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ABSTRACTA critical aspect of Mathematics Teacher Leaders’ (MTLs) multi-faceted work is facilitating collective disciplinary discussions relevant and accessible for teachers. While research has identified goals for teacher learning, how MTLs learn to support these goals in content-specific ways is still under investigation. In this study, we lift the classroom design and analytic framework of Productive Disciplinary Engagement to examine the work of 73 MTLs and two expert facilitators in a professional development setting. Our use of the framework as an analytic lens to examine leader professional development revealed critical MTL and facilitator practices that supported productive mathematical engagement and practices that hindered engagement. We contend that productive disciplinary engagement provides a fruitful lens as an analytic framework for research. We also argue that it may serve as a valuable designframework for MTL and teacher professional development in future research and development efforts.

Increasing foodborne illnesses have led to global health and economic burdens. E. coliO157:H7 is one of the most common disease-provoking pathogens and known to be lethal Shiga toxin-producing E. coli(STEC) strains. With a low infection dose in addition to person-to-person transmission, STEC infections are easily spread. As a result, specific and rapid testing methods to identify foodborne pathogens are urgently needed. Nanozymes have emerged as enzyme-mimetic nanoparticles, demonstrating intrinsic catalytic activity that could allow for rapid, specific, and accurate pathogen identification in the agrifood industry. In this study, we developed a sensitive nanoplatform based on the traditional ELISA assay with the synergistic properties of gold and iron oxide nanozymes, replacing the conventional enzyme horseradish peroxidase (HRP). We designed an easily interchangeable sandwich ELISA composed of a novel, multifunctional magneto-plasmonic nanosensor (MPnS) with target antibodies (MPnS-Ab). Our experiments demonstrate a 100-fold increase in catalytic activity in comparison to HRP with observable color changes within 15 min. Results further indicate that the MPnS-Ab is highly specific for E. coliO157:H7. Additionally, effective translatability of catalytic activity of the MPnS technology in the lateral flow assay (LFA) platform is also demonstrated for E. coliO157:H7 detection. As nanozymes display more stability, tunable activity, and multi-functionality than natural enzymes, our platform could provide customizable, low-cost assay that combines high specificity with rapid detection for a variety of pathogens in a point-of-care setup.

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Describes the implementation of the goals of the Kentucky Education Reform Act (KERA). Problems in the process of KERA's changes; Requirements of the Kentucky Instructional Results Information System (KIRIS); Replacement of KIRIS in the 1998-1999 school year with the new Commonwealth Accountability and Testing System (CATS); KERA, KIRIS, and mathematics portfolios; KERA's impact on math instruction; Impact on students and teachers.