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The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore the experiences of one music teacher (the researcher) and two intact classrooms of 3- to 6-year-old children who engaged in world music lessons as a pathway to developing empathy. Participants in each of the two classes engaged in a 30-minute world music lesson once per week for 8 weeks, and each lesson included a different musical culture. Data sources for this study included semi-structured interviews with early childhood center directors and teachers. Further data included transcripts and video recordings of class sessions, researcher field notes, childcare center curriculum documents, and planning documents. Findings indicated that this world music-based approach was successful in generating curiosity about the world, making empathetic connections with others, navigating new and different sounds and experiences with respect, and inviting children into the role of expressing empathy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bibliotherapy is a technique that invites children to see themselves in the characters of carefully selected children’s literature with the intention of making connections, building empathy, developing social skills, processing difficult situations, and more. The purpose of this article is to explore the intersections of bibliotherapy, social and emotional learning (SEL), and approaches in elementary music. Many music educators already implement children’s literature in the classroom—bibliotherapy provides a deeper dimension to these existing literature-related activities. Strategies for implementation of bibliotherapy in music settings are offered including specific books addressing each of the five components of the SEL framework: Self-Awareness, Self-Management, Social Awareness, Relationship Skills, and Responsible Decision-Making.

Background: Abdominal obesity remains a high public health concern. Within the United States, there are noted disparities among different ethnic/racial groups in relation to obesity, especially for females. Purpose: The purpose of this secondary analysis project was to examine the differences in nutritional intake, food sources, and meal planning and food shopping between Hispanic, White, Black, and Asian females by abdominal obesity level in the United States. Methods: The 2017–2018 National Health Nutrition Examination data was used. Major variables included race/ethnicity, waist circumference (WC), nutritional intake, food source, and food shopping and meal planning behaviors. Descriptive statistics, correlational analyses, a series of two-way factorial analysis of variance, and odds ratio analyses were conducted to address research questions. Findings: When comparing nutritional intake and food source by different racial/ethnic groups and abdominal obesity level, there were no interaction effects for all categories across groups. However, for the racial/ethnic main effects and obesity main effects, significant differences among groups were noted for nutritional intake and food source categories. There were no differences in food shopping and meal preparation between abdominal obesity and non-obese participants in each racial/ethnic group. Conclusions: Similarities and differences were noted between racial/ethnic groups for nutritional intake and sources of food. However, no significant differences were noted between racial/ethnic groups for food shopping and meal preparation behaviors. More research should be done to confirm these findings and further understand food shopping and meal preparation behaviors.

Our guide makes buying thoughtful holiday gifts for people with neurologic conditions fun and easy.

The Lahu people are a culture-sharing group residing in the mountains of southwest China. Their musical expressions are unique and represent many cultural injluences, including Western tonal harmony. In this article, the authors reflect upon their experience with a family of Lahu culture bearers and suggest Odr Schubverk teaching strategies 1.0 engage students in learning about the music and cultitre through a Lahu children's song, The Butterfly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to introduce elementary general music teachers to the Collins Writing Program, a systematic approach to facilitating writing activities in the general music setting. An example of second grade students engaged in a creative project involving both writing and music is explored and analyzed. Reflections upon the process revealed that students were highly motivated to bring their writing skills into the music setting. Additionally, students experienced the development of ensemble skills and ways to connect literacy and the arts to their own lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rethinking the Avant-Garde: Between politics and Aesthetics The University of Notre Dame Center for Continuing Education Conference. April 14-15, 2000 In the academic search for the grail of influence, the [...]

Sensory modulation difficulties are common in children with Autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Whilst both hyporesponsivity and hyperresponsivity have been established in ASD comparative to typically developing controls, it has been proposed that hyporesponsivity may distinguish the sensory profile of ASD from other neurodevelopmental conditions. This paper aimed to systematically evaluate evidence for a syndrome-specific profile of hyporesponsivity in individuals with ASD when compared to individuals from clinical comparison groups, evaluating 10 eligible papers. Support was cautiously identified for a syndrome-specific sensory profile of hyporesponsivity. Four factors that reduced variability in findings were as follows: chronological age, type of comparison group, sensory measure and quality of study. Whilst hyporesponsivity in ASD was identified, the use of poorly defined comparison groups, over-representation of children with ASD and intellectual disabilities, and younger age ranges complicate generalisation of this body of work. Recommendations for further research in this field are offered.

Blast injury is a very complex phenomenon and frequently results in multiple injuries. One method to investigate the consequences of blast injuries is with the use of living systems (animal models). The use of animals allows the examination and evaluation of injury mechanisms in a more controlled manner, allowing variables such as primary or secondary blast injury for example, to be isolated and manipulated as required. To ensure a degree of standardisation across the blast research community a set of guidelines which helps researchers navigate challenges of modelling blast injuries in animals is required. This paper describes the guidelines for Using Animal Models in Blast Injury Research developed by the NATO Health Factors and Medicine (HFM) Research Task Group 234.

BackgroundTraumatic injury is a leading cause of death worldwide. There is a crucial need to develop therapies that improve critically injured patient outcomes. Current trauma research models are ethically and financially challenging, with poor translation. However, traumatic injury and haemorrhagic shock can be modelled using ex-vivo normothermic perfusion (EVNP), a methodology adapted from transplantation. The aim of this study was to develop a 24hr EVNP duel porcine limb and kidney model.MethodEight porcine forelimbs, bilateral kidneys and blood were retrieved via standard protocols. Following <4hrs cold storage, the kidneys were connected to a bespoke Ex-Vivo Research Centre circuit via the renal artery, and a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 80mmHg was maintained. The perfusate consisted of leukocyte-deplete blood and Ringer’s solution. Once the kidney was haemodynamically stable, the limb was connected via the brachial and radial collateral arteries. Haemodynamic parameters were continuously monitored, biochemical perfusate assessment performed hourly and histopathology baseline and end timepoints samples taken.ResultsPerfusion was maintained for 24hrs in all limbs, with blood flows of 345.03mls/min (±54.78 SD) and MAP of 77.57mmHg (±3.82 SD). Three kidneys achieved 24hr perfusion, with flows of 214.53mls/min (±41.6 SD) and MAP of 80.58mmHg (±0.51 SD). Biochemical analysis showed a statistically significant potassium elevation at 24hrs compared to baseline, p=0.0078. A further three kidneys were disconnected from the circuit at 7, 11 and 12hrs, and two kidneys showed decline in flow >15 hrs due to declining haemodynamics. Compared to baseline, evidence of cell death was observed in 24hr muscle samples. In the end-point kidney samples, tubular degeneration, protein loss and necrosis extended along the nephron.ConclusionsLimb EVNP can be successfully achieved for 24hrs, but further protocol improvements are required to sustain renal perfusion for 24hrs alongside adjustments to reduce the ischaemic insult and cell death.

Acute trauma coagulopathy (ATC) is seen in 30 to 40 of severely injured casualties. Early use of blood products attenuates ATC, but the timing for optimal effect is unknown. Emergent clinical practice has started prehospital deployment of blood products (combined packed red blood cells and fresh frozen plasma PRBCs:FFP, and alternatively PRBCs alone), but this is associated with significant logistical burden and some clinical risk. It is therefore imperative to establish whether prehospital use of blood products is likely to confer benefit. This study compared the potential impact of prehospital resuscitation with (PRBCs:FFP 1:1 ratio) versus PRBCs alone versus 0.9 saline (standard of care) in a model of severe injury. Twenty-four terminally anesthetised Large White pigs received controlled soft tissue injury and controlled hemorrhage (35 blood volume) followed by a 30-min shock phase. The animals were allocated randomly to one of three treatment groups during a 60-min prehospital evacuation phase: hypotensive resuscitation (target systolic arterial pressure 80 mmHg) using either 0.9 saline (group 1, n = 9), PRBCs:FFP (group 2, n = 9), or PRBCs alone (group 3, n = 6). Following this phase, an in-hospital phase involving resuscitation to a normotensive target (110 mmHg systolic arterial blood pressure) using PRBCs:FFP was performed in all groups. There was no mortality in any group. A coagulopathy developed in group 1 (significant increase in clot initiation and dynamics shown by TEG thromboelastography R and K times) that persisted for 60 to 90 min into the in-hospital phase. The coagulopathy was significantly attenuated in groups 2 and 3 (P= 0.025 R time and P= 0.035 K time), which were not significantly different from each other. Finally, the volumes of resuscitation fluid required was significantly greater in group 1 compared with groups 2 and 3 (P= 0.0067) (2.8 ± 0.3 vs. 1.9 ± 0.2 and 1.8 ± 0.3 L, respectively). This difference was principally due to a greater volume of saline used in group 1 (P= 0.001). Prehospital PRBCs:FFP or PRBCs alone may therefore attenuate ATC. Furthermore, the amount of crystalloid may be reduced with potential benefit of reducing the extravasation effect and later tissue edema.

The article discusses various suggestions related to health that can help to lose weight. Topics discussed include inclusion of proteins like chicken and eggs in routine diet as they requires more energy to digest, importance of eating early in the day as they help obesity lost, and need of green tea antioxidants that helps to improve blood sugar control.

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Acute trauma coagulopathy in seriously injured casualties may be initiated by tissue hypoperfusion. A targeted (or novel hybrid NH) resuscitation strategy was developed to overcome poor tissue oxygen delivery associated with prolonged hypotension.

The article presents a study which analyzes the odds of favorite horses to win in the thoroughbred horse racing in British Isles. The study examines data gathered from the Racing Post in the British Isles between June 1 and October 31, 2008, wherein the backward stepwise approach was applied and many unimportant variables were excluded. The results of the study show that the period of the day, handicapping, as well as the number of runners are important in determining race results.

The main aim of the ACuteTox project (part of the EU 6th Framework programme) is to demonstrate that animal tests for acute systemic toxicity can be replaced by alternative in vitroassays. In this project, data for 97 reference chemicals were collected in the AcuBase database, designed to handle deposited in vitroand in vivo(human and animal) data. To demonstrate the applicability of in vitrobasal cytotoxicity tests and in vitro–in vivomodelling, it was deemed necessary to obtain data that were generated via defined standard operating procedures. The molar basal cytotoxicity IC50 values (the 50% inhibitory concentrations for the endpoint measured) for a mouse fibroblast cell line (3T3), a human hepatic cell line (HepG2), a rat hepatic cell line (Fa32), and a human neutrophil cell line (HL-60), were compared, and gave an R2correlation of 0.83. To identify chemicals that showed differential cytotoxicity to the various cell types involved, principal component analysis (PCA) was undertaken independently, once all the results had been returned. This showed that colchicine, cycloheximide, digoxin, 5-fluorouracil and hexachlorobenzene gave the lowest correlations with the first score vector of the PCA. The results presented are to be used to identify outliers that need to be further studied via the use of tissue-specific in vitroassays.

Hemorrhage is the leading cause of death in battlefield casualties and the second leading cause of death after civilian trauma. Evacuation time for military casualties to surgical care can be prolonged and improved hemostasis could greatly reduce mortality. There are several anecdotal reports that recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) may arrest uncontrolled bleeding after trauma. However, the majority of prospective randomized controlled trials show little benefit in survival. The aim of this study was to determine whether rFVIIa could increase survival time within a clinically relevant time scale for military practice and reduce the volume of blood loss in a model of incompressible arterial hemorrhage. A secondary aim was to determine the effects of hypotensive versus normotensive resuscitation on the effectiveness of rFVIIa.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Most refugees are less than 18 years and at heightened risk of common mental disorders (CMDs) relative to other youth. Limited evidence exists for psychosocial programsfor youth in low-resource settings. Early Adolescent Skills for Emotions (EASE) was developed by the World Health Organization to address this gap.Objectives: This study tested the safety, feasibility, and trial procedures of the EASE intervention among Syrian refugee youth in preparation for a definitive randomized controlled trial (RCT).Methods: A feasibility RCT was conducted in Amman, Jordan with Syrian children aged 10–14 years who reported psychological distress. Following community screening, youth and their caregivers were randomized to receive either the EASE intervention or enhanced treatment as usual (ETAU). EASE comprised seven group sessions teaching children coping skills, and caregivers received three group sessions to augment the youth sessions. Assessments were conducted at baseline and 1 week following the last EASE session (8 weeks following baseline). Following the trial, a qualitative process evaluation with staff and beneficiaries took place. Primary outcomes were safety and feasibility indicators, and distress was measured by the Paediatric Symptom Checklist.Results: In November 2018, 179 children were screened; 61 (33%) met criteria for distress (34.1%), two were excluded for suicidal risk, and 59 were randomized (EASE = 33, ETAU = 26). Of those who received EASE, 26 children (79%) completed the intervention. Group attendance was high and no adverse events were reported in either arm. Psychological distress did not show signs of abating in either group over time.Conclusion: This feasibility trial demonstrated the safety and acceptability of the intervention. Important lessons were learnt regarding entry criteria into the study and engagement of caregivers in the intervention. A fully powered randomized controlled trial will be conducted to evaluate the efficacy of EASE.

Information about several topics discussed during the Sensor Augmented Bass Clarinet research (SABRe) symposium held in Zurich, Switzerland on February 3-4, 2011 on the role of manufacturing an electroacoustic bass clarinet is presented. Topics including a prototype of the new sensored clarinet, various types of sensors to the acoustic bass clarinet and other technologies attached to the instrument. The symposium featured several speakers including Laura Carmichael, Petra Stump and Henri Bok.

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