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We discuss conceptual issues arising from base rate neglect in the Efficiency Gap (Stephanopoulos and McGhee, 2015), a popular measure of unfairness in partisan gerrymandering. A measure of vote dilution asymmetry that adjusts for the base rate mitigates these; however, because it prioritizes a potentially unachievable degree of proportionality, its naive application may be impractical or infeasible. A comparison of measures using enacted and simulated plans clarifies the frequency with which the base rate issue may yield erroneous inferences if unaddressed. We show that a generalized version of dilution asymmetry that differentially weights harms associated with partisan gerrymandering permits and may even necessitate departures from pure proportionality. We also show via simulation that maps that approximate proportionality, and thus minimize dilution asymmetry, are feasible more often than previously thought. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of China Pulp & Paper Industry is the property of China Pulp & Paper Industry Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

British Land, a real estate company, has purchased three retail parks in Oxfordshire, Wiltshire, and South Wales for £240 million. The acquisition was partly funded by the sale of the company's stake in Sheffield's Meadowhall shopping center. British Land's strategy is to sell shopping centers and focus on retail parks, which have been performing well in the retail sector. With these new acquisitions, British Land is now the largest owner and operator of UK retail parks. [Extracted from the article]

In the second procedure, a 1-mL class A transfer pipette is used to deliver 1 mL of the stock solution into a 10-mL class A volumetric flask that is filled to the mark with the dilution solvent. The true experimental uncertainty is larger, typically around two standard deviations, which would include approximately 95% of the results, or three standard deviations, which would include about 99.7% of expected results. In the first procedure, a 1-mL class A transfer pipette is used to deliver 1 mL of the stock solution into a 100-mL class A volumetric flask and the flask is filled to the mark with the dilution solvent. [Extracted from the article]

Media investor Edgar Bronfman Jr. has increased his offer to acquire CBS parent Paramount Global to $6 billion, potentially disrupting the company's planned merger with independent producer Skydance Media. Bronfman's proposal includes buying National Amusements Inc., the Redstone family holding company that controls Paramount, for approximately $2.4 billion, and using the remaining funds to purchase Paramount shares. Paramount has accepted an offer from Skydance but has extended the period to consider Bronfman's proposal until September 5. Bronfman's offer differs from Skydance's proposal in terms of valuation and the elimination of Paramount's dual-share class structure. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Montana explores how bacteria adapt to imbalances in nutrient availability. The study focused on the bacterium Pseudomonas putida KT2440 and examined its physiological responses to different dilution rates and limitations of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus. The researchers found that the bacterium adjusted its elemental composition, morphology, biomolecule pools, and gene expression in response to these conditions. The study sheds light on how microorganisms adapt to varying resource supply conditions and provides insights into the flow of energy and elements in ecosystems. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses the role of age and sex in the non-linear dilution adjustment of spot urine arsenic. The study examines the impacts of age and sex on corrective functions and evaluates the efficacy of the V-PFCRC method in compensating for urinary dilution. The results show that V-PFCRC effectively compensates for sex differences in urinary arsenic and reduces systemic dilution adjustment errors. The study suggests that age-related increases in total urinary arsenic should be accounted for by additional normalization methods. Overall, the V-PFCRC method improves the accuracy of urinary biomarker assessments in various demographic contexts. [Extracted from the article]

Investors in Donald Trump's media startup may experience a dilution of their stake after the company registered 38 million shares as part of a financing agreement with Yorkville Advisors. This registration initiates the potential dilution of existing shareholders, allowing Yorkville to purchase up to $2.5 billion of stock from the owner of Truth Social at a discounted price. The deal grants Yorkville a 2.75% discount on the market price over a one- or three-day period. Shares of Trump Media & Technology Group Corp. dropped 9.1% following the announcement. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Veterinary Medicine in Budapest, Hungary, examined the stability of eight different antibiotic stock solutions in culture media. The study found that neomycin, florfenicol, and potentiated sulfonamide maintained stability, while amoxicillin, oxytetracycline, and colistin experienced considerable degradation. The stability of cefotaxime and enrofloxacin varied depending on the solution type. The researchers concluded that these findings are important for minimum inhibitory concentration assessments and underscore the need for stability assessments in culture media to validate experimental outcomes. [Extracted from the article]

A preprint abstract from medrxiv.org discusses the importance of spot-urinary biomarkers in medical, epidemiological, and environmental research. The traditional method of creatinine correction (CCRC) has limitations and introduces errors due to residual diuresis dependence. To address this, the study introduces a novel numerical variable power functional creatinine correction method (V-PFCRC) that significantly reduces residual creatinine bias and enhances the accuracy and reliability of urinary biomarkers. The V-PFCRC method is easy to implement and holds potential for broader applications in various scientific and medical fields. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Shanghai, China, explores the development of a cryogen-free dilution refrigerator for superconducting quantum computing. The study highlights the challenges of achieving millikelvin temperatures necessary for quantum chips and proposes a cryogenic system composed of a Gifford-McMahon type pulse tube refrigerator, Joule-Thompson refrigerator, and dilution unit. The researchers have achieved a minimum deduced temperature of 0.76 K and are working towards reaching the final temperature of 5 mK. This research has been peer-reviewed and provides valuable insights into the advancement of superconducting quantum computing. [Extracted from the article]

Agilent Technologies has launched the Advanced Dilution System (ADS 2), an automation workflow solution designed to increase productivity and efficiency in laboratories. The ADS 2 integrates seamlessly with Agilent autosamplers, ICP-OES, and ICP-MS instruments and software, offering a fully integrated, single-supplier automated solution. The system was developed in collaboration with customers to address barriers to autodilution adoption and features unique flow path technology to optimize analysis speed for both diluted and undiluted samples. BD (Becton, Dickinson and Company) has released new cell sorters, the BD FACSDiscover S8 Cell Sorters, which incorporate real-time imaging and spectral flow cytometry technology. These cell sorters enable researchers in various fields to gain insights that were previously invisible in traditional flow cytometry experiments. The system allows researchers to obtain individual cell images, confirm complex biological and spatial insights in real time, and isolate desired cells based on visual characteristics. Takara Bio USA has launched the Shasta Single-Cell System, an automated, high-throughput next-generation sequencing (NGS) solution for oncology biomarker discovery. This system allows researchers to mine more genomic and transcriptomic information from a larger number of cells compared to current technologies, while saving time and costs. The Shasta system increases whole-genome amplification throughput to 1,500 cells per run and detects more RNA biotypes with high sensitivity at high throughput, up to 100,000 cells per run. [Extracted from the article]

Nigerian banking stocks have experienced a significant decline in value since the Central Bank of Nigeria announced new minimum capital requirements. The NGX Banking 10 Index, which tracks the country's largest lenders, has dropped 26% this month, marking its largest monthly decline in a decade. The central bank's decision to increase the minimum capital threshold has led to concerns about dilution of existing shares and has prompted investors to reallocate their investments to fixed income or other sectors. Banks in Nigeria will need to raise at least 2.82 trillion naira ($2 billion) over the next two years to meet the new requirements. Some banks have already announced plans to raise capital through equity and debt offerings. As a result of these developments, Access Holdings Plc, the largest bank by assets, has seen a 35% decrease in value, while Zenith Bank Plc, the largest lender by market value, has experienced a 17% decline. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Goethe-University Frankfurt in Germany has explored a self-administered method for assessing an individual's sense of smell. The study involved a cohort of 68 patients with olfactory loss and 55 controls, who were assessed using an olfactory sorting test. The test involved sorting two odorants in five dilutions according to odor intensity, with a mean application time of 3.5 minutes. The results showed that the test had a balanced accuracy of 89% for detecting anosmia, making it a practical and user-friendly alternative for screening olfactory disorders. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Wake Forest University discusses the persistence of "latent" HIV in viral reservoirs despite undetectable virus levels in people living with HIV who are on antiretroviral therapy. The study introduces a new variation of the quantitative viral outgrowth assay (QVOA) called the ultra deep sequencing assay of the outgrowth virus (UDSA), which quantifies the number of viral lineages within infected wells. The research proposes statistical methods to estimate the infectious units per million (IUPM) of HIV-persistent resting CD4+ T cells using combined dilution assays and deep viral sequencing data. The findings are evaluated through a simulation study and applied to data from the University of North Carolina HIV Cure Center. The study's methods are implemented in the open-source R package SLDeepAssay. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Tsinghua University in Beijing, China discusses research on controlling the spread of respiratory infections in healthcare settings to prevent nosocomial infections. The study used computational fluid dynamics simulation, real-time carbon dioxide monitoring, microorganism culturing, and microorganism sequencing to assess the effectiveness of ventilation systems in reducing the risk of nosocomial infection. The findings showed conflicting results, with some techniques indicating a reduction in exposure risk and others indicating an increase. The researchers concluded that more understanding is needed in order to improve infection control in healthcare settings. [Extracted from the article]

The article offers information on rapid analysis of several major and minor cannabinoids in hemp using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with a single sample dilution and injection. It mentions that rapid LC-MS/MS method has been developed for the quantitative analysis of 16 cannabinoids in hemp samples with a single dilution protocol.

A recent study conducted by researchers at the Saveetha School of Engineering in Chennai, India, focused on the use of chitosan nanocarriers for bioremediation and antimicrobial applications. The researchers investigated the impact of different dilution factors of Cornus circinata, a type of encapsulated material, on its antimicrobial activity and dye degradation capabilities. The study found that chitosan nanocarriers with specific dilution factors showed good entrapment and potential for therapeutic applications. Further research will explore these potential applications. The study has been peer-reviewed and published in Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Wroclaw Medical University have conducted a study on acute heart failure (AHF) and the correlation between spot urine sodium concentrations (UNa+) and urine dilution. The study involved 50 AHF patients who received a standardized furosemide dose. The results showed that higher UNa+ levels were associated with higher urine dilution, and patients who were not chronically exposed to furosemide had a greater ability to dilute urine compared to chronic furosemide users. This research provides mechanistic insights into the decongestive abilities in AHF and highlights the importance of assessing sodium concentration and urine volume in the treatment of heart failure. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at New York University (NYU) provides new insights into poliosis, hair pigment dilution, and premature graying of the hair in pediatric patients. Poliosis is characterized by the absence of melanin in hair, and it can occur at any age but is often seen in childhood in certain genetic and acquired conditions. The study aims to provide a diagnostic approach for pediatric dermatologists when faced with these hair findings, as poliosis can be a potential diagnostic feature or initial sign in many syndromes. Early diagnosis is crucial for establishing multidisciplinary care, as many of these conditions have extracutaneous manifestations. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Alberta explores the use of the D3-creatine (D3-Cr) dilution method for estimating total-body skeletal muscle mass in older adults. The study found that D3-Cr-estimated muscle mass is associated with various clinical outcomes, including mortality, mobility disability, falls and fractures, physical performance, and muscle composition. However, there were conflicting findings for some of these associations. The study also compared D3-Cr with other body composition techniques and found a strong correlation with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), although there were variations in muscle measurements. Overall, D3-Cr may be a valuable predictor of clinical outcomes, but caution should be exercised due to potential under- or overestimation. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from researchers at Illinois State University discusses the potential benefits of diluting blood plasma to restore the health of organs and tissues in the body. The researchers propose using dynamical systems models to determine the optimal level and frequency of plasma dilution, as well as any additional plasma infusions. While more data is needed to fully validate these models, they show promise in predicting the outcomes of plasma dilution experiments and interpreting their results. This research provides valuable insights into the potential applications of plasma dilution in improving overall health. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Kyushu University in Fukuoka, Japan, explored the impact of dilution rates and transition modes on organic acid productivity and bacterial community structure in continuous meta-fermentation using complex microorganisms. The study found that the number of bacterial species decreased with increasing dilution rates in the constant mode, while the up and down modes maintained high and low values, respectively. The researchers also proposed a new parameter called species-specific productivity (SSP) to estimate the contribution of specific bacteria to organic acid productivity. The study concluded that dilution rates and transition modes are significant factors in establishing a highly productive process in continuous meta-fermentation. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Quebec in Canada has found that a dynamized ultra-low dilution of Ruta graveolens, a plant commonly known as rue, has the potential to inhibit the migration of melanoma cancer cells. The study suggests that this dilution disrupts the organization of the plasma membrane, leading to changes in cell and membrane stiffness, as well as alterations in the actin cytoskeleton and lipid composition of the plasma membrane. These findings indicate that Ruta graveolens could be used as a complementary medicine in oncology to support current therapies for melanoma. [Extracted from the article]

• A chemostat model with single-species growth on two nutrients under telegraph noise is studied. • We obtain the threshold between extinction and persistence in the mean of the microorganism. • In the case of persistence, sufficient conditions for the existence of positive recurrence are investigated. • The results show the threshold is not only related to the value of dilution rate, but also depends on the probability distribution of the Markov chain. In this paper, we investigate the dynamics of a chemostat model with single-species growth on two nutrients, which is disturbed by the telegraph noise. Switching between different environmental states is achieved by Markov chain. Firstly, we prove the existence and uniqueness of the positive solution. Then the threshold between extinction and persistence in the mean of the microorganism is obtained. Moreover, in the case of persistence, we establish sufficient conditions for the existence of positive recurrence. Finally, some simulations are carried out to demonstrate our theoretical results. Our main effort is to build the suitable Lyapunov functions with regime switching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Provides information on the experimental procedures devised by physicists which are capable of lowering the temperature range accessible for research to within millidegrees of absolute zero. Explanation of the helium-3/helium-4 dilution process; Development of the Pomeranchuk method; Information on nuclear cooling; Principle and operation of the dilution refrigerator.

Keywords: Maastricht; Netherlands; Europe; Investigative Radiology; Angiology; Contrast Media; Health and Medicine EN Maastricht Netherlands Europe Investigative Radiology Angiology Contrast Media Health and Medicine 6085 6085 1 11/06/23 20231110 NES 231110 2023 NOV 10 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Health & Medicine Week -- Data detailed on Health and Medicine - Investigative Radiology have been presented. Maastricht, Netherlands, Europe, Investigative Radiology, Angiology, Contrast Media, Health and Medicine Keywords for this news article include: Maastricht, Netherlands, Europe, Investigative Radiology, Angiology, Contrast Media, Health and Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Beijing; People's Republic of China; Asia; Cancer Research; Cancer; Health and Medicine; Oncology; Risk and Prevention EN Beijing People's Republic of China Asia Cancer Research Cancer Health and Medicine Oncology Risk and Prevention 672 672 1 10/30/23 20231031 NES 231031 2023 OCT 31 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Cancer Weekly -- Investigators publish new report on Cancer Research. The dry deposition of particle-bound PAHs dominates the accumulation of PAHs in soil and their further fate in soil is governed by sorption/desorption from these airborne particles.". [Extracted from the article]

This compound is non-pigmented and free from chlorine and sulfur, making it environmentally friendly. It is a cutting-edge drawing compound approved by OEMs for Body-in-White applications. [Extracted from the article]

According to the news reporters, the research concluded: "It can be concluded that the copper chloride crystallization test is reliable for determining the similimum for patients." Keywords: Tamil Nadu; India; Asia; Anions; Chlorides; Complementary and Alternative Medicine; Health and Medicine; Homeopathy; Hydrochloric Acid; Spiritual Therapy EN Tamil Nadu India Asia Anions Chlorides Complementary and Alternative Medicine Health and Medicine Homeopathy Hydrochloric Acid Spiritual Therapy 727 727 1 09/11/23 20230911 NES 230911 2023 SEP 15 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Medical Imaging Week -- New research on Complementary and Alternative Medicine - Homeopathy is the subject of a report. [Extracted from the article]

(Bloomberg) -- AMC Entertainment Holdings Inc. extended its week-long selloff after the movie theater operator converted a raft of preferred shares into common stock, and strategists say the company will likely sell more shares to pay down debt. The potential for more equity sales has contributed to AMC shares declining this week, said Chris Colpitts, a strategist for event-driven situations at TD Cowen. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Epidemiology; Health and Medicine EN Epidemiology Health and Medicine 7782 7782 1 07/03/23 20230707 NES 230707 2023 JUL 7 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Health & Medicine Week -- New study results on epidemiology have been published. According to news originating from Bristol, United Kingdom, by NewsRx editors, the research stated, "Measurement error in exposures and confounders can bias exposure-outcome associations but is rarely considered. We aimed to assess random measurement error of all continuous variables in UK Biobank and explore approaches to mitigate its impact on exposure-outcome associations.". [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Kalamazoo; State:Michigan; United States; North and Central America; Abscess; Appendectomy; Appendicitis; Bacterial Infections and Mycoses; Cecal Diseases and Conditions; Digestive System Diseases and Conditions; Digestive System Surgical Procedures; Gastroenteritis; Gastrointestinal Diseases and Conditions; Health and Medicine; Suppuration; Surgery EN Kalamazoo State:Michigan United States North and Central America Abscess Appendectomy Appendicitis Bacterial Infections and Mycoses Cecal Diseases and Conditions Digestive System Diseases and Conditions Digestive System Surgical Procedures Gastroenteritis Gastrointestinal Diseases and Conditions Health and Medicine Suppuration Surgery 213 213 1 06/19/23 20230625 NES 230625 2023 JUN 19 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Medical Devices & Surgical Technology Week -- Current study results on Digestive System Diseases and Conditions - Appendicitis have been published. We hypothesized that withholding irrigation during pediatric Single Incision Laparoscopic Surgery (SILS) appendectomies for perforated appendicitis would decrease postoperative abscess rate. [Extracted from the article]

An unstructured model for the growth of yeast cell on glucose due to growth inhibitions by substrate, products, and cell density is discussed. The proposed model describes the dynamical behavior of fermentation system that shows multiple steady states for a certain regime of operating parameters such as inlet glucose and dilution rate. Two types of steady state solutions are found, namely washout and non-washout solutions. Furthermore, different numerical impositions to the two parameters put in evidence three results regarding non-washout solution: a unique locally stable non-washout solution, a unique locally stable non-washout solution towards which other nearby solutions exhibit damped oscillations, and multiple non-washout solutions where one is locally stable while the other is unstable. It is also found an optimal inlet glucose which produces the highest cell and ethanol concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While parasites serve as prey, it is unclear how the spatial distribution of parasite predators provides transmission control and influences patterns of parasitism. Because many of its organisms are sessile, the rocky intertidal zone is a valuable but little used system to understand spatial patterns of parasitism and elucidate the underlying mechanisms driving these patterns. Sea anemones and barnacles are important space competitors in the rocky intertidal zone along the Pacific coast of North America. Anemones are voracious, indiscriminate predators; thus, they may intercept infectious stages of parasites before they reach a host. We investigate whether a sea anemone protects an associated barnacle from parasitism by Hemioniscus balani, an isopod parasitic castrator. At Coal Oil Point, Santa Barbara, California USA, 29% of barnacles were within 1 cm from an anemone at the surveyed tidal height. Barnacles associated with anemones had reduced parasite prevalence and higher reproductive productivity than those remote from sea anemones. In the laboratory, anemones readily consumed the transmission stage of the parasite. Hence, anemone consumption of parasite transmission stages may provide a mechanism by which community context regulates parasite prevalence at a local scale. Our results suggest predation may be an important process providing parasite transmission control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(Bloomberg) -- Shares of Indian billionaire Gautam Adani's group declined on Monday after boards of two firms approved proposals to raise as much as $2.6 billion, with market watchers flagging concerns about potential equity dilution. India's markets regulator is looking into any possible violations as well as unusual market activity in Adani group stocks in the wake of the short-seller attack. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Epidemiology; Health and Medicine EN Epidemiology Health and Medicine 5346 5346 1 05/08/23 20230512 NES 230512 2023 MAY 12 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Health & Medicine Week -- New study results on epidemiology have been published. We obtained that increasing predation increases the disease transmission potential of the predator and the density of infected individuals, but decreases the disease transmission potential of the prey, as well as their density. [Extracted from the article]