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Two types of solid waste generated in large amounts in oil refining and biocombustible industries, i.e., spent cracking catalyst and unprofitable raw glycerin were concomitantly valorized. Experiments for process optimization were carried out in two successive steps. First, a 24full-factorial experimental design was adopted to estimate the effects of four variables and, their interaction, on the rare earth metal biorecovery from spent cracking catalyst using Yarrowia lipolyticacell-free fermented medium (growth as expenses of raw glycerin as the main carbon source): pulp density, bioleaching temperature, contact time, and raw glycerin concentration in microbial culture. Next, tests were executed to maximize the biorecovery, considering the previous results in the experimental design. The optimized process conditions were found to be pulp density, 0.4% (m/v); bioleaching temperature, 50 °C; contact time, 45 min; and bioleaching production using 56 g/L of biodiesel-derived glycerin in the mineral medium. In such process conditions, up to 90% of La, Nd, and Ce were recovered. All of the biomining tests were carried out in 500-mL Erlenmeyer flasks and contained 100 mL of the cell-free fermented medium. Thermally or chemically pretreated catalysts or raw glycerin was not used in this study and the yeast strain was not previously adapted to the contaminants (organics or metals). Other goals were to reduce the process stages, seeking economic viability for future larger-scale (scale-up) studies.

O objetivo geral deste artigo é contribuir para uma melhor compreensão do constructo assédio moral na relação aluno-professor. Tal conceito, de cunho geral, leva ao questionamento de como esse constructo é compreendido por professores universitários que o vivenciam em suas práticas de trabalho. No sentido de responder ao questionamento, foram realizadas 42 entrevistas com docentes universitários. Os dados coletados foram tabulados e organizados por meio da metodologia do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo (DSC). Os resultados indicam seis discursos coletivos, que têm como ideias-chave: constrangimento ao professor, pressão para obter vantagens, falta de respeito, condutas difamatórias recorrentes, obstáculos ao propósito da docência e ameaça à integridade moral e física. O aprofundamento do entendimento do assédio moral na relação aluno-professor é relevante, pois contribui para uma maior consciência e reflexão sobre comportamentos destrutivos que não são mais aceitáveis no estágio evolutivo da sociedade moderna e, sobretudo, que ainda ocorrem em um grupo social no qual se propõe precipuamente formar cidadãos socialmente responsáveis e moralmente íntegros.

: No existe un predictor de destete de la ventilación mecánica (VM) ideal. En un gran metaanálisis, y pese a las limitaciones metodológicas, la Frecuencia Respiratoria (FR) fue considerada como un predictor promisorio. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la FR como un predictor de fallo de destete de la VM.

Cardiopulmonary bypass is known to alter propofol pharmacokinetics in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. However, few studies have evaluated the impact of these alterations on postoperative pharmacodynamics. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that changes in propofol pharmacokinetics increase hypnotic effects after cardiopulmonary bypass.

Despite a sluggish start, Japan's biosimilar market looks set for accelerated growth. Or they should target sizable subgroups of patients whose treatment with biosimilars could hit the co-pay cap and thus lower patient costs in line with those of the originators. For example, prescriptions for adalimumab for elderly patients could reach the cap, as the elderly are likely to be taking several different drugs, the combined costs of which would be considered under the co-pay system. [Extracted from the article]

Highlights from the article: Our analysis showed that investment in European biotechs is increasing but that in late-stage financing, Europe lags behind the United States by a large (and still growing) margin. However, European biotechs are starting to attract a broader pool of investors, including China's maturing community (now 3 to 5 percent of total investment in the European biotech industry). In fact, the ratios between early and late financing vary considerably from country to country in Europe: in several where the number of biotechs has increased (for instance, Switzerland), there is a strong underlying imbalance between early- and late-stage financing. As for public markets, biotech IPOs are three times larger on Nasdaq than on European exchanges, so European biotechs tend to look to the United States for growth capital.

The Erasmus Plus programme ‘Innovative Education and Training in high power laser plasmas’, otherwise known as PowerLaPs, is described. The PowerLaPs programme employs an innovative paradigm in that it is a multi-centre programme where teaching takes place in five separate institutes with a range of different aims and styles of delivery. The ‘in class’ time is limited to four weeks a year, and the programme spans two years. PowerLaPs aims to train students from across Europe in theoretical, applied and laboratory skills relevant to the pursuit of research in laser–plasma interaction physics and inertial confinement fusion (ICF). Lectures are intermingled with laboratory sessions and continuous assessment activities. The programme, which is led by workers from the Technological Educational Institute (TEI) of Crete, and supported by co-workers from the Queen’s University Belfast, the University of Bordeaux, the Czech Technical University in Prague, Ecole Polytechnique, the University of Ioannina, the University of Salamanca and the University of York, has just completed its first year. Thus far three Learning Teaching Training (LTT) activities have been held, at the Queen’s University Belfast, the University of Bordeaux and the Centre for Plasma Physics and Lasers (CPPL) of TEI Crete. The last of these was a two-week long Intensive Programme (IP), while the activities at the other two universities were each five days in length. Thus far work has concentrated upon training in both theoretical and experimental work in plasma physics, high power laser–matter interactions and high energy density physics. The nature of the programme will be described in detail and some metrics relating to the activities carried out to date will be presented.