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Keywords: Ribeirao Preto; Brazil; South America; Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation; Drugs and Therapies; Health and Medicine; Mathematics; Therapy EN Ribeirao Preto Brazil South America Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation Drugs and Therapies Health and Medicine Mathematics Therapy 1316 1316 1 06/05/23 20230609 NES 230609 2023 JUN 9 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Immunotherapy Weekly -- Investigators discuss new findings in Mathematics - Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation. Ribeirao Preto, Brazil, South America, Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation, Drugs and Therapies, Health and Medicine, Mathematics, Therapy Keywords for this news article include: Ribeirao Preto, Brazil, South America, Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation, Drugs and Therapies, Health and Medicine, Mathematics, Therapy, University of Sao Paulo. [Extracted from the article]

A review paper from the Department of Chemical Engineering in Lar, Iran, discusses the current state of modeling the transport and margination of micro-/nanoparticles in blood vessels for targeted drug delivery. The review examines single-particle and multi-particle models, considering factors such as geometry, particle properties, blood flow, and mathematical modeling approach. The findings of this review can provide insights for researchers working on more effective drug delivery strategies. The research was supported by the University of Larestan, Isfahan University of Technology, and Shiraz University. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences; Cybersecurity; Health and Medicine; Mathematics; Public Health EN Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences Cybersecurity Health and Medicine Mathematics Public Health 1213 1213 1 06/19/23 20230623 NES 230623 2023 JUN 23 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Health & Medicine Week -- Research findings on applied mathematics and nonlinear sciences are discussed in a new report. Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences, Cybersecurity, Health and Medicine, Mathematics, Public Health. [Extracted from the article]

Multivariate mathematical morphology (MMM) aims to extend the mathematical morphology from gray scale images to images whose pixels are high-dimensional vectors, such as remote sensing hyperspectral images and functional magnetic resonance images (fMRIs). Defining an ordering over the multidimensional image data space is a fundamental issue MMM, to ensure that ensuing morphological operators and filters are mathematically consistent. Recent approaches use the outputs of two-class classifiers to build such reduced orderings. This paper presents the applications of MMM built on reduced supervised orderings based on lattice autoassociative memories (LAAMs) recall error measured by the Chebyshev distance. Foreground supervised orderings use one set of training data from a foreground class, whereas background/foreground supervised orderings use two training data sets, one for each relevant class. The first case study refers to the realization of the thematic segmentation of the hyperspectral images using spatial–spectral information. Spectral classification is enhanced by a spatial processing consisting in the spatial correction guided by a watershed segmentation computed by the LAAM-based morphological operators. The approach improves the state-of-the-art hyperspectral spatial–spectral thematic map building approaches. The second case study is the analysis of resting state fMRI data, working on a data set of healthy controls, schizophrenia patients with and without auditory hallucinations. We perform two experiments: 1) the localization of differences in brain functional networks on population-dependent templates and 2) the classification of subjects into each possible pair of cases. In this data set, we find that the LAAM-based morphological features improve over the conventional correlation-based graph measure features often employed in fMRI data classification. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is simplification of some mathematical theories for the needs of school education. Design/methodology/approach – This work is a result of long-lasting regular observations of extra-curriculum classes with primary school pupils. This research is based on some maxima given in a paper written by Zvonkin. Findings – This work gives examples of simplified math models that satisfy the claimed concept, accompanied with the set of problems attainable for primary school pupils. Originality/value – This work represents a set of criteria, with the guidance of which, any mathematician would be capable of creating a set of problems that would lead the pupils into the area of his research not as observers, but as participants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A preprint abstract from biorxiv.org discusses the replication-mutation dynamics in coronaviruses. The paper focuses on the unique characteristics of coronaviruses, such as their high mutation rates and the presence of an enzyme called exoribonuclease (ExoN) that corrects errors in replication. The study analyzes different virus replication modes and their impact on virus populations, including extinction, mutant-only, and quasispecies steady states. Additionally, the effects of antiviral treatment with replication inhibitors and mutagenic drugs are modeled. It is important to note that this preprint has not yet undergone peer review. [Extracted from the article]

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to carry out a theoretical study of the stability of the mathematical models defined in a class of systems. Furthermore, it will be supposed that the models have been obtained from experimental data and by means of the application of a methodology. The studies carried out in this paper are, on one hand, the theoretical framework for an analysis of the sensitivity and stability of a type of systems; on the other hand, they supplement the studies carried out by the authors, in which, using a computational program, the sensitivity of the mathematical models is analyzed with respect to a type of perturbation. Design/methodology/approach - Initially, a class of systems is considered that are denominated quantifiable systems, in which model systems are defined that are determined by a set and a family of relationships. An initial study of the sensitivity of the mathematical models to perturbations in the experimental data lead to a concept of sensitive and stable models that forms the basis of the theory of stability developed in this paper. Furthermore, this permits a definition of the stability function for the set of the perturbations and, consequently, a determination of stable models according to the defined theoretical structure. Findings - An analysis of the sensitivity and stability of mathematical models in quantifiable systems from a systems theory perspective will be fundamental for the determination of mathematical model stability in environmental systems. Originality/value - The studies carried out in this paper supposes an advance in the study and modeling of a type of systems that the authors have denominated as quantifiable systems, applicable to the study of environmental systems and supplementing the numeric studies carried out by the authors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses a simple mathematical model and physical device that can estimate the probability of a woman receiving skilled birth assistance and the potential benefits of staying in a maternity waiting home. The model takes into account factors such as parity and anticipated time to access skilled care. The tool is intended to facilitate informed discussions and decision-making during antenatal consultations. It is important to note that this research has not yet undergone peer review. [Extracted from the article]

A preprint abstract from biorxiv.org discusses a mathematical model for pancreatic cancer during intraepithelial neoplasia. The model focuses on the low-grade dysplasia (PanIN 1) and moderate dysplasia (PanIN 2) stages of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. It analyzes the cellular microenvironment through elastic cell interactions and intercellular communication mechanisms, such as growth factors and cytokines. The study suggests that the oncogene RAS may be an important target for developing anti-inflammatory strategies to limit the emergence of more aggressive adenocarcinomas. However, it is important to note that this preprint has not been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

Abstract In this paper we continue our study of the shape parameter c contained in the famous multiquadrics (− 1) ⌈ β ⌉ (c 2 + ∥ x ∥ 2) β , β > 0 , and the inverse multiquadrics (c 2 + ∥ x ∥ 2) β , β < 0. The theoretical ground is akin to our previous papers. However, we remove some unnecessary restrictions, making it much more accessible and useful, especially for nonmathematicians [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus; Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions; Endocrinology; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Health and Medicine; Mathematics; Metabolic Diseases and Conditions; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions; Public Health EN Diabetes Mellitus Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions Endocrinology Glucose Metabolism Disorders Health and Medicine Mathematics Metabolic Diseases and Conditions Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions Public Health 2023 FEB 6 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Diabetes Week -- New research on diabetes mellitus is the subject of a new report. Diabetes Mellitus, Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions, Endocrinology, Glucose Metabolism Disorders, Health and Medicine, Mathematics, Metabolic Diseases and Conditions, Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions, Public Health. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from the University of Paris Saclay explores the use of identifiability analysis in the field of animal science. Identifiability analysis is a mathematical tool that helps determine if unique values of model parameters can be recovered from experimental data. The researchers propose adopting an upstream approach, integrating identifiability analysis before data collection, to improve the accuracy and robustness of predictive models. They emphasize the availability of freely accessible software tools that make identifiability analysis more accessible to practitioners in the field. The study concludes that the modeling community in animal science can easily incorporate identifiability analysis into their model development process. [Extracted from the article]

In this paper, the starting conditions of GM model group are studied. By choosing the nth component of X(1) as the starting conditions of the grey differential model, improvements are made on the models. As the new information is fully used, the accuracy of prediction is improved greatly. Therefore, it has high theoretical and practical value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper generalises the GM(1,1) direct modeling method with a step by step majorizing grey derivative's whiten values to unequal time interval sequence modeling, and proves that the new method still has linear transformation consistency of the old method. The example indicates that the new method still has gradual approaching white exponential law coincidence property. With this new method, we then model the high precision soft foundation settlement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to solve the problem that previous relation researches in operational task-resource matching are hard to flexible computing for generating a new matching scheme from the existing scheme under the condition of operational tasks or resources adjusted in uncertainty cases, role-based approaches to operational task-resource flexible matching model and algorithm are proposed in the paper for flexible matching operational tasks with resources. Firstly, through introducing the concept of roles, the role-based calculation framework of operational task-resource flexible matching is constructed. Secondly, two aspect indexes about resource utilization ratio (RUR) and time utilization ratio (TUR) are given to reflect operational task-resource matching quality (TRMQ), which can be regarded as the objective function for modeling role-based operational task-resource flexible matching mathematical formulation. On the basis of this, the role-based artificial bee colony (RABC) algorithm, including five specific calculating operators, is put forward for solving the flexible matching problem with double encoding on operational tasks and resources by roles. Finally, via comparing with the previous methods in application cases, it can be validated that role-based model and proposed algorithm are more effective, which can be used to obtain a new incremental scheme from the existing matching scheme for adopting the operational tasks or resources adjustment. Moreover, there are flexible computation advantages of the approaches proposed in this paper to solve the problem about operational task-resource matching in large-scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Architecture in Sofia, Bulgaria, has developed a mathematical model to describe the development of autoimmune disorders. The model is a nonlinear system of differential equations that takes into account the biological activity of interacting populations and the main characteristics of autoimmune diseases. The researchers discretized and solved the modeling problem approximately, and the numerical results provided insights into typical outcomes of autoimmune diseases. This research contributes to the understanding of autoimmunity and its implications for health and medicine. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Cancer; Cancer Therapy; Drugs and Therapies; Health and Medicine; Lung Cancer; Lung Diseases and Conditions; Lung Neoplasms; Mathematics; Oncology EN Cancer Cancer Therapy Drugs and Therapies Health and Medicine Lung Cancer Lung Diseases and Conditions Lung Neoplasms Mathematics Oncology 422 422 1 10/30/23 20231103 NES 231103 2023 OCT 31 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Drug Week -- Data detailed on lung cancer have been presented. Cancer, Cancer Therapy, Drugs and Therapies, Health and Medicine, Lung Cancer, Lung Diseases and Conditions, Lung Neoplasms, Mathematics, Oncology. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Baguio; Philippines; Asia; Antibacterials; Antibiotics; Antimicrobials; Drugs and Therapies; Health and Medicine; Hospitals; Mathematics EN Baguio Philippines Asia Antibacterials Antibiotics Antimicrobials Drugs and Therapies Health and Medicine Hospitals Mathematics 1699 1699 1 07/03/23 20230707 NES 230707 2023 JUL 7 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Drug Week -- New research on Drugs and Therapies - Antibiotics is the subject of a report. Keywords for this news article include: Baguio, Philippines, Asia, Antibacterials, Antibiotics, Antimicrobials, Drugs and Therapies, Health and Medicine, Hospitals, Mathematics, University of the Philippines Baguio. [Extracted from the article]

Applied Sciences, Health and Medicine, Mathematics, Orthodontics, Science Keywords: Applied Sciences; Health and Medicine; Mathematics; Orthodontics; Science EN Applied Sciences Health and Medicine Mathematics Orthodontics Science 1853 1853 1 05/29/23 20230602 NES 230602 2023 JUN 2 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Health & Medicine Week -- Investigators publish new report on applied sciences. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Apoptosis; Cellular Physiology; Health and Medicine; Mathematics EN Apoptosis Cellular Physiology Health and Medicine Mathematics 4815 4815 1 05/29/23 20230602 NES 230602 2023 JUN 2 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Health & Medicine Week -- Investigators discuss new findings in apoptosis. Keywords for this news article include: University of Oxford, Apoptosis, Mathematics, Cellular Physiology, Health and Medicine. [Extracted from the article]

A novel electrical circuit spiking neuron model that has a piece-wise-constant vector field with a state-dependent reset is presented. It is shown that the model exhibits six kinds of border-collision bifurcations, where their bifurcation sets are derived and are summarized into two parameter diagrams. Then, using the diagrams, systematic synthesis procedures of the presented model so that it can reproduce four kinds of bifurcation scenarios that are typically observed in standard neuron models are presented. It is shown that the model can reproduce the bifurcation scenarios as well as corresponding nonlinear response characteristics observed in model and biological neurons. Occurrences of typical neuron-like bifurcations are confirmed by experimental measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Over the past decade, the consensus of multiagent systems has received an increasing attention in various fields, such as mathematics, physics, biology, and engineering sciences. There are numerous results reported on the consensus of multiagent systems. Now it is necessary to review the recent advances in consensus of multiagent systems. This paper firstly reviews the main mathematical models of inultiagent systems, including Boids model, Vicsek model, and Couzin-Leviri model. Moreover, this paper reviews the main advances in the consensus of multiagent systems, including the linear local updating rules, nonlinear local updating rules, and leader and asymmetric matrix cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the product with long storage and one-time application, this paper establishes the mathematical model of storage reliability and mathematical model system storage reliability. According to the reliability test data of every part (subsystem) of the product, it evaluates the system reliability of the product and reliable storage life, and lower limit of system storage reliability and lower limit of reliable storage life on the credible level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The system with partial unknown structure, parameters and characteristics is called a grey system. Grey system theory is a newly developed theory to deal with the problem of uncertainties in the case with "poor" information and has widely been used in many fields. The grey prediction SCGM(1,1) model has been used widely. In this paper, the characteristics of SCGM(1,1) model are systematically studied. Some new existing forms of SCGM(1,1) are derived including exponential form, α, β parameter form, scale form and recursive form. The parameter range suitable for SCGM(1,1) modeling has been studied based on strict proof. The prohibited area and the area not suitable or suitable for modeling of SCGM(1,1) model are divided clearly according to the developing coefficient a. Then, the discrete form of developing coefficient a is given. Based on the discrete form of developing coefficient a, a new grey modeling method avoiding complex matrix calculation is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the organism model for knowledge-based enterprise is proposed. A dynamic capacity grey set is defined and analyzed based on the definition of the growth and development for knowledge-based enterprise organism. The structure of the capacity whiten core, a subset of the capacity grey set, is optimized for different periods of the organism's life cycle. The organism grey topological structure model of knowledge-based enterprise is described to possess the essential capacity grey set. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Binary multinomial processing tree (MPT) models parameterize the multinomial distribution over a set of J categories, such that each of its parameters, θ1,θ2,…,θS, is functionally independent and free to vary in the interval [0,1]. This paper analyzes binary MPT models subject to parametric order-constraints of the form 0⩽θs⩽θt⩽1. Such constraints arise naturally in multi-trial learning and memory paradigms, where some parameters representing cognitive processes would naturally be expected to be non-decreasing over learning trials or non-increasing over forgetting trials. The paper considers the case of one or more, non-overlapping linear orders of parametric constraints. Several ways to reparameterize the model to reflect the constraints are presented, and for each it is shown how to construct a new binary MPT that has the same number of parameters and is statistically equivalent to the original model with the order constraints. The results both extend the mathematical analysis of the MPT class as well as offering an approach to order restricted inference at the level of the entire class. An empirical example of this approach is provided. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Handling uncertain knowledge is crucial for modeling many real world domains. Ontologies and ontology-based data access (OBDA) have proven to be versatile methods to capture this knowledge. Multiple systems for OBDA have been developed and there is theoretical work towards probabilistic OBDA, namely identifying efficiently processable queries. These queries are called safe queries. However, there is no analysis on the safeness of probabilistic queries in real-world applications, and there exists no tool support for applying the existing formalisms to the standard query language of SPARQL. In this paper we investigate queries collected from several public SPARQL endpoints and determine the distribution of safe and unsafe queries. This analysis shows that many queries in practice are safe, making probabilistic OBDA feasible and practical to fulfill real-world users' information needs. Furthermore, we design and conduct benchmarks on real-world and generated data sets which show that the approach of answering safe queries in the appropriate way is scalable to large amounts of data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This note is a discussion commenting on the paper by Ly et al. on “Harold Jeffreys’s Default Bayes Factor Hypothesis Tests: Explanation, Extension, and Application in Psychology” and on the perceived shortcomings of the classical Bayesian approach to testing, while reporting on an alternative approach advanced by Kamary et al. (2014) as a solution to this quintessential inference problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study conducted by investigators at the Rochester Institute for Technology explores the relationship between obesity and type 2 diabetes. The researchers argue that current models of obesity-induced type 2 diabetes do not accurately account for the transport of glucose between the blood and the liver. To address this, they develop a mathematical model that includes this mechanism and use it to evaluate the effectiveness of an anti-diabetic weight reducing drug. The research has been peer-reviewed and provides valuable insights into the understanding and treatment of type 2 diabetes. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Middle Tennessee State University have developed a mathematical model to study the growth of solid tumors. The model focuses on the role of the stroma, the interface between healthy and cancerous tissue, in cancer invasion. By using ordinary differential equations, the researchers investigate how the coordinated expansion of the tumor growth region and core can impact overall tumor growth dynamics. The model's assumptions are evaluated through comparison to tumor volume data and existing models. This research has been peer-reviewed and provides valuable insights into tumor growth. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Cairo University in Egypt has developed a mathematical model to better understand monkeypox disease. The model incorporates variable-order and fractional differential equations, as well as stochastic fractional derivatives, to create a crossover model with time delay. The researchers discuss the stability and positivity of the solutions and propose two numerical methods to study the behavior of the model. The study utilizes fresh data simulation techniques and different solution methodologies, and the results are supported by numerous numerical experiments. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Shanghai Jiao Tong University in China has developed a mathematical model for predicting crystallization fouling in narrow rectangle channels. Crystallization fouling is a concern for heat transfer systems, and accurately simulating fouling formation is important for predicting fouling resistance and improving energy efficiency. The model combines lattice Boltzmann and finite difference methods to predict fluid flow, heat transfer, concentration diffusion, and crystallization fouling. The researchers verified the model using analytical solutions, fouling models, and experimental data, and found that it effectively predicts crystallization fouling and can simulate non-uniform fouling growth. This research provides valuable insights for understanding and mitigating crystallization fouling. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Sardar Patel University in India has developed a mathematical model to study viral hepatitis in Afghanistan. The model takes into account various parameters and estimates the values based on available data. The researchers found that the infection rates of acute and chronic states of viral hepatitis are the most sensitive and critical parameters. The study concludes that without prevention measures, the entire population of Afghanistan could become infected, highlighting the importance of implementing preventive strategies. [Extracted from the article]

New research from Quaid-i-Azam University in Islamabad, Pakistan focuses on the mathematical modeling of arterial blood flow to understand cardiovascular health and disease. The study examines the representation of arterial geometry and finds numerical solutions for different degrees of stenosis. The research concludes that as the severity of stenosis increases, blood velocity, pressure drop, and shear stresses on the artery walls also increase. This study provides valuable insights into cardiovascular dynamics and could contribute to advancements in the field of engineering. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report discusses research conducted by Ramkhamhaeng University on monkeypox. The researchers developed a mathematical model to study the transmission of the monkeypox virus among human and rodent populations. The model utilized fractal-fractional operators and was supported by numerical simulations. The research aimed to understand the behavior of the virus and displayed graphic simulations using real data. For more information, readers can refer to the journal article published in AIMS Mathematics. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Khalifa University in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, focused on modeling the relationship between diabetes and its associated complications in the country. The study found that approximately one out of eight people in the UAE are estimated to have diabetes. By using a system of fractional differential equations, the researchers were able to estimate the size of the diabetic population with and without complications. The study also provided numerical approximations of the future size of the diabetic population, which can be used by the government to implement necessary preventative measures. This research has been peer-reviewed and published in Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Xuzhou University of Technology in China discusses the use of mathematical models to predict the impact of regional return to work after an epidemic. The researchers propose a multistage mixed integer programming model for humanitarian logistics and transport resources, specifically focusing on the distribution and delivery of medicine resources in a cost-effective and efficient manner. The proposed model is solved using a Benders decomposition algorithm, and two case studies are used to validate the model and algorithm. The research concludes that the model and algorithm are effective in solving the dynamic medicine demand information in humanitarian relief situations. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Arizona State University explores the dynamics of the opioid crisis in the United States. The study utilizes a mathematical model to analyze illicit opioid use disorder (IOUD), initiation, casual use, treatment, relapse, recovery, and opioid overdose deaths. The findings suggest that increasing the availability of treatment facilities is crucial in addressing the crisis. Additionally, the study highlights the importance of considering the influence of casual users in driving the all-illicit opioid epidemic. The results of this research may inform health and policy officials in developing more effective treatment options and prevention efforts. [Extracted from the article]