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The article focuses on the reestablishment of Germany's merchant marine after World War I. Early financing of the merchant marine by the German government and the shipping companies themselves is examined. Details related to the policies of German shipping companies concerning joint operations between German and foreign companies, especially American shipping companies, are discussed. Comparisons are made of the capabilities of the German merchant marine before and after World War I, and the improvements upon operation made by companies such as the Hamburg-American Line are presented.

In this editorial the author examines how the German newspaper industry has manged to stay financially strong despite a majority of advertisers using Web sites instead of print publications. The author suggests that the U.S. newspaper industry could boost revenues by adhering to the business model of German newspapers. The editorial specifically focuses on Bild, a daily newspaper out of Berlin with 12 million readers.

The article details the difficult situation that German businesses are finding themselves in as the German mark depreciates and businesses are unable to find capital to fund growth. The article explains that German business is facing low worker performance, an increase in overhead costs, a lengthening in time to process raw materials, and unstable product prices. The article examines the efforts to stabilize industry, including the attempt by some industrial firms to establish their own banking institutions to attract financing and the formation of branch factories in other countries. The issues of loans, "valorization," and interest rates from the Reichsbank and commercial banks are addressed. Because of instability, much German industrial financing is being backed by foreign currencies.

The article compares the German stock exchange quotations and dividends from before World War I to those up to 1923. The author suggests that to calculate the actual value of the current quotations, the par values of the shares before the war must be considered, as well as the par value of the shares issued in the meantime at their gold par value at the time of the issue. He includes tables showing the real values of stocks before and after the war in several different industries. Furthermore, he analyzes the real value of the stock before and after the war and presents several conclusions.

Discusses the economic troubles of the Süddeutsche Zeitung newspaper in Germany. Expected losses and job cuts; Other German publications that face economic troubles; Decline in advertising; Decrease in readership; Possibility that concentration may be the only way for Germany's papers to survive; German regulation that prevents the merger of newspaper publishers.

Analyses the economic potential of Ruhr Basin of Germany in the light of its invasion by France. Information that Ruhr has the concentration of much greater part of the coal production in Germany; Importance of the presence of market and cost of exploitation for coal mines to become economically viable; Argument that the main market for the Ruhr coal is and must remain Germany as only the German industrial and domestic demand can give the coal value enough to make it worth mining; Information that the internal German market is reduced to the paint where it has virtually nothing it can pay for the manufactures of the Ruhr except paper marks; Argument of the French that they would extract two hundred and fifty million dollars in gold from Ruhr.

The article presents information on the economics department at the Universität Hamburg in Germany. Erected in the 1970s, this six-story concrete building resembled a really ugly bunker, says André Poitiers Architekt's name sake principal, who recently updated the lobby. A stand for snacks and sundries now stands at one end of the space and an information desk at the other.

The overwhelming collapse last week in prices on a Stock Exchange was commonly ascribed by bewildered Wall Street to "peace proposals." The decline in fact began on the day when Germany's note was published. If, then, the week's excessively violent decline, with a volume of business matched only once or twice in Wall Street's previous history, were considered merely as an incident of the week and without reference to what had gone before, it would appear indeed portentous. But the daily trading of two and a half million shares which the market witnessed on the break was as logical a result of conditions precedent as was the famous 3,000,000-share day of May 9, 1901.

The article offers information on the impact of the Germany's chancellor Heinrich Bruening judgment of issuing a decree which restrict the opening of any new units of the one-price chains in cities of Germany with a population of less than 100,000 for a period of two years. It mentions that the American Woolworth Co. brought the concept of chain store among Germans. It focuses on the conflict which broke among chain stores and the independent retailers due to the Great depression of 1929.

This section offers news briefs about business and economy worldwide. The plans of the Bank of France and the American Federal Reserve to offer a loan to maintain the price of sterling has been opposed by several parties. Industrial activities in Germany have decreased despite the success of the Basle negotiations. Unsettled political conditions and business depression are affecting the economies of several South American countries.

The article examines the economic integration of German-occupied territories in Europe during World War II. Germany strengthened the Wehrmacht by exploiting the natural, human, and industrial resources of the conquered countries and integrating their economies with the Reich. German forces, as well as German manufacturers, used contracts in occupied territories rather than directly taking over the manufacturing companies. The transmission of contracts, which was distinct from subcontracting within the Reich, was one of the three phases of economic relations during the occupation. Topics include German-French economic relations, Germany's Four-Year Plan and conversion method for industrial collaboration, and the advantages of German contracting for these occupied nations.

The article discusses the Bank for International Settlements (B.I.S.). The Bank was created to collect the reparation payments from Germany post World War I and to imitate the functions of a central banking organization. The Bank's lending capacity is almost entirely dependent on its own resources and its own deposits. The B.I.S. plays an important role throughout the global banking community through its commercialisation and mobilization of Germany's debt. Analysts speculate that the B.I.S. is too dependent on the Central Banks and their regulations.

The article examines German prices and competition in international markets. Several causes of differences between the domestic value and the foreign exchange value of the German monetary note are discussed, as well as efforts to stabilize its valuation. Economic sanctions on Germany after World War I only exacerbated their economic crisis, eventually leading to a complete economic collapse. The devastating effects of this collapse on German domestic commerce, its currency exchange rate and wages and salaries are detailed.

The article focuses on the probable economic and financial impact that refugees and migrants will have on Germany and the European Union. It states that a recent paper found wages for menial jobs was depressed by just two percent (%) by a 10% rise in the share of migrants working those jobs. It examined the fiscal impact of refugees getting benefits compared to the taxes paid and suggested refugees would increase Germany's gross domestic product to public expenditure of 0.35% in 2016.

Discusses the application of indemnity by the German government for affected European countries with regards to the war in 1914 until 1918. Agreement by the Allied premiers of the limited ability of the Germans to pay indemnity; Predominance of the economics in the situation instead of the question of morality; Economic conditions for the availability of the indemnity as a capital; Importance of considering the amount of wealth Germany can produce without affecting the country's industrial production capacity; Proposal to transfer property income from the German bourgeoisie to the Allies.

The article reports that around 40 percent employees at British, German and France companies are using tablets to do business. Employees working in the field are more likely to rely solely on their tablets and employees using only a tablet increases for hybrid products like 2-in-1s or convertibles as they are deployed by keyboard.

The article profiles economist Ulrike Malmendier. According to the author, Malmendier studied law, economics and psychology from Bonn, Germany to the U.S., earning six university diplomas in the span of seven years. She presents the views of Malmendier on political economy, with an emphasis on her preference for behavioral economics. The importance of the Malmendier's research on behavioral economics is also cited.

The article discusses the author's claim that an influx of refugees into Europe in 2015 could help to improve the region's economy by increasing the global gross domestic product (GDP) rate over the course of 25 years, and it mentions the potential impacts of the refugee migration on European culture and the dependency ration in Europe. Long-term economic growth is addressed in relation to nations such as Germany and Greece. The costs associated with shelter and job training are examined.

This article examines the link between economics and religion. If you want to avoid an argument over religion at your next dinner party, you might suppose it safe to invite an economist or two. They, of all people, could be expected to stick to Mammon. Or maybe not, if a new paper by Robert Barro, one of America's best-known economists, and Rachel McCleary, a colleague at Harvard University, is any guide. Recently, Niall Ferguson, a British historian at New York University, argued that today's economic stagnation in Germany and other European countries owes much to the decline of religious belief and church attendance during the past four decades. More prosperous countries seem to have lower rates of church attendance, although America--the best instance of a country of competing sects rather than a state religion--is a conspicuous exception. If there is a link between religion and economic performance, then economists ought to have something to say about it.

Informs that protocol embodying the results of last summer's inter-allied conference in London now appears to contain a palpable joker. Focus on points of discussion at the meeting of the Ministers of Finance of the former allied states, scheduled to take place during the first half of January; Reference to the deductions on account of the operation of the British reparation recovery act; Information that Germany resented the action of France in suddenly bringing into operation the reparation recovery act.

The article discusses the developments in financial concerns in Germany. In anticipation of its inability to meet all of the interest charges due in 1932, the German government proposed that an arrangement with its creditors for a standstill agreement should be made to cover privately contracted debts of German industry and commercial banks. Reichsbank also announced its plan of interest reductions on commercial short-term obligations that are noted to have higher interest charges.

Presents letters to the editor referencing articles and topics discussed in previous issues of the journal. Report on the war in Germany; Comments on the article "Hutchins and the Absolute," published in the February 3, 1941 issue of the journal; Information about the report "Consumer Incomes in the U.S." prepared by National Resources Committee; Comments on the article "The Battle of the Bible Belt," published in the March 10, 1941 issue of the journal.

It was natural that the news, last Thursday afternoon, of the destruction of the Arabic by a German submarine, with loss of American lives, should have instantly affected the Stock Exchange. Wall Street recalled the break of 10 to 30 points, In stocks which had previously been a focus of speculation, when the news of the Lusitania arrived on the 7th of May. Prices for these very stocks had gone still higher, during the intervening time.

The article reports on a survey conducted by the Forsa Institute for Social Research and Statistical Analysis in Germany under "Project Earth: Our Future" Topics discussed include value of innovation in sustainable shoes design and their production, sustainability as the social responsibility to meet ecological and economic needs. Sustainable Apparel Coalition (SAC), a trade organization, has launched Higg Index 1.0 in June 2012 for improving the ecological execution of apparel goods.

The article offers economics news briefs including German government bonds data for week ended May 8, 2015, European Union halts a move to variable net asset value and Financial Stability Board seeks progress report on implementation of foreign exchange reform recommendations by July 31, 2015.