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In this research, by combining the filtered tracking error and the proportional–derivative–integral (PID) techniques, a novel of adaptive robust PID strategy has been explored for the robot manipulators (RM) system in presence of faults. In the proposed control system, the PID gains are adaptively self-updated to deal with time-varying uncertainties (the unknown RM dynamics, instantaneous faults, and disturbances) that are fully estimated by two adaptive estimators. In addition, in order to enhance the control robustness, a smooth robust compensator is also designed for decreasing the inevitable approximating/updating errors caused by uncertain faults, as well as limitation of the chattering phenomenon. Moreover, all designed updating/estimating algorithms are carried out online in considering of the Lyapunov stability criteria. The compared numerical simulation results are considered to verify effectiveness of the proposed RM fault control system.

The social transformation brought about by digital technology is deeply impacting various industries. Digital education products, with core technologies such as 5G, AI, IoT (Internet of Things), etc., are continuously penetrating areas such as teaching, management, and evaluation. Apps, miniprograms, and emerging large-scale models are providing excellent knowledge performance and flexible cross-media output. However, they also expose risks such as content discrimination and algorithm commercialization. This paper conducts an evidence-based analysis of digital education product risks from four dimensions: “digital resources-information dissemination-algorithm design-cognitive assessment”. It breaks through corresponding identification technologies and, relying on the diverse characteristics of governance systems, explores governance strategies for digital education products from the three domains of “regulators-developers-users”.

The integration of global navigation satellite system/inertial navigation system (GNSS/INS) technology is prevalent in unmanned vehicles. However, GPS signals in complex environments, such as tunnels and forests, often experience signal degradation or loss, reducing vehicle positioning accuracy. Furthermore, the effectiveness of multisensor fusion strategies based on filtering declines sharply in the presence of non-Gaussian noise. This article proposes a multisensor fusion positioning method that combines visual/INS and INS/GNSS technologies to overcome these challenges. The GPS/inertial measurement unit (IMU)/visual sensor data are preprocessed using the adaptive maximum correntropy criterion extended Kalman filter to obtain a fusion result as a benchmark. Specific data are then extracted from the output position and posture of the GPS/IMU and visual/IMU and fused twice using the Bernoulli formula to obtain the vehicle's position and posture information. We use classic navigation data from Canada and Katwijk to validate our method. When encountering both non-Gaussian noise and GPS signal anomalies, our method significantly reduces longitude and latitude errors by 22% and 40%, respectively, compared to the GPS/IMU/visual method, enabling precise positioning in urban environments.

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•The first safflower genome-wide analysis of AP2/ERF family was presented.•CtDREB52 overexpression induced changes in flavonoid accumulation.•CtDREB52 interacts with CtDFR and CtMYB enzymes in vitro.•CtDREB52 regulates UV-B-induced flavonoid biosynthesis.

In this paper, the adaptive filtering based on LMS algorithm is applied to the recognition of low-frequency oscillation mode. The step factor is improved based on Sinh function to accelerate the convergence speed of the algorithm while ensuring a low steady-state error, and the robustness of the algorithm in identification is improved by combining the maximum correlation entropy rule. The effectiveness of the algorithm for low-frequency oscillation mode identification is verified by simulation of the 10-machine 39-node New-England power system.

The article focuses on the recent trends in Latin America and Asia for combatting bribery. Topics discussed include efforts taken by the U.S. Department of Justice in resolving the same under the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act; enactment of Bribery Act 2010 in Great Britain for the same; and prevention of pervasive corruption.

The accumulator is a passive safety injection device for emergency core cooling systems. As an important safety feature for providing a high-speed injection flow to the core by compressed nitrogen gas pressure during a loss-of-coolant accident (LOCA), the accumulator injects its precharged nitrogen into the system after its coolant has been emptied. Attention has been drawn to the possible negative effects caused by such a nitrogen injection in passive safety nuclear power plants. Although some experimental work on the nitrogen injection has been done, there have been no comparative tests in which the effects on the system responses and the core safety have been clearly assessed. In this study, a new thermal hydraulic integral test facility—the advanced core-cooling mechanism experiment (ACME)—was designed and constructed to support the CAP1400 safety review. The ACME test facility was used to study the nitrogen injection effects on the system responses to the small break loss-of-coolant accident LOCA (SBLOCA) transient. Two comparison test groups—a 2-inch cold leg break and a double-ended direct-vessel-injection (DEDVI) line break—were conducted. Each group consists of a nitrogen injection test and a nitrogen isolation comparison test with the same break conditions. To assess the nitrogen injection effects, the experimental data that are representative of the system responses and the core safety were compared and analyzed. The results of the comparison show that the effects of nitrogen injection on system responses and core safety are significantly different between the 2-inch and DEDVI breaks. The mechanisms of the different effects on the transient were also investigated. The amount of nitrogen injected, along with its heat absorption, was likewise evaluated in order to assess its effect on the system depressurization process. The results of the comparison and analyses in this study are important for recognizing and understanding the potential negative effects on the passive core cooling performance caused by nitrogen injection during the SBLOCA transient.

Citrullus lanatus (watermelon) is an excellent daily source of dietary lycopene and (β-carotene. To investigate the transcriptional regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis genes relative to lycopene and (β-carotene accumulation in watermelon fruit, six watermelon accessions with different flesh colors were examined in this study: white-fleshed PI 459074, pale-yellow-fleshed 'Cream of Saskatchewan', light-pink-fleshed PI 482255, orange-yellowfleshed 'WM-CIr-1', and red-fleshed 'LSW177' and 'MSW28'. The expression patterns of eight genes (PSY1, PSY2, PDS, ZDS, CRT1SO, LCYB, NCEDl, and NCED7) involved in lycopene and β-carotene biosynthesis and biodegradation were analyzed. The results confirmed the accumulation of large quantities of lycopene in red-fleshed 'LSW177' and 'MSW28', reflecting the elevated expression of PSYI and the low transcriptional expression of NCEDl. The relative expression levels of NCEDl likely play an important role in the color development of the light-pinkfleshed PI 482255, w hereas the reduced transcriptional expression of PSY1 and the increased expression of NCEDl appear to be the main factors contributing to the formation of white flesh in the fruit of PI 459074. Low transcriptional expression of PSY1 results in the pale-yellow flesh of the 'Cream of Saskatchewan' fruit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of quercetin on egg quality and components in laying hens of different weeks. A total of 240 healthy Hessian laying hens at 29, 39-week-old with similar body weight and laying rate were randomly divided into four groups with six replicates of 10 each replicate, respectively. The treatments were fed with basal diet supplemented with 0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 g · kg−1quercetin for 8 weeks. The results showed that compared with the control, broken or soft shell rate significantly decreased at 0.2 and 0.4 g · kg−1quercetin and eggshell thickness significantly increased at 0.4 g · kg−1quercetin (P<0.01) in laying hens at 39-47 weeks old; yolk protein significantly decreased at 0.6 g · kg−1quercetin (P<0.05) in laying hens at 29-37 weeks old; while yolk protein significantly increased at three quercetin treatments in laying hens at 39-47 weeks old; yolk cholesterol significantly decreased by quercetin in laying hens at 29-37 weeks old (P<0.05); yolk total phospholipids significantly increased at 0.4 and 0.6 g · kg−1quercetin (P<0.01) and yolk cholesterol significantly decreased at 0.6 g · kg−1quercetin (P<0.05) in laying hens at 39-47 weeks old. In a word, quercetin affected egg quality and components to some extents in laying hens of different weeks, the older the hens became, the better improvement they would be. The optimum level of quercetin was 0.4 g · kg−1in the basal diet.

Water shortage in China is caused by the uneven distribution of water resources, a situation that can worsen given overexploitation and pollution. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) emission is considered the most important water pollutant. Using the logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) method, we analyse the main driving factors of the 2001–2011 changes in China's industrial water consumption-related COD emission. The main driving factors of COD emission are classified into five effects, namely, end-of-pipe treatment, COD emission intensity, water intensity, structural effect, and scale effect. In contrast to previous studies, the current work considers water consumption by using water intensity as an index. Results show that end-of-pipe treatment, with an effect of up to 35%, was the primary factor that influenced emission reduction during the studied period. Pollution reduction policies are key drivers of promoting advancements in technologies for reducing COD emission in industrial sectors, and technical efficiency in 2001–2011. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractAtmospheric CO2concentrations from January 2010 to December 2010 were simulated using the GEOS-Chem (Goddard Earth Observing System-Chemistry) model and the results were compared to satellite Gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT) and ground-based the Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) data. It was found that CO2concentrations based on GOSAT satellite retrievals were generally higher than those simulated by GEOS-Chem. The differences over the land area in January and April ranged from 1 to 2 ppm, and there were major differences in June and August. At high latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere in June, as well as south of the Sahara, the difference was greater than 5 ppm. In the high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere the model results were higher than the GOSAT retrievals, while in South America the satellite data were higher. The trend of the difference in the high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere and the Saharan region in August was opposite to June. Maximum correlation coefficients were found in April, reaching 0.72, but were smaller in June and August. In January, the correlation coefficient was only 0.36. The comparisons between GEOS-Chem data and TCCON observations showed better results than the comparison between GEOS and GOSAT. The correlation coefficients ranged between 0.42 (Darwin) and 0.92 (Izana). Analysis of the results indicated that the inconsistency between satellite observations and model simulations depended on inversion errors caused by data inaccuracies of the model simulation’s inputs, as well as the mismatch of satellite retrieval model input parameters.

AbstractIn this study, the authors developed an ensemble of Elman neural networks to forecast the spatial and temporal distribution of fossil-fuel emissions (ff) in 2009. The authors built and trained 29 Elman neural networks based on the monthly average grid emission data (1979–2008) from different geographical regions. A three-dimensional global chemical transport model, Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS)-Chem, was applied to verify the effectiveness of the networks. The results showed that the networks captured the annual increasing trend and interannual variation of ff well. The difference between the simulations with the original and predicted ff ranged from −1 ppmv to 1 ppmv globally. Meanwhile, the authors evaluated the observed and simulated north-south gradient of the atmospheric CO2concentrations near the surface. The two simulated gradients appeared to have a similar changing pattern to the observations, with a slightly higher background CO2concentration, ∼ 1 ppmv. The results indicate that the Elman neural network is a useful tool for better understanding the spatial and temporal distribution of the atmospheric CO2concentration and ff.

Four varieties of winter wheat with different return green rates were used to analyze the plasma membrane stability and the factors that affect winter wheat in the frigid region during winter. The removal of reactive oxygen species, the degree of plasma membrane impairment, water composition and content, and the changes in cell viability in the crowns, which contain the growing point, were studied during the period from cold acclimation to the deep freezing. The results showed that electrical conductivity which reflects the degree of plasma membrane damaged under low temperature was significantly correlated with the free water and the total water content. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content, which reflects the degree of membrane peroxidation, was very significantly correlated with superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase, and ascorbic acid. During the deep freezing period, the SOD activity and glutathione (GSH) content of the winter wheat varieties were relative to their cold resistance. During this period, the MDA stability, SOD, GSH, and the total water and the free water content might be used to identify the cold resistance of winter wheat varieties.

We investigate the schemes of quantum network teleportation for quantum information distribution and concentration, which are essential in quantum cloud computation and the quantum internet. In those schemes, with the prior shared entanglement in the quantum network, the cloud can send simultaneously identical unknown quantum states to clients located in different places. Additionally, with the same entanglement resource, these clients can concentrate their states to the cloud to reconstruct the original state. The number of clients can be beyond the number of identical quantum states intentionally being sent; this quantum network teleportation can make sure that the quantum states' distribution is optimal in the sense that the fidelity achieves the upper bound. These schemes facilitate the quantum information distribution and concentration in quantum networks in the framework of quantum cloud computation. Potential applications in time synchronization and the photonic implementation of those schemes are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Embryo injection is a significant technique in molecular biology and drug discovery for zebrafish, one of the most popular model organisms. Traditional zebrafish embryo injection is manually conducted under microscope, requiring challenging coordination of hand (to manipulate), eye (to watch) and even foot (to trigger the microinjector), and their respective precise control as well as being labor intensive. An automatic operating process for zebrafish embryo injection is proposed in this paper. Based on a micromanipulation robot system, the operating process integrates computer vision and micromanipulation robot control to realize batch embryo quantitative injection automatically. Successful rate of 93% and survival ratio of 89.5% at operating speed of 6-7 embryos/minute are obtained, verifying the feasibility and effectiveness of the process. Finally, the process is applied to inject a fluorescent material and investigate the toxicity of a dye, both receiving success.

We study the minimal input sets which can determine completely the universal and the phase-covariant quantum cloning machines. We find that the universal quantum cloning machine, which can copy an arbitrary input qubit to two identical copies, however, can be determined completely by only four input states located at the four vertices of a tetrahedron in a Bloch sphere. The phase-covariant quantum cloning machine, which can create two copies from an arbitrary qubit located on the equator of the Bloch sphere, can be determined by three qubits located symmetrically on the equator of the Bloch sphere with equal relative phase. These results sharpen further the well-known results that Bennett-Brassard 1984 protocol (BB84) states and six states used in quantum cryptography can determine completely the phase-covariant and universal quantum cloning machines. This can simplify the testing procedure of whether the quantum clone machines are successful or not; namely, we only need to check that the minimal input sets can be cloned optimally, which can ensure that the quantum clone machines can work well for all input states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Five new 3,4-seco-lanostane-type triterpenoids, seco-coccinic acids G–K (1–5), and a known compound, seco-coccinic F, were isolated from the roots of Kadsura coccinea (Lem.) A. C. Sm. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including 2D-NMR and HR-MS techniques. The cell growth inhibitory effects of these compounds were assayed in human leukemia HL-60 cells, and it was found that 1, 5, and 6 showed antiproliferative effects with GI50 values of 28.4, 15.2, and 16.6 µM, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to provide an overall image in terms of low carbon society (LCS) and its development in China. It mainly introduced and analyzed low carbon development which was addressed as crucial initiative for implementation of LCS in China. A comparative analysis was carried out on concepts and experiences of LCS between China and developed countries. The trends and characteristics of CO2emissions in China have also been analyzed. Because of large amount of CO2emissions generated in the production process and relatively small amount of CO2emissions in the consumption process, China is facing a severe challenge of imbalance in economic growth and CO2emissions. If the consumption and production pattern of developed countries are duplicated, China is very likely to experience a development pattern of boosting economic growth and improving living standards significantly but meanwhile risking and suffering by large amount of resources consumption and CO2emissions. Thus, a comprehensive, systematic and scientific scheme for implementing a low carbon society is urgently needed in China. Through literature research, mainstream perspectives of scholars with respect to development of LCS are concluded. In the meantime, CO2emissions reduction target, carbon taxation and different debated issues are also presented. The achievements, China has made, consist of concrete actions taken by local governments, some new policies and regulations for carbon reduction at national level, in particular energy-saving and renewable energy policies proposed in the 11th Five-Year Plan (2005–2010). Carbon trading markets and carbon capture and starage technology have also made progress in China. There are still many limitations and barriers remaining and in need to be solved in the next steps.

EGFR, as a critical signaling pathway in many human tumors, has become an important target of cancer drug design. Taspine has shown meaningful angiogenesis activity in previous studies. This paper is to investigate the antitumor action of taspine by modulating the EGFR signaling pathway. The study determined the expression of key signaling molecules of EGFR (EGFR, Akt, p-Akt, Erk, and p-Erk) by Western blot and real-time PCR and analyzed their correlations with subsequent reactions. In addition, the cell proliferation, migration, and EGF production were examined by MTT, transwell system, and ELISA. The antitumor activity in vivo was carried out by xenograft in athymic mice. The results showed that taspine could inhibit A431 and Hek293/EGFR cell proliferation and A431 cell migration as well as EGF production. Compared to the negative control, EGFR, Akt, and phosphorylation of Akt were significantly inhibited by taspine treatment in A431 and HEK293/EGFR cells. Consistent with the inhibition of Akt activity, Erk1/2 and its phosphorylation were reduced. Moreover, taspine inhibited A431 xenograft tumor growth. These results suggest that EGFR activated by EGF and its downstream signaling pathways proteins could be downregulated by taspine in a dose-dependent manner. The antitumor mechanism of taspine through the EGFR pathway lies in the ability to inhibit A431 cell proliferation and migration by reducing EGF secretion. This occurs through the repression of EGFR which mediates not only MAPK (Erk1/2) but also Akt signals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have systematically calculated the mass spectra for S-wave and P-wave fully charm cccc and fully bottom bbbb tetraquark states in the 8[QQ]⊗8[QQ] color configuration, by using the moment QCD sum rule method. The masses for the fully charm cccc tetraquark states are predicted about 6.3-6.5 GeV for S-wave channels and 7.0-7.2 GeV for P-wave channels. These results suggest the possibility that there are some 8[cc]⊗8[cc] components in LHCb's di-J/ψ structures. For the fully bottom bbbb system, their masses are calculated around 18.2 GeV for S-wave tetraquark states while 18.4-18.8 GeV for P-wave ones, which are below the ηbηb and Υ(1S)Υ(1S) two-meson decay thresholds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The essence and methodology is proposed for image processing and interactive visualization of confocal microscopy images. Firstly, an intensity compensation algorithm is applied to reduce noises resulted from light absorption and scattering by objects and particles in the volume through which light passed. Secondly, a deconvolution algorithm based on Maximum A Posteriori is applied to improve the image stacks' quality. Lastly, the ray-casting algorithm is used to reconstruct the fine details in the volume. Furthermore, interactive control panel is integrated to provide users an intuitive interface to view the cells and its structures through translation, rotation and zoom in/out operations. Experimental results demonstrate that the speed and versatility of the program allows for convenient, fast, interactive examination of unknown cell structures even on commodity PC without any other special hardware. The program is also able to visualize dynamically changing temporary structures conveniently in addition to static images.

Although intracellular cholesterol levels are known to influence the proteolysis of β-amyloid precursor protein (APP), the effect of specific genes that regulate cholesterol metabolism on APP processing remains poorly understood. The cholesterol transporter ABCG1 facilitates cholesterol efflux to HDL and is expressed in brain. Notably, the human ABCG1 gene maps to chromosome 21q22.3, and individuals with Down syndrome (DS) typically manifest with Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology in their 30s. Here, we demonstrate that expression of ABCG1 enhances amyloid-β protein (Aβ) production in transfected HEK cells in a manner that requires functional cholesterol transporter activity. ABCG1-expressing cells also exhibit increased secreted APP (sAPP)α and sAPPβ secretion and display increased cell surface-associated APP. These results suggest that ABCG1 increases the availability of APP as a secretase substrate for both the amyloidogenic and nonamyloidogenic pathways. In vivo, ABCG1 mRNA levels are 2-fold more abundant in DS brain compared with age- and sex-matched normal controls. Finally, both Aβ and sAPPα levels are increased in DS cortex relative to normal controls. These findings suggest that altered cholesterol metabolism and APP trafficking mediated by ABCG1 may contribute to the accelerated onset of AD neuropathology in DS.

This note proposes a novel algorithm for robust partial eigenvalue assignment (RPEVA) problem for a cubic matrix pencil arising from modeling of vibrating systems with aerodynamic effects. The RPEVA problem for a cubic pencil is the one of choosing suitable feedback matrices to reassign a few (say κ < 3n) unwanted eigenvalues while leaving the remaining large number (3n — κ) of them unchanged, in such a way that the the eigenvalues of the closed-loop matrix are as insensitive as possible to small perturbation of the data. The latter amounts to minimizing the condition number of the closed-loop eigenvector matrix. The problem is solved directly in the cubic matrix polynomial setting without making any transformation to a standard first-order state-space system. This allows us to take advantage of the exploitable structures such as the sparsity, definiteness, bandness, etc., very often offered by large practical problems. The major computational requirements are: i) solution of a small Sylvester equation, ii) QR factorizations, and iii) solution of a standard least squares problem. The least-squares problem result from matrix rank-two update techniques used in the algorithm for reassigning complex eigenvalues. The practical effectiveness of the method is demonstrated by implementational results on simulated data provided by the Boeing company. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The survival probability of the superheavy compound nuclei with Z = 114 is studied with the statistical model. It is found that the survival probability shows drastic odd–even effects. The odd-A compound nuclei have higher survival probability by evaporating three neutrons as compared with their neigbouring even-A compound nuclei.

The survival probability of super heavy nuclei produced in cold fusion reactions is studied by using the standard Fermi gas level density formula and analyzed with fission and neutron evaporation characteristics predicted in different theoretical models. The level density formula used in this letter suppresses the ratio of neutron emission width to fission width, . The dependence of on the saddle point level density parameter and excitation energy is also investigated.

The properties of neutron stars are studied in a relativistic mean-field model with SU(2) chiral symmetry spontaneous breaking being considered. The calculation results indicate that the effects of the chiral symmetry spontaneous breaking are not negligible.

The octupole excitations of ?-stable nucleus , a neutron skin nucleus and a drip-line nucleus are studied by using the self-consistent Hartree-Fock calculation plus the random phase approximation (RPA) with Skyrme interaction. The lowest isoscalar (IS) excitation below threshold for nuclei and and the IS and isovector (IV) giant resonances of nuclei , and can be well described by collective model. For skin nucleus and drip-line nucleus , the low-lying unperturbed neutron octupole strength () of transitions to non-resonant states are nearly unaffected and the transitions to bound states are absorbed into collective states by taking into account the RPA correlation.

We have studied the masse spectra for the cc̅b̅b and bb̅c̅c tetraquark states with quantum numbers JP=0±,1±, and 2+. We systematically construct the interpolating currents with various spin-parity quantum numbers and calculate their two-point correlation functions in the framework of QCD moment sum rule method. Our calculations show that the masses are about 12.3-12.4 GeV for the positive parity cc̅b̅b tetraquark ground states with JP=0+,1+,2+, while 12.8-13.1 GeV for the negative parity channels with JP=0-,1-. The mass predictions for the positive parity cc̅b̅b ground states are lower than the BcBc threshold, implying that these tetraquarks can only decay via weak interaction and thus are expected to be stable and narrow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the existence of fully-heavy hidden-flavor bc¯b¯c tetraquark states with various JPC=0±+,0--,1±±,2++, by using the moment QCD sum rule method augmented by fundamental inequalities. Using the moment sum rule analyses, our calculation shows that the masses for the S-wave positive parity bc¯b¯c tetraquark states are about 12.2-12.4 GeV in both [̅3c]bc⊗[3c]̅b̅c and [6c]bc⊗[̅6c]̅b̅c color configuration channels. Except for two 0++ states, such results are below the thresholds Tηcηb/TΥψ and TBcBc, implying that these S-wave positive parity bc̅b̅c tetraquark states are probably stable against the strong interaction. For the P-wave negative parity bc̅b̅c tetraquarks, their masses in the [̅3c]bc⊗[3c]̅b̅c channel are around 12.9-13.2 GeV, while a bit higher in the [6c]bc⊗[̅6c]̅b̅c channel. They can decay into the c̅c+b̅b and c̅b+b̅c final states via the spontaneous dissociation mechanism, including the J/ψΥ, ηcΥ, J/ψηb, B+cB-c channels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective:To observe the effect of Fuzheng Kangbai Granule (FZKBG) on long-term survival of patients with acute leukemia, and to study its mechanism in treating minimal residual leukemia.Methods:FZKBG was used to treat 90 cases of completely remitted acute leukemia to observe the effect of treatment on 5-year event free interval (EFI), over survival (OS) and the immune function of patients.Results:Five-year EFI and OS of the 90 cases were 62.4% and 77.2% respectively, and the immune functions after FZKBG therapy were improved significantly.Conclusion: FZKBG could increase the 5-year EFI and 5-year OS, which might be reached through improving immune function of patients.

Since the creation of the Republic of China, three crucial cultural movements have deeply influenced the Chinese people: the May Fourth Movement of 1919, the New Life Movement of 1934, and the Chinese Cultural Renaissance Movement of 1966. The May Fourth Movement had both positive and negative consequences. Whether it was beneficial to China is debatable.

Alzheimer's neurofibrillary tangles were studied by electron microscopy. The study includes four cases of Alzheimer's disease, two cases of atypical senile dementia, and one case of progressive supranuclear palsy. In Alzheimer's disease the tangles were composed of either straight filaments or paired helical filaments. In progressive supranuclear palsy the tangles were composed of 15 nm straight filaments or helical filaments. A few straight filaments were mixed with paired helical filaments. In atypical senile dementia, both straight and paired helical filaments comprised the tangles and one type of filaments appeared to intermingle with the other in the same neurons.

The problem of Stokes entry flow into a semi-infinite circular cylindrical tube was studied in this paper. A new kind of series solutions was derived. Their evident difference from the solutions in References [1,2] is that the present solutions don't involve infinite integral. So they are favourable for calculation. We calculated an example by allocated method and obtained satisfied results.

Using Beltrami-Schaefer stress function in the theory of elasticity in this paper, we derive the stress functions of torsion, plane problem, axisymmetric deformation in solid of revolution and torsion on solid of revolution.

The problems concerning population theories — or the law of demographic development — occupy an important position in social sciences because they involve the entire sphere of social and economic life. What is more significant to the study of population theory at this time is that the contemporary imperialist and colonialist scholars are attempting to pave the way ideologically for imperialists to enslave and massacre the peoples in the backward regions by duping them with so-called neo-Malthusianism, which is a mix of all elements of reactionary sociological, economic, and even biological theories.

We study the mass spectra of the NΩ dibaryons in the ³S1 and 5S2 channels with JP=1+ and 2+, respectively, by using the method of QCD sum rules. We construct two dibaryon interpolating currents in the molecular picture and calculate their correlation functions and spectral densities up to dimension-16 condensates. Our results indicate that there may exist an NΩ dibaryon bound state in the 5S2 channel with a binding energy of about 21 MeV. The masses of the ³S1 NΩ dibaryons with JP=1+ are predicted to be higher than the NΩ and ΛΞ thresholds and thus, can decay into these final states directly in S wave. The NΩ(5S2) dibaryon bound state can decay into the octet-octet final states ΛΞ and ΣΞ in D wave via the quark rearrangement mechanism. The existence of these NΩ dibaryons may be identified in the relativistic heavy-ion collision experiments in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the case Miller v. Stevenson in which plaintiff Kerry D. Miller alleged that the defendants, mental health professionals at the correctional institutions have violated various constitutional rights. It states that the federal court in Michigan dismissed a transgender inmate's pro se complaint claiming civil rights violations based on the alleged failure of state correctional facilities to provide treatment for gender dysphoria on August 6, 2018.

Formation and growth of solid particles of Sn-15% Pb and Al-40% Zn were studied using a Couette type viscometer in isothermally and continuously cooled shear flows. Solid particles come mainly from broken dendrites in the initial stage of solidification. With increase of solid fraction, solids grow in an equiaxial and merging way in the flow of the partially solidified alloy. Mergence happens between two particles of small misorientation, and merging growth is performed by the growth of protruding parts on the solid-liquid interfaces of the solids.

Due to the low viscosity of water, the water film is not easy to form, and the water-lubricated bearing system has the characteristics of airtightness. Therefore, it is difficult to obtain an accurate water film pressure distribution through experiments. Aiming at the loss of water film pressure in the process of water film pressure transmission caused by L-type pipeline in the existing wireless sensor testing methods for water film pressure, a mathematical model of water-lubricated bearing system pipeline pressure loss is established by numerical analysis method, and the corresponding physical model is established by using ANSYS software. The mechanism of pressure loss is studied by simulation. Finally, the test results were corrected and analyzed. The results show that the higher the flow rate of lubricating water at the inlet of the pipeline, the greater the pressure loss of the water film; the higher the shaft speed, the greater the local pressure loss; the longer the pipeline, the greater the pressure loss of the straight pipe section of the L-shaped pipeline, and the dynamic condition of the pipeline The pressure loss and energy loss are much more severe than static conditions.

The article discusses the court case Wittkowski v. Levine wherein the U.S. District Court in Massachusetts dismissed a prisoner's pro se claims that doctors contracted by the state's Department of Corrections violated her Eighth Amendment rights and committed medical malpractice by denying her sex reassignment surgery. District Judge Nathaniel Gorton could not find sufficient evidence to prove the claims made by Alyssa Wittkowski.

The article discusses the court case Collymore v. Suffolk Cty. Sheriff Dep't. wherein U.S. Magistrate Judge M. Page Kelley granted a motion to dismiss claims by a transgender inmate, alleging that her correctional facility's medical director violated her civil rights by refusing to prescribe her estrogen for gender dysphoria. Details of the case filed by Steven Collymore are presented. Magistrate Judge Kelley found that the allegations were only a disagreement with medical recommendations.

A long-distance (106 km) fully distributed fiber-optic fence based on polarization optical time-domain reflectometry (P-OTDR) with 2-nd order Raman amplification is demonstrated. To our best knowledge, it is the longest fiber fence reported so far. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses how an Open-Closed Principle (OCP) can minimize cascading changes through software. It discusses how OCP could provide useful guidance for writing a good quality module, which could be changed and maintained easily. It is informed that the author created a MessageSender responsible for converting an object message to a byte array and a BatchingStrategy abstraction for deciding how message are batched together.