Search

To review cases of optic neuritis after COVID-19 vaccination and add similar cases to the literature.

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs) are a group of neuroinflammatory diseases, which mainly affect the optic nerve and spinal cord. NMOSD is an astrocytic channelopathy involving the aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channels in the central nervous system. Patients can present with seizure attacks as a first manifestation or relapse. However, compared with multiple sclerosis (MS) or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein encephalomyelitis (MOG-EM), seizure attacks are less frequent in NMOSD.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) with varied prevalence rates among populations with different ethnic backgrounds. Therefore, studies done on minorities have shed more light on the risk factors.

This article has been withdrawn at the request of the authors and editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause.

In this paper, preparation of nano-biphasic calcium phosphate (nBCP), mechanical behavior and load-bearing of poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and PLGA/nBCP are presented. The nBCP with composition of 63/37 (w/w) HA/β-TCP (hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate) was produced by heating of bovine bone at 700°C. Composite scaffolds were made by using PLGA matrix and 10-50 wt% nBCP powders as reinforcement material. All scaffolds were prepared by thermally induced solid-liquid phase separation (TIPS) at −60°C under 4 Pa (0.04 mbar) vacuum. The results of elastic modulus testing were adjusted with Ishai-Cohen and Narkis models for rigid polymeric matrix and compared to each other. PLGA/nBCP scaffolds with 30 wt% nBCP showed the highest value of yield strength among the scaffolds. In addition, it was found that by increasing the nBCP in scaffolds to 50 wt%, the modulus of elasticity was highly enhanced. However, the optimum value of yield strength was obtained at 30 wt% nBCP, and the agglomeration of reinforcing particles at higher percentages caused a reduction in yield strength. It is clear that the elastic modulus of matrix has the significant role in elastic modulus of scaffolds, as also the size of the filler particles in the matrix. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To gather, synthesize, and meta-analyze data regarding the risk factors associated with a severe course of COVID-19 among patients with multiple sclerosis (pwMS).

Covid-19 has affected all people, especially those with chronic diseases, including Parkinson's Disease (PD). Covid-19 may affect both motor and neuropsychiatric symptoms of PD patients. We intend to evaluate different aspects of Covid-19 impact on PD patients.

Optic neuritis (ON) is inflammation of the optic nerve. In multiple sclerosis (MS) acute demyelization of optic nerve is a common cause of ON in some parts. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are present in circulation and contribute to vasculogenesis in adults. The aim of present study was to determine the number of circulating EPCs in MS patients with ON.

Osteopontin is a multitasking secreted protein with a bold role in autoimmune processes. It is a pro-inflammatory cytokine implicating in cell–matrix and cell–cell interactions, inflammation, recruitment, survival. Thus, it is crucial for T helper-1 immunity. A therapeutic-based study demonstrated that Natalizumab binding to a4-subunit of a4-B1 integrin reduces cell adhesion of invasive immune cells to the endothelium of the central nervous system. The a4-B1 is an osteopontin binding partner. Consequently, it seems that a reduction of osteopontin can ameliorate multiple sclerosis relapses. Oncostatin m is an interleukin-6 family member secreted by variety of immune and none immune cells suggesting roles for oncostatin m in physiological and pathological conditions such as regulation of prostaglandin expression in astrocytes, involvement in dendritic cell's activities, neutrophil recruitment, immunosuppression, inhibition of proliferation of neural precursor cells, and enhancement of oligodendrocytes progenitor cell activity in demyelinated sites. In this study, we assessed these markers in Iranian relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patient's plasma level according to the healthy controls.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neuroinflammatory disease of central nervous system (CNS). Although the exact etiology of MS in not fully known, it has been shown that an interaction of environmental and genetic factors are involved. During pregnancy maternal and fetal cells commute back and forth leading to fetal microchimerism in the mother and maternal microchimerism in the child that can persist for years and contribute in pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Thus, in this study we aimed to measure levels of microchimeric cells in blood of MS patients.

Many studies have been performed throughout the universe suggested that there might be associations between multiple sclerosis and many tumors, such as Hodgkin lymphoma, brain tumors, nasopharyngeal carcinoma and particularly breast cancer. However, cancer occurrence in patients suffering from multiple sclerosis is a fact that still requires more studies.

Fasting is one of the recommended worships of several great religions in the world. During the Ramadan, circadian rhythm and pattern of eating changes results in physiological, biochemical and hormonal changes in the body. Many of Muslims with medical considerations ask their physicians about the feasibility and safety of fasting during Ramadan. We proposed this study to assess the effect of Ramadan fasting on the quality of life and fatigue in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the Central Nervous System (CNS) which is characterized by demyelination and axonal loss. It has been shown that Diamine Oxidase (DAO) enzyme degrades histamine. Histamine has a role in increasing permeability of Blood–Brain Barrier (BBB) that leads to immune cells infiltration of CNS and has a proinflammatory effect via H1R receptor. The objective of the project is to measure serum levels of histamine and DAO enzyme of patients with Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS) in comparison with healthy control subjects.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of human central nervous system in which chronic inflammation play a pivotal role. On the other hand, production of anti-inflammatory factors by some parts of body including adipose tissue may have protective effects in MS patients. So, in this study we tested the hypothesis that adiponectin has a protective role in MS.

The prevalenceof MS 20–60/100,000 in Iran and 73/100,000 in Isfahan. Isfahan is considered as an area with high risk of MS. The patients affected MS interface with physical, psychological, family, occupation, societal, and family problems. MS is a multifaceted gene–environment interactions. Recently, there has been increasing evidence shown that a non-synonymous exchange (Gly307Ser/rs763361) of the CD226 gene on chromosome 18q22 is linked to some autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). On the other hand MS has an increasing rate in our area and we know that the genetical model of the disease would be varied in different ethnic and geographic areas, we decided to study the polymorphism of the Gly307Ser gene in Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS) patients in order to identify some disease susceptibility gene variants

The epidemiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) in Middle East has been a major topic of concern during the recent years. A sharp increase in the prevalence and incidence of MS in this region is observed during the recent years. In this study, for the first time, we aimed to provide a comprehensive review regarding the incidence and prevalence of MS across the Middle East.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease with unknown etiology and variable clinical evolution. Interleukin-33 (IL-33), the most recently discovered member of the Interleukin-1 superfamily, is a dual functional cytokine that has involved in various autoimmune diseases pathogenesis.