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The article presents the discussion on long before Uber Eats and Outlook calendars. Topics include pro athlete can tell you, because life demands speed, strength, mobility, and agility at different moments; and shift your weight to the left foot, rotating and throwing the ball to the left measuring where it lands and repeating on the other side adding the two numbers for your total.

In this paper, alternative static-like fundamental solutions for transient dynamic analysis of three-dimensional elasticity are developed. The new formulation is based on modification of Navier's equations of elastodynamics by expressing the acceleration in terms of the displacements at different time steps using suitable finite difference scheme. The new fundamental solutions are derived via operator decoupling technique. The displacements from the previous steps are used to form the new generalized inertia terms. The new fundamental solutions are used to solve non-homogeneous media by dividing the continuous media into multi regions. The stiffness and load vector of each region are calculated using the boundary integral equation approach. Then, the whole multi-region system is solved as super finite elements. Numerical examples are solved to demonstrate the validation of the proposed solutions. The results of the proposed solutions are more stable and accurate than those of previous time domain and dual reciprocity formulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neuromorphic processors have gained momentum recently due to their high energy efficiency in artificial intelligence applications compared to DNN accelerators. Most neuromorphic processors are executing SNNs (Spiking Neural Networks). Liquid State Machine (LSM), as the spiking version of reservoir computing, shows advantages and great potential in image classification, speech recognition, language translation, etc.. Comparing with other SNN models, LSM has the characteristics of easy to train and low resource utilization, which is suitable for low-power and resource-constrained edge computing scenarios. In this paper, we propose a novel design of a neuromorphic processor, LSMCore, aiming at LSM acceleration. LSMCore supports both training and inference of LSM. It consists of 256 input neurons, 1024 liquid neurons, and 1.31M synapses. Besides, multiple optimization techniques, including weight quantization for reducing storage, zero-skipping for decreasing dynamic sparsity, and mini-batch training are adopted in this processor. The experimental results show that the frequency of LSMCore achieves 400 MHz, the power is 4.9W and the area is 18.49 mm2 with a 40nm library. Comparing with the baseline, LSMCore achieves up to $80.7\times $ ($49.6\times $), $91.3\times $ ($56.3\times $), and $83.1\times $ ($56.8\times $) speedup on MNIST, N-MNIST, and Free Spoken Digital Dataset (FSDD) respectively for training (inference), while the accuracy of LSMCore on these three datasets are 96.8%, 97.6%, and 90% respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A recent study conducted by the Institute of Sport Science examined the effects of different exercise conditions on DNA methylation in human salivary samples. The study found that global DNA methylation levels increased after exercise, with a significant increase observed when blood flow restriction (BFR) was added. Methylation of the gene-inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) promoter was unchanged, but methylation of the iNOS enhancer increased after exercise. The study also found that global methylation correlated with muscle oxygenation during exercise, while iNOS methylation was linked to heart rate. Overall, the study suggests that sprint interval training can increase DNA methylation levels, and the addition of BFR may further enhance this effect. [Extracted from the article]

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to solve convective diffusion equation analytically by considering appropriate boundary conditions and using the Taylor-Aris method to determine the solute concentration, the effective and relative axial diffusivities. Design/methodology/approach: >An analysis has been conducted on how body acceleration affects the dispersion of a solute in blood flow, which is known as a Bingham fluid, within an artery. To solve the system of differential equations analytically while validating the target boundary conditions, the blood velocity is obtained. Findings: The blood velocity is impacted by the presence of body acceleration, as well as the yield stress associated with Casson fluid and as such, the process of dispersing the solute is distracted. It graphically illustrates how the blood velocity and the process of solute dispersion are affected by various factors, including the amplitude and lead angle of body acceleration, the yield stress, the gradient of pressure and the Peclet number. Originality/value: It is witnessed that the blood velocity, the solute concentration and also the effective and relative axial diffusivities experience a drop when either of the amplitude, lead angle or the yield stress rises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Convolutional neural networks (CNN) have been proved to be an effective method in the field of artificial intelligence (AI), and large-scale deploying CNN to embedded devices, no doubt, will greatly promote the development and application of AI into the practical industry. However, mainly due to the space-time complexity of CNN, computing power, memory bandwidth and flexibility are performance bottlenecks. In this paper, a framework containing model compression and hardware acceleration is proposed to solve the above problems. This framework consists of a mixed pruning method, data storage optimization for efficient memory utilization and an accelerator for mapping CNN on field programmable gate array (FPGA). The mixed pruning method is used to compress the model, and data bit-width is reduced to 8-bit by data quantization. Accelerator based on FPGA makes it flexible, configurable and efficient for CNN implementation. The model compression is evaluated on NVIDIA RTX2080Ti, and the results illustrate that the VGG16 is compressed by $30\times $ and the fully convolutional network (FCN) is compressed by $11\times $ within 1% accuracy loss. The compressed model is deployed and accelerated on ZCU102, which is up to $1.7\times $ and $24.5\times $ better in energy efficiency compared with RTX2080Ti and Intel i7 7700. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deep neural networks (DNNs) thrive in recent years, wherein batch normalization (BN) plays an indispensable role. However, it has been observed that BN is costly due to the huge reduction and elementwise operations that are hard to be executed in parallel, which heavily reduces the training speed. To address this issue, in this article, we propose a methodology to alleviate the BN’s cost by using only a few sampled or generated data for mean and variance estimation at each iteration. The key challenge to reach this goal is how to achieve a satisfactory balance between normalization effectiveness and execution efficiency. We identify that the effectiveness expects less data correlation in sampling while the efficiency expects more regular execution patterns. To this end, we design two categories of approach: sampling or creating a few uncorrelated data for statistics’ estimation with certain strategy constraints. The former includes “batch sampling (BS)” that randomly selects a few samples from each batch and “feature sampling (FS)” that randomly selects a small patch from each feature map of all samples, and the latter is “virtual data set normalization (VDN)” that generates a few synthetic random samples to directly create uncorrelated data for statistics’ estimation. Accordingly, multiway strategies are designed to reduce the data correlation for accurate estimation and optimize the execution pattern for running acceleration in the meantime. The proposed methods are comprehensively evaluated on various DNN models, where the loss of model accuracy and the convergence rate are negligible. Without the support of any specialized libraries, $1.98\times $ BN layer acceleration and 23.2% overall training speedup can be practically achieved on modern GPUs. Furthermore, our methods demonstrate powerful performance when solving the well-known “micro-BN” problem in the case of a tiny batch size. This article provides a promising solution for the efficient training of high-performance DNNs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are widely used and demonstrated their power in many applications, such as computer vision and pattern recognition. However, the training of these networks can be time consuming. Such a problem could be alleviated by using efficient optimizers. As one of the most commonly used optimizers, stochastic gradient descent-momentum (SGD-M) uses past and present gradients for parameter updates. However, in the process of network training, SGD-M may encounter some drawbacks, such as the overshoot phenomenon. This problem would slow the training convergence. To alleviate this problem and accelerate the convergence of DNN optimization, we propose a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) approach. Specifically, we investigate the intrinsic relationships between the PID-based controller and SGD-M first. We further propose a PID-based optimization algorithm to update the network parameters, where the past, current, and change of gradients are exploited. Consequently, our proposed PID-based optimization alleviates the overshoot problem suffered by SGD-M. When tested on popular DNN architectures, it also obtains up to 50% acceleration with competitive accuracy. Extensive experiments about computer vision and natural language processing demonstrate the effectiveness of our method on benchmark data sets, including CIFAR10, CIFAR100, Tiny-ImageNet, and PTB. We have released the code at https://github.com/tensorboy/PIDOptimizer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new study conducted by researchers at the University of Michigan explores the relationship between neighborhood segregation, poverty, and DNA methylation age acceleration in the mononuclear phagocyte system. The study, which used data from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, found that living in neighborhoods with greater segregation of Black residents was associated with DNA methylation age acceleration in non-Hispanic Black participants. This association was particularly pronounced in high-poverty neighborhoods. The findings suggest that epigenomic mechanisms may play a role in the link between segregated and poor neighborhoods and chronic conditions. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by the Division of Endocrinology Diabetes has found that aging, HIV infection, and antiretroviral therapy can affect the epigenetic profile and function of cells and tissues, including skeletal muscle. The study investigated the impact of exercise on skeletal muscle DNA methylation profiles and epigenetic age acceleration in older individuals living with HIV. The researchers identified differentially methylated positions in the skeletal muscle of people living with HIV compared to uninfected controls, and found that exercise had a more pronounced effect on DNA methylation in the control group. However, further research is needed to confirm these findings and explore the potential health benefits of exercise for people living with HIV. [Extracted from the article]

Arguments will be made for other categories of sportbikes, but nothing delivers the emotion-evoking exotic personality and outright performance like a modern-day superbike. Speaking of electronic intervention, the over-sophistication of the BMW's rider-aid package robs the S 1000 RR of the same animalistic nature of the Aprilia or Ducati. The chassis comes unhinged under high-stress, hard acceleration, inducing a rear-end chassis pump that hinders the ability to efficiently drive out of corners. Under that heavy braking load, the chassis offers steadfast composure and feedback at the front tire's contact patch, and most importantly, it easily recovers from pushing it over the limit. [Extracted from the article]

Bladder Cancer, Cancer, Epidemiology, Genetics, Health and Medicine, Oncology Keywords: Bladder Cancer; Cancer; Epidemiology; Genetics; Health and Medicine; Oncology EN Bladder Cancer Cancer Epidemiology Genetics Health and Medicine Oncology 769 769 1 08/21/23 20230822 NES 230822 2023 AUG 22 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Clinical Oncology Week -- New research on bladder cancer is the subject of a new report. [Extracted from the article]

According to news originating from London, United Kingdom, by NewsRx correspondents, research stated, "Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) includes a heterogeneous group of disorders pathologically characterized by the degeneration of the frontal and temporal lobes." Keywords: Brain Diseases and Conditions; Central Nervous System Diseases and Conditions; Dementia; Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration; Genetics; Health and Medicine; Neurodegenerative Diseases and Conditions; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions; Progressive Supranuclear Palsy; Proteostasis Deficiencies; Risk and Prevention; TDP-43 Proteinopathies EN Brain Diseases and Conditions Central Nervous System Diseases and Conditions Dementia Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration Genetics Health and Medicine Neurodegenerative Diseases and Conditions Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Proteostasis Deficiencies Risk and Prevention TDP-43 Proteinopathies 2179 2179 1 08/14/23 20230818 NES 230818 2023 AUG 18 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Genomics & Genetics Weekly -- New study results on progressive supranuclear palsy have been published. [Extracted from the article]

The article offers information on catastrophic injuries to pole vaulters. Topics discussed include new box collar rules have helped to prevent some injuries according to Pole Vault Safety Certification Board; relationship between impact magnitude and head injury risk from experiments using cadavers and human volunteers subject to high accelerations; and it might result into skull trauma without loss of consciousness.

The article discusses research on the nematode species caenorhabditis elegans by geneticists Tiago Pereira and Tiago de Souza using an ultracentrifuge, noting the species' tolerance of acceleration, published online in May 2018 by the journal "Astrobiology."

The article presents several lesson plans which teach students mathematical concepts including cumulative line graph in travel patterns, the relationship between mass force and constant acceleration, and lowest common denominator integers.

The article presents six facts about biomechanics of movement. These include three laws of motion proposed by scientist Isaac Newton that describes the relationship between forces which act on an object and the motion resulting from those forces, law of inertia which states that an object at rest tends to stay at rest, while an object in motion tends to stay in motion and law of acceleration.

Background: Cardiovascular reflexes that regulate blood pressure (BP) adapt during repeated exposure to ±Gz acceleration separated by short (< 20 s) breaks, but whether this effect is preserved with longer intervals remains unknown. Methods: There were 1 7 subjects who completed 5 repeated gradual onset (0.1 C ∙ s"1) runs (GOR1-5) to 60° peripheral light loss (PLL) on a human centrifuge, separated by 2 min. Heart rate (HR) and BP were measured before and during each GOR and noninvasive estimation of cardiac output (CO) was used to calculate total peripheral resistance (TPR). Results: Mean resting (± SE) systolic BP (138 ± 4 vs. 128±3mmHg)andTPR(13.9 ± 1.2 vs. 12.7 ± I.OmmHg-L-1 -min-1) were elevated after COR1 and remained elevated thereafter. Compared with that before GOR1, resting HR was decreased (5-6 bpm) before GOR2-5. Resting CO decreased from 8.3 ± 0.6 L ∙ min-1 before GOR1 to a nadir of 7.2 ± 0.5 L ∙ min-1 before GOR4 and GOR5. The change in HR under increased ± GZ decreased from ±39 ± 3 bpm during GOR1 to ±31 ± 3 bpm during GOR4 and GOR5, but the decrease in eye level BP under ±GZ was unaffected. RGT did not change across the five GORs. Conclusions: Increased resting BP and TPR following a single ± GZ exposure suggest alterations in the cardiovascular system expected to confer improved tolerance during subsequent exposures. However, these changes were insufficient to improve ±GZ tolerance measured during repeated GORs separated by 2 min. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Repeated exposure to +GZ acceleration provokes car-diovascular adaptations of potential benefit to pilots' +C2 tolerance, but whether such changes actually improve human tolerance to +GZ acceleration is uncertain. This study assessed + GZ tolerance before and after repeated exposure to +GZ at two different intensities as the role of frequency of +GZ exposure in adaptation also remains unknown. Methods: In a cross-over design, 10 experienced male centrifuge volun-teers completed two experimental conditions separated by at least 3 wk. Subjects completed four simulated air combat maneuvers (SACM) on a human centrifuge, either twice or four times per week, for 3 consecutive weeks. Relaxed +GZ tolerance (RGT) during a gradual onset run (GOR, 0.1 G • s-1) and cardiovascular responses to rapid and incremental head-up tilt were assessed before and after each condition. Results: Rapid and incremental head-up tilt increased both mean arterial and diastolic blood pressures following +GZ exposure. +GZ exposure attenuated the increase in heart rate (+9 ± 3 vs. +11 ±3 mmHg/GZ) and the decrease in eye-level systolic blood pressure (--11 ± 3 vs. -14 ± 4 mmHg/GZ) during GOR, but had no effect on RGT (4/wk: +3.88 ± 0.56 vs. +3.92 ± 0.63 GZ; 2/wk: +3.89 ± 0.69 vs. +3.92 ± 0.69 GZ). Discussion: Fre-quent + GZ acceleration, either as 2 (8 SACMs) or 4 sessions (16 SACMs) per week for 3 wk, enhances cardiovascular tolerance to orthostatic stress but does not improve RGT measured during a GOR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: During high +G¡, loads, pilots may experience arm pain. It is commonly assumed that such pain is caused by distension of blood vessels and that vascular distensibility adapts to the prevailing transmural pressure. The aim was to investigate whether vascular pressure habituation (PH) is as efficient in alleviating C-induced arm pain as using counterpressure/support garments. Methods: In Series I, 7 subjects underwent a 5-wk PH regimen, consisting of 15 40-min sessions, during which intravascular pressures in one arm were elevated by 65-105 mmHg. Before and after PH, arm pain was determined during incremental +C¡,- exposures in a centrifuge. In Series II, the effect on G-induced arm pain of wearing protective garments around the lower part of the upper arm was investigated in 10 subjects in 4 conditions: 1) counterpressure; 2) rigid support; 3) sham support; and 4) no support (control). Pain was rated using a 10-point graded scale. Results: PH reduced arm pain at 7.5 G from [median (range)] 4 (2-9) to 2 (0-5) in the pressure-habituated arm. The sham support did not affect pain compared to in the control condition (5.2; 3.0-10.0), whereas pain was reduced by both the rigid support (3.7; 1.0-8.0) and the counterpressure (2.5; 0.0-5.5). PH was as efficient in alleviating pain as the counterpressure and more efficient than the rigid support. Discussion: The results support the notion that G-induced arm pain is caused by vascular overdistension. Repeated moderate elevations of local intravascular pressure reduce G-induced arm pain, presumably because such PH reduces vascular distensibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Physiological effects of +Gz centrifugation are well known. Psychological functioning combined with +Gz centrifugation also appears to be important, but has not yet been sufficiently studied. This study was designed to evaluate whether mood (energetic arousal, tense arousal, and hedonic tone) is influenced by a centrifuge run with +Gz stress. Method: We examined subjects' mood four times: 2 h prior to the centrifuge run, 2 min before and after centrifugation, and again 30 min afterwards. Energetic arousal (EA), tense arousal (TA), and hedonic tone (HT) assessments were conducted by the self-reported UWIST Mood Adjective Check List (UMACL). Results: Centrifugation explained 31.6% of EA and 56.9% of TA variance. EA level increased 2 min before centrifugation and remained so until the last measurement. TA was high 2 h prior to the centrifuge run, rose sharply 2 min before centrifugation, and lowered considerably after cessation of the run. The HT level was stable throughout all measurements. Conclusion: The centrifuge run with +Gz acceleration may evoke changes in arousal, but not in subjective enjoyment. Alterations in arousal levels triggered by centrifugation were positive, increasing energy and reducing tension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Jacob Jongbloed (nick-named "Janus") was a Dutch aviation physiologist and avid aviator. While lack of funding hindered his work tremen- dously, he nonetheless became an important figure in aeromedical research between World War I and II, chiefly in the field of the effects of acceleration on the human organism. Most of his work was published in Dutch and German journals, rendering him an unknown force in the English-speaking world. Only after World War II did he make a name for himself in Anglo-American circles, primarily due to his involvement in various international organizations dealing with aeromedical matters and his part in developing the first Dutch heart-lung machine. Due to his many posts and his scientific work in the field, he could be regarded as the "father" of Dutch aviation medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines how much the human body can endure in relation to travel. The author argues that the limits of travel are defined by what a vehicle can do to the human body not the vehicle itself. Topics include the frailty of the human body and its limitations compared to machines, how transportation in the future will be defined by what passengers can withstand, and several diagrams illustrating what happens to the human body under various conditions, such as lateral acceleration.

Background: Caffeine ingestion has been demonstrated to increase physical performance in some situations. This study examined the ability of a commercial energy drink containing caffeine to enhance acceleration tolerance and strength under G load. Methods: Eight experienced centrifuge subjects completed three separate experimental acceleration exposures following ingestion of 11.5 ml ∙ kg-1 bodyweight of 1) a commercial energy drink, providing 5.0 mg caffeine/kg bodyweight; 2) a commercial energy drink without caffeine; or 3) a placebo. The acceleration exposures consisted of a relaxed gradual onset run to peripheral light loss, a rapid onset run to 6 G for 15 s, and a simulated air combat maneuver (SACM) run of repeated alternations between 4.5 G for 15 s and 7 G for 15 s until volitional exhaustion. Results: Relaxed G tolerance was 13% higher under the caffeinated energy drink session, whereas SACM duration did not differ among the drink conditions. Hip adductor muscle strength was 37% lower during the placebo session than during the other two sessions. Conclusion: Consumption of a caffeine-based energy drink may enhance relaxed G tolerance and may increase strength, but does not impact acceleration tolerance duration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a discussion of acceleration phase of a sprint and some research on the subject, adapted from "The Coach," Issue 40, Spring 2008.

Introduction: Earlier studies have shown that naive subjects and experienced jet pilots produce exaggerated manual forces when exposed to increased acceleration (+Gz). This study was designed to evaluate whether this exaggeration affects the stability of simulated flight path control. Methods: We evaluated naïve subjects' performance in a flight simulator which either remained stationary (+1 Gz), or rotated to induce an acceleration in accordance to the simulated flight path with a mean acceleration of about +3 Gz. In either case, subjects were requested to produce a series of altitude changes in pursuit of a visual target airplane. Resulting flight paths were analyzed to determine the largest oscillation after an altitude change (Oscillation) and the mean deviation between subject and target flight path (Tracking Error). Results: Flight stability after an altitude change was degraded in +3 Gz compared to +1 Gz, as evidenced by larger Oscillations (+11%) and increased Tracking Errors (+80%). These deficits correlated significantly with subjects' +3 Gz deficits in a manual-force production task. Discussion: We conclude that force exaggeration in +3 Gz may impair flight stability during simulated jet maneuvers in naïve subjects, most likely as a consequence of vestibular stimulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Exposure to high +Gz acceleration forces on a centrifuge or in an aircraft can severely decrease cerebral blood perfusion and cause rapid C-induced loss of consciousness. However, milder acceleration may gradually reduce cerebral blood flow and affect cognitive function in subtler ways. This study used lower body negative pressure (LBNP) to mimic +Gz circulatory effects in order to study cerebral hemodynamics and brain function. Methods: Subjects were 15 healthy men, 19-21 yr of age. They were exposed to LBNP at two levels for 5 mm each separated by a 1 0-mm recovery period. The conditions were low (LO), -4.00 kPa (-30 mmHg) and high (HI), -6.67 kPa (-50 mmHg). Variables measured before, during, and after LBNP included cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) in the middle cerebral artery, blood oxygen saturation (SaO2), heart rate (HR), blood pressure, P300 of event-related EEC potentials, reaction time, and tracking error. Results: LO significantly reduced CBFV at 4 and 5 mm, increased HR, and decreased the amplitude of P300, but none of the other variables changed from baseline. In contrast, HI produced significant changes in most variables: CBFV decreased at 2 mm and then fell further at 4 and 5 mm, HR increased, and SaO2 decreased. Significant neurocognitive changes included increased latency and reduced amplitude of P300, slower reaction time, and greater tracking error. Conclusion: The higher level of LBNP used here reduced cerebral perfusion sufficiently to impair neurocognitive function. This model may be useful for further studies of these and other variables under closely controlled conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the asymptotic spreading for a class of diffusion equations with degenerate monostable nonlinearity, where the initial value is asymptotically front-like. By the method of squeezing technique and super- and sub-solutions, we prove that the speed of asymptotic spreading may be finite or infinite, which depends on the degeneracy of nonlinearity as well as the decaying rate of the initial value. Different from the non-degenerate case, the traveling wave solution with the critical speed is globally asymptotically stable if the initial value has light tails, while an acceleration propagation may occur with the initial value having heavy tails in the degenerate case. Furthermore, if the initial value has heavy tails but lighter than algebraic, then the speed of the asymptotic spreading is finite, and the balance between finite or infinite speed is established if the initial value has algebraic tails. Our results reflect that the degeneracy may be harmful to the acceleration propagation. • A time periodic diffusion equation with degenerate nonlinearity is considered. • The asymptotic spreading of the initial value has light tails and heavy tails are investigated. • Some new and interesting phenomenon about time periodic diffusion equation with degenerate nonlinearity are given through numerical simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information on the Johnsville human centrifuge. The centrifuge, a machine used for studying acceleration forces, was operated by the U.S. Navy at its Naval Air Development Center in Warminster, Pennsylvania until 1996. The centrifuge is capable of accurately reproducing the sensations experienced by pilots in various flight maneuvers. In its nearly 50 years of operation, the centrifuge has made several important contributions, particularly in the training of military pilots.

The article cites a study to determine the usability of a human-powered centrifuge for hypergravity resistance training. The main thrust of the study is focused on testing the hypothesis that hypergravity can be used as a training modality for the skeletal muscles in microgravity. It made use of 22 males and 19 females as test subjects and the article further provides graphical representation on the findings of the study.

The three-dimensional (3D) quasi-static particle-in-cell (PIC) algorithm is a very efficient method for modeling short-pulse laser or relativistic charged particle beam–plasma interactions. In this algorithm, the plasma response, i.e., plasma wave wake, to a non-evolving laser or particle beam is calculated using a set of Maxwell's equations based on the quasi-static approximate equations that exclude radiation. The plasma fields are then used to advance the laser or beam forward using a large time step. The algorithm is many orders of magnitude faster than a 3D fully explicit relativistic electromagnetic PIC algorithm. It has been shown to be capable to accurately model the evolution of lasers and particle beams in a variety of scenarios. At the same time, an algorithm in which the fields, currents and Maxwell equations are decomposed into azimuthal harmonics has been shown to reduce the algorithmic complexity of a 3D explicit PIC algorithm to that of a 2D algorithm when the expansion is truncated while maintaining accuracy for problems with near azimuthal symmetry. This hybrid algorithm uses a PIC description in r–z and a gridless description in ϕ. We describe a novel method that combines the quasi-static and hybrid PIC methods. This algorithm expands the fields, charge and current density into azimuthal harmonics. A set of the quasi-static field equations is derived for each harmonic. The complex amplitudes of the fields are then solved using the finite difference method. The beam and plasma particles are advanced in Cartesian coordinates using the total fields. Details on how this algorithm was implemented using a similar workflow to an existing quasi-static code, QuickPIC, are presented. The new code is called QPAD for QuickPIC with Azimuthal Decomposition. Benchmarks and comparisons between a fully 3D explicit PIC code (OSIRIS), a full 3D quasi-static code (QuickPIC), and the new quasi-static PIC code with azimuthal decomposition (QPAD) are also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Mathematical model of blood flow in arteries. • Exact solutions of the model by integral transforms. • Control of blood flow by magnetic particles and magnetic field. • Behavior of blood flow with magnetic field and periodic body acceleration. • Investigation of flow characteristics for femoral and coronary arteries. In this article, the dynamics of blood with suspended magnetic particles in coronal and femoral arteries are investigated. The flow of blood is examined in the presence of external magnetic field, periodic body acceleration and a pressure gradient of an oscillating type. Expressions for the velocity of blood and velocity of magnetic particles will be yielded by employing integral transforms. The analytical results will be expressed in terms of steady-state and transient parts. Moreover, to get insight of the control of the material parameters such as amplitude, the lead angle, frequency of body acceleration, magnetic field and particles' concentration parameter, numerical simulations and graphical illustrations will be used and useful consequences will be summarized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the results of a study on the effects of fatigue on tibial impact accelerations and knee kinematics when performing drop jumps. It states that the risk of injury during plyometrics can be increased by fatigue because the body cannot manage the forces of impact effectively.

The article presents an answer to the question related to deceleration of cricket ball.

The article discusses the physical challenges of space flight, such as black-out inducing gravitational forces (g-forces) and muscle wastage, as discovered in the medical records of astronauts who worked in Russia's Mir Space Station. Topics include an overview of the extensive medical and psychiatric examinations space station candidates had to endure, the physiological affects of space flight, and the importance of exercise in space.

The article discusses research investigating the human tolerance of g-forces which are the forces exerted on a body during acceleration. Topics include an overview of the physiological effects of g-forces on the human body, how military pilots of fighter jets withstand high g-forces, and the highest recorded vertical force an individual has withstood.

Focuses on acceleration and speed as important physical qualities for field sports such as football. Importance placed by conditioning coaches on needs analyses of field sports; Field sport athletes' velocity profile; Certain field sports that may need to consider the training and development of maximum velocity.

The article offers information on anatomy of foot and how the direct forces that body system utilizes through weight bearing structures during movement. It is mentions that these system redirect mechanically and absorbs impact, adjusts for dynamic and uneven surfaces to maintain stable base of support. The article adds that proper foot mechanics rely on balance between rigidity and mobility.

The article offers information on the author's experience of experiencing the gravity force. At the beginning of the space race, no one knew whether humans could cope with the fierce acceleration of launch and re-entry. The successful voyage to the moon in 1969 preceded a training which took place in a huge human centrifuge. The machine was part of a flight simulation facility at the US Naval Air Development Center near Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was used to simulate the stresses and vibrations that astronauts might encounter during launch or re-entry. The human circulatory system is altered at high gravity as the forces displace human heart within the body.

Reports on the experiment devised by physiologists Adar Pelah and Horace Barlow to study the mechanism behind the illusion that people move faster than normal after running on a treadmill. Brain's perception when the person is on a treadmill; Walkers' maintenance of the feeling of acceleration.

An abstract of the article "A Novel Artificial Neural Network Biodynamic Model for Prediction Seated Human Body Head Acceleration in Vertical Direction" by M. Gohari and colleagues is presented.

The article discusses performance enhancement (PE) programs. The programs are usually adopted by elite athletes who seek perfection in their sport but can also be adopted by persons of any age to improve their skills. An assessment of the athlete is required for PE programs, which involves identifying both physical and mental weaknesses. Several activities involved in PE programs include acceleration training , plyometric exercises, and explosive exercises.

The article discusses a meta-analysis by British researchers which examines the link between mortality and several physical capability measures in older people including grip strength standing balance and walking speed. According to the meta-analysis, older people with good grip strength, decent pace, and can stand on one leg could probably live longer than those who have problem with such tasks. It adds that these measures can be used to identify individuals at risk for death or disability.

The article presents abstracts related to G-physiology which will be presented at the 2010 Annual Scientific Meeting of the Aerospace Medical Association (AsMa) on May 9-13, 2010, including relationship of G-load with G-tolerance level, comparison of relaxed G-tolerance level with different onset rates, and the effect of positive GZ-acceleration on human hearing.

The article deals with ability of athletes to accelerate. It notes the relation of the athletes ability to accelerate with his or her pushing ability. It explains the major role played by relative body strength in the athletes ability to accelerate. It cites overstriding as one of the most common mistakes committed by young athletes. Tips for athletes on improving their acceleration are given.

The article offers tips for cyclists on how to build leg speed and boost acceleration. Topics discussed include the merits of spinning the legs quickly without any resistance, the proper way to ride a bike on a flat road, a slight downhill or on the rollers, and the proper recovery time before repeating the session.

The article offers tips and ideas for bodybuilders on how to improve bench-presses. It explains the importance of compensatory acceleration training (CAT) to weightlifting. It emphasizes the importance of heavy first repetitions when working-out. A recommended way to build strong biceps and triceps is also given.

The article focuses on the acceleration program offered by Utah Valley Sports Medicine, an affiliate of The Orthopedic Specialty Hospital (TOSH) in Utah. The Utah Valley Sports Medical Acceleration program is designed to improve the performance of athletes and to treat injuries quickly. Several families in the state have used the athlete-oriented services to increase the strength and speed of their children.