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•On early follow-up, TMI is not associated with increased risk of subsequent malignant neoplasms (SMNs) relative to total body irradiation (TBI).•SMNs developed in 5.3% of patients who underwent TBI and in 5.9% of patients who underwent TMI.•SMNs occurred at a median of 3.3 years following TBI and 1.7 years following TMI.

Effective separation and transfer of photoexcited carriers are essential for photocatalysis, which could be optimized by the rational design of morphology and phase structure. Herein, using NH4HCO3as intercalating and orienting agents, few-layer vertical-standing multiphasic MoS2nanosheets (VM-MoS2) were successfully constructed along the longitudinal axis of CdS nanorods via a green hydrothermal method. The growth mechanism of VM-MoS2on CdS nanorods was demonstrated to include the competitive adsorption of HCO3–and Mo7O246–anions on the protonated CdS, and the intercalation of NH4+cations. Moreover, the impacts of the morphology and phase structure of the MoS2cocatalyst on the photocatalytic H2evolution (PHE) performance of CdS were carefully compared. It is found that the VM-MoS2nanosheets can not only expose abundant active sites, but also allow the supporter to harvest the light effectively. Additionally, the metallic 1T-MoS2in VM-MoS2would help the interface transfer of photogenerated electrons and act as photoelectron entrepots and catalytically active sites for H2evolution. With the VM-MoS2cocatalyst, the as-synthesized CdS@VM-MoS2shows an outstanding PHE rate of ∼40.1 mmol·h–1·g–1under visible-light irradiation. Interestingly, integrating with the 2H-MoS2phase will make the metastable 1T-MoS2more stable, leading to the exceptional photostability of CdS@VM-MoS2nanocomposite.

Adsorption with granules is critical for lithium recovery from brines due to the simplicity, efficiency, and environmental-friendliness of its industrial process. However, obtaining hydrophilic and stable binders remains to be a challenging task. Herein, a one-pot green strategy for granulating Li1.33Mn1.67O4(LMO-1) powder into PVA/LMO-1 composites was developed with hydrophilic poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as a binder and glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTES) as a coupling agent. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was added to the reaction process to create pores by its thermal decomposition. The powder in the coupling composites would be difficult to leach out when compared to the granulation method of physical blending. Furthermore, the resulting PVA/LMO-1 demonstrated high water absorbency, pH stability, and fast water/ion exchange without visible swelling, which are important in industrial scale-up experiments where energy consumption and time can be reduced. Additionally, the selectivity of different ions of granulated PVA/LMO-1 was evaluated and confirmed. The lithium adsorption efficiency in real brine (produced water from the Puguang gas field) was 93.5%, which is higher than that of other adsorbents with comparable adsorption capacity; Meanwhile the magnesium-lithium ratios (Mg2+/Li+ratios) decreased from 8.92 to 0.15, Na+/Li+ratios decreased from 997 to 1.35, K+/Li+ratios decreased from 30.26 to 0.29, Ca2+/Li+from 30.87 to 2.36, indicating that the high salt content and organic pollutants of real bine do not affect the performance of the adsorbent. Long-term cyclic results showed that the structure and adsorption capacity of PVA/LMO-1 were stable. All these properties demonstrate that the developed PVA/LMO-1 absorbent could provide an appealing and competitive method for the industrial process.

The role of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in post-operative gastric cancer is unknown. We evaluated the toxicity profiles of post-operative gastric cancer patients treated with IMRT or three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT). We identified patients with gastric cancer treated with post-operative radiation at our institution between 2002 and 2016. Acute and late toxicities were evaluated per RTOG/EORTC Radiation Toxicity Grading Scale. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square tests, ttests, log-rank, and logistic regression. We identified 66 patients who underwent surgical resection as part of planned definitive treatment. Eighty percent of patients had T3 or higher disease, while 67% had N2+ disease. Thirty patients received 3D-CRT, while 36 received IMRT. Patients receiving 3D-CRT were younger in age than IMRT, treated longer ago, and did not receive neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Acute grade 2 lower GI toxicity was higher with 3D-CRT (40% vs 17%, p= 0.04). 3D-CRT had higher rates of late lung toxicity of any grade (23% vs 3%, p= 0.02), grade 3+ late esophageal toxicity (23% vs 3%, p= 0.02), and grade 2+ late intestinal toxicity (19% vs 0% p= 0.01). Dosimetric analysis showed that keeping Bowel V5 ≤ 93% protected against development of acute lower GI toxicity of any grade, with V5 ≤ 93% resulting in 10.5% incidence, and V5 > 93% resulting in 52% incidence (p= 0.004). Use of IMRT in post-operative gastric cancer is associated with reduced acute and late toxicities. Consideration should be given for prospective evaluation in the future.

Solid solutions can provide a more controllable way to realize the continuous regulation of the physicochemical properties of materials; thus, they have aroused extensive attention of researchers. Herein, one-dimensional (1D) Cd0.85Zn0.15S solid solution nanorods (CZS NRs) are selected as the substrate photocatalyst. Then, a uniform molybdate solid solution (Cd0.85Zn0.15MoO4, CZMO) nanoshell is successfully constructed on the surface of 1D CZS NRs for photocatalytic H2evolution (PHE) using a convenient in situ photoinduced ion-exchange method with (NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2O as a precursor. Compared with the CZS, the coated CZMO solid solution shell is more stable and can effectively protect the sulfide photocatalyst from photocorrosion. Meanwhile, as the reaction active sites, the CZMO shell also shows excellent affinity for water, and thus significantly promotes the adsorption and reaction of H2O molecules on the photocatalyst surface. More importantly, it is found that the in situ-constructed CZMO shell can form an intimate type-II heterojunction with the CZS core to further realize the efficient spatial separation of photogenerated carriers. The as-prepared core–shell CZS@CZMO solid solution heterostructure exhibits an enhanced and stable visible-light-driven PHE performance (∼8.5 mmol g–1h–1) within 15 h of photocatalytic water splitting. On this basis, a preliminary mechanism model has been proposed.