS 2 and GO are mix-ups in the EO. The present model is developed in the form of PDEs which can be altered into ODEs through the execution of suitable similarity transformations. A homotopic analysis scheme is adopted for the analytic simulation of the transformed ODEs. The velocity, energy, and mass curves are computed against different flow parameters in a pictorial form. Skin friction and Nusselt in contour graphs are discussed. Key findings from this inspection are that both nanoparticle volume fractions declined the velocity profile but augmented the temperature of the hybrid nanoliquid. Further, it is noted that boosting the Schmidt has significantly reduced the hybrid nanofluid concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compared with methanol (pure) and blood, methanol‐ and blood‐based nanofluids are significant with numerous characteristics, including thermophysical effects and immersion rate of CO2 in tray column absorber. Blood‐based liquids show importance in biological treatments like digestion as well as breathing systems. Mixed convective conditions and suction or injection are helpful in controlling the heating or the cooling in industrial applications. Keeping this in view, we examined the physical perception of entropy generation (EG) in a mixed convective hybrid nanofluid (HBN) flow with chemical reaction, cross‐diffusion, and transpiration in a curved surface with activation energy and thermal radiation. Transformed principal equations are determined with the assistance of a fourth‐order Runge–Kutta method with a shooting technique. We obtained solutions for two different cases, that is, for hybrid (mixture of cases) (magnetite + hematite + blood) and (magnetite + hematite + methanol). Obtained results are discussed via graphs and tables. Also, we discussed the effects of the Bejan number and the EG. We found that the EG appears more conspicuously in the case of magnetite + hematite + methanol compare to magnetite + hematite + blood case. We also found that in the magnetite + hematite + methanol case the flow and heat transfer characteristics are more pronounced compared with that in the case of magnetite + hematite + blood. This helps us to choose magnetite + hematite + blood or magnetite + hematite + methanol compositions in the manufacturing industry. Furthermore, the rate of heat transfer can be enhanced up to 16.42% in the case of methanol‐based HBN while the rate of heat transfer can be enhanced up to 19.16% in the case of blood‐based HBN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In chemical engineering, the materials that is drawn or stretched continuously its surface velocity initially increases with distance from the orifice. The extruded material is also simultaneously cooled to provide solidification through a water bath or spraying with a coolant. Due to such applications and others, the present study concerns with the film deposition of Casson nanoliquid heat and mass transfer bioconvection flow with homogeneous‐heterogeneous chemical reactions, entropy generation, thermal radiation and magnetic dipole effects. The mechanical system has been proposed by the governing equations and boundary conditions which are simplified by the use of suitable similarity transformations. Homotopy analysis method is applied to obtain the series solution of non‐linear ordinary differential equations. Physical behaviors of heat and mass transfer flow with entropy generation and spray rate are investigated through the embedded parameters. Velocity is decreased with Casson nanofluid, ferromagnetic, porosity and inertial parameters while temperature is increased with thermal radiation, ferromagnetic, porosity and inertial parameters. Concentration of chemical reaction is increased with Schmidt and Reynolds numbers as well as heterogeneous chemical reaction parameter while motile microorganisms concentration is decreased with bioconvection Lewis, Peclet, and Reynolds numbers. Entropy generation is increased with thermal radiation, diffusivity and porosity parameters while spray rate is decreased with high values of film size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research article presents the magnetohydrodynamic Casson fluid flow through an extending surface embedded in a porous medium. Furthermore, the Casson fluid flow is investigated under the effects of thermal radiation, Joule heating, viscous dissipation, and chemical reaction. The analytical solution of the modeled problem is utilized with the help of homotopy analysis method (HAM). The convergence region of the applied technique is portrayed graphically. The impacts of the embedded factors on the flow profiles are exhibited with the help of figures. Furthermore, numerical values of the surface drag force, heat, and mass transfer rates are highlighted via table. The results show that the augmented Darcy number, Casson and magnetic parameters have declined the velocity profile of the Casson fluid flow. Growth in Brownian motion augments the chaotic motion amongst the particles due to which the kinetic energy of the particles transforms to heat energy which consequently augmented the thermal profile, while reduced the concentration profile. The mass and energy profiles are positively effects with the increment of thermophoresis term. And the growing values of chemical reaction and Lewis number cause a reduction in the diffusivity of mass of fluid due to which less transfer of mass takes place that weakens the concentration layer thickness and declines the concentration profiles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is focused to discuss the applications of non‐Newtonian fluid in engineering problems. In this article magneto‐hydrodynamics Casson fluid have taken with ramped temperature along an infinite plate with oscillations. In addition, in the present study we have considered the effect of porous media, chemical reaction, and radiation. Mostly, non‐Newtonian fluids uses for the lubrication purposes such as, engine oil, grease, and so forth. In the present study engine oil EO is selected as base fluid due to enormous applications in engineering. To enhance the rate of heat transfer two nanoparticles molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and graphene oxide (GO) dispersed in EO. To transform the classical model into time fractional model Caputo–Fabrizio derivative have been used. To obtain the exact solutions for the proposed problem the Laplace transform is used. The solutions are depicted through graphs for various parameters to show the influence on fluid flow. Finally, we have compared the rate of heat transfer using different nanoparticles. It is worth noting that by using (MoS2) nanoparticle the heat transfer of engine oil can be enhanced up to 6.35% and by adding GO in regular engine oil the heat transfer can be enhanced up to 5.49%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a numerical study of MHD steady flow due to a rotating disk with mixed convection, Darcy Forchheimer's porous media, thermal radiation, and heat generation/absorption effects are explored. A strong magnetic field is applied in perpendicular direction to the flow which governs the Hall current effects. Homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions are also taken into account. For the simplification of partial differential equations (PDEs) into the nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs), the method of generalized Von Karman similarity transformations is employed, and the resulting non-dimensional ordinary differential equations are solved by using the homotopy analysis method (HAM). Effects of different parameters on the axial, radial and tangential velocity profiles, temperature and concentration of chemical reaction profiles are analyzed and discussed. The present work's remarkable finding is that with the expansion of nanoparticles size, dimensionless constant parameter, local Grashof number, porosity parameter, Hall current, and suction parameter, the nanofluid radial velocity is enhanced. For the higher values of magnetic field parameter, the tangential velocity and nanofluid temperature are enhanced. The magnetic field parameter and the disk thickness coefficient parameter have similar impacts on the axial velocity profile. Heterogeneous chemical reaction parameter decreases the concentration of chemical reaction profile. The nanoparticles volume fraction increases the concentration of chemical reaction profile. Furthermore, the present results are found to be in excellent agreement with previously published work in tabulated form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the effects of variable characteristics are analyzed on a three-dimensional (3D) dusty Casson nanofluid flow past a deformable bidirectional surface amalgamated with chemical reaction and Arrhenius activation energy. The surface is deformable in the direction of the x-axis and y-axis. The motion of the flow is induced due to the deformation of the surface. The impression of Soret and Dufour's effects boost the transmission of heat and mass. The flow is analyzed numerically with the combined impacts of thermal radiation, momentum slip, and convective heat condition. A numerical solution for the system of the differential equations is attained by employing the bvp4c function in MATLAB. The dimensionless parameters are graphically illustrated and discussed for the involved profiles. It is perceived that on escalating the Casson fluid and porosity parameters, the velocity field declines for fluid-particle suspension. Also, for augmented activation energy and Soret number, the concentration field enhances. An opposite behavior is noticed in the thermal field for fluctuation in fluid-particle interaction parameters for fluid and dust phase. Drag force coefficient increases on escalating porosity parameter and Hartmann number. On amplifying the radiation parameter heat and mass flux augments. A comparative analysis of the present investigation with an already published work is also added to substantiate the envisioned problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study characterizes the effects of Hall current, Arrhenius activation energy and binary chemical reaction on the rotating flow of hybrid nanofluid in two double disks. By the use of suitable similarity transformations, the system of partial differential equations and boundary conditions for hybrid nanofluid are transformed to ordinary differential equations which are solved through optimal homotopy analysis method. The intensified magnetic field and hybrid nanofluid performances are represented in three dimensional model with flow, heat and mass transfer. Radial velocity decreases and tangential velocity increases with the Hall parameter. Temperature rises with high values of rotation parameter while it decreases with the Prandtl number. Nanoparticles concentration enhances with the increments in Arrhenius activation energy parameter and stretching parameter due to lower disk. There exists a close and favorable harmony in the results of present and published work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Entropy optimization in convective viscous fluids flow due to a rotating cone is explored. Heat expression with heat source/sink and dissipation is considered. Irreversibility with binary chemical reaction is also deliberated. Nonlinear system is reduced to ODEs by suitable variables. Newton built in shooting procedure is adopted for numerical solution. Salient features velocity filed, Bejan number, entropy rate, concentration and temperature are deliberated. Numerical outcomes for velocity gradient and mass and heat transfer rates are displayed through tables. Assessments between the current and previous published outcomes are in an excellent agreement. It is noted that velocity and temperature show contrasting behavior for larger variable viscosity parameter. Entropy rate and Bejan number have reverse effect against viscosity variable. For rising values of thermal conductivity variable both Bejan number and entropy optimization have similar effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current disquisition is expressed to elucidate the mathematical and engineering aspects of tangent hyperbolic liquid over a cone and plate which has valuable applications in industrial technological instruments such as cone and plate viscometer, spinning column technology, and biomass pyrolysis processing. The role of mixed convection and chemical reaction on physical features of fluid is considered. The attained coupled system is scrutinized by the aid of self-coded shooting method. In order to produce accuracy and refinement in the consequences, the coefficients of Runge–Kutta scheme are obliged. To get complete intellect about the current pagination, the impact of flow controlling variables on pertinent profiles are evaluated in quantitative and qualitative manner. The computations of wall drag force and heat and mass fluxes are presented pictorially and tabularly. From the thorough analysis, it is deduced that surface drag and convective thermal coefficient for cone is more in magnitude compared with those of plate. Similarly, dominance in thermal field is noted for cone compare with that in plate. Increment of velocity profile is revealed with enhancement in mixed convection parameter, whereas contrasting behavior is observed by varying Williamson and magnetic field parameters. Declining aptitude in thermal profile is exhibited against Prandtl number, whereas temperature of fluid mounts by changing the Brownian movement and thermophoresis parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The model developed in this study presents a mathematical approach to the physiological transport of seminal liquid due to ciliary movements, which are attached with the lumen of the ductile efferent in the male reproductive system. The rheological properties of the seminal liquids were described using the Jeffrey liquid model. The problem described an electromagnetic mixed convective flow of a Jeffrey liquid through a vertical channel with heat and mass transfers. The effects of chemical reactions and the external heat generation were included in the formulation. The flow took place through an active porous medium (due to thick cilia mat and other deposits) and was influenced by the Lorentz magnetic force. Four basic conservation laws of mass, momentum, energy, and concentration were utilized in the mathematical modeling. These are highly nonlinear equations, which were simplified due to a physiologically valid approach known as LAT (lubrication approximation theory). Analytical solutions for temperature, concentration, and velocity profiles were evaluated. The expressions describing the pressure–volume flow rate relationships were also obtained. Analysis of various physical and geometrical factors affecting the pressure–volume (pumping) characteristics was also presented. One of the main findings of our study is that the difference between our calculated values of the flow rate and the estimated values of the flow rate in the ductile efferent was negligibly small. Moreover, our results can be implemented in the artificial cilia pumping systems in microchannels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Muhammad Ramzan, Poom Kumam and Raees Khan have not responded to correspondence from the Editors about this retraction. As the authorship could not be verified the Editors no longer have confidence in the content of this article. Retraction of: I Scientific Reports i https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98881-1, published online 29 September 2021 The Editors have retracted this article. [Extracted from the article]

Because of the floating magnetic nanomaterial, ferrofluids have magneto-viscous properties, enabling controllable temperature changes as well as nano-structured fluid characteristics. The study's purpose is to evolve and solve a theoretical model of bioconvection nanofluid flow with a magnetic dipole effect in the presence of Curie temperature and using the Forchheimer-extended Darcy law subjected to a vertical cone surface. The model also includes the nonlinear thermal radiation, heat suction/injection, viscous dissipation, and chemical reaction effects. The developed model problem is transformed into nonlinear ordinary differentials, which have been solved using the homotopy analysis technique. In this problem, the behavior of function profiles are graphically depicted and explained for a variety of key parameters. For a given set of parameters, tables representthe expected numerical values and behaviors of physical quantities. The nanofluid velocity decreases as the ferrohydrodynamic, local inertia, and porosity parameters increase and decrease when the bioconvection Rayleigh number increases. Many key parameters improved the thermal boundary layer and temperature. The concentration is low when the chemical reaction parameter and Schmidt number rises. Furthermore, as the bioconvection constant, Peclet and Lewis numbers rise, so does the density of motile microorganisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To achieve considerably high thermal conductivity, hybrid nanofluids are some of the best alternatives that can be considered as renewable energy resources and as replacements for the traditional ways of heat transfer through fluids. The subject of the present work is to probe the heat and mass transfer flow of an ethylene glycol based hybrid nanofluid (Au-ZnO/C 2 H 6 O 2 ) in three dimensions with homogeneous-heterogeneous chemical reactions and the nanoparticle shape factor. The applications of appropriate similarity transformations are done to make the corresponding non-dimensional equations, which are used in the analytic computation through the homotopy analysis method (HAM). Graphical representations are shown for the behaviors of the parameters and profiles. The hybrid nanofluid (Au-ZnO/C 2 H 6 O 2 ) has a great influence on the flow, temperature, and cubic autocatalysis chemical reactions. The axial velocity and the heat transfer increase and the concentration of the cubic autocatalytic chemical reactions decreases with increasing stretching parameters. The tangential velocity and the concentration of cubic autocatalytic chemical reactions decrease and the heat transfer increases with increasing Reynolds number. A close agreement of the present work with the published study is achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]