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A researcher from Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University has published new studies and findings on the role of selenium in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes are global epidemics that have serious health implications. The research highlights the association between insulin resistance and various disorders, including type 2 diabetes, and emphasizes the importance of micronutrients like selenium in antioxidant defense and glucose metabolism processes. The paper provides an analysis of current data on the impact of selenium on the risk of type 2 diabetes. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by the Faculty of Health has found that intermittent fasting can improve insulin resistance in healthy obese adults. Insulin resistance is a metabolic disorder commonly associated with obesity and can lead to chronic noncommunicable diseases and increased mortality. The study reviewed nine randomized controlled trials and found that intermittent fasting reduced insulin levels and increased insulin sensitivity, ultimately improving insulin resistance. This research suggests that intermittent fasting may be beneficial for managing obesity and its associated metabolic disorders. [Extracted from the article]

A study from Rutgers Health suggests that stress hormones, rather than impaired cellular insulin signaling, may be the primary driver of obesity-related diabetes. The research indicates that overeating and obesity increase the body's sympathetic nervous system, leading to the production of stress hormones that counteract insulin's effects. This new understanding may help explain why some obese individuals develop diabetes while others do not, and why stress can worsen diabetes even with minimal weight gain. The findings may pave the way for new therapeutic approaches focused on reducing stress hormones to tackle insulin resistance, diabetes, and metabolic disease. [Extracted from the article]

A pilot study conducted by researchers at Stanford Medicine has found that a ketogenic diet can improve the metabolic health and psychiatric conditions of individuals with severe mental illnesses such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. The study followed 21 participants who were diagnosed with these conditions and were taking antipsychotic medications. The participants were instructed to follow a ketogenic diet, which resulted in improvements in metabolic markers such as weight loss, reduced waist circumference, and lower blood pressure. Additionally, the participants reported improvements in their mental health, including better sleep and greater life satisfaction. The researchers believe that the ketogenic diet may improve brain metabolism and provide an alternative fuel source for the brain. Further research is needed to confirm these findings. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords for this news article include: Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland, Europe, Proinsulin, Acne Vulgaris, Hyperinsulinism, Peptide Hormones, Peptide Proteins, Facial Dermatoses, Insulin Resistance, Acneiform Eruptions, Health and Medicine, Glucose Metabolism Disorders, Skin Diseases and Conditions, Sebaceous Gland Diseases and Conditions, Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions. Acne Vulgaris, Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions, Facial Dermatoses, Glucose Metabolism Disorders, Health and Medicine, Hyperinsulinism, Insulin Resistance, Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions, Peptide Hormones, Peptide Proteins, Proinsulin, Sebaceous Gland Diseases and Conditions, Skin Diseases and Conditions, Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases and Conditions, Acneiform Eruptions Keywords: Acne Vulgaris; Acneiform Eruptions; Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions; Facial Dermatoses; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Health and Medicine; Hyperinsulinism; Insulin Resistance; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions; Peptide Hormones; Peptide Proteins; Proinsulin; Sebaceous Gland Diseases and Conditions; Skin Diseases and Conditions; Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases and Conditions EN Acne Vulgaris Acneiform Eruptions Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions Facial Dermatoses Glucose Metabolism Disorders Health and Medicine Hyperinsulinism Insulin Resistance Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions Peptide Hormones Peptide Proteins Proinsulin Sebaceous Gland Diseases and Conditions Skin Diseases and Conditions Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases and Conditions 60 60 1 09/11/23 20230911 NES 230911 2023 SEP 11 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Diabetes Week -- Researchers detail new data in acne vulgaris. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Stanford Medicine have developed an artificial intelligence-based algorithm that can identify subtypes of Type 2 diabetes using data from continuous blood glucose monitors. This technology aims to provide personalized preventative measures for individuals with diabetes or prediabetes, allowing for better understanding and management of the condition. The algorithm, which can predict metabolic subtypes with about 90% accuracy, has the potential to improve access to care for those who may be economically challenged or geographically isolated. [Extracted from the article]

A study from the Medical University of Silesia in Poland explores the impact of apple cider vinegar on insulin resistance and related conditions. The research highlights potential benefits such as reduced insulin resistance, lower levels of triglycerides and cholesterol, improved glucose levels, and support for weight loss. While most cases showed no adverse effects with daily doses of 15-30 ml, potential risks include gastrointestinal issues, tooth erosion, and a possible link to acute pancreatitis. The study emphasizes the need for further research on the duration and safety of apple cider vinegar supplementation, cautioning against relying solely on online health information without critical evaluation. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the University of Queensland have conducted a study focusing on the impact of metabolic changes caused by obesity on the immune response. The study explores how obesity-induced metabolic disturbances disrupt normal immune function, leading to increased susceptibility to infections, inflammation, and chronic diseases. The research highlights the correlation between obesity and the risk of infection and inflammation, providing a comprehensive perspective on these interactions. This study sheds light on the detrimental effects of obesity on public health as its complications continue to rise globally. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the University of Sao Paulo in Brazil utilized dry blood spots as a sampling strategy to identify markers of insulin resistance during a dietary challenge. The research involved 54 volunteers who consumed a high-fat, high-sugar meal and underwent blood sampling to track their postprandial responses. The study found higher concentrations of metabolites associated with insulin resistance in individuals with high glucose area under the curve, demonstrating the potential of dry blood spots as a non-invasive tool for identifying dysglycemia markers. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from Sapienza University of Rome explores the relationship between metabolic syndrome, hepatic steatosis, and testosterone levels, particularly focusing on the impact of sex hormones on the development and progression of fatty liver disease. The research highlights the significant role of sex hormones in exacerbating the risk and severity of hepatic steatosis, with male hypogonadism and female hyperandrogenism contributing to metabolic dysfunction. The findings underscore the importance of understanding the complex interplay between sex hormones and metabolic disorders in addressing fatty liver disease. [Extracted from the article]

The article offers information on common seasonal health concerns of horses and suggestions for avoiding them. Topics discussed includes occurrence of colic in cold weather due to decreased hydration, providing water to overcome dehydration during cold weather, probability of founders diseases during spring season, looking for insulin resistivity in horse to avoid founders, probability of abscess due to bruising in horse's feet and keeping clean feet to avoid abscesses.

In obese adipose tissue, tumor necrosis factor-α secreted from macrophages plays an important role in the adipocyte dysfunctions, including insulin resistance, lipolytic acceleration, and changes of adipokines, which promote the development of obesity-related complications. Phillyrin, an active ingredient found in many medicinal plants and certain functional foods, elicits anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory properties in vivo. The aim of the current study was to investigate the role of phillyrin in preventing tumor necrosis factor α-induced insulin resistance or lipolytic acceleration in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Our results showed that phillyrin partially restored insulin-stimulated 2-DOG uptake, which was reduced by tumor necrosis factor-α, with concomitant restoration in serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 and insulin-stimulated Glut4 translocation to plasma membrane. Phillyrin also dose-dependently prevented tumor necrosis factor α-stimulated adipocyte lipolysis with preserved downregulation of perilipin. The mitogen-activated protein kinases and I kappaB kinase activation was promoted in tumor necrosis factor α-stimulated adipocytes, but pretreatment with 40 µM phillyrin inhibited the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases1/2, stress-activated protein kinase/Jun N-terminal kinase and I kappaB kinase (p < 0.05). Moreover, phillyrin could inhibit the expressions of interleukin-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 induced by tumor necrosis factor-α. Using transwell coculture method with 3T3-L1 adipocytes and RAW 264.7 macrophages, the enhanced productions of tumor necrosis factor-α and free fatty acids in the medium were significantly reduced by phillyrin (p < 0.05). These results indicate that phillyrin exerts a beneficial effect on adipocyte dysfunctions induced by tumor necrosis factor-α through sup-pression of the activation of I kappaB kinase and N-terminal kinase. Phillyrin may have the potential to ameliorate the inflammatory changes and insulin resistance in obese adipose tissue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anemarrhena asphodeloides is widely used for treatment of metabolic disorders in traditional Chinese medicine. This study investigated the effects of the total phenolic fraction of Anemarrhena asphodeloides on regulation of insulin sensitivity in adipocytes. Through treatment with macrophage-derived conditioned medium, insulin resistance was induced in adipocytes with IKKβ activation and dysregulation of adipokine production. However, these changes were reversed by treatment with the total phenolic fraction of A. asphodeloides (1, 10, 50 μg/mL). It regulated serine/tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 and subsequently restored Akt phosphorylation in response to insulin, thereby leading to the improvement of insulin-mediated glucose uptake. The total phenolic fraction of A. asphodeloides enhanced AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylation, and this action contributed to the inhibition of inflammation implicated in insulin resistance. In conclusion, the total phenolic fraction of A. asphodeloides attenuated insulin resistance in adipocytes by inhibition of inflammation in an AMP-activated protein kinasedependent manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A recent report from Beijing Hospital in China highlights the role of insulin resistance in disrupting glucose homeostasis and contributing to metabolic diseases. The researchers emphasize the importance of the interaction between insulin-secreting cells and insulin-responsive target organs in driving insulin resistance. They also discuss the role of extracellular vesicles, a novel class of endocrine hormones, in regulating insulin resistance. The study concludes that a comprehensive understanding of the regulatory mechanisms and diagnostic markers of insulin resistance could lead to targeted therapeutic interventions and improved prevention and treatment strategies. [Extracted from the article]

A report from the University of KwaZulu-Natal discusses the role of high mobility group box-1 (HMGB-1) in the development of diabetes complications. The research highlights the importance of inflammation in the onset and progression of diabetes mellitus and suggests that targeting HMGB-1 and its receptors could be a promising approach for antidiabetic interventions. The study focuses on the potential involvement of HMGB-1 in insulin resistance, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic neuropathy, and diabetic retinopathy. The findings suggest that future projects targeting HMGB-1-mediated inflammation could help ameliorate diabetes and its complications. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at St. Vincent's University Hospital in Dublin, Ireland, examined the effects of treatment with Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors (InSTI) on metabolic health in people with HIV. The study found that InSTI had a mild to moderate effect on weight gain, particularly in certain groups such as women, people of Black African ethnicity, those with lower socioeconomic status, and older individuals. However, InSTI were found to have a relatively safe profile in terms of lipid parameters and bone health compared to other antiretroviral therapies. The study concluded that while InSTI remain the preferred treatment option for most people with HIV due to their high efficacy and tolerability, an individualized approach to treatment should be used to avoid negative outcomes in populations at higher risk of metabolic complications. [Extracted from the article]

Parental dietary choices and/or nutritional interventions in the offspring are critical to early life development, especially during the periods of active developmental plasticity in the offspring. Exposure to a high-fructose, high-fat diet during the fetal or neonatal period predisposes the affected individuals to the development of one or more features of metabolic syndrome, such as dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, diabetes, and associated cardiovascular diseases, later in their life. Owing to the increasing global prevalence of metabolic syndrome and multiple side effects that accompany conventional medicines, much attention is directed towards medicinal plants and phytochemicals as alternative interventions. Several studies have investigated the potential of natural agents to prevent programmed metabolic syndrome. This present review, therefore, highlights an inextricable relationship between the administration of medicinal plants or phytochemicals during the intrauterine or neonatal period, and the prevention of metabolic dysfunction in adulthood, while exploring the mechanisms by which they exert such an effect. The review also identifies plant products as a novel approach to the prevention and management of metabolic syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mammalian target of rapamycin is crucial in the regulation of cell growth and metabolism. Recent studies suggest that the mammalian target of rapamycin and its downstream 70-kDa ribosomal S6 kinase 1 negatively modulate the insulin-signaling pathway, which is considered the main cause of insulin resistance. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of cardamonin, a potential inhibitor of the mammalian target of the rapamycin, on insulin-resistant vascular smooth muscle cells and the molecular mechanisms involved. Vascular smooth muscle cells were cultured with high glucose and high insulin to induce insulin resistance. The mammalian target of rapamycin was overstimulated in cells that were incubated with high glucose and high insulin, as reflected by the excessive activation of S6 kinase 1. Insulin-resistant vascular smooth muscle cells displayed hyperphosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 at Ser residues 636/639, which decreased the activity of insulin receptor substrate-1. Also, the activation of protein kinase B and phosphorylation of glycogen synthesis kinase-3β were inhibited. Cardamonin increased the 2-deoxyglucose uptake and glycogen concentration, which was reduced by insulin resistance. As with rapamycin, cardamonin inhibited the activity of the mammalian target of rapamycin and S6 kinase 1, decreased the Ser 636/639 phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 and increased the activation of protein kinase B. Both of them increased the Ser9 phosphorylation of glycogen synthesis kinase-3β and decreased the expression of glycogen synthesis kinase-3β. However, neither cardamonin nor rapamycin increased the expression of glucose transport 4 which decreased in insulin-resistant vascular smooth muscle cells. This study suggests that cardamonin inhibited the activity of the mammalian target of rapamycin and eliminated the negative feedback of the mammalian target of rapamycin and S6 kinase 1 on the insulin-signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zingiber zerumbet (L) Smith (Zingiberaceae), commonly known as the pinecone or shampoo ginger, is distributed in many parts of Asia. It has been demonstrated that the aqueous extract of Z. zerumbet exerted a potential blood glucose lowering effect in normoglycemic and streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic rats. The present study was undertaken to clarify whether the ethanol extract of Zingiber zerumbet (EEZZ) is effective in improving insulin resistance. Insulin resistance was induced in rats by feeding a high-fructose diet for six weeks. Thereafter, rats were maintained on the same diet and treated with oral EEZZ or pioglitazone once daily for eight weeks. At the end of treatment, the degree of basal insulin resistance was measured by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR). Insulin sensitivity was calculated using the composite whole body insulin sensitivity index (ISIcomp). Protein expression was evaluated by immunoblotting. Phytochemicals in EEZZ were determined through liquid chromatography-tandem mass. Not only curcumin but also quercetin and kaempferol were abundant in EEZZ. EEZZ (300mg/kg/day) displayed similar characteristics to pioglitazone (20mg/kg/day) in reducing HOMA-IR and elevating ISIcomp aswell as enhancing hepatic glycogen accumulation. Elevated glycosylated hemoglobin levels and hyperinsulinemia were ameliorated by EEZZ. Further, EEZZ enhanced the action of insulin on muscle glucose transporter subtype 4 translocation and attenuated hepatic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase expression. This study suggests that EEZZ may be an ethnomedicine for improving insulin sensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the ketogenic diets to enhance fat-burning metabolisms in the food, which leads to the use of the metabolites of fat burning, called ketones. The ketogenic diet, a high-fat and low-carbohydrate diet, helps to improve insulin resistance, reduce blood sugar levels, and use up glycogen stores to burn stored fat.

The article focuses on a study regarding adipose tissue macrophage that derived exosomal miRNAs can modulate in vivo and in vitro insulin sensitivity. It mentions the role of cytokines on exosomes in intercellular communication in cancer. It also presents the views of Jerrold Olefsky, endocrinologist at the University of California, regarding the same.

The article profiles Bruce Spiegelman, professor of cell biology at Harvard Medical School and the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in Boston, Massachusetts, who pioneered the study of adipose tissue biology and metabolism. It notes that the professor was the first to provide evidence for the link between inflammation, insulin resistance, and fat tissue. He also demonstrated that c-fos, a nuclear oncogene, codes for a transcription factor that binds to the promoters of fat-specific genes.

A report from researchers at Colorado State University discusses the potential benefits of a mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) for adolescents at risk for type 2 diabetes. The study aims to test the feasibility and acceptability of a six-week MBI, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), and health education group intervention for adolescents with elevated depression symptoms and a family history of diabetes. The interventions will be delivered virtually by trained psychologists and co-facilitators, and assessments will occur at baseline, six-week follow-up, and one-year follow-up. The findings of this pilot study will inform the development of a larger, multisite randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of MBI in decreasing depression and improving insulin resistance in at-risk adolescents. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at West Virginia University discusses the clinical assessment and treatment of excess body fat in children, focusing on insulin resistance. The researchers highlight the growing public health crisis of pediatric obesity and the related comorbidities. They suggest that a low-carbohydrate eating pattern can be effective in addressing pediatric obesity, but emphasize the need for policy guardrails to ensure its sustainability and viability for children and their families. The study concludes that there must be a change in the nutritional environment to combat the chronic disease of obesity. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the Ministry of Health in Mosul, Iraq, have conducted a study on the potential effects of cilnidipine, a common hypertension medication, on insulin sensitivity. Insulin sensitivity plays a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels, and the study suggests that cilnidipine may have a positive impact on insulin sensitivity in individuals with hypertension and type 2 diabetes. However, further research is needed to confirm these findings and evaluate the long-term effects of cilnidipine on insulin sensitivity. This research offers a promising avenue for potential therapeutic applications in addressing insulin resistance. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Philipps-University Marburg in Germany explores the mechanisms of insulin resistance in individuals with obesity. Insulin resistance is a common condition that affects many people worldwide. The study found that there is a complex correlation between insulin resistance and obesity, involving various inflammatory, neural, and endocrine processes. Further research is needed to better understand the connections between these factors. The study provides valuable insights into the understanding of insulin resistance and its association with obesity. [Extracted from the article]

The article presents information on a study conducted by the researchers at Children's Hospital, Los Angeles, California, according to which, sleep apnea is associated with insulin resistance, a metabolic dysfunction that correlates with obesity. According to Sally L. Davidson, head of the division of Pediatric Pulmonology at the hospital, the study explores the early development of metabolic syndrome.

A recent study conducted by researchers at Bengbu Medical College in China explores the link between insulin resistance and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The study emphasizes the importance of identifying high-risk factors for lung cancer and facilitating early diagnosis to reduce morbidity and mortality rates among NSCLC patients. The researchers found that improving insulin resistance may potentially inhibit the progression of lung cancer. The study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of insulin resistance in NSCLC, including its occurrence, mechanisms, and potential value in predicting, assessing, and treating lung cancer. [Extracted from the article]

PureTech Health announced the publication of a research paper in Nature Metabolism, which showed for the first time that restoring normal function of the mesenteric lymphatics may reverse insulin resistance [...]

The article focuses on the medical discoveries uncovered by immunologists Daniel and Shawn Winer, suggesting that type-2 diabetes might be stimulated by a defined autoimmune response. In their two papers in "Nature Medicine," they have demonstrated that a T cell offsets insulin resistance and a B cell attacks tissues that impairs cells to respond to insulin. According to Shawn, immune cells might influence the occurrence of genetic diseases since they have access to every tissue of the body.

A recent study conducted by researchers at the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP) in Brazil explores the connection between pulmonary hypertension (PAH) and insulin resistance (IR). PAH is a disease characterized by increased blood pressure in the pulmonary circulation, leading to restricted blood flow and heart failure. The study suggests that there may be a common molecular mechanism linking PAH and IR, which involves disturbances in glucose metabolism. The researchers hope that a better understanding of these mechanisms will contribute to the development of new therapies for PAH. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from Daegu University in South Korea explores the role of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NADPH) in metabolic health, specifically its impact on insulin secretion, insulin resistance, and ferroptosis. NADPH is a critical cofactor in cellular antioxidant systems and lipid synthesis, and its balance is important for maintaining metabolic homeostasis. The review investigates how NADPH influences insulin resistance in adipocytes and skeletal muscle, as well as its dual nature in pancreatic beta-cell health and ferroptosis. Understanding these dynamics could lead to more effective strategies for managing insulin resistance and preserving pancreatic beta-cell function, ultimately advancing the treatment of metabolic diseases. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Liaoning University in China explored the potential of Gooseberry anthocyanins (GA) in alleviating insulin resistance (IR) caused by obesity. The researchers used a high-fat diet mice model to investigate the effects of GA on IR. The results showed that GA effectively reduced visceral fat, improved insulin sensitivity, and decreased the levels of inflammatory factors associated with IR. This study provides a basis for further research on the prevention and treatment of obesity-related diseases. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Ardebil; Iran; Amino Acids; Basic Amino Acids; Biomarkers; Diagnostics and Screening; Diamino Amino Acids; Dyslipidemias; Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Glutamine; Health and Medicine; Hyperinsulinism; Inflammation; Insulin Resistance; Kidney; Nephrology; Neutral Amino Acids; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions; Peptide Hormones; Peptide Proteins; Poisoning; Proinsulin EN Ardebil Iran Amino Acids Basic Amino Acids Biomarkers Diagnostics and Screening Diamino Amino Acids Dyslipidemias Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions Glucose Metabolism Disorders Glutamine Health and Medicine Hyperinsulinism Inflammation Insulin Resistance Kidney Nephrology Neutral Amino Acids Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions Peptide Hormones Peptide Proteins Poisoning Proinsulin 247 247 1 11/06/23 20231106 NES 231106 2023 NOV 6 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Diabetes Week -- Current study results on Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions - Insulin Resistance have been published. According to the news editors, the research concluded: "Gln guarded the kidneys versus lead intoxication by improving insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, elevating antioxidant markers, and diminishing inflammation and carbonyl stress.". [Extracted from the article]

PPARγ agonists are widely used medications in diabetes mellitus therapy. Their role in improving adipose tissue function contributes to antidiabetic effects. The extracts of Dodonaea viscosa have been reported to exert antidiabetic activity. However, the effective mediators and the underlying mechanisms were largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the action on PPARγ transactivation and adipocyte modulation of two typical flavonoid constituents from D. viscosa, 5,4'-dihydroxy-7,8-dimethoxyflavanone and aliarin. Our results showed that 5,4'-dihydroxy-7,8-dimethoxyflavanone and aliarin were potential partial PPARγ agonists. The compounds induced adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells, with an upregulated adiponectin mRNA level and enhanced insulin sensitivity. The favorable effects of 5,4'-dihydroxy-7,8-dimethoxyflavanone, aliarin, and other flavonoid constituents on adipocytes might contribute to the antidiabetic efficacy of D. viscosa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keywords: Cardiovascular Diseases and Conditions; Diabetologia; Drugs and Therapies; Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Health and Medicine; Hyperinsulinism; Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Insulin Resistance; Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions; Peptide Hormones; Peptide Proteins; Proinsulin; Risk and Prevention; Type 2 Diabetes EN Cardiovascular Diseases and Conditions Diabetologia Drugs and Therapies Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions Glucose Metabolism Disorders Health and Medicine Hyperinsulinism Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Insulin Resistance Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions Peptide Hormones Peptide Proteins Proinsulin Risk and Prevention Type 2 Diabetes 127 127 1 10/16/23 20231017 NES 231017 2023 OCT 19 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Diabetes Week -- Drinking dark tea every day may help to mitigate type 2 diabetes risk and progression in adults through better blood sugar control, suggests new research at this year's Annual Meeting of The European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD), Hamburg (2-6 Oct). Keywords for this news article include: Proinsulin, Diabetologia, Hyperinsulinism, Type 2 Diabetes, Peptide Hormones, Peptide Proteins, Insulin Resistance, Drugs and Therapies, Health and Medicine, Risk and Prevention, Glucose Metabolism Disorders, Cardiovascular Diseases and Conditions, Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus. Cardiovascular Diseases and Conditions, Diabetologia, Drugs and Therapies, Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions, Glucose Metabolism Disorders, Health and Medicine, Hyperinsulinism, Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin Resistance, Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus, Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions, Peptide Hormones, Peptide Proteins, Proinsulin, Risk and Prevention, Type 2 Diabetes. [Extracted from the article]

Rooibos, an indigenous South African plant ingested as herbal tea, is well known for its antioxidant effects. This in vitro study investigated aspalathin (C21H24O11), a dihydrochalcone unique to rooibos, for hypoglycemic effects in the context of age- and obesity-induced insulin resistance and the mechanisms involved. Male Wistar rats were allocated into three groups: 16-30 weeks feeding with either standard rat chow or a high-caloric diet, or 6-10 weeks feeding with standard rat chow. Ventricular cardiomyocytes were isolated by collagenase perfusion digestion, and glucose uptake was determined by 2-[³H]-deoxyglucose accumulation. Viability was tested by trypan blue exclusion or propidium iodide staining. The high-caloric diet significantly increased body weight gain (508.5 ± 50.0 vs. 417.3 ± 40.0 g), visceral adiposity (42.30 ± 10.1 vs. 21.75 ± 7.0 g), and fasting blood glucose (5.7 ± 0.4 vs. 4.7 ± 0.1mM). Aspalathin (10 µM for 90min) induced 2- [³H]-deoxyglucose uptake in young cardiomyocytes (37.2 ± 13.9 vs. 25.7 ± 2.5 pmol 2-[³H]-deoxyglucose/mg protein) and enhanced insulin-mediated 2-[³H]-deoxyglucose uptake in control cells (32.4 ± 6.4 vs. 23.5 ± 10.0 pmol 2-[³H]-deoxyglucose/ mg protein), but failed to induce 2-[³H]-deoxyglucose uptake in high-caloric diet cells. Aspalathin induced glucose uptake in insulin-sensitive cardiomyocytes from young and aged rats, but not in high-caloric diet animals and enhanced the actions of insulin through a PI3K-dependent mechanism, resulting in an additive response. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nandinine is a derivative of berberine that has high efficacy for treating cardiovascular diseases. This study investigated the effects of berberine and nandinine on the regulation of insulin sensitivity in adipocytes. Through treatment with macrophage-derived conditioned medium in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, dysregulation of adipokine production and activation of the IκB kinase β/nuclear factor-kappa B pathway was induced. However, these phenomena were effectively reversed by berberine, nandinine, and salicylate pretreatments. Furthermore, both berberine and nandinine inhibited serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 induced by IκB kinase β and increased tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 to activate the PI3K/Akt pathway, which finally led to insulin-mediated glucose uptake. In addition, berberine and nandinine significantly increased AMP-activated protein kinase activity, thereby contributing to their anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting IκB kinase β activation. Finally, in vivo studies demonstrated that both berberine (100 or 200mg/kg) and nandinine (100 or 200mg/kg) effectively ameliorated glucose intolerance and induced the insulin sensitivity index in mice. In conclusion, berberine and nandinine attenuated insulin resistance in adipocytes by inhibiting inflammation in an AMP-activated protein kinase-dependent manner. Berberine and nandinine may be used as dietary supplements and nandinine is a new candidate for obesity treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keywords: Bacteroidaceae; Bacteroidetes; Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Gram-Negative Anaerobic Bacteria; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Health and Medicine; Hyperinsulinism; Insulin Resistance; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions; Peptide Hormones; Peptide Proteins; Porphyromonas; Porphyromonas gingivalis; Proinsulin EN Bacteroidaceae Bacteroidetes Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions Glucose Metabolism Disorders Gram-Negative Anaerobic Bacteria Gram-Negative Bacteria Health and Medicine Hyperinsulinism Insulin Resistance Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions Peptide Hormones Peptide Proteins Porphyromonas Porphyromonas gingivalis Proinsulin 284 284 1 07/31/23 20230731 NES 230731 2023 JUL 31 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Diabetes Week -- Investigators discuss new findings in Porphyromonas gingivalis. Bacteroidaceae, Bacteroidetes, Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions, Glucose Metabolism Disorders, Gram-Negative Bacteria, Health and Medicine, Hyperinsulinism, Insulin Resistance, Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions, Peptide Hormones, Peptide Proteins, Porphyromonas, Gram-Negative Anaerobic Bacteria, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Proinsulin. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: New York City; State:New York; United States; North and Central America; Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions; Genetics; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Health and Medicine; Hyperinsulinism; Insulin Resistance; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions; Peptide Hormones; Peptide Proteins; Proinsulin EN New York City State:New York United States North and Central America Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions Genetics Glucose Metabolism Disorders Health and Medicine Hyperinsulinism Insulin Resistance Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions Peptide Hormones Peptide Proteins Proinsulin 125 125 1 05/02/23 20230501 NES 230501 2023 MAY 1 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Diabetes Week -- Current study results on Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions - Insulin Resistance have been published. New York City, State:New York, United States, North and Central America, Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions, Genetics, Glucose Metabolism Disorders, Health and Medicine, Hyperinsulinism, Insulin Resistance, Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions, Peptide Hormones, Peptide Proteins, Proinsulin. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Shenzhen; People's Republic of China; Asia; Alzheimer Disease; Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Health and Medicine; Hyperinsulinism; Insulin Resistance; Neurodegenerative Diseases and Conditions; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions; Peptide Hormones; Peptide Proteins; Proinsulin EN Shenzhen People's Republic of China Asia Alzheimer Disease Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions Glucose Metabolism Disorders Health and Medicine Hyperinsulinism Insulin Resistance Neurodegenerative Diseases and Conditions Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions Peptide Hormones Peptide Proteins Proinsulin 140 140 1 04/24/23 20230424 NES 230424 2023 APR 24 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Diabetes Week -- New research on Neurodegenerative Diseases and Conditions - Alzheimer Disease is the subject of a report. Shenzhen, People's Republic of China, Asia, Alzheimer Disease, Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions, Glucose Metabolism Disorders, Health and Medicine, Hyperinsulinism, Insulin Resistance, Neurodegenerative Diseases and Conditions, Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions, Peptide Hormones, Peptide Proteins, Proinsulin. [Extracted from the article]

Biomarkers, Clinical Research, Clinical Trials and Studies, Diagnostics and Screening, Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions, Glucose Metabolism Disorders, Health and Medicine, Hyperinsulinism, Insulin Resistance, Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions, Peptide Hormones, Peptide Proteins, Proinsulin Keywords: Biomarkers; Clinical Research; Clinical Trials and Studies; Diagnostics and Screening; Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Health and Medicine; Hyperinsulinism; Insulin Resistance; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions; Peptide Hormones; Peptide Proteins; Proinsulin EN Biomarkers Clinical Research Clinical Trials and Studies Diagnostics and Screening Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions Glucose Metabolism Disorders Health and Medicine Hyperinsulinism Insulin Resistance Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions Peptide Hormones Peptide Proteins Proinsulin 906 906 1 04/17/23 20230421 NES 230421 2023 APR 17 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Hematology Week -- Researchers detail new data in insulin resistance. [Extracted from the article]

He explains that endothelial dysfunction has a major role in the progression of insulin resistance, diabetes, cardiovascular disease and other metabolic diseases. Keywords: Bariatrics; Cardiology; Cardiovascular; Cardiovascular Diseases and Conditions; Cardiovascular Research; Diet and Nutrition; Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions; Endothelial Cells; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Health and Medicine; Hyperinsulinism; Insulin Resistance; Nutrition Disorders; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions; Obesity; Obesity and Diabetes; Ohio University; Overnutrition; Peptide Hormones; Peptide Proteins; Proinsulin EN Bariatrics Cardiology Cardiovascular Cardiovascular Diseases and Conditions Cardiovascular Research Diet and Nutrition Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions Endothelial Cells Glucose Metabolism Disorders Health and Medicine Hyperinsulinism Insulin Resistance Nutrition Disorders Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions Obesity Obesity and Diabetes Ohio University Overnutrition Peptide Hormones Peptide Proteins Proinsulin 525 525 1 04/10/23 20230410 NES 230410 2023 APR 10 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Cardiovascular Week -- A team of researchers from Ohio University's Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine recently discovered a novel role of human-CIDEC gene in improving metabolic dysfunction and cardiovascular health. [Extracted from the article]

Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions, Glucose Metabolism Disorders, Health and Medicine, Hyperinsulinism, Insulin Resistance, Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions, Peptide Hormones, Peptide Proteins, Proinsulin Keywords: Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Health and Medicine; Hyperinsulinism; Insulin Resistance; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions; Peptide Hormones; Peptide Proteins; Proinsulin EN Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions Glucose Metabolism Disorders Health and Medicine Hyperinsulinism Insulin Resistance Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions Peptide Hormones Peptide Proteins Proinsulin 225 225 1 04/03/23 20230404 NES 230404 2023 APR 3 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Diabetes Week -- Investigators discuss new findings in insulin resistance. [Extracted from the article]

Antidiabetic Agents, Biguanides, Drugs and Therapies, Endocrine Cells, Endocrine Glands, Endocrine System, Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions, Glucose Metabolism Disorders, Gonads, Granulosa Cells, Gynecology, Health and Medicine, Hyperinsulinism, Hypoglycemic Agents, Insulin Resistance, Metformin, Metformin Therapy, Non-Sulfonylureas, Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions, Ovarian Follicle, Peptide Hormones, Peptide Proteins, Pharmaceuticals, Proinsulin, Women's Health Keywords: Antidiabetic Agents; Biguanides; Drugs and Therapies; Endocrine Cells; Endocrine Glands; Endocrine System; Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Gonads; Granulosa Cells; Gynecology; Health and Medicine; Hyperinsulinism; Hypoglycemic Agents; Insulin Resistance; Metformin; Metformin Therapy; Non-Sulfonylureas; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions; Ovarian Follicle; Peptide Hormones; Peptide Proteins; Pharmaceuticals; Proinsulin; Women's Health EN Antidiabetic Agents Biguanides Drugs and Therapies Endocrine Cells Endocrine Glands Endocrine System Endocrine System Diseases and Conditions Glucose Metabolism Disorders Gonads Granulosa Cells Gynecology Health and Medicine Hyperinsulinism Hypoglycemic Agents Insulin Resistance Metformin Metformin Therapy Non-Sulfonylureas Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases and Conditions Ovarian Follicle Peptide Hormones Peptide Proteins Pharmaceuticals Proinsulin Women's Health 254 254 1 04/03/23 20230404 NES 230404 2023 APR 3 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Women's Health Weekly -- Investigators publish new report on insulin resistance. [Extracted from the article]

The First Chinese Laboratory Recognized By International Olive Council (IOC). China Kicks off Precision Medicine Research. Chinese Researchers Find Flavonoids in Cotton Petals to Treat Alzheimer's Disease. China Recognizes Prominent Scientists and Stresses on Innovation. China Corporation Tencent in Kenya to Help Combat Illegal Wildlife Trade. Catalyst Helps Convert Waste CO2 into Fuel. Articular Cartilage Stem Cells Participate in Cartilage Self-Repair during Early Osteoarthritis. Chinese Scientists Develop Polygraph Based on AI Technology. Scientists Uncover Beneficiary Effects of Dietary Iron Oxide Nanoparticles. A New Water Robot 'Born' to Detect Water Quality. Archaeologists Discover World's Oldest Tea Buried with Ancient Chinese Emperor. Scientists Find in situ KIT-expressing Cardiomyocytes. Integrin CD11b Regulates Obesity-Related Insulin Resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]