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Changes in values and attitudes underly the process through which westernization influences lifestyle changes that lead to increased frequency of diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in developing populations. [...]

Compensation Control Mechanisms in the American States There are few studies which report on the personnel practices in the American states. A survey of state compensation analysts in the Summer […]

Submarine cables need to overcome damages caused by corrosion, salt-water and stray voltage. The most notable source of stray currents is found to be electric trains. A cathodic protection system that does not have direct contact with the submarine cable may help prevent corrosion.

If your RV is like mine you have a ring full of keys for the various compartments, bike racks, tow bar, etc. It used to frustrate me to have to [...]

Objectives:The aim of this study was to examine the relationship of serum Mg with stage of diabetes measured by fasting serum glucose in a cohort of 485 African American and Hispanic adults.Methods:The cross sectional Rosetta study was designed to assess body composition in a multi-racial cohort of healthy adults living in New York City. The data utilized for the current analyses were collected during the years 1990 to 2000. Serum Mg and glucose were measured after a 10–12 hour fast. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was used to measure fat mass (FM) and fat free mass (FFM).Results:The mean age of the cohort was 53 ± 16 years. Hispanics had significantly lower (p< 0.05) mean serum Mg levels (0.82 ± 0.07 mmol/L vs. 0.85 ± 0.07 mmol/L) and FFM (48.8 ± 10.9 kg vs. 50.9 ± 10.3 kg) compared to African Americans. In both race/ethnic groups, individuals classified as having diabetes had significantly (p< 0.001) lower serum concentrations of Mg (0.80 ± 0.07 mmol/L) compared to the normal group (0.84 ± 0.07 mmol/L).Conclusions:These results show that in African American and Hispanic adults, those with diabetes have lower serum Mg levels compared to those classified as pre-diabetic or those with normal fasting glucose levels.

The article focuses on the importance of rests and their interpretation in piano playing. Examples are given to illustrate the versatility of rests and to demonstrate their structural and expressive functions in keyboard repertoire. The author notes that music students tend to ignore rests and tries to address this tendency. The tempo and character of a piece often suggests how quickly to release the note or chord that leads into the rest. Often rests separate large sections of compositions as in the finale of the Beethoven Sonata in C Minor, Op 10, #1.

A telephone survey was conducted of the methods used to control parasitic worms at 106 thoroughbred training yards. Most of the horses were allowed access to grass and were therefore at risk of infection. The control methods relied primarily on the use of anthelmintics and appeared reasonably successful because only 44 per cent of trainers reported observing clinical signs of nematode infections. They dosed their horses frequently, 40 per cent treating every four to six weeks and 25 per cent treating every seven to eight weeks. New arrivals on yards were usually treated with anthelmintic but the strategies used would be unlikely to prevent the introduction of anthelmintic‐resistant nematodes on most yards or to deal with encysted cyathostomes. Trainers were responsible for the design of most control schemes, and only 42 per cent of them based their choice of anthelmintic on veterinary advice.

When several diagnostic procedures are performed on a patient, the probability of his having or not having a specific ailment will change as the result of each procedure is known. This paper describes how such a change is readily calculated using Bayes’ theorem. Information theory is also used to find the increment in information from each successive test. Numerical estimates are made using data pertinent to lung x-ray examinations. Finally, some implications for diagnostic examinations in general are drawn.

Twenty-two spinal cord injured men (mean age 35.2 years) referred because of impotence were treated with intracavernosal vasoactive agents. Papaverine 2–20 mg, papaverine 40 mg plus phentolamine 0.5 mg or prostaglandin E1 (1–20 ug) were used. Nineteen responded and were taught to self administer the medication with varying degrees of assistance from their partners. Fourteen men participated in a postal survey; 12 (86%) continued to use the drugs every 1 to 4 weeks and reported satisfaction with the method. Partner responses were positive in half of the group and when not so it influenced the patients to abandon or reduce the frequency of treatment. Counselling was essential to allay anxiety. Clinical management was not compromised and side effects were minimal. Overall we found this treatment effective, safe and worthwhile.

We prove an equivariant form of Slodkowski's theorem that every holomorphic motion of a subset of the extended complex plane $ \hat{\mathbb{C}}$ . As a consequence we prove that every holomorphic map of the unit disc into Teichmüller space lifts to a holomorphic map into the space of Beltrami forms. We use this lifting theorem to study the Teichmüller metric.

Introduction/Objectives: Uncontrolled diabetes can lead to major health complications, and significantly contributes to diabetes-related morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Few studies have examined the relationship between unmet social needs and diabetes control among predominantly Black and Hispanic patient populations.Methods: In a large urban hospital system in the Bronx, NY, 5846 unique patients with diabetes seen at a primary care visit between April 2018 and December 2019 completed a social needs screener. Measures included diabetes control (categorized as Hemoglobin (Hb) A1c <9.0 as controlled and Hb A1C ≥9.0 as uncontrolled), social needs (10-item screen), and demographic covariates, including age, sex, race/ethnicity, insurance status, percentage of block-group poverty, patient’s preferred language, and the Elixhauser Comorbidity Index.Results: Twenty-two percent (22%) of the patient sample had at least 1 unmet social need, and the most prevalent unmet social needs were housing issues (including housing quality and insecurity), food insecurity, and lack of healthcare transportation. Logistic regression analysis showed a significant relationship between social needs and uncontrolled diabetes, with more social needs indicating a greater likelihood of uncontrolled diabetes (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) for ≥3 needs: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.26, 2.00). Of the patients with most frequently occurring unmet social needs, lack of healthcare transportation (AOR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.22, 1.95) and food insecurity (AOR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.19, 1.89) had the greatest likelihood of having uncontrolled diabetes, after adjusting for covariates.Conclusion: Unmet social needs appear to be linked to a greater likelihood of uncontrolled diabetes. Implications for healthcare systems to screen and address social needs for patients with diabetes are discussed.

Background:News reports and hate crime data suggest that anti-Hispanic/Latino immigrant sentiment was expressed by some sectors of the U.S. public during the 2016 Presidential campaign and election. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between this period and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors thought to be responsive to acute stress exposure among Hispanic/Latino adults in the US.Methods:Data were from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), a prospective cohort study of Hispanic/Latino adults living in the US. The analytic sample was limited to non-pregnant adults, 35 to 74 years old, who participated in Visit 1 (2008-2011) and Visit 2 (2014-2017). The exposed were defined as participants who completed Visit 2 in 2016 and the unexposed were defined as participants who completed Visit 2 in 2014 or 2015. Cardiovascular disease risk factors included elevated depressive symptoms (CESD-10 score: 10+), current smoking, and at-risk levels of alcohol consumption (women: 7+ drinks/week; men: 14+ drinks/week). Current alcohol use (i.e., any current alcohol use) was also examined as a potential stress-related outcome. Predicted marginal risk ratio models were used to estimate incident Visit 2 outcomes as a function of exposure to the year 2016 among individuals who did not have those outcomes at Visit 1. Models were adjusted for age and insurance status at Visit 1. A priori interactions with nativity status, duration of residence in the US, and Hispanic/Latino background group were examined.Results:No statistically significant association between 2016 exposure and elevated depressive symptoms was observed in the main model, but additive interaction by Hispanic/Latino background group was observed (p= 0.03) (Mexican and Central American background: RRadjusted: 1.28 (0.94, 1.76); Hispanics/Latinos of other background groups: RRadjusted: 0.85 (0.66, 1.09)). No association between 2016 exposure and incident smoking or incident at-risk alcohol consumption was observed and tests for interaction were not statistically significant. For incident current alcohol use, borderline trends in the main model suggested an association with the exposure (RRadjusted: 1.11 (0.99, 1.26)). Further, statistically significant additive interaction by nativity status was observed (Foreign-born: RRadjusted: 1.20 (1.06, 1.37); US/Puerto Rico-born: RRadjusted: 0.78 (0.55, 1.09)).Conclusions:Trends from study findings suggest an association between exposure to anti-Hispanic/Latino immigrant sentiment in 2016 and current alcohol use among foreign-born Hispanic/Latino adults. Given limitations of using time as a proxy for exposure to anti-Hispanic/Latino immigrant sentiment, future studies should explore more specific measurements of sentiment during this time and explore short and long-term effects of this sentiment.

A considerable amount of concern has been felt recently for the risk of carcinogenesis from x-rays to scoliosis patients. This paper re-evaluates risk in quantitative terms by using some data measured by us and other data recently published in the literature. The risks are considerably smaller than had been estimated earlier. Compared with the natural incidence of cancer in the general population, the cumulative additional risk for scoliosis patients varies from 0.2 for breast carcinoma to 5 for leukemia.

The article focuses on the efforts of businessman Sam Vauclain to promote economic prosperity and peace in various parts of the world by providing transportation loans.

[Read before the Section on Diseases of Children.]This is a soft, elastic, fluctuating tumor, generally painless, and situated upon one of the cranial bones. It takes place, it seems to me, with somewhat greater frequency than the literature of the subject would lead us to suppose. I have already seen six cases in twelve years' practice.It is stated by most writers, that in the great majority of cases, indeed in almost all, the tumors have been upon the right parietal bone, inasmuch as it is this bone that is exposed to the pressure of the rigid os uteri in the greatest number of deliveries. Contrary to the experience of other observers, five cases which I have seen have taken place upon the left parietal bone and one on the right. It has, in a few cases, been noticed upon both of the parietal bones, although this has not

To the Editor:—I believe that there are many physicians who would like to send their children to school in foreign countries for a year or two, but who hesitate on account of the great expense and the absence of parental care while the children are away. It seems to me that the home exchange plan offers a solution of the problem. Could not you, through The Journal, make arrangements with British, French and German journals by which a physician here would keep in school and be responsible for a foreign physician's boy or girl in exchange for the same care of his son or daughter in a foreign land? It seems to me that this plan has great possibilities.