1,972 results on '"Shai AN"'
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2. Divine love in Hosea 11
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Held, Shai
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Judaism -- Laws, regulations and rules ,Religion -- Laws, regulations and rules ,Government regulation ,Philosophy and religion - Abstract
Human parents, even good ones, have limits. God does not AT ITS HEART, JUDAISM IS ABOUT LOVE. If you find that claim surprising, you're not alone. Many Christians and Jews--and, [...]
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- 2024
3. Thou shalt not bear false witness
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Cherry, Rabbi Shai
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Judaism ,Government ,Philosophy and religion - Abstract
George Bernard Shaw is reputed to have quipped that America and England are two countries separated by a common language. When it comes to the Ten Commandments, Judaism and Christianity [...]
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- 2024
4. New Corporate Form in the World of Professional Sports: How the PBC Can Curb Team Relocation.
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Kalansky, Shai, Santos, Michael, Irvin, Daniel, and Mac Cormac, Susan
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Sports team owners -- Laws, regulations and rules ,Business relocation -- Laws, regulations and rules ,Sports franchises -- Laws, regulations and rules ,Sports teams -- Laws, regulations and rules ,Disclosure (Securities law) -- Laws, regulations and rules ,Fiduciary duties -- Laws, regulations and rules ,Government regulation - Abstract
I. Introduction In recent decades, the relocation of professional sport franchises has steadily increased. While there are a multitude of factors that influence franchise relocation, the existing ownership structure in [...]
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- 2024
5. BEINC IN THE WORLD WITH CINEMA
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Heredia, Shai, Kapadia, Payal, and Sen, Priya
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Filmmakers ,Education -- Methods ,Motion pictures - Abstract
In this conversation with Shai Heredia, critically acclaimed filmmakers Payal Kapadia and Priya Sen address some of the new realities and issues that artists are dealing with today and how [...]
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- 2023
6. Just How Bad Is Academic Self-Censorship? It turns out we're not so afraid of tackling controversial subjects
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Dromi, Shai M. and Stabler, Samuel D.
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Censorship -- Educational aspects ,Prejudices -- Educational aspects ,Universities and colleges -- Social aspects -- United States ,Censorship issue ,Education - Abstract
ACCUSATIONS of bias in academe have become increasingly common. In Congress, on December 5, conservatives raised concerns to three college presidents: 'This is so sadfully and shamefully revealing that there's [...]
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- 2024
7. Treating Scars After Burns With Pulsed Electric Fields in the Rat Model
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Mann, Din, Bar-Shai, Nurit, Levkov, Klimentiy, Gabay, Batel, Vitkin, Edward, Nyska, Abraham, Yarmush, Martin, Shalom, Avshalom, and Golberg, Alexander
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Reducing scar size after severe burn injuries is an important and challenging medical, technological, and social problem. We have developed a battery-powered pulsed electric field (PEF) device and surface needle electrode applicator to deliver PEFs to the healing dorsal burn wound in rats. The pulsed electric field was used to treat residual burn wounds caused by metal contact in rats starting 10 days after the injury for 4 months every 11 or 22 days for 4 months using varying time applied voltages at 250-350 V range, 400 mA current, 40 pulses, 70 μs duration each, delivered at pulse repetition frequency 10 Hz at 5 locations inside the wound. We found 40%-45% reduction in the scar size in comparison with untreated controls in both upper and lower dorsal locations on rats’ backs 2 months after the last PEF application. We have not detected significant histopathological differences in the center of the scars besides the thickness of the newly generated epidermis, which was thicker in the PEF-treated group. We showed that minimally invasively applied PEFs through needle electrodes are effective method and device for treating residual burn wounds in the rat model, reducing the size of the resulting scars, without any adverse reaction.
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- 2024
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8. Glycemic control contributes to the neuroprotective effects of Mediterranean and green-Mediterranean diets on brain age: the DIRECT PLUS brain-magnetic resonance imaging randomized controlled trial
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Pachter, Dafna, Kaplan, Alon, Tsaban, Gal, Zelicha, Hila, Meir, Anat Yaskolka, Rinott, Ehud, Levakov, Gidon, Salti, Moti, Yovell, Yoram, Huhn, Sebastian, Beyer, Frauke, Witte, Veronica, Kovacs, Peter, von Bergen, Martin, Ceglarek, Uta, Blüher, Matthias, Stumvoll, Michael, Hu, Frank B, Stampfer, Meir J, Friedman, Alon, Shelef, Ilan, Avidan, Galia, and Shai, Iris
- Abstract
We recently reported that Mediterranean (MED) and green-MED diets significantly attenuated age-related brain atrophy by ∼50% within 18 mo.
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- 2024
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9. Floquet theory and stability for a class of first order differential equations with delays
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Domoshnitsky, Alexander, Berenson, Elnatan, Levi, Shai, and Litsyn, Elena
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A version of the Floquet theory for first order delay differential equations is proposed. Formula of solutions representation is obtained. On this basis, the stability of first order delay differential equations is studied. An analogue of the classical integral Lyapunov–Zhukovskii test of stability is proved. New, in comparison with all known, tests of the exponential stability are obtained on the basis of the Floquet theory. A possibility to achieve the exponential stability is connected with oscillation of solutions.
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- 2024
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10. Intensive induction chemotherapy vs hypomethylating agents in combination with venetoclax in NPM1-mutant AML
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Bewersdorf, Jan Philipp, Shimony, Shai, Shallis, Rory M., Liu, Yiwen, Berton, Guillaume, Schaefer, Eva J., Zeidan, Amer M., Goldberg, Aaron D., Stein, Eytan M., Marcucci, Guido, Bystrom, Rebecca P., Lindsley, R. Coleman, Chen, Evan C., Ramos Perez, Jorge, Stein, Anthony, Pullarkat, Vinod, Aldoss, Ibrahim, DeAngelo, Daniel J., Neuberg, Donna S., Stone, Richard M., Garciaz, Sylvain, Ball, Brian, and Stahl, Maximilian
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•OS of patients aged ≥60 years with NPM1-mutant AML was similar with IC vs HMA/VEN after adjustment for clinicopathologic characteristics.•Patients with normal cytogenetics and without a concurrent FLT3internal tandem duplication mutation might benefit from treatment with IC over HMA/VEN.
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- 2024
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11. ATMgerm line pathogenic variants affect outcomes in children with ataxia-telangiectasia and hematological malignancies
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Elitzur, Sarah, Shiloh, Ruth, Loeffen, Jan L. C., Pastorczak, Agata, Takagi, Masatoshi, Bomken, Simon, Baruchel, Andre, Lehrnbecher, Thomas, Tasian, Sarah K., Abla, Oussama, Arad-Cohen, Nira, Astigarraga, Itziar, Ben-Harosh, Miriam, Bodmer, Nicole, Brozou, Triantafyllia, Ceppi, Francesco, Chugaeva, Liliia, Dalla Pozza, Luciano, Ducassou, Stephane, Escherich, Gabriele, Farah, Roula, Gibson, Amber, Hasle, Henrik, Hoveyan, Julieta, Jacoby, Elad, Jazbec, Janez, Junk, Stefanie, Kolenova, Alexandra, Lazic, Jelena, Lo Nigro, Luca, Mahlaoui, Nizar, Miller, Lane, Papadakis, Vassilios, Pecheux, Lucie, Pillon, Marta, Sarouk, Ifat, Stary, Jan, Stiakaki, Eftichia, Strullu, Marion, Tran, Thai Hoa, Ussowicz, Marek, Verdu-Amoros, Jaime, Wakulinska, Anna, Zawitkowska, Joanna, Stoppa-Lyonnet, Dominique, Taylor, A. Malcolm, Shiloh, Yosef, Izraeli, Shai, Minard-Colin, Veronique, Schmiegelow, Kjeld, Nirel, Ronit, Attarbaschi, Andishe, and Borkhardt, Arndt
- Abstract
•The major cause of death in patients with ataxia-telangiectasia and hematological malignancies is treatment-related toxicity.•The germ line ATMpathogenic variant functional class is a robust outcome predictor, which can be applied to therapy stratification.
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- 2024
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12. Evaluation of the safety and feasibility of outpatient colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection
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Wei, Mike T. and Friedland, Shai
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Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is increasingly used for resection of benign nonpedunculated colorectal polyps and early cancers. However, there is concern that adoption of ESD may be limited by increased resource utilization with routine postprocedure admission. As endoscopic closure of ESD wounds has improved, in 2022, we adopted an outpatient colorectal ESD protocol.
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- 2024
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13. JUDAISM IS ABOUT LOVE
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Held, Shai
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Philanthropy -- Laws, regulations and rules ,Judaism -- Laws, regulations and rules ,Rabbis -- Laws, regulations and rules ,Government regulation ,Philosophy and religion - Abstract
Some years ago, I took classes in Judaism. One day, the rabbi talked about differences between Jewish and Christian understandings of philanthropy. He told us that the word tzedakah, commonly [...]
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- 2024
14. Teachers’ Formative Assessment Practices in Their Mathematics Classroom Using Learning Analytics Visualizations
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Moed-Abu Raya, Kholod and Olsher, Shai
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This study explores how the use of learning analytics (LA) visualizations to eliciting examples tasks (EET) on the topic of functions can shape middle school mathematics teachers’ formative assessment (FA) practices. Teachers’ practices were examined when provided with LA visualizations, offering them an interactive analysis of their students’ work. The findings showed that LA visualizations enhanced teachers’ evaluations of their students’ work, including challenges and strengths. Two key areas of FA were supported when teachers interacted with LA: designing and implementing classroom discussions and other learning activities and enhancing the quality of feedback. The patterns of use indicated that when teachers were not convinced of the data presented, they used critical thinking and accessed other reports and interactive tools to confirm their impressions.
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- 2024
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15. Eosinophils exhibit a unique transcriptional signature and increased sensitivity to IL-3–induced activation in response to colorectal cancer cells
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Itan, Michal, Dulberg, Shai, Kaminitz, Ayelet, Munitz, Ariel, and Madi, Asaf
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Eosinophils have been mainly studied in allergic diseases and parasitic infections. Nonetheless, eosinophils accumulate in a variety of solid tumors, including colorectal cancer, where their presence is associated with improved prognosis. Eosinophils can promote antitumor immunity through various mechanisms, including direct cytotoxicity toward tumor cells and promoting T-cell activation. However, the mechanisms by which tumor cells regulate eosinophil activities are largely unknown. Herein, we characterized the potential interactions between eosinophils and colorectal cancer cells using an unbiased transcriptomic and proteomic analyses approach. Human eosinophils were stimulated with colorectal cancer cell conditioned media, containing tumor cell secreted factors from multiple cancer cell lines. RNA sequencing analysis identified a “core” signature consisting of 101 genes that characterize a baseline transcriptional program for the response of human eosinophils to colorectal cancer cells. Among these, the increased expression of IL-3Rα and its βc chain was identified and validated at the protein level. Secreted factors from tumor cells potentiated IL-3–induced expression of the adhesion molecule CD11a in eosinophils. Combining proteomics analysis of tumor cell secreted factors with RNA sequencing revealed potential ligand–receptor pairs between tumor cells and eosinophils and the potential involvement of the adhesion molecule CD18 and F2RL3/PAR4. Subsequent functional analyses demonstrated that F2RL3/PAR4 suppresses eosinophil migration in response tumor cell secreted factors. These findings add to the growing body of evidence that eosinophils are conditioned by their local microenvironment. Identifying mechanisms by which eosinophils interact with tumor cells could lead to the development of new immunotherapies for colorectal cancer and other solid tumors.Colorectal cancer cells interact with eosinophils by secreting factors that potentiate IL-3–induced expression of the adhesion molecule CD11a and stimulate eosinophil migration in a process negatively regulated by activation of PAR4.
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- 2024
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16. Bracket Challenge
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Seltzer, Stan and Simonson, Shai
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- 2024
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17. Comparison of Occupational Noise Exposure Assessment Methods: A Systematic Review
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Makaruse, Nyasha, Maslin, Mike, and Shai-Campbell, Ziva
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- 2024
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18. Effect of Lower Extremity Nerve Decompression in Patients With Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
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Rozen, Shai M., Wolfe, Gil I., Vernino, Steven, Raskin, Philip, Hynan, Linda S., Wyne, Kathleen, Fulmer, Rita, Pandian, Geetha, Sharma, Shiv K., Mohanty, Ahneesh J., Sanchez, Cristina V., Hembd, Austin, and Gorman, April
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- 2024
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19. Designing a Robust INDUSTRIAL AUGMENTED REALITY Solution: A review of tracking methodology choices to address challenges of environmental factors such as light and the prerequisite of fixed visual features
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Gorajia, Jay, Sagi, Nir, Nadel, Eran, and Newman, Shai
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Augmented reality ,Home furnishings stores ,Furniture stores ,Accounting departments ,Technology ,Fortune 500 companies ,High technology industry ,Business ,Computers and office automation industries ,Engineering and manufacturing industries ,Business, international - Abstract
The future of manufacturing will include elements of augmented reality (AR). As Pokemon GO and Ikea Place apps continue to drive awareness for AR, technology companies continue to develop solutions [...]
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- 2020
20. Small Extracellular Vesicles From Infarcted and Failing Heart Accelerate Tumor Growth
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Caller, Tal, Rotem, Itai, Shaihov-Teper, Olga, Lendengolts, Daria, Schary, Yeshai, Shai, Ruty, Glick-Saar, Efrat, Dominissini, Dan, Motiei, Menachem, Katzir, Idan, Popovtzer, Rachela, Nahmoud, Merav, Boomgarden, Alex, D’Souza-Schorey, Crislyn, Naftali-Shani, Nili, and Leor, Jonathan
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- 2024
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21. Global incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 371 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
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Ferrari, Alize J, Santomauro, Damian Francesco, Aali, Amirali, Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Abd ElHafeez, Samar, Abdelmasseh, Michael, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Abdollahi, Arash, Abdullahi, Auwal, Abegaz, Kedir Hussein, Abeldaño Zuñiga, Roberto Ariel, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Abualruz, Hasan, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen ME, Ackerman, Ilana N, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Addolorato, Giovanni, Adebiyi, Akindele Olupelumi, Adepoju, Abiola Victor, Adewuyi, Habeeb Omoponle, Afyouni, Shadi, Afzal, Saira, Afzal, Sina, Agodi, Antonella, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmad, Danish, Ahmad, Firdos, Ahmad, Shahzaib, Ahmed, Ali, Ahmed, Luai A, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Ajami, Marjan, Akinosoglou, Karolina, Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed, Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz, Alalalmeh, Samer O, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Albashtawy, Mohammed, Aldridge, Robert W, Alemu, Meseret Desalegn, Alemu, Yihun Mulugeta, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed, Alharrasi, Maryam, Alhassan, Robert Kaba, Ali, Mohammed Usman, Ali, Rafat, Ali, Syed Shujait Shujait, Alif, Sheikh Mohammad, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Al-Marwani, Sabah, Almazan, Joseph Uy, Alomari, Mahmoud A, Al-Omari, Basem, Altaany, Zaid, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J, Alwafi, Hassan, Al-Wardat, Mohammad Sami, Al-Worafi, Yaser Mohammed, Aly, Safwat, Alzoubi, Karem H, Amare, Azmeraw T, Amegbor, Prince M, Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena, Amin, Tarek Tawfik, Amindarolzarbi, Alireza, Amiri, Sohrab, Amugsi, Dickson A, Ancuceanu, Robert, Anderlini, Deanna, Anderson, David B, Andrade, Pedro Prata, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Ansari, Hossein, Antony, Catherine M, Anwar, Saleha, Anwar, Sumadi Lukman, Anwer, Razique, Anyanwu, Philip Emeka, Arab, Juan Pablo, Arabloo, Jalal, Arafat, Mosab, Araki, Daniel T, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Arkew, Mesay, Armocida, Benedetta, Arndt, Michael Benjamin, Arooj, Mahwish, Artamonov, Anton A, Aruleba, Raphael Taiwo, Arumugam, Ashokan, Ashbaugh, Charlie, Ashemo, Mubarek Yesse, Ashraf, Muhammad, Asika, Marvellous O, Askari, Elaheh, Astell-Burt, Thomas, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Atorkey, Prince, Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi, Atreya, Alok, Aujayeb, Avinash, Ausloos, Marcel, Avan, Abolfazl, Awotidebe, Adedapo Wasiu, Awuviry-Newton, Kofi, Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina, Ayuso-Mateos, Jose L, Azadnajafabad, Sina, Azevedo, Rui M S, Babu, Abraham Samuel, Badar, Muhammad, Badiye, Ashish D, Baghdadi, Soroush, Bagheri, Nasser, Bah, Sulaiman, Bai, Ruhai, Baker, Jennifer L, Bakkannavar, Shankar M, Bako, Abdulaziz T, Balakrishnan, Senthilkumar, Bam, Kiran, Banik, Palash Chandra, Barchitta, Martina, Bardhan, Mainak, Bardideh, Erfan, Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn, Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat, Barrow, Amadou, Barteit, Sandra, Barua, Lingkan, Bashiri Aliabadi, Somaye, Basiru, Afisu, Basu, Sanjay, Basu, Saurav, Bathini, Prapthi Persis, Batra, Kavita, Baune, Bernhard T, Bayileyegn, Nebiyou Simegnew, Behnam, Babak, Behnoush, Amir Hossein, Beiranvand, Maryam, Bejarano Ramirez, Diana Fernanda, Bell, Michelle L, Bello, Olorunjuwon Omolaja, Beloukas, Apostolos, Bensenor, Isabela M, Berezvai, Zombor, Bernabe, Eduardo, Bernstein, Robert S, Bettencourt, Paulo J G, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhala, Neeraj, Bhandari, Dinesh, Bhargava, Ashish, Bhaskar, Sonu, Bhat, Vivek, Bhatti, Gurjit Kaur, Bhatti, Jasvinder Singh, Bhatti, Manpreet S, Bhatti, Rajbir, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bikbov, Boris, Bishai, Jessica Devin, Bisignano, Catherine, Bitra, Veera R, Bjørge, Tone, Bodolica, Virginia, Bodunrin, Aadam Olalekan, Bogale, Eyob Ketema, Bonakdar Hashemi, Milad, Bonny, Aime, Bora Basara, Berrak, Borhany, Hamed, Boxe, Christopher, Brady, Oliver J, Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi, Braithwaite, Dejana, Brant, Luisa C, Brauer, Michael, Breitner, Susanne, Brenner, Hermann, Brown, Julie, Brugha, Traolach, Bulamu, Norma B, Buonsenso, Danilo, Burkart, Katrin, Burns, Richard A, Busse, Reinhard, Bustanji, Yasser, Butt, Zahid A, Byun, Justin, Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano, Calina, Daniela, Cámera, Luis Alberto, Campos-Nonato, Ismael R, Cao, Chao, Capodici, Angelo, Carr, Sinclair, Carreras, Giulia, Carugno, Andrea, Carvalho, Márcia, Castaldelli-Maia, Joao Mauricio, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Castelpietra, Giulio, Catapano, Alberico L, Cattaruzza, Maria Sofia, Caye, Arthur, Cegolon, Luca, Cembranel, Francieli, Cenderadewi, Muthia, Cerin, Ester, Chakraborty, Promit Ananyo, Chan, Jeffrey Shi Kai, Chan, Raymond N C, Chandika, Rama Mohan, Chandrasekar, Eeshwar K, Charalampous, Periklis, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chatzimavridou-Grigoriadou, Victoria, Chen, Angela W, Chen, An-Tian, Chen, Catherine S, Chen, Haowei, Chen, Nathalie M, Cheng, Esther T W, Chimed-Ochir, Odgerel, Chimoriya, Ritesh, Ching, Patrick R, Cho, William C S, Choi, Sungchul, Chong, Bryan, Chong, Yuen Yu, Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan, Chowdhury, Rajiv, Christensen, Steffan Wittrup McPhee, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Chukwu, Isaac Sunday, Chung, Eric, Chung, Eunice, Chutiyami, Muhammad, Claassens, Mareli M, Cogen, Rebecca M, Columbus, Alyssa, Conde, Joao, Cortesi, Paolo Angelo, Cousin, Ewerton, Criqui, Michael H, Cruz-Martins, Natália, Dadras, Omid, Dai, Siyu, Dai, Xiaochen, Dai, Zhaoli, Dalaba, Maxwell Ayindenaba, Damiani, Giovanni, Das, Jai K, Das, Saswati, Dashti, Mohsen, Dávila-Cervantes, Claudio Alberto, Davletov, Kairat, De Leo, Diego, Debele, Aklilu Tamire, Debopadhaya, Shayom, DeCleene, Nicole K, Deeba, Farah, Degenhardt, Louisa, Del Bo', Cristian, Delgado-Enciso, Ivan, Demetriades, Andreas K, Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar, Dervenis, Nikolaos, Desai, Hardik Dineshbhai, Desai, Rupak, Deuba, Keshab, Dhama, Kuldeep, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Dhingra, Sameer, Dias da Silva, Diana, Diaz, Daniel, Diaz, Luis Antonio, Diaz, Michael J, Dima, Adriana, Ding, Delaney D, Dirac, M Ashworth, Do, Thao Huynh Phuong, do Prado, Camila Bruneli, Dohare, Sushil, Dominguez, Regina-Mae Villanueva, Dong, Wanyue, Dongarwar, Deepa, D'Oria, Mario, Dorsey, E Ray, Doshmangir, Leila, Dowou, Robert Kokou, Driscoll, Tim Robert, Dsouza, Haneil Larson, Dsouza, Viola, Dube, John, Dumith, Samuel C, Duncan, Bruce B, Duraes, Andre Rodrigues, Duraisamy, Senbagam, Durojaiye, Oyewole Christopher, Dzianach, Paulina Agnieszka, Dziedzic, Arkadiusz Marian, Eboreime, Ejemai, Ebrahimi, Alireza, Edinur, Hisham Atan, Edvardsson, David, Eikemo, Terje Andreas, Eini, Ebrahim, Ekholuenetale, Michael, Ekundayo, Temitope Cyrus, El Sayed, Iman, El Tantawi, Maha, Elbarazi, Iffat, Elemam, Noha Mousaad, ElGohary, Ghada Metwally Tawfik, Elhadi, Muhammed, Elmeligy, Omar Abdelsadek Abdou, ELNahas, Gihan, Elshaer, Mohammed, Elsohaby, Ibrahim, Engelbert Bain, Luchuo, Erkhembayar, Ryenchindorj, Eshrati, Babak, Estep, Kara, Fabin, Natalia, Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis, Falzone, Luca, Fareed, Mohammad, Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sá, Faris, MoezAlIslam Ezzat Mahmoud, Faro, Andre, Farrokhi, Pegah, Fatehizadeh, Ali, Fauk, Nelsensius Klau, Feigin, Valery L, Feng, Xiaoqi, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Feroze, Abdullah Hamid, Ferreira, Nuno, Ferreira, Paulo H, Fischer, Florian, Flavel, Joanne, Flood, David, Flor, Luisa S, Foigt, Nataliya A, Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin, Force, Lisa M, Fortuna, Daniela, Foschi, Matteo, Franklin, Richard Charles, Freitas, Alberto, Fukumoto, Takeshi, Furtado, João M, Gaal, Peter Andras, Gadanya, Muktar A, Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji, Gaihre, Santosh, Galali, Yaseen, Ganbat, Mandukhai, Gandhi, Aravind P, Ganesan, Balasankar, Ganie, Mohd Ashraf, Ganiyani, Mohammad Arfat, Gardner, William M, Gebi, Tilaye Gebru, Gebregergis, Miglas W, Gebrehiwot, Mesfin, Gebremariam, Tesfay B B, Gebremeskel, Teferi Gebru, Gela, Yibeltal Yismaw, Georgescu, Simona Roxana, Getachew Obsa, Abera, Gething, Peter W, Getie, Molla, Ghadiri, Keyghobad, Ghadirian, Fataneh, Ghailan, Khalid Yaser, Ghajar, Alireza, Ghasemi, MohammadReza, Ghasempour Dabaghi, Ghazal, Ghasemzadeh, Afsaneh, Ghazy, Ramy Mohamed, Gholamrezanezhad, Ali, Ghorbani, Mahsa, Ghotbi, Elena, Gibson, Ruth Margaret, Gill, Tiffany K, Ginindza, Themba G, Girmay, Alem, Glasbey, James C, Göbölös, Laszlo, Godinho, Myron Anthony, Goharinezhad, Salime, Goldust, Mohamad, Golechha, Mahaveer, Goleij, Pouya, Gona, Philimon N, Gorini, Giuseppe, Goulart, Alessandra C, Grada, Ayman, Grivna, Michal, Guan, Shi-Yang, Guarducci, Giovanni, Gubari, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen, Gudeta, Mesay Dechasa, Guha, Avirup, Guicciardi, Stefano, Gulati, Snigdha, Gulisashvili, David, Gunawardane, Damitha Asanga, Guo, Cui, Gupta, Anish Kumar, Gupta, Bhawna, Gupta, Ishita, Gupta, Mohak, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Veer Bala, Gupta, Vijai Kumar, Gupta, Vivek Kumar, Gutiérrez, Reyna Alma, Habibzadeh, Farrokh, Habibzadeh, Parham, Haddadi, Rasool, Hadi, Najah R, Haep, Nils, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Hafiz, Abdul, Hagins, Hailey, Halboub, Esam S, Halimi, Aram, Haller, Sebastian, Halwani, Rabih, Hamilton, Erin B, Hankey, Graeme J, Hannan, Md Abdul, Haque, Md Nuruzzaman, Harapan, Harapan, Haro, Josep Maria, Hartvigsen, Jan, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, Hasan, Ikramul, Hasanian, Mohammad, Hasnain, Md Saquib, Hassan, Amr, Haubold, Johannes, Havmoeller, Rasmus J, Hay, Simon I, Hayat, Khezar, Hebert, Jeffrey J, Hegazi, Omar E, Heidari, Golnaz, Helfer, Bartosz, Hemmati, Mehdi, Hendrie, Delia, Henson, Claire A, Hezam, Kamal, Hiraike, Yuta, Hoan, Nguyen Quoc, Holla, Ramesh, Hon, Julia, Hossain, Md Mahbub, Hosseinzadeh, Hassan, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Hostiuc, Sorin, Hsu, Johnathan M, Huang, Junjie, Hugo, Fernando N, Hushmandi, Kiavash, Hussain, Javid, Hussein, Nawfal R, Huynh, Chantal K, Huynh, Hong-Han, Hwang, Bing-Fang, Iannucci, Vincent C, Ihler, Audrey L, Ikiroma, Adalia I, Ikuta, Kevin S, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Irena M, Ilic, Milena D, Imam, Mohammad Tarique, Immurana, Mustapha, Irham, Lalu Muhammad, Islam, Md Rabiul, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Islami, Farhad, Ismail, Faisal, Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah, Isola, Gaetano, Iwagami, Masao, Iwu, Chidozie C D, Iyer, Mahalaxmi, Jaafari, Jalil, Jacobsen, Kathryn H, Jadidi-Niaragh, Farhad, Jafarinia, Morteza, Jaggi, 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Theo, and Murray, Christopher J L
- Abstract
Detailed, comprehensive, and timely reporting on population health by underlying causes of disability and premature death is crucial to understanding and responding to complex patterns of disease and injury burden over time and across age groups, sexes, and locations. The availability of disease burden estimates can promote evidence-based interventions that enable public health researchers, policy makers, and other professionals to implement strategies that can mitigate diseases. It can also facilitate more rigorous monitoring of progress towards national and international health targets, such as the Sustainable Development Goals. For three decades, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) has filled that need. A global network of collaborators contributed to the production of GBD 2021 by providing, reviewing, and analysing all available data. GBD estimates are updated routinely with additional data and refined analytical methods. GBD 2021 presents, for the first time, estimates of health loss due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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22. Polyetheretherketone Implant Cranioplasty for Large Cranial Defects: A Seven-Year Follow-Up
- Author
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Sanchez, Cristina V., Krag, Andreas E., Barnett, Sam, Welch, Babu G., and Rozen, Shai M.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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23. Outcomes after surgery for children in Africa (ASOS-Paeds): a 14-day prospective observational cohort study
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Torborg, Alexandra, Meyer, Heidi, El Fiky, Mahmoud, Fawzy, Maher, Elhadi, Muhammed, Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O, Osinaike, Babatunde Babasola, Hewitt-Smith, Adam, Nabukenya, Mary T, Bisegerwa, Ronald, Bouaoud, Souad, Abdoun, Meriem, El Adib, Ahmed Rhassane, Kifle Belachew, Fitsum, Gebre, Meseret, Taye, Desalegn Bekele, Kechiche, Nahla, Fadalla, Tarig, Abdallah, Bareeq, Chaibou, Maman Sani, Nyarko, Mame Yaa Adobea, Ki, Kélan Bertille, Shalongo, Sarah, Mulwafu, Wakisa, Thomson, Emma, Traore, Mamadou Mour, Ndonga, Andrew, Bittaye, Mustapha, Samateh, Ahmadou Lamin, Munlemvo, Dolly M., Kalongo, Jean Jacques, Coulibaly, Yacaria, Coulibaly, Youssouf, Ravelojaona, Vaonandianina, ANDRIAMANARIVO, Lalatiana, RAHERISON, Arsitide Romain, RANDRIAMIZAO, Harifetra Mamy Richard, RAMKALAWAN, Kushal, Omar, Mohamed Abdinor, Ndikontar, Raymond, Joseph, Donamou, Dahir, Shukri, Mohamed, Mubarak, Ali Daoud, Hassan, Ndarukwa, Pisirai, OTIOBANDA, Gilbert Fabrice, Banguti, Paulin, Neil, Kara, Derbew, Miliard, Fanny, Marvin, Smalle, Isaac, Taylor, Elliott H, Duvenage, Hanel, Hardy, Anneli, Kluyts, Hyla, Pearse, Rupert, Biccard, Bruce, AARON, Olurotimi Idowu, Abd Elazeem Mohammed, Hossam Aldein Samir, Abdalkarim, Batool, Abdalla, Abubaker, Abdallah, Mohamed Abubaker Ahmed, Abdeewi, Saedah, Abdel Ghafar, Taqwa, Abdelaleem, Ali, Abdelaleem, Ibrahim Abdelmonaem, Abdelgader, Khansaa, Abdelgadir, Waffa, Abdelhafez, Mohammed, Abdelhalim, Ahmed, Abdelkabir, Mohammed, Abdelkader Osman, Mohamed, Abdelkarim, Maha, Abdelkarim, Mohamed, Abdelmohsen, Sarah Magdy, Abdelnassir, Mazin, Abdelrahman, Ahmed Saber Mohamed, Abdelwahed, Aya Elsayed, Abdelzaher, Mohamed, Abderrahim, Baba Ahmed, Abdoulaye, Touré, Abdulai, Samira, Abdulghaffar, Yunus A., Abdullah, Fatimaalzahraa, Abdullahi, Lawal Barau, Abdullahi, Muzammil, Abdulrazik, Sarah, Abdulsalam, Khalifa Ibrahim, Abdulwahed, Eman, Abdus-Salam, Rukiyat, ABE, TOLUSHE, Abera Mulugeta, Gersam, Aboelghait, Aml Ali, Abol Oyoun, Nariman, Aboubekr, Boumediene, Abraham, Meera, Abu, Mohammed, Abuagila, Ahlam ali, Abubakar, Maimuna, Abugilah, Mohammed, Abuzeid, Issa A, Achouri, Djelloul, Acquah, Serwah Akua, Adam, Nusiba Bushra Ahmed, ADAMU, AUWAL, Adamu, Kabir Musa, ADAMU, MUHAMMAD, ADAMU, Sani, Adane, Samuel Gashu, Adeaga, Mojolaoluwa, Adebayo, Sikiru, Adedire, Adejare, Adegoke, Paul Aderemi, Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O, Adeniyi, Adebayo Augustine, Adeoye, Ibukunoluwa, Aderibigbe, Gbenga, ADEROUNMU, Azeezat, ADEYEMI, WILLIAMS, ADEYEMO, Adekunle, Adigun, Tinuola, Adika, Enoch Delad, ADISA, Adewale O, Adjei, Esther, Adjepong-Tandoh, Ernest Kwame, Ads, Alaa Mohamed, ADUMAH, Dr Collins Chijioke, ADUMAH, Lilian ogechi, Adzamli, Innocent, Afari, Jonas, Afedo, Wisdom, Affan, Abubaker, AFOLAYAN, Ayodeji Olawale, Agaba, Stuart, Agbeno, Evans, Agbonrofo, Peter, Aghadi, Ifeanyi, AGU, EDITH, Agyen, Thomas, Agyen-Mensah, Kwasi, Ahensan, Daasebre, Ahmad, Misbahu Haruna, AHMED, Awrayit, Ahmed, Linda, Ahmed, Nidal Youseef Altaher Aboh, Ahmed, Rubaa, Ahmed Jroush, Mohamed, ahmed maghur, Hasan, AHOGNI, G.N. Geofroid, Ait Yahia, Smain, Aji, Narjiss, Aji, Sani Ali, Akerele, William, Akhideno, Irene, Akinmokun, Israel, AKINNIYI, Akin Taofeek, Akinniyi, Ayodeji, AKINYEMI, Samuel, Akitoye, Olumide Adeleke, AKPAETTE, Iniofon Clement, Akuma, Terungwa Jacob, Akuokor, Daniel, Akwei, Clement Nii-Akwei, Al Bashir, Rayan Badran Hamed, Al Gharyani, Mohamed Fathi, al Islam ben Jouira, Rayet, Aladelusi, Timothy, Alakaloko, Felix, Alameen, Hind, Alameen Moheyaldeen, Mohammed, Alaogaly, Mona, Alarabi, Rehab, Alawami, Milud, Alazabi, Basma Masaud, Alazabi, Mona, Albakosh, Bashir Abobaker, ALBDULRRAZIQ, HUSAYN MOHAMMED ElFEETOURI, Aldieb, Asmma, Aldressi, Wafa, Alegbeleye, Godwin E., Alfa, Yakubu, Alhadad, Qamrah, Alhaddad, Arwa R, Alhaddad, Hayfa Faraj, Alhadi, Aliya, Alhamali, Aya, Alharam, Abtisam, Alhlafi, Majduldeen, Alhouwasi, Basmah, Alhudhairy, Sara, Ali, Abdallah Motasim Ahmed, Ali, Ahmed Jama, Ali, Almuaz, Ali, Asma, Ali, Enas, Ali, Mutwakil, Ali, Salem, Ali, Yunusa Y., Ali Ahmed, Abdelbaset, Aliozor, Sampson, Aljamal, Sarah, Alkaseek, Akram, Alkhalifa, Elmustafa, Alkoni, Samah, Allie, Abbaas, Almelyan, Khawla, Almugaddami, Ayman, Almujreesi, Asmaa, Alqady, Eithar, Alragheai, Alaa Ahmed, Alshareea, Entisar, Alshareef, Abulnasir, Alsori, Mohamed, Altomy, Seham Ahmed, Al-Touny, Aiman, Al-Touny, Shimaa A., Alum Aguma, Rachel, Alwaer, Nuha Miftah, Al-zletni, Hadeel, Alzwai, Marwa, Amaambo, Nelago, Amah, Christopher C, Amary, Marwa, Amengle, Ludovic Albert, Amesho, Shiwana Lineekela Omwene, Ametepe, Mawuli, Amkhatirah, Emad, Amnaina, Mohamed Gamal, Amoah, Benjamin, Amoah, Joseph Kofi, Amo-Aidoo, Nana Adjoa Simitsewa, Amoako-Boateng, Mabel, Ampong, Jude, Anane-Fenin, Betty, Anarfi, Samuel, Andriamanarivo, Mamy Lalatiana, Aniakwo, Luke, Aniteye, Ernest, Ankrah, Levi Nii-Ayi, Anno, Audrey, Anyanwu, Lofty-John Chukwuemeka, Anyigba, Edem, Appeadu-Mensah, William, Appiah-Thompson, Peter, Apraku-Peprah, Ewuarabena Lydia, Aremu, Shuaib Kayode, Arinaitwe, Moses, Armah, Ralph, Arthur, Augustine, Arthur, Douglas, Asah-Opoku, Kwaku, Asante, Mabel, Asante-Asamani, Alvin, Asare, Angbo, Asasira, Lausa, Ashfersh, Mohamed, ASHINDOITIANG, John A., Ashong, Joycelyn, Ashraf Salah, Mohamed, Asiedu, Charles, Asiedu, Isaac, Asiyanbi, Kolawole, Asla, Amir, Asman, Wilfred, Asoegwu, Emeka J., Assalhi, Mohamed, Assim, Claudia, Asudo, Felicia Dele, Atai, Alice Gertrude, Ateeqa, Sara Bin, Atim, Terkaa, Atindama, Solomon, ATIQUI, IJLAL, Atrih, Zoubir, Attah, Raphael Avidime, Awad, Ahmed K, Awedew, Atalel Fentahun, Awedew, Atalel Fentahun, Aween, Husayn, Awere-Kyere, Lawrence, Awindaogo, Joseph, Awori Achani, Margaret, Ayad, Kusay, Azab, Ahmed, Azas, Alberta, Aziza, Bochra, Azize, Diallo Abdoul, AZOUI, Abdelkrim, Azouz, Jomana, Baba, Suleiman, Babalola, Olakunle Fatai, Babiker, Mona, Baddoo, Daniel, Badi, Aml, BADMUS, Sarat Abolore, Badr, Helmy, Bah, Abdoulie, Bah, Fatoumata Yakhie, Bah, Kajali, Bah, Marma Tumaneh, Bahroun, Sumayyah, Baidoo, Ebikela, Baidoo, Kenneth, Baidoo, Richard, Bakare, Adewumi, Bakeer, Hiba Baliad, Baky Fahmy, Mohamed A, Balogun, James, Bamigboye, Babatunde, Bankah, Patrick, Banson, Mabel, Barhouma, Yehia Emad, Barongo, Mugisha, BASHIR RABIU, MOHAMMED, Bassem, Adham, Bedair, Mohamed Adel Ali, Beeharry, Hemanshu Rambojan, Beeharry, Shanjugsing, Bekele, Sintayehu, Belie, Orimisan, Belkhair, Abdulmunem, Ben Ahmed, Yosra, Ben Ashur, Abir, Ben Hamida, Bahaeddin, Benade, Christia, BENMANSEUR, Sawsen, Bensebti, Amina Amel, BERDAI, Mohamed Adnane, Beyuo, Vera, Biala, Marwa, Bilson-Amoah, Estella, Bin wali, Salema Subhi, Binnawara, Muhannud, Birlie Chekol, Wubie, Birqeeq, Ghada, Biyase, Thuli, Blankson, Paa Kwesi, Boakye, Benedict, Boakye, Benedict, Boakye-Acheampong, Kwame, Boakye-Yiadom, Kwaku, Boateng, Joseph, Bobaker, Salem, Bode, Christopher, Bogoslovskiy, Alexander, Bolarinwa, Eniola Sefiu, Boretti, Lorenzo, Botchway, Maame Tekyiwa, Botha, Christo, BOUDA, B. David, BOURENANE, Haithem, BOUZBID, Sabiha, Boye, Jeffrey, Branny, Mthelebofu, Brown, George Darko, Brown, Warren, Bua, Emmanuel, BWALA, KEFAS JOHN, Camara, Bakary, Camara, M'mah Lamine, Carol, Tisana, Ceesay, Winston, Chafee, Karim, Chaklie Agegnehu, Bewuketu, Chamir, Congo, Chaziya, Peter YC, Chellan, Chantal, Cheniki, Narimane, Chennouf, Sarra, Chepkoech, Eglah, Chilango, Creamy, Chinda, John Yola, Chokwe, Thomas M., Choutri, Hichem, Christian, Nana Ama, Chukwu, Isaac, Chummun, Girish, Cilliers, Celeste, Cloete, Estie, Collison, Carol, Cronje, Larissa, Daary, Dennis, DAD, Bouzid, Daddy, Hadjara, Dahilo, Enoch Auta, Dairam, Jenitha, Dalaf, Manar Salim, Damson, Pempho, Daneji, Sulaiman Muhammad, Daniel, Adekunle, Daoud, Asmaa, Daoud, Hassan, Darat, Tarik Darat, Darko, Kwadwo Opoku, Darko, Kwame, Davidson, Kerryn, Davies, Abigail, Dawang, Yusuf Davou, Dayal, Kishan, Dayie, Makafui, de Goede, Adele, de Goede, Adele, Deelawar, Bibi Waardanaaz, Derwish, Khawla, Desalu, Ibironke, Dessalegn Beza, Andinet, Dhege, Celestino, Dhilraj, Deepika, Diallo, Thierno Sadou, Diaw, Mbaye, Diaw Diop, Amadou, DIENE, Mansour, Dieng, Mactar, Dippenaar, Tinus, Djagbletey, Robert, Djedid, Nihel Klouche, Djouonang, Kamga Telly, Dominique, Shep, Drammeh, Basiru, Drissi, Hajer, du Bruyn, Aritha, Dube, Thandeka, Dufe, Rebecca, Dung, Dido, Earl, Ettiene, Ebrahem, Osama Khalifa Ali, Ebrahim, Zahier, Edena, Morrison E., Effa Ngono, Rosa, Egbuchulem, Kelvin, Egdeer, Amin, Eguma, Stella A., Ehimhantie, Martins, EJIOFOR, Ogochukwu Chidi, Ejuma, Lucy O., Ekenze, Sebastian, Ekhmaj, Reyad Almokhtar, Ekor, Oluwayemisi, EKPA, Sifonobong, Ekpemo, Chidi Samuel, Ekudo, Joseph, Ekwunife, Okechukwu Hyginus, El Koraichi, Alae, El Magrahi, Hamida, El Mejrab, Mohsen, El Sadek, Rania, El YOUBI, Haitam, Eladani, Oman, Elamesh, Sara Abdel Hamid, Elamien, Mohanad, Elamin Elnour, Moheyaldien Ahmed, Elbadawy, Merihan A, Elbaseet, Hesham, Elderwy, Ahmad A., Elebute, Olumide, Elgamal, Mostafa, Elgenidy, Anas, Elghareeb, Ahmed, Elgherwi, Laila, Elhadad, Rasha, Elhadi, Ahmed, Elhassan, Mohamed, Elkhouly, Abdallah Mohamed, Ellebedy, Mohamed, ELMAJRI, MOHAMED FUAD, Elmandouh, Omar, Elmandouh, Reem, Elmorsi, Rami, ELOMBILA, Marie, Elsadek, Menan, Elsalhawy, Shady, Elsayem, Karam, Elshafiey, Mahmoud, El-Sharkawi, Mohammad, Elshazly, Mohamed, Eltaub, Darine, Eltayeb, Almoutaz A, Eltayeb, Mohammed Eltayeb Zainelabdean, Eltegani Abdalla, Abeer, ElWakeel, Mai, Embu, Henry, Emoru, Arthur, Enicker, Basil, Enti, Donald, Entsua-Mensah, Kow, Eseile, Samuel Ideyonbe, Essuman, Vera Adobea, Et-taghy, Hiba, Etwire, Victor, Eyaman, Kuba Daniel, Ezbeida, Mabroukah, EZEKIEL, ANTHONY SABO, Ezidiegwu, Stanley Ugochukwu, Ezomike, Uchechukwu Obiora, FABOYA, Omolara, Fadlalmola, Hammad.A., FAGBAYIMU, Oluwatobiloba Micheal, Faida, Hamza, FALL, Khady, Farahat, Sherif, Faraj, Ali, Faraj, Noora, Farghaly, Amal, Farhat, Karima Omar Ahmed, Farinyaro, Aliyu Umar, Fathi Bani, Ghada, Fattah, Ahmed, Fawzy, Maher, Fening, Nana, Fentahun Emrie, Assefa, Fidieley, Melody, Fikadu Keneni, Dame, Fischer, Monique, Flint, Margot, Fodo, Naledi, Fofana, Naby, Fokeerah, Nitish, Folami, Emmanuel, Folokwe, Siyasanga, Fonternel, Doors, Fosi Kamga, Gacelle, Fotso, Luc Kamga, Fourtounas, Maria, Frankish, Leanne, Gabier, Ilhaam, Gacii, Vernon M., Gaffoor, M Sheik, Gagara, Moussa, GALADIMA, Hajara Aminu, Gamubaka, Richard, Ganey, Mike, Ganiyu, Oseni Oyediran, Gasa, Nompumelelo, Gatheru, Antony P., Gawu, Victoria Sena, Gaya, Subha Shita Devi, GAYE, Ibrahima, Gebremichael Ganta, Ashagre, Gelaw, Kassahun Girma, Geldenhuys, Lieze, Getachew Tegegn, Ayenachew, Ghemmied, Malak, Ghmagh, Reem, GILES, AHEREZA, Ginsburg, Ricky Ginsburg, Girma, Kassahun, Gjam, Fatima, Glover-Addy, Hope, Gobin, Veekash, Gomeh, Patricia, Gomez, Dimingo, Gorelyk, Alexandro, Gossaye, Abay, Govender, Veneshree, Grant, Jenny, Grayson, Britney L., Grobbelaar, Mariette, Gueye, Khadim Rassoul, GUIRO, Habibou, Gumede, Simphiwe, Gurure, Desire, Gusibat, Anwar, Gyeke-Boafo, Nana Kwame, HACHEMI, Sihem, Haddis, Kullehe, Haidar, Arwa, Haif, Assia, Hameed-Ikram, Sarwat, Hamid, Haytham, Hamukwaya, Dilona, Hanson, Nana Andoh, Hanzi, Joseph, Hardcastle, Timothy, Harissou, Adamou, Hasan, Ameerah, Hasan, Hayat Ben, Hasan, Najat Ben, Hashi, Abdullahi Said, Hashish, Amel A, Hassaan, Ibrahim, Hassan, Sadiq, Hassan, Sakariye Abdullaahi, Hassan, Tasneem, Hassan, Zeinab, Hassane, Maman Lawal, Hassanein, Mohamed, Hawu, Yoli, Haywood, David, Heelan, Halima, Hendricks, Natalie, Hillah, Ayayi, Hlela, Qinisile, HMAMOUCHI, Badreddine, Hoko, Zanele, Honny, Dorothy, Honore, Samba, Houidi, Senda, Human, Thys, Hussain, Eiman, Hussain Kona, Moataz Hashim, Hussein, Yara, Ibekwe, Titus Sunday, Ibiyemi, Akeem, IBIYEYE, TAIBAT, Ibrahim, Ibrahim Ali, Ibrahim, Lawal Ibrahim, Ibrahim, Soaleh, Ibrahim Abubakar, Amina, Ibrahim Alain, Traore, Idipo, Frieda, Idoko, Godwin, Idowu, Olusola, Idris, Mohammad El-Amin, Igaga, Elizabeth Namugaya, Iindongo, Etuuva, IITULA, Petrus, IKOTUN, Oluwafunmilayo, ILLE, Gloria, Imposo, Desire Hubert, Invernizzi, Jonathan, Irungu, Eric, Isbayqah, Areej Mohammed, Isbayqah, Eenas Mohammed, Ismael, Guibla, Ismail, Ali M, Itambi, Asoh Maxwell, Jabang, John Nute, Jaga, Rudhir, Jaganath, Ushir, Jaiteh, Lamin, Jallow, Cherno S, James, Olutayo, Javed, Sayed, Jithoo, Sandhya, Jlidi, Said, Joel, Lessan, Johnson, Marianne, JONES, TAIWO, Jooma, Zainub, Joomye, Shehzaad, Joosab, Mehboob, JOUINI, Riadh, Jubail, Mohamed J, Juggoo, Chaya, Jumbi, Timothy Mwai, Kaabar, Nejib, Kabirou, Mourtala, Kabiru, Abdulkadir Muhammad, Kabre, B. Yvette, Kache, Stephen, Kacimi, Salah Eddine Oussama, KADAS, ABUBAKAR SAIDU, KAHANSIM, Barminas, Kalipa, Mandisa, Kalongo, Jean Jacques Kabuley, Kalu, Nmesomachi Enyidiya, Kamate, Benoi, Kamwangen, Gracia Mitonga, Kandjimi, Matti, Kanjana-Zondo, Nokuzola, Kankpeyeng, Lawrence, Kapalamula, Tiyamike, Karadji, Souleymane, Kargbo, Mohamed Alieu, Karghul, Mohamed, Kaskar, Razeena, Kasker, Razeena, Kasobya, Faith, Kassem, Ossama, Kateregga, George, Kayima, Peter, Kedwany, Ahmed M., Ken-Amoah, Sebastian, Kenneth, Tomanya Kakura, KERISSE, Amina Nour El-Houd, KERKENI, Yosra, Khairi, Rania, Khaled, Mohamed, Khalifa, Eissa, Khalifa, Marwa Suliman, Khalil, Mohamed Kamal, Khattab, Mohamed S I, Khodary, Ahmed Refaat, Khumalo, Bridget Florence, Khumalo, Phindile, Kigayi, Jean Pierre, Kimutai, Timothy Kiprotich, KINDO, Bassirou, KIRFI, ABDULLAHI MUSA, Koggoh, Patience, Koko, Alshaima A, Kopieniak, Marcin, Kotagiri, Chandra, Kotey, Emily, Kouicem, Aya Tinhinane, Kpangkpari, Richard, Kudoh, Vincent, Kufonya, Norman, Kuhn, Warren, Kutor, Jasper, Kwakye, Akosua, Kynes, J. Matthew, Lambrechts, Lelanie, Lamiri, Rachida, LANRE, OLOKO NASIRUDEEN, Larvie, Prince, Lateef, Azeez Kehinde, LATRECHE, Samir, Lawal, Taiwo, Leballo, Gontse, Lebereki, Simon, Lee, Dorinda, Leeb, Gregory, Leonard, Tristan, LEYONO-MAWANDZA, Peggy Dalliah Gallou, Likongo, Ted Botawaosenge, Limalia, Ziyaad, LIMAN, HARUNA USMAN, Loae, Nada, Lompoli, Beinvenue Nkoy Ena, Lusungu, Dodo, M.Mokhtar, Fatma AL-Zahraa, Madany, Mohie El-Din Mostafa, Maddy, Reginald Jeff, Madombwe, Gladmore, Mafabi, Solomon, Magashi, Mahmoud Kawu, Maharaj, Sanvir, Mahfouz, Shaimaa Mahmoud, Mahlare, Korowe Rose Voncil, Mahmoud, Fathia, Maikassoua, Mamane, Maison, Patrick, Maiwald, Dela, Makhoba, Philisiwe, Makinita, Sewela Grace, Makou epse Tolefac, Myriam, Malau, Thomas Kefas, Mamathuntsha, Tshilidzi Godfrey, Mamo, Tihitena Negussie, Mamuda, Atiku, Mandundzo, Paidamoyo, Mangray, Hansie, Mani, Salma, Manneh, Ebrima K, Mansour, Noureldin Mohamed, Manyere, DV, Mapurisa, Amarylis, Mare, Pieter, Martin, Mogammad Ebrahim, Mashaal, Abdelhafeez, Mashaya, Sonela, Masilela, Patience Busisiwe, Mathebula, Ruth, Mathinya, Tlhapane, Matlala, Tumelo Kwena, Matlou, Mabitsela, Matos-Puig, Roel, Matoug, Salmin, Maudarbocus, Mohammad Jeelani, Mavesere, Haziel Pindukai, Mavila, Jackson, Mayet, Shafeeqa, Maygag, Mohamed, Mbatha, Nonhlanhla, Mbatudde, Rita, Mbiya Kapinga, Anne, Mbuyamba, Jojo, Mbuyi, Ali T, Mdlalose, Nkosinathi, Prowling, Megan, Mejeni, Nathalie, Mekonnen Ejigu, Yayehyirad, Merghani, Safa, Metogo, Junette Epse Njoki, Mhiri, Riadh, Mhone, Lyness, Michael, Afieharo, Miko, Abdullahi Mustapha, Milad, Ahmed, Mishra, Ravi, Mjadu, Londiwe, Mkhontwana, Nokonwaba, Mlambo, Nompilo, Mncwango, Zama, Mngoma, Gcina, Mnguni, Mzamo, Modekwe, Victor Ifeanyichukwu, Mogane, Palesa, Moghazy, Rama, Mogotsi, Kena, Mohalal, Mohamed Salah, Mohamed, Amin Awad Alamin, Mohamed, Maria, Mohamed, Molhema Eltaib Elamin, Mohamed, Suleyman Abdullahi, Mohamedkheir, Mohamed Abdelmoneim, Mohammad, Ahmad Lofty, Mohammad, Alhassan Datti, Mohammad, Aminu Mohammad, Mohammed, Abdulrahman, Mohammed, Muhanned, Mohammed, Rabiu Isah, Mohammed, Rehab, Mohammed, Taha Salah Abdelmaksaod, Mohammedosman, Doaa, Mohsen, Siham Moftah, Molla Getahun, Amsalu, Moloisi, Makwati, Monib, Fatma A, Moodley, Kirushin, Moopanar, Manogran, Morgan, Fatma, Moris, Baluku, Morna, Martin, Moses, Vaughn, Mostafa, Mahmoud Mohamed, Motiang, Mammie, Motseoile, Toni, Motshabi, Palesa, MOUSSAOUI, Nassima, Mpoto, Dany Bolimo, MPOY EMY MONKESSA, Christ Mayick, MRARA, BUSISIWE, Mshelbwala, Philip Mari, Msherghi, Ahmed, Msibi, Trevor, Mubunda, Raphael Kapend, Muhammad, Abubakar Bala, Muhammad, Saminu, Muhanguzi, Joshua, Muhindo, Ruth, Mukenga, Martin Mamba, Mukuna, Patrick Miteo, Mulewa, Deogracias, Munanzvi, Kudzayi Sarah, Mungur, Luckshmanraj, Munubi, Aziz, Munyalo, Francisca Syovata, Muriithi, Julius M., Musa, Abdullahi Aliyu, Musa, Kareem, Musa, Mosaab Abdelhafiz Ebrahim, Musana, Fred, Musewu, Tongo Douglas, Musiitwa, Albino Kiboonwa, Mwangi, Caroline M., Mwepu, Idesbald Mwebe, Mwepu, Michel Ilunga, Mwika, Peter Mwirichia, Mwiti, Timothy M., Myeni, Physician, Mzoneli, Nosisi, Naana, Reyam, Nabukenya, Gladys, Nabunya, Susan, Naidoo, Alishka, Naidoo, Verushka, Naidu, Priyanka, Nakyanzi, Caroline, Nambi, Esther, Nampawu, Mary Juliet, Nampiina, Gorret, Namutebi, Hasifah, Nana, Benedict, Nanda, Joëlle Sandra Youssa, Nanimambi, Juliana, Nantongo, Betty, Napolitano, Luisa, Naser, Alg, Nassar, Ahmad Sammy, Nassar, Muhammad Sammy, Nasser, Nadine, Nawezo, Jacob Gerald, NDIAYE, Alain, NDIAYE, Cheikh Ahmed Tidiane, Ndiaye, Françoise, Ndibarekera, Sarah Harriet, Ndjoko, Sylvie Mishondo, Ndlovu, Msizi, Nduwayezu, Richard, Negash, Samuel, Nehema, Sarah, Neil, Kara, Neizer, Margaret, NEJMI, Sifeddine, Nezam-Parast, Masoud, Ng How Tseung, Kenny, Ngcelwane, Thandokazi, Ngene, Ikenna, Nghidinwa, Hilka, Ngissah, Reuben, Ngock, George Farrar Fola Ngock, Ngouane, Diane, Ngumi, Zipporah, Nibret, Yonas, NIENGO OUTSOUTA, Gilles, Njie, Masirending, NJOKANMA, Rapheal Azuka, Nkhata, Lister, Nkhuna, Nyajane Thomas, Nkosi, Nobuhle, Nkosi, Sebenzile, Nkwembe, Christophe Mualuka, Nnaji, Chimaobi, Nneji-Akazie, Tochukwu, Nongqo, Nezisa, Nortey, Michael, Noutakdie Tochie, Joel, Nsaful, Josephine, Nsimire, Berthe Barhayiga, Nte, Stanley K., Ntshingila, Cebile, Ntsie, Nthabiseng Precious, Ntsoane, David, Ntumy, Michael Yao, Nuer-Allornuvor, Gloria, Nuhu, Samuel, Nutsuklo, Prudence, Nwachukwu, Callistus Uchenna, NWAFULUME, NNAEMEKA, Nwangwu, Emmanuel, Nwankwo, Elochukwu P, Nyame, Clement Agyekum, Nyamekye, Evelyn, Nyankah, Eunice, Nyoka-Mokgalong, Cecilia, Oase, Divine, Obande, Joseph Orinya, Obbeng, Ambe, Obeng-Adjei, Grace-Imelda, Obianyo, Ijeoma, Obianyo, Nene E, Obiechina, Sylvester, OBRI, Abraham I., ODI, TEMITOPE, Odingo, Jonathan, Oelofsen, Siobhan, Ofori, Emmanuel, Ofori-Adjei, Dziffa, Ogaji, Idoko Monday, Ogundoyin, Olakayode Olaolu, OGUNLEYE, OLABISI, OGUNS, Abayomi, Ogunsua, Oluseyi, Ohemeng-Mensah, Elvis, Ojediran, Olubukola, Ojediran, Oluwabukade, Ojewuyi, Abiodun, Ojewuyi, Olufemi, Ojo, Adedoyin, OJO, Olugbenga Olalekan, Ojo, Omotayo, Okedare, Amos, Okenwa, Samuel C., Oko, Adariku Godwin, Okojie, Nkechi, Okonkwo, Leonard Nduka, Okoth, Peter, Okunlola, Abiodun Idowu, Okunlola, Cecilia Kehinde, Okurut, Mathew, Oladimeji, Motunrayo, Oladiran, Ajibola, Olagunju, Ganiyat R., Olajide, Abdul-Rahman Lukman, Olajide, Adewale. Timothy, Olang, Patrick R., Olayinka, Oluwakemi, Olori, Samson, Olulana, Dare, Olulana, Dare Isaac, Olusanya, Bolutife, Omar, Duaa Eisa, Omar, Mohamed Abdinor, Onakpoya, Uvie, ONeil, Matthew, Onen, Hudson, ONYEKA, Chinonso, Oosthuizen, Alexis, Opandoh, Isabella, Opiyo, Sophy, Oppong, Jonathan, Orewole, Tesleem Olayinka, Orji, Mathias, Osagie, Olabisi, Osagie, Osasumwen T., Osaheni, Osayomwanbo, Osama Sleem, Adham, Osawa, Francis Omondi, Osei, Fred, Osei-Nketiah, Samuel, Osei-Poku, Dorcas, Osman, Alaa, Osman Ahmed, Mohammed, Osman Suliman, Sarah Omer, Otchere, Kofi, Othman, Amani Alsayd Abdulsalam, Othman, Eman, Othman, May, Otim, Paul, Otim, Tonny, Otman, Rema Hassan, Otoki, Violet, OUDJHIH, Messa, OUEDRAOGO, Issaka, OUEDRAOGO, P. Justin, Ousmane Hamady, Issa, Ouyahia, Amel, OWOJUYIGBE, Afolabi, Owoo, Christian, Owoo, Precious, Owusu Boamah, Matthew, Oyedele, Abisola, Oyedepo, Olanrewaju, Oyegbola, Christianah, Panday, Juniata, Parker, Ewomazino U. Evi, Parker, Ilyas, Parker, Robert K., Pembe, Julie Ndjondo, Percivale, Beatrice, Pereko, Janet, Pérez, Mariela, Perumal, Neville, Pillay, Leresse, Pretorius, Robyn, Prinsloo, Roz, Pryce, Charles, Puryag, Ashveen, QUADRI, Oladeji Raheem, Quansah, Kofi, Quarcoopome, Cornelia, Quarshie, Amanda, Quartson, Elizabeth, Quashie-Sam, James, Rabiu, Ayuba, Rabiu, Taofeek, Rahma, Manal, Rahman, Ganiyu Adebisi, Rais, Mounira, Rajah, Chantal, Rakotondrainibe, Aurélia, Ramakrishnan, Rema, Ramatou, Sabo, Ramdawon, Brinda, Ramdhani, Kirthi, Ramkaun, Yeswant, RAPHAEL, OSELE, Raslan, Hani Mohammed Ahmed, Redelinghuys, Cara, Riffi, Omar, Rikhotso, Hundzukani, Roberts, Charles AP, Robertson, Caroline, Roland, Nchufor, Roos, John, S. Abdalgadir, Esra, Saad, Alshaimaa, Saad, Mahmoud M., Saad El-Tanekhy, Aalaa, Saadi, Cyrine, Saadu, Tasiu, Saber, Mohamed, Sabir Yassin, Fatima Mohammed, Sabo, Vinishe Yakubu, Sabra, Tarek Abdelazem, Saeid, Dawoud Amhimmid, Safar, Amna, Sagboze, Sandra, Sahnoun, Lassaad, Salahu, Babangida Mohammed, Salami, Kelvin, Salawu, Adedayo Idris, Saleh, Hawazen, Saleh, Ismail Ali, Saleh, Khetam Mohamed, Salele, Aliyu Mohammed, Salem, Fatima, Salem, Osama, Salih, Mohammed Ali Ismael Alamin, Salisu, Ibrahim, Sall, Mouhamedoun, SAMB, Cheikh Fall, Sangak, Isam A, Sanoussi, Nanzir Moctar, Sanya, Douglas, Sanyang, Anaumana B, Sarpong, Pokua, SARR, Joseph Niame, Schnaubelt, Romy, Searyoh, Kafui, SECK, Ndèye Fatou, Secka, Abdoulie Sering, Seif, Mohamed, Seilbea, Yvonne, Semret Hailu, Berhe, Sepenu, Perez, Sewlall, Janice, Seyi-Olajide, Justina, Shai, Shiluva, Shalaby, Abdullah Mohamad Omar, SHAPHAT, IBRAHIM, Shava, Garai, Sheidu Owuda, Abdullahi, Sheshe, Abdurrahman Abba, Shetiwy, Mosab, Shezi, Nomusa, Shihab, Maryam Husam, Shitakumuna, Helena, Shitaye, Nebiyu, Shitta, Andrew H., Sholadoye, Tunde Talib, Shouasha, Princely, Shu'aibu, Naziru Garba, Shuiap, Nouran musbah, Sibeko, Bongekile, Sikhakhane, Sebe, Sikwete, Guigui, Sime Gizaw, Habtamu, Simelane, Nhlanhlenhle, Simon, Edwina, Singh, Usha, SIRAJALDIN, Abdulla, Siriboe, Esme, Siyothula, Thozama, Siyotula, Thozama, Smart-Yeboah, Awo, SMITH, Saidat, Solala, Sivuyisiwe, Soliman, Eman A., Solo, Corinne Eulalie, Sombéwendin Charles, Ilboudo, Sonaike, Monisola, Songden, David Zumnan, Sottie, Daniel, Soualili, Zineddine, Soula, Enas, Souleymane, Sidibe, SOWANDE, Oludayo Adedapo, Spytko, Alex, Srir, Daria Omar M, Ssebuguzi, Lawrence, Stegmann, George Frederik, Strauss, Lindsey, Struwig, Estee, Succi, Marcello, Suleiman, Abdul-Rasheed, Suliman, Mazin, Swartz, Mikhail, Taha, Taha M., Takai, Idris Usman, Takou, Bougoue Horline, Takrouney, Mohammed Hamada, Takure, Augustine, TALABI, Ademola Olusegun, Tall, Mamadou, Taute, Carla, Tawfik, Mohamed, Taylor, Jenna, Tembe, Dias Salomao, Temesgen, Fissha, Tesfaye, Emnet, Theko, Dineo, Thiart, Mari, Thompson, Ruary, Thuer, Linda, Tientcheu Fabrice, Tim, Tilahun, Zekaryas Belete, Tilahun Woldetsadik, Tsion, Timo, Manuella, Timotews, Namene, Tjiyokola, David, Tolani, Musliu Adetola, TOUABTI, Souhem, Traoré, Diakaridia, Tsegha, Livingfaith Jighjigh, Tseli, Mbeki, Tumuhimbise, Christine, Tumukunde, Janat, Tunkara, Salihu F S, Turshan, Laila, Turton, Edwin, Uchendu, Chukwudi Chukwuemeka, UDIE, Gabriel U., UDOSEN, Joseph E., Ugalahi, Mary, Ugwu, Euphemia M., UGWU, Ikechukwu Ethelbert, Ugwu, Jideofor Okechukwu, Ugwunne, Chuka A, Ukpabio, Ukpabio E.I., Umar, Aminu Muhammed, UMEH, Chizoba Linda, Ungen, Rowena, Usang, Usang, Usenbo, T, Usman, Mustapha Ibrahim, UWAYESU, Roda, Van Aswegen, Benjamin, van der Byl, Ashley, van der Linde, Pieter, van der Walt, Stephan, van Schalkwyk, Hendrik Petrus, van Tonder, Charme, van Vuuren, Suleen, van Wyk, Janri, van Zyl, Sudene, Wabule, Agnes, Wacays, Abdirahman, Waheed Mowafy, Ghada, Waisiko, Bethleen, Walawah, David, Walithandia, Eziron, Wamwaki, John, Wataaka, Nicholas, Wessels, Nelia, Wessels, Nelia, Williams, Emmanuel, WILLIAMS, Omolara, Woldegiorgis, Abel, Wolfaardt, George, Wondossen, Mekete, Woodun, Ritish, Workineh, Saleamlak Tigabie, Wubetu, Solomon, Yahia, Mohamed, Yakubu, Hamisu, Yakubu, Saidu Yusuf, Yalewu, Dawit Zerihun, YAMEOGO, T. Azer-Clovis, Yeboah, Francis, YENYI AHUKA LONGOMBE, Thérèse, Younes, Eman, Young, Chad, Younis, Nageia, Younus, Tarig Yousuf Ibrahim, YUSUF, STEPHEN, Zaki, Fatima, Zbida, Ibrahim, Zenda, Thubelihle, ZERIZER, Yassine, Zingoni, Kudzai, Zitouni, Hayett, ZONGO, P. Valentin, Zubi, Abdalrahem, Zulu, Nonhlanhla, Zulu, Nqobile, Yakubu, Hamisu, Yakubu, Saidu Yusuf, Yalewu, Dawit Zerihun, YAMEOGO, T. Azer-Clovis, Yeboah, Francis, YENYI AHUKA LONGOMBE, Thérèse, Younes, Eman, Young, Chad, Younis, Nageia, Younus, Tarig Yousuf Ibrahim, YUSUF, STEPHEN, Zaki, Fatima, Zbida, Ibrahim, Zenda, Thubelihle, ZERIZER, Yassine, Zingoni, Kudzai, Zitouni, Hayett, ZONGO, P. Valentin, Zubi, Abdalrahem, Zulu, Nonhlanhla, and Zulu, Nqobile
- Abstract
Safe anaesthesia and surgery are a public health imperative. There are few data describing outcomes for children undergoing anaesthesia and surgery in Africa. We aimed to get robust epidemiological data to describe patient care and outcomes for children undergoing anaesthesia and surgery in hospitals in Africa.
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- 2024
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24. Volar Locking Plating of Extra-articular Distal Radius Fracture: A Retrospective Clinical Study Comparing Locking Screws versus Smooth Locking Pegs
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Tordjman, Daniel, Younis, Mohammad, Factor, Shai, Eisenberg, Gilad, Atlan, Franck, McBeth, Jessica, Pritsch, Tamir, and Rosenblatt, Yishai
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- 2024
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25. Linguistic annotation of cuneiform texts using treebanks and deep learning
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Ong, Matthew and Gordin, Shai
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We describe an efficient pipeline for morpho-syntactically annotating an ancient language corpus which takes advantage of bootstrapping techniques. This pipeline is designed for ancient language scholars looking to jump-start their own treebank projects, which can in turn serve further pedagogical research projects in the target language. We situate our work in the field of similar ancient language treebank projects, arguing that our approach shows that individual humanities scholars can leverage current machine-learning tools to produce their own richly annotated corpora. We illustrate this pipeline by producing a new Akkadian-language treebank based on two volumes from the online editions of the State Archives of Assyria project hosted on Oracc, as well as a spaCy language model named AkkParser trained on that treebank. Both of these are made publicly available for annotating other Akkadian corpora. In addition, we discuss linguistic issues particular to the Neo-Assyrian letter corpus and data-encoding complications of cuneiform texts in Oracc. The strategies, language models, and processing scripts we developed to handle both linguistic and data-encoding issues in this project will be of special interest to scholars seeking to develop their own cuneiform treebanks.
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- 2024
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26. Three Paradigms of International Judicial Review
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Dothan, Shai
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The forms of intervention of international courts in domestic affairs could be divided into three broad paradigms: (1) the Westphalian Paradigm, (2) the Hierarchical Paradigm, (3) the Network Paradigm. According to the Westphalian Paradigm, the role of international courts is to coordinate the interactions of sovereign states. According to the Hierarchical Paradigm, international courts initiate social change by issuing judgments that require states to amend their practices. Naturally, under this paradigm, courts are concerned about their ability to secure compliance with their judgments but also about the legitimacy of their decisions and their ability to make good policy stipulations. According to the Network Paradigm, international courts are embedded within a vast web of actors with different interests. This chapter will survey the three different paradigms of international judicial review and demonstrate the unique considerations international courts need to take into account under every paradigm.
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- 2024
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27. The Property Right to Voice
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Margalit, Avital and Stern, Shai
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AbstractShould property owners have a unique right to express their opinion just because they own property? While current law recognizes owners’ rights to express their voices in certain instances, it does not provide comprehensive and coherent answers to this question. This article provides an analytical framework for recognizing the owners’ right to voice as an independent property entitlement within the owners’ property bundle of rights and delineates its boundaries. Yet even when the owners’ voice is property-dependent, there is a difference between voice that facilitates the realization of another property entitlement (such as the right to exclude, use, or trade) and voice that is constitutive to ownership in and of itself. Only the latter instances justify recognition of the owners’ right to a voice as an independent property entitlement. By examining different branches of both tangible and intellectual property law, such as inheritance law, eminent domain, homeowners’ association law, zoning law, and copyright law, this article demonstrates the usefulness of the proposed analytical framework in explaining certain parts of the current law and suggests modifications of other parts.
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- 2024
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28. Exchange of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Cannulas for Hemodialysis Catheters in Children Requiring Renal Replacement Therapy
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Cruz-Centeno, Nelimar, Stewart, Shai, Marlor, Derek R., Rivard, Douglas C., Daniel, John M., Oyetunji, Tolulope A., and Hendrickson, Richard J.
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Background Pediatric patients requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) may require renal replacement therapy even after decannulation. However, data regarding transition from ECMO cannulation to a hemodialysis catheter in pediatric patients is not currently available.Methods Patients <18 years old who had an ECMO cannula exchanged for a hemodialysis catheter during decannulation at a tertiary care children’s center from January 2011 to September 2022 were identified. Data was collected from the electronic medical record.Results A total of 10 patients were included. The cohort was predominantly male (80.0%, n = 8) with a median age of 1 day (IQR 1.0, 24.0). All ECMO cannulations were veno-arterial in the right common carotid artery and internal jugular vein. The median time on ECMO was 8.5 days (IQR 6.0, 15.0). One patient had the venous cannula exchanged for a tunneled hemodialysis catheter during decannulation, two were transitioned to peritoneal dialysis, and seven had the temporary hemodialysis catheter converted to a tunneled catheter by Interventional Radiology (when permanent access was required) at a median time of 10 days (IQR 8.0, 12.5). Of these 7 patients, 28.6% (n = 2) developed catheter-associated infection within 30 days of replacement, with one requiring catheter replacement. Transient bloodstream infection occurred in 10.0% (n = 1) within 30 days of ECMO cannula exchange.Conclusion Venous ECMO cannula exchange for a hemodialysis catheter in children requiring renal replacement therapy after decannulation is possible as a bridge to a permanent hemodialysis or peritoneal catheter if renal function does not recover, while supporting vein preservation.
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- 2024
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29. The distribution of regions of homozygosity (ROH) among consanguineous populations—implications for a routine genetic counseling service
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Gafni-Amsalem, Chen, Warwar, Nasim, Khayat, Morad, Tatour, Yasmin, Abuleil-Zuabi, Olfat, Campisi-Pinto, Salvatore, Carmi, Shai, and Shalev, Stavit A.
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Regions of homozygosity (ROH) increase the risk of recessive disorders, and guidelines recommend reporting of excessive ROH in prenatal testing. However, ROH are common in populations that practice endogamy or consanguinity, and cutoffs for reporting ROH in such populations may not be evidence-based. We reviewed prenatal testing results (based on cytogenetic microarrays) from 2191 pregnancies in the Jewish and non-Jewish populations of Northern Israel and estimated the prevalence of ROH according to self-reported ethnicity and parental relationships. The proportion of the genome in ROH, ROH rate, was higher in non-Jews [Mean (SD) = 2.91% (3.92%); max = 25.54%; N= 689] than in Jews [Mean (SD) = 0.81% (0.49%); max = 3.93%; N= 1502]. In the non-Jewish populations, consanguineous marriages had the highest ROH rates [Mean (SD) = 7.14% (4.55%), N= 217], followed by endogamous [Mean (SD) = 1.13% (1.09%), N= 283] and non-endogamous [Mean (SD) = 0.69%(0. 56%), N= 189] marriages. ROH rates were greater than 5%, the ACMG-recommended cutoff, in 149/689 (21.63%) of the non-Jewish samples. Within the Jewish populations, the rates were similar between Ashkenazi, North African, and Middle Eastern Jews, but were higher for six consanguineous unions [Mean (SD) = 2.38% (1.23%)] and when spouses belonged to the same sub-population. Given the high ROH rates we observed in some subjects, we suggest that assessing the risk for recessive conditions in consanguineous/endogamous populations should be done before the first pregnancy, through genetic counseling and sequencing. Such an approach will: (1) identify couples who are at risk and counsel them on reproductive options; and (2) avoid the stress that couples who are not at risk may experience due to a prenatal ROH report.
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- 2024
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30. Living without pain: A 10-year study of congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis
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klaitman, Shai Shlomi, ling, Galina, Kristal, Eyal, David, Odeya, Elamour, Siham, Hershkovitz, Eli, and Ling, Eduard
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Background: Congenital Insensitivity to Pain with Anhidrosis (CIPA) is a rare hereditary neuropathy caused by NTRK1 gene mutations, predisposing patients to recurrent infections and chronic wounds. Long-term studies on microbial and clinical outcomes in CIPA are limited. This study presents analysis of infection patterns, antibiotic resistance, and clinical outcomes in CIPA patients. Methods: A comprehensive ten-year retrospective cohort study was conducted at Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel, from January 2014 to January 2023. Electronic medical records were reviewed to identify 63 CIPA patients, all were of consanguineous Bedouin families. Data collection included demographic details, clinical presentations, genetic analysis, documentation of infections, wound sites, hospital duration, and surgical interventions. Results: Staphylococcus aureus, notably methicillin-resistant, dominated, with Gram-negative bacteria common in lower limbs. The study noted reduced extended-spectrum beta-lactamase bacteria and linked demographic factors to infection traits, antibiotic resistance, and surgical needs. Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the clinical and microbial patterns of CIPA, highlighting dynamic shifts in microbial compositions and antibiotic resistance profiles over time. Staphylococcus aureus, and Gram-negative bacteria particularly in lower limb infections, pose significant challenges in patient management. The findings underscore the importance of tailored approaches to address evolving microbial profiles and optimize patient care in CIPA. Impact:
Key Message: This is the largest cohort study on CIPA to date, highlighting the dominance of Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant strains, and significant Gram-negative bacterial infections in lower limbs.
Contribution to Literature: It draws parallels between infection dynamics in CIPA and diabetic foot ulcers, emphasizing similar challenges due to neuropathy and ischemia, enhancing understanding of infection susceptibility and management in neuropathic conditions.
Impact: The findings inform clinical practices by detailing infection and resistance patterns, supporting the development of targeted treatment strategies to improve outcomes for CIPA and similar conditions.
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- 2024
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31. Advancements of highly efficient perovskite based tandem solar cells
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Liu, Xinxing, Chen, Long, Yu, Yue, He, Dongmei, Shai, Xuxia, Zhang, Sam, Zhang, Zhengfu, Feng, Jing, Yi, Jianhong, and Chen, Jiangzhao
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The past decade has witnessed the rapid development of perovskite solar cells, with their power conversion efficiency increasing from an initial 3.8% to over 26%, approaching the Shockley-Queisser (S-Q) limit for single-junction solar cells. Multijunction solar cells have garnered significant attention due to their tremendous potential to surpass the S-Q limit by reducing thermalization losses and wide light harvesting. The wide bandgap tunability of metal halide perovskite materials makes them highly suitable for sub-cells in tandem solar cells (TSCs). Currently, LONGi Green Energy Technology Co., Ltd. in China has set a world record efficiency of 34.6% based on a dual-junction perovskitesilicon TSCs, far surpassing the single-junction efficiencies of each sub-cell. Consequently, perovskite based TSCs are widely regarded as the next-generation photovoltaic products in the solar industry. Despite the significant efficiency improvements, several challenges still impede the commercial application of perovskite based TSCs, such as the instability of perovskite materials and difficulties in achieving large-scale production. This review summarizes the progresses and optimization strategies of perovskite based TSCs. This review also identifies the critical issues hindering multijunction solar cells. Finally, the potential solutions to address these challenges are proposed to advance the development of perovskite based TSCs.
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- 2024
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32. Identifiable Solutions to Foreground Signature Extraction From Hyperspectral Images in an Intimate Mixing Scenario
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Hollis, Jarrod, Raich, Raviv, Kim, Jinsub, Fishbain, Barak, and Kendler, Shai
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Hyperspectral imaging considers the measurement of spectral signatures in near and far field settings. In the far field setting, the interactions of material spectral signatures are typically modeled using linear mixing. In the near field setting, material signatures frequently interact in a nonlinear manner (e.g., intimate mixing). An important task in hyperspectral imaging is to estimate the distribution and spectral signatures of materials present in hyperspectral data, i.e., unmixing. Motivated by forensics, this work considers a specific unmixing task, namely, the problem of foreground material signature extraction in an intimate mixing setting where thin layers of foreground material are deposited on other (background) materials. The unmixing task presents a fundamental challenge of unique (identifiable) recovery of material signatures in this and other settings. We propose a novel model for this intimate mixing setting and explore a framework for the task of foreground material signature extraction with identifiability guarantees under this model. We identify solution criteria and data conditions under which a foreground material signature can be extracted up to scaling and elementwise-inverse variations with theoretical guarantees in a noiseless setting. We present algorithms based on two solution criteria (volume minimization and endpoint member identification) to recover foreground material signatures under these conditions. Numerical experiments on real and synthetic data illustrate the efficacy of the proposed algorithms.
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- 2024
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33. Impaired emotion recognition in Cntnap2-deficient mice is associated with hyper-synchronous prefrontal cortex neuronal activity
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Mohapatra, Alok Nath, Jabarin, Renad, Ray, Natali, Netser, Shai, and Wagner, Shlomo
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Individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show difficulty in recognizing emotions in others, a process termed emotion recognition. While human fMRI studies linked multiple brain areas to emotion recognition, the specific mechanisms underlying impaired emotion recognition in ASD are not clear. Here, we employed an emotional state preference (ESP) task to show that Cntnap2-knockout (KO) mice, an established ASD model, do not distinguish between conspecifics according to their emotional state. We assessed brain-wide local-field potential (LFP) signals during various social behavior tasks and found that Cntnap2-KO mice exhibited higher LFP theta and gamma rhythmicity than did C57BL/6J mice, even at rest. Specifically, Cntnap2-KO mice showed increased theta coherence, especially between the prelimbic cortex (PrL) and the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus, during social behavior. Moreover, we observed significantly increased Granger causality of theta rhythmicity between these two brain areas, across several types of social behavior tasks. Finally, optogenetic stimulation of PrL pyramidal neurons in C57BL/6J mice impaired their social discrimination abilities, including in ESP. Together, these results suggest that increased rhythmicity of PrL pyramidal neuronal activity and its hyper-synchronization with specific brain regions are involved in the impaired emotion recognition exhibited by Cntnap2-KO mice.
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- 2024
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34. Lateral Tarsal Strip versus Tensor Fascia Lata Sling for Paralytic Ectropion: Comparison and Long-Term Outcomes
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Sanchez, Cristina V., Thachil, Roshni, Mitchell, Dalia N., Reisch, Joan S., and Rozen, Shai M.
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- 2024
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35. The Yogavāsiṣṭhaand the Philosophy of the Absurd: A Hindu Response to the Heart’s Cry
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Tubali, Shai
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In this article, I call attention to the Yogavāsiṣṭha’sdepiction of Rāma’s existential crisis and Vasiṣṭha’s various methods for resolving it. However, I illuminate this crisis and Rāma’s lengthy monologue by turning to an altogether different frame of reference: Albert Camus’s philosophy of the absurd as developed in his absurd-oriented works, from The Myth of Sisyphusto The Rebel. Arguing that Rāma’s existential crisis is strongly reminiscent of Camus’s awakening to life’s absurdity, and that his monologue may be considered among the most successful meditations on this predicament, I examine not only Rāma’s quandary but also what the Yogavāsiṣṭhadeems the ultimate response to it. In this way, I throw into sharp relief two contrasting responses to the absurd condition in human life that effectively challenge one another. Considering some of the Indian classical works, such as the Yogavāsiṣṭha, in this light suggests that they too acknowledge the absurd as their starting point and, at least to a certain extent, develop doctrines that aid their practitioners in facing it. Nevertheless, the Yogavāsiṣṭhaalso enables us to develop our thinking about absurdity and expand the discussion of constructive responses to the reality of the absurd.
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- 2024
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36. Strain-specific gut microbial signatures in type 2 diabetes identified in a cross-cohort analysis of 8,117 metagenomes
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Mei, Zhendong, Wang, Fenglei, Bhosle, Amrisha, Dong, Danyue, Mehta, Raaj, Ghazi, Andrew, Zhang, Yancong, Liu, Yuxi, Rinott, Ehud, Ma, Siyuan, Rimm, Eric B., Daviglus, Martha, Willett, Walter C., Knight, Rob, Hu, Frank B., Qi, Qibin, Chan, Andrew T., Burk, Robert D., Stampfer, Meir J., Shai, Iris, Kaplan, Robert C., Huttenhower, Curtis, and Wang, Dong D.
- Abstract
The association of gut microbial features with type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been inconsistent due in part to the complexity of this disease and variation in study design. Even in cases in which individual microbial species have been associated with T2D, mechanisms have been unable to be attributed to these associations based on specific microbial strains. We conducted a comprehensive study of the T2D microbiome, analyzing 8,117 shotgun metagenomes from 10 cohorts of individuals with T2D, prediabetes, and normoglycemic status in the United States, Europe, Israel and China. Dysbiosis in 19 phylogenetically diverse species was associated with T2D (false discovery rate < 0.10), for example, enriched Clostridium bolteaeand depleted Butyrivibrio crossotus. These microorganisms also contributed to community-level functional changes potentially underlying T2D pathogenesis, for example, perturbations in glucose metabolism. Our study identifies within-species phylogenetic diversity for strains of 27 species that explain inter-individual differences in T2D risk, such as Eubacterium rectale. In some cases, these were explained by strain-specific gene carriage, including loci involved in various mechanisms of horizontal gene transfer and novel biological processes underlying metabolic risk, for example, quorum sensing. In summary, our study provides robust cross-cohort microbial signatures in a strain-resolved manner and offers new mechanistic insights into T2D.
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- 2024
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37. Modeling and querying possible repairs in duplicate detection
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Beskales, George, Soliman, Mohamed A., Ilyas, Ihab F., and Ben-David, Shai
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One of the most prominent data quality problems is the existence of duplicate records. Current duplicate elimination procedures usually produce one clean instance (repair) of the input data, by carefully choosing the parameters of the duplicate detection algorithms. Finding the right parameter settings can be hard, and in many cases, perfect settings do not exist. Furthermore, replacing the input dirty data with one possible clean instance may result in unrecoverable errors, for example, identification and merging of possible duplicate records in health care systems.In this paper, we treat duplicate detection procedures as data processing tasks with uncertain outcomes. We concentrate on a family of duplicate detection algorithms that are based on parameterized clustering. We propose a novel uncertainty model that compactly encodes the space of possible repairs corresponding to different parameter settings. We show how to efficiently support relational queries under our model, and to allow new types of queries on the set of possible repairs. We give an experimental study illustrating the scalability and the efficiency of our techniques in different configurations.
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- 2024
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38. Subunit-specific analysis of cohesin-mutant myeloid malignancies reveals distinct ontogeny and outcomes
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Jann, Johann-Christoph, Hergott, Christopher B., Winkler, Marisa, Liu, Yiwen, Braun, Benjamin, Charles, Anne, Copson, Kevin M., Barua, Shougat, Meggendorfer, Manja, Nadarajah, Niroshan, Shimony, Shai, Winer, Eric S., Wadleigh, Martha, Stone, Richard M., DeAngelo, Daniel J., Garcia, Jacqueline S., Haferlach, Torsten, Lindsley, R. Coleman, Luskin, Marlise R., Stahl, Maximilian, and Tothova, Zuzana
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Mutations in the cohesin complex components (STAG2, RAD21, SMC1A, SMC3, and PDS5B)are recurrent genetic drivers in myelodysplastic neoplasm (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Whether the different cohesin subunit mutations share clinical characteristics and prognostic significance is not known. We analyzed 790 cohesin-mutant patients from the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI) and the Munich Leukemia Laboratory (MLL), 390 of which had available outcome data, and identified subunit-specific clinical, prognostic, and genetic characteristics suggestive of distinct ontogenies. We found that STAG2mutations are acquired at MDS stage and are associated with secondary AML, adverse prognosis, and co-occurrence of secondary AML-type mutations. In contrast, mutations in RAD21, SMC1Aand SMC3share features with de novo AML with better prognosis, and co-occurrence with de novo AML-type lesions. The findings show the heterogeneous nature of cohesin complex mutations, and inform clinical and prognostic classification, as well as distinct biology of the cohesin complex.
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- 2024
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39. Gender dysphoria in children and adolescents: an overview
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Skordis, Nicos, Kyriakou, Andreas, Dror, Shai, Mushailov, Avital, and Nicolaides, Nicolas C.
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Over the last decade, we have witnessed considerable progress in gender dysphoria (GD) terminology in an attempt to better describe the condition based on certain criteria. The ever-increasing social acceptance and destigmatization of children and adolescents with GD have resulted in an increased number of transgender individuals seeking endocrine care. In addition to terminology and diagnostic criteria, the tremendous progress of genetics and neuroimaging has enabled us to have a deeper understanding of the complex pathogenesis of GD. Although helpful guidelines for treatment with GnRH analogs and gender-affirming hormones have been proposed, several challenges and controversies still exist. In this article, the current knowledge about GD in adolescents is reviewed, with particular emphasis on terminology, clinical manifestations, and epidemiologic data. The neurobiological basis of the condition is presented, and both hormonal treatment and mental issues of transgender individuals are discussed. Undoubtedly, further research will optimize the diagnostic and therapeutic approach of children and adolescents with GD.
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- 2024
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40. Targetable leukaemia dependency on noncanonical PI3Kγ signalling
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Luo, Qingyu, Raulston, Evangeline G., Prado, Miguel A., Wu, Xiaowei, Gritsman, Kira, Whalen, Karley S., Yan, Kezhi, Booth, Christopher A. G., Xu, Ran, van Galen, Peter, Doench, John G., Shimony, Shai, Long, Henry W., Neuberg, Donna S., Paulo, Joao A., and Lane, Andrew A.
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Phosphoinositide-3-kinase-γ (PI3Kγ) is implicated as a target to repolarize tumour-associated macrophages and promote antitumour immune responses in solid cancers1–4. However, cancer cell-intrinsic roles of PI3Kγ are unclear. Here, by integrating unbiased genome-wide CRISPR interference screening with functional analyses across acute leukaemias, we define a selective dependency on the PI3Kγ complex in a high-risk subset that includes myeloid, lymphoid and dendritic lineages. This dependency is characterized by innate inflammatory signalling and activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 5 (PIK3R5), which encodes a regulatory subunit of PI3Kγ5and stabilizes the active enzymatic complex. We identify p21 (RAC1)-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) as a noncanonical substrate of PI3Kγ that mediates this cell-intrinsic dependency and find that dephosphorylation of PAK1 by PI3Kγ inhibition impairs mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Treatment with the selective PI3Kγ inhibitor eganelisib is effective in leukaemias with activated PIK3R5. In addition, the combination of eganelisib and cytarabine prolongs survival over either agent alone, even in patient-derived leukaemia xenografts with low baseline PIK3R5 expression, as residual leukaemia cells after cytarabine treatment have elevated G protein-coupled purinergic receptor activity and PAK1 phosphorylation. Together, our study reveals a targetable dependency on PI3Kγ–PAK1 signalling that is amenable to near-term evaluation in patients with acute leukaemia.
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- 2024
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41. Hypomethylating agents plus venetoclax compared with intensive induction chemotherapy regimens in molecularly defined secondary AML
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Shimony, Shai, Bewersdorf, Jan Philipp, Shallis, Rory M., Liu, Yiwen, Schaefer, Eva J., Zeidan, Amer M., Goldberg, Aaron D., Stein, Eytan M., Marcucci, Guido, Lindsley, R. Coleman, Chen, Evan C., Ramos Perez, Jorge, Stein, Anthony, DeAngelo, Daniel J., Neuberg, Donna S., Stone, Richard M., Ball, Brian, and Stahl, Maximilian
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Molecularly defined secondary acute myeloid leukemia is associated with a prior myeloid neoplasm and confers a worse prognosis. We compared outcomes of molecularly defined secondary AML patients (n= 395) treated with daunorubicin and cytarabine (7 + 3, n= 167), liposomal daunorubicin and cytarabine (CPX-351, n= 66) or hypomethylating agents (HMA) + venetoclax (VEN) (n= 162). Median overall survival (OS) was comparable between treatment groups among patients aged >60 years. In a multivariable model HMA + VEN vs. 7 + 3 was associated with better OS (hazard ratio [HR] 0.64 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.42–0.98, p= 0.041]), whereas CPX-351 vs. 7 + 3 was not (HR 0.79 [CI 95% 0.50–1.25, p= 0.31]). Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, BCORand IDHmutations were associated with improved OS; older age, prior myeloid disease, NRAS/KRASmutations, EZH2mutation, and monosomal karyotype were associated with worse OS. When analyzed in each treatment separately, the IDHco-mutations benefit was seen with 7 + 3 and the detrimental effect of NRAS/KRASco-mutations with HMA + VEN and CPX-351. In pairwise comparisons adjusted for age, HMA + VEN was associated with improved OS vs. 7 + 3 in patients with SF3B1mutation and improved OS vs. CPX-351 in those with RNA splicing factor mutations. In molecularly defined secondary AML treatment with HMA + VEN might be preferred but could further be guided by co-mutations.
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- 2024
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42. Revision of restrictive bariatric procedures in elderly patients: results at a 5-year follow-up
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Abu-Abeid, Adam, Gosher, Noa, Shnell, Mati, Fishman, Sigal, Keidar, Andrei, Lahat, Guy, and Eldar, Shai Meron
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Revisional Bariatric Surgery (RBS) is increasing in popularity. Elderly patients (> 65 years old) are sometimes referred for RBS evaluation. The aim of this study is to evaluate outcomes of elderly patients undergoing RBS. A retrospective analysis of a cohort from a single–tertiary bariatric center. All elderly patients undergoing RBS after restrictive procedures between 2012 and 2022 were included. Thirty Nine patients undergoing RBS were included in the comparative analysis − 23 patients (57.5%) after adjustable gastric banding (s/p LAGB) and 16 patients (40%) after Sleeve Gastrectomy (s/p SG). The mean age and body mass index (BMI) of patients were comparable (67.2 ± 2.8 years and 38.3 ± 7.4, respectively). There was no difference in associated medical problems except reflux which was higher in s/p SG (68% vs. 13%; p< 0.001). The mean time interval between surgeries was 8.7 ± 5.1 years. The surgeries included One anastomosis gastric bypass (n= 22), SG (n= 8) and Roux-en-y gastric bypass (n= 9). Early major complication rates were comparable (4.3% and 12.5%; p= 0.36), and readmission rate was higher in patients s/p SG (p= 0.03). Ninety percent of patients were available to a follow-up of 59.8 months. The mean BMI and total weight loss was 29.2 and 20.3%, respectively with no difference between groups. The rate of patients with associated medical problems at last follow-up was significantly reduced. Five patients (12.5%) underwent revisional surgery due to complications during follow-up. In conclusion, RBS in the elderly is associated with a reasonable complication rate and is effective in terms of weight loss and improvement of associated medical problems in a 5-year follow-up.
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- 2024
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43. Molecular ontogeny underlies the benefit of adding venetoclax to hypomethylating agents in newly diagnosed AML patients
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Shimony, Shai, Garcia, Jacqueline S., Keating, Julia, Chen, Evan C., Luskin, Marlise R., Stahl, Maximilian, Neuberg, Donna S., DeAngelo, Daniel J., Stone, Richard M., and Lindsley, R. Coleman
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The clinical impact of molecular ontogeny in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) was defined in patients treated with intensive chemotherapy. In a cohort of 314 newly diagnosed AML patients, we evaluated whether molecular ontogeny subgroups have differential benefit of venetoclax (VEN) added to hypomethylating agents (HMA). In secondary ontogeny (n= 115), median overall survival (OS)(14.1 vs. 6.9 months, P= 0.0054), composite complete remission (cCR 61% vs. 18%, P< 0.001) and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (alloHCT) (24% vs. 6%, P= 0.02) rates were better in patients treated with HMA + VEN vs. HMA. In contrast, in TP53AML(n= 111) median OS (5.7 vs. 6.1, P= 0.93), cCR (33% vs. 37%, P= 0.82) and alloHCT rates (15% vs. 8%, P= 0.38) did not differ between HMA + VEN vs. HMA. The benefit of VEN addition in the secondary group was preserved after adjustment for significant clinicopathologic variables (HR 0.59 [95% CI 0.38–0.94], P= 0.025). The OS benefit of HMA + VEN in secondary ontogeny was similar in those with vs. without splicing mutations (P= 0.92). Secondary ontogeny AML highlights a group of patients whose disease is selectively responsive to VEN added to HMA and that the addition of VEN has no clinical benefit in TP53-mutated AML.
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- 2024
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44. Intralesional Cryosurgery of a Bulky Postburned Auricular Keloid and EAR-Q Patient-reported Outcome Measure Assessment
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Franco, Eyal, Kreichman, Rita, Metanes, Issa, Segal, Miriam, Nae, Bluma, Bryzgalin, Leonid, Zouboulis, Christos, and Har-Shai, Yaron
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Postburned auricular keloids are a challenging problem for the patient and physician. We describe a successful combined treatment of a bulky postburn auricular keloid employing intralesional cryosurgery followed by multiple W-plasty. An EAR-Q pre- and postoperative patient-reported outcome assessments have revealed a significant improvement in all ear parameters of appearance, adverse effects, and quality of life. This combined treatment might be added to the armamentarium of possible treatment modalities for this perplexing problem.
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- 2024
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45. Interactions between immune cell types facilitate the evolution of immune traits
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Dubovik, Tania, Lukačišin, Martin, Starosvetsky, Elina, LeRoy, Benjamin, Normand, Rachelly, Admon, Yasmin, Alpert, Ayelet, Ofran, Yishai, G’Sell, Max, and Shen-Orr, Shai S.
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An essential prerequisite for evolution by natural selection is variation among individuals in traits that affect fitness1. The ability of a system to produce selectable variation, known as evolvability2, thus markedly affects the rate of evolution. Although the immune system is among the fastest-evolving components in mammals3, the sources of variation in immune traits remain largely unknown4,5. Here we show that an important determinant of the immune system’s evolvability is its organization into interacting modules represented by different immune cell types. By profiling immune cell variation in bone marrow of 54 genetically diverse mouse strains from the Collaborative Cross6, we found that variation in immune cell frequencies is polygenic and that many associated genes are involved in homeostatic balance through cell-intrinsic functions of proliferation, migration and cell death. However, we also found genes associated with the frequency of a particular cell type that are expressed in a different cell type, exerting their effect in what we term cyto-trans. The vertebrate evolutionary record shows that genes associated in cyto-transhave faced weaker negative selection, thus increasing the robustness and hence evolvability2,7,8of the immune system. This phenomenon is similarly observable in human blood. Our findings suggest that interactions between different components of the immune system provide a phenotypic space in which mutations can produce variation with little detriment, underscoring the role of modularity in the evolution of complex systems9.
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- 2024
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46. Coherently amplified ultrafast imaging using a free-electron interferometer
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Bucher, Tomer, Nahari, Harel, Herzig Sheinfux, Hanan, Ruimy, Ron, Niedermayr, Arthur, Dahan, Raphael, Yan, Qinghui, Adiv, Yuval, Yannai, Michael, Chen, Jialin, Kurman, Yaniv, Park, Sang Tae, Masiel, Daniel J., Janzen, Eli, Edgar, James H., Carbone, Fabrizio, Bartal, Guy, Tsesses, Shai, Koppens, Frank H. L., Vanacore, Giovanni Maria, and Kaminer, Ido
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Accessing the low-energy non-equilibrium dynamics of materials and their polaritons with simultaneous high spatial and temporal resolution has been a bold frontier of electron microscopy in recent years. One of the main challenges lies in the ability to retrieve extremely weak signals and simultaneously disentangling the amplitude and phase information. Here we present free-electron Ramsey imaging—a microscopy approach based on light-induced electron modulation that enables the coherent amplification of optical near fields in electron imaging. We provide simultaneous time-, space- and phase-resolved measurements of a micro-drum made from a hexagonal boron nitride membrane, visualizing the sub-cycle dynamics of two-dimensional polariton wavepackets therein. The phase-resolved measurement reveals vortex–anti-vortex singularities on the polariton wavefronts, together with an intriguing phenomenon of a travelling wave mimicking the amplitude profile of a standing wave. Our experiments show a 20-fold coherent amplification of the near-field signal compared with conventional electron near-field imaging, resolving peak field intensities in the order of a few watts per square centimetre, corresponding to field amplitudes of a few kilovolts per metre. As a result, our work paves the way for the spatiotemporal electron microscopy of biological specimens and quantum materials, exciting yet delicate samples that are currently difficult to investigate.
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- 2024
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47. Treatment completion, asparaginase completion, and oncologic outcomes among children, adolescents and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with DFCI Consortium Protocols
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Valtis, Yannis K., Flamand, Yael, Shimony, Shai, Place, Andrew E., Silverman, Lewis B., Vrooman, Lynda M., Brunner, Andrew M., Sallan, Stephen E., Wadleigh, Martha, Stone, Richard M., DeAngelo, Daniel J., and Luskin, Marlise R.
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Adolescents and young adult (AYA) patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) face worse outcomes than children. While pediatric-inspired protocols have improved outcomes, the ability of patients to complete these intensive regimens and the reasons for discontinuation are unknown. We analyzed a cohort of 332 AYA patients (aged 15–49 years) and 1159 children (aged 1–14 years) with Ph-negative ALL treated on DFCI consortium protocols. We found that AYA patients completed treatment at lower rates than children (60.8% vs. 89.7%, p< 0.001), primarily due to higher rates of early treatment failure (14.5% vs. 2.4%, p< 0.001). Withdrawal from treatment for toxicity, social/personal, or unknown reasons was uncommon, but higher among AYA patients (9.3% vs 4.7%, p= 0.001). Patients who remained on assigned therapy for one year had favorable overall survival (AYA 5-year OS 88.9%; children 5-year OS 96.4%; p< 0.001). Among patients who continued treatment for 1 year, AYA patients completed asparaginase (defined as receiving 26+ weeks) at lower rates than children (79.1% vs. 89.6%, p< 0.001). Patients who received more weeks of consolidation asparaginase had higher overall and event-free survival. Efforts should focus on identifying patients at risk for early treatment failure and optimizing asparaginase delivery.
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- 2024
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48. Duodenal Atresia Repair: A Single-Center Comparative Study
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Cruz-Centeno, Nelimar, Stewart, Shai, Marlor, Derek R, Aguayo, Pablo, Rentea, Rebecca M, Hendrickson, Richard J, Juang, David, Snyder, Charles L, Fraser, Jason D, St Peter, Shawn D., and Oyetunji, Tolulope A.
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Background The use of laparoscopy in the repair of duodenal atresia has been increasing. However, there is no consensus regarding which surgical approach has better outcomes. We aimed to compare the different surgical approaches and types of anastomoses for duodenal atresia repair.Methods Patients who underwent duodenal atresia repair at a single pediatric center were identified between January 2006 and June 2022. Those with concomitant gastrointestinal anomalies or who required other simultaneous operations were excluded. The primary outcome was rate of complications, defined as rate of leak, stricture, and re-operation by surgical approach and technique of anastomosis.Results A total of 78 patients were included. The majority were female (51.3%, n = 40), with a median age of 4 days (IQR 3.0,8.0) and a median weight of 2.7 kg (IQR 2.2,3.3) at repair. The re-operation rate was 7.7% (n = 6), of which two were anastomotic leaks, and four were anastomotic strictures. The leak rate was 5.6% (n = 1/18) for the open handsewn and 4.8% (n = 1/21) for the laparoscopic handsewn technique. The stricture rate was 12.5% (n = 1/8) for the laparoscopic-assisted handsewn, 9.1% (n = 2/22) for the laparoscopic U-clip, 4.8% (n = 1/21) for the laparoscopic handsewn, and none with laparoscopic stapled and laparoscopic converted to open handsewn techniques. No differences were found in complication rate when controlling for surgical approach.Conclusion The method of surgical approach did not affect the outcomes or complications in the repair of duodenal atresia.
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- 2023
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49. Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis Protocol: A Single Center Study
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Cruz-Centeno, Nelimar, Fraser, James A., Stewart, Shai, Marlor, Derek R., Rentea, Rebecca M., Aguayo, Pablo, Juang, David, Hendrickson, Richard J., Snyder, Charles L., St Peter, Shawn D., Fraser, Jason D., and Oyetunji, Tolulope A.
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Background Initial treatment of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) is correction of electrolyte disturbances with fluid resuscitation. In 2015, our institution implemented a fluid resuscitation protocol based on previous data that focused on minimizing blood draws and allowing immediate ad libitum feeds postoperatively. Our aim was to describe the protocol and subsequent outcomes.Methods We conducted a single-center retrospective review of patients diagnosed with HPS from 2016 to 2023. All patients were given ad libitum feeds postoperatively and discharged home after tolerating three consecutive feeds. The primary outcome was the postoperative hospital length of stay (LOS). Secondary outcomes included the number of preoperative labs drawn, time from arrival to surgery, time from surgery to initiation of feeds, time from surgery to full feeds, and re-admission rate.Results The study included 333 patients. A total of 142 patients (42.6%) had electrolytic disturbances that required fluid boluses in addition to 1.5x maintenance fluids. The median number of lab draws was 1 (IQR 1,2), with a median time from arrival to surgery of 19.5 hours (IQR 15.3,24.9). The median time from surgery to first and full feed was 1.9 hours (IQR 1.2,2.7) and 11.2 hours (IQR 6.4,18.3), respectively. Patients had a median postoperative LOS of 21.8 hours (IQR 9.7,28.9). Re-admission rate within the first 30 postoperative days was 3.6% (n= 12) with 2.7% of re-admissions occurring within 72 hours of discharge. One patient required re-operation due to an incomplete pyloromyotomy.Discussion This protocol is a valuable tool for perioperative and postoperative management of patients with HPS while minimizing uncomfortable intervention.
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- 2023
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50. Neuronal types in the mouse amygdala and their transcriptional response to fear conditioning
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Hochgerner, Hannah, Singh, Shelly, Tibi, Muhammad, Lin, Zhige, Skarbianskis, Niv, Admati, Inbal, Ophir, Osnat, Reinhardt, Nuphar, Netser, Shai, Wagner, Shlomo, and Zeisel, Amit
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The amygdala is a brain region primarily associated with emotional response. The use of genetic markers and single-cell transcriptomics can provide insights into behavior-associated cell state changes. Here we present a detailed cell-type taxonomy of the adult mouse amygdala during fear learning and memory consolidation. We perform single-cell RNA sequencing on naïve and fear-conditioned mice, identify 130 neuronal cell types and validate their spatial distributions. A subset of all neuronal types is transcriptionally responsive to fear learning and memory retrieval. The activated engram cells upregulate activity-response genes and coordinate the expression of genes associated with neurite outgrowth, synaptic signaling, plasticity and development. We identify known and previously undescribed candidate genes responsive to fear learning. Our molecular atlas may be used to generate hypotheses to unveil the neuron types and neural circuits regulating the emotional component of learning and memory.
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- 2023
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