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The article focuses on a report released by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) regarding increasing supply of credit for large borrowers in India through market mechanism. Topics discussed include mitigation of risk of incremental exposures of banks posed by borrowers, a report by the State Bank of India (SBI) regarding cash inflow entailing normally permitted lending limit (NPLL) in Indian commercial paper (CP) market and suggestions regarding standard asset provision on bank exposures.

Purpose: The paper focuses on reviewing and theorizing the factors that affect the adoption of cloud computing in the education sector narrowing the focus to developing countries such as India. Design/methodology/approach: Through an extensive literature survey, critical factors of cloud computing for education were identified. Further, the fuzzy DEMATEL approach was used to define their interrelationship and its cause and effect. Findings: A total of 17 factors were identified for the study based on the literature survey and experts' input. These factors were classified as causes and effects and ranked and interrelated. "Required Learning Skills and Attitude," "Lack of Infrastructure," "Learners' Ability" and "Increased Investment" are found to be the most influential factors. Practical implications: The resultant ranking factors can be used as a basis for managing the process of cloud adoption in several institutions. The study could guide academicians, policymakers and government authorities for the effective adoption of cloud computing in education. Originality/value: The study investigates interdependency amongst the factors of cloud computing for education in context with developing economy. This is one of first study in higher education institutes of India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes a range of research studies relating to learning disabilities in India during the last two decades. Attention is called to the existence of many different languages within India. Standardized and teacher-made tools have been developed for assessment and remediation purposes. The paper ends by making some suggestions for further research.

Livelihoods of rural poor in developing countries like India are exposed to risks due to natural disasters like floods. Although these risks are covariate, households are affected in varying degrees due to their location and their relative capacity to cope with them. These in turn are household-specific and are decisive in defining the efficacy of coping mechanisms adopted by households to hedge against the impact of floods. The paper attempts to study the nature of risks faced by households in a major flood-prone region of rural India and examine the effectiveness of coping mechanisms adopted. Findings suggest that (i) floods significantly reduce the consumption of households, (ii) traditional coping mechanisms used to manage the impacts are ineffective in safeguarding the risks to their livelihood and (iii) designing comprehensive coping measures, targeting vulnerable groups and combining informal insurance with safety nets will be useful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

India played a significant role in the adoption of amendments to the International Health Regulations (IHR 2005) at the 77th World Health Assembly (WHA). The amendments were formulated based on proposals from member nations following the Covid-19 pandemic. India's proposal for a single drafting group was unanimously approved by all member states, resulting in the adoption of the amendments on June 1. These amendments aim to enhance countries' preparedness and response capabilities to public health emergencies and focus on equitable access to health products and financial resources for developing countries. [Extracted from the article]

Offers a look at the role of the U.S. in fighting the massive famine in the world through the increase in food production and population control. Ratio between population and food production in needy countries; Economic conditions in developing countries before World War I; Information on the U.S. Agency for International Development missions; Percentage of children who die each year in India due to malnutrition.

A decade after founding SKS Microfinance, CEO Akula explains how to make money at the bottom tier of the economic pyramid while raising the living standards of the people who occupy it. His company, which provides many small-business loans and other financial services to poor women in India, has a customer base that has been nearly tripling each year and now numbers more than 2 million. Akula attributes his firm's success in part to heeding three principles: Adopt a profit-oriented approach in order to access commercial capital; boost capacity by standardizing products, training, and other processes; and use the latest technology to reduce costs and limit errors. Collectively, these for-profit maxims reflect a rethinking of the conventional microfinance model, which simply aims to break even. Instead, SKS scales up to achieve growth; the margins are razor thin, but the volume is staggering--160,000 new customers every month. Numbers like that give the company great leverage with partners--insurers, telecom providers, consumer goods manufacturers, and so on--whose products SKS's clients need. Customers are indeed central to Akula's enterprise. Every SKS loan officer is required to do what's best for the client, even if it undermines the firm's short-term interests. That means everything from traveling far and wide to meet with prospective borrowers on their schedules to scratching out repayment plans in the dirt with them. Such commitment scales up customer loyalty, which ultimately improves the fortunes of not only the clients themselves but also the company and its investors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discusses family planning in the Third World. Comparison of monies spent of military upkeep and health; Indian and Chinese birth control efforts; 'Worldwatch Paper 80.'

Discusses the ethical debate over conducting clinical trials in developing countries. Reasons why 40% of all trials are conducted in poor countries such as Russia and India, including the economic benefits; How trials in poor countries allow drugs to reach the market faster; Issues surrounding the U.S. Food & Drug Administration's oversight of foreign clinical trials; Question of whether foreign drug trials exploit the vulnerability of poor patients; Analysis of the issue.

Discusses the loss of United States information technology and related technology jobs to foreign outsourced workers. Growth of the industries in India and other developing nations; Digitization of information, high-speed global networks and cost of labor; Negative effects of globalization. INSETS: A WORLD OF OUTSOURCING;GLOBALIZATION GOES WHITE COLLAR;THE WAY, WAY BACK OFFICE

This article focuses on the computer software strategies adopted in developing countries. It has been a big business in developing countries. Many of these countries have cheap, talented labor that finds an easy route into a business that is labor-intensive, has relatively low entry barriers, and has few economies of scale. But this is also a multifaceted business. Extrapolation from the patchwork of incomplete and sometimes uncertain figures suggests these countries exported some $3 billion of software in 1998-99. The export image projected is one of virtual development, in which clients sitting in the West interact with software professionals developing packages overseas. The high profile of India's success makes many developing countries wish to follow in its footsteps. Those who do, however, find difficulties. Inter-developing countries markets are also growing. Africa, Asia, and the Middle East are the target for about 5% of India's software exports, while Korea and Malaysia are outsourcing to countries like the Philippines, China, and Vietnam. The vast majority of developing countries software firms sit in the position-D market segment, largely because it is by far the easiest for them to enter.

The article focuses on an International Council for Capital Formation (ICCF) paper as a response of developing countries to climate change that will accommodate prosperity. According to David Montgomery and Sugandha Tuladhar, the Asia Pacific Partnership (APP) paper signed by partner countries including China, India and the U.S. hope to integrate technical, environmental and economic progress. It also notes that the potential of APP is comparable with what the Kyoto Protocol can achieve.

Conventional thinking about Third-World development rejects the idea of state-of-the-art technology for villages that lack adequate water, power, food, and literacy. But Sam Pitroda argues that modern telecommunications and electronic information systems are completely appropriate technologies even for the poorest regions of the world. Why? First, telecom is indispensable in mobilising the resources necessary to meet basic human needs. Second, information technology is the greatest democratizer the world has ever seen. The author was born to a lower caste Indian family in a village without electricity or telephones. At 22, he earned a master's degree in electrical engineering at the Illinois Institute of Technology. At 38, he was a U.S. citizen, a self-made millionaire in the field of digital switching, and a man with a mission. In 1980, Indian telecom was in a sorry state, with 2.5 million telephones and 12,000 public phones for a population of 700 million people. Only 3% of India's 600,000 villages had telephone service of any kind. Worse yet, switching and transmission technologies were antiquated. Convinced that India needed digital technology, universal telephone accessibility, and native Indian engineering, the author became an unpaid adviser to the prime minister and launched a program to modernize Indian telecom. By 1987, India had developed its own digital electronics industry and was manufacturing the world's first small rural digital exchange for village use. Today rural exchanges are being installed at the rate of 25 each day. By 1995, more than 100,000 villages will have telephone service. By the turn of the century, virtually every Indian will have access to telecommunications. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This article analyzes the importance of third bloc of newly independent countries led by India, apart from the Communist and Capitalist blocs. Of more immediate importance is the question whether India is straying only temporarily from the Anglo-American orbit or as the leader of the new Asian nations will permanently follow an independent middle course between the two great power groups. The interest of the British Foreign Office in this question was seen in its reaction to the Chinese-Indian crisis caused by the Communist thrust into Tibet. Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru disclaims any intention of forming a neutral bloc between Russia and America. Yet he made a tentative effort in that direction even before India was freed, at the Asian Relations Conference in New Delhi in April, 1947.

This article reports on the training programme to be conducted by the Indian Institute of Packaging in Mumbai, India from 7-28 March. The three week program titled "Packaging Technology as Viewed in Developing Countries" is sponsored by World Packaging Organization. Participants from all WPO member countries can apply to participate. The article further reports that the training program is aimed at developing mutual cooperation, networking and exchange of experiences between representatives from developed and developing nations.

The article discusses how countries such as India and China have shown they can move beyond western imitation to homegrown innovation in certain fields, such as telecommunications and information technology. The same is increasingly true of biotechnology, argues a report just published in Nature Biotechnology by a group at the University of Toronto. The study looks at the state of medical biotechnology in six developing countries--Brazil, China, Cuba, Egypt, India and South Africa--and one recently industrialised one, South Korea, to understand what it takes to build a healthy biotech sector. Many of the countries studied, which began investing in biotech in the 1980s, are starting to see the fruits of their labour. The number of scientific papers on health biotechnology published by researchers in Brazil and Cuba, for example, more than tripled between 1991 and 2002. Much of the biotech industry in the developing world is based on copying western innovation. But such generic manufacturing can be a springboard to more innovative activities. India's pharmaceutical firms are playing an important role in the global fight against AIDS by selling generic versions of anti-retroviral drugs at a fraction of the price charged by their western inventors in the rich world. There are plenty of other hurdles that the countries studied in the report need to tackle before their biotech blossoms fully. Brazil needs better links between academia and industry. Egypt's budding biotechnologists are short of cash from both government and private sources. India's regulatory system is slowing down product development. South Africa needs to do more to reverse its brain drain, and train more researchers to boost their ranks.

The article discusses how the countries of Brazil, Russia, India and China (BRICS) have helped poorer nations emerge from the global recession. According to the article, the study "Global Financial Crisis Discussion Paper Synthesis (phase 2)" by Dirk Willem te Velde from the Overseas Development Institute found that emerging powers affect the growth prospects of poorer ones. How the BRICS' deals have affected trade and foreign direct investment from the West to Africa are discussed.

The article discusses development economics and the work that is done by economist Esther Duflo of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) to find ways to help people living in poverty in developing countries. Duflo's method for conducting experiments in economics, similar to methods used in medicine, is described. Her experiments in economics and women's empowerment in the Rajasthan region of India are discussed.

The article discusses the problem of water shortage. India has 20% of the world's population but only 4% of its water, leaving people in New Delhi standing in line to receive a small daily allowance from the government. People in Asia and Africa are digging wells to find water, sometimes hitting arsenic and salt that can forever destroy the source.

Focuses on India's economic potential and Canadian business' interest in India. Grim social situation in Mumbai, India, where an influx of migrants seek economic opportunity in the country's financial center; Details of a Canadian trade mission to India, where available business opportunities were indicated to Canadian businesses; Canada's goal to increase its profile in emerging markets.

The author discusses opportunity in marketing to the poor. There is an invisible market waiting at the bottom of the world economic pyramid--a market of five billion people who live on less than $2 a day. Businesspeople think that the poor cannot afford their products and services, and also assume, naively, that the poor have no use for advanced and emerging technology. In fact, selling to the poor is a uniquely powerful way to achieve breakthroughs in products and management practices: The bottom of the economic pyramid is a sandbox for innovation. In India, China, the Philippines, and other countries, single-serve packs of shampoo, detergents, pickles, tea, aspirin, cookies, matches, and ketchup are common. Fully 60% of the value of all shampoo sold in India is in single-serve packets. They go for about a penny apiece and are a very profitable business not only for global corporations like Unilever and P&G but also for many local firms. Profiting on penny sachets of shampoo is only the start. The markets at the bottom of the economic pyramid force managers to rethink their costs, quality, scale of operations, and use of capital. When Aravind Eye Care set out to provide cataract surgery to the poor in southern India, for example, it knew customers could never afford the $3,000 per procedure that it cost in developed lands. The company devised a system that enables it to provide the surgery for an average of $25 to $30 per procedure. Debt-free and highly profitable, Aravind boasts an annual return on equity of more than 75%.

The article discusses on corruption in medical education in regards to aself-financed and autonomous body created by the Madhya Pradesh, India government to conduct entrance examination for professionalcourses citing examples of many irregularities. The author also adds that the uneven spread of medical colleges is fuelling demand and that corruption in medical education triggers corruption in healthcare systems. Other factors causing corruption include cycle of cost and a skewed ratio.

Suggests that the atrocity in Assam, committed against Moslem immigrants by the Hindus, reveal the contradictions of postcolonial world. Number of fatalities in what news reports called election violence; Ethnic composition of Assam; Opposition of the Hindu population to Prime Minister Indira Gandhi's calls for state and federal elections, which they fear would result in an increase in Moslem representation; Conclusions drawn from the massacre concerning the real conditions of political life in the third world, and their porousness to Western innovations; Nature of nationalism where the idea of the nation competes with the idea of the tribe; Nature of democracy in India.

The article reports on research conducted by economist Esther Duflo and colleagues of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), wherein they applied randomised experiments to determine the best ways to provide foreign aid to impoverished countries. The author examines the potential for this approach to be effective and discusses the application of the scientific method in international development.

The offshore option could cut your costs by 20 percent or more. There is nothing political or philosophical or mystical about the reason for shipping jobs overseas. The fiber-optics glut and low wages in developing countries make it cheaper to answer a call in Manila, Philippines than in Memphis, Tennessee, and the best programmers in Bangalore, India can bang out code as well as the high-priced talent in Sunnyvale, California. But while costs are lower, so is margin for error. U.S. call centers are plagued by turnover, with most phone representatives lasting less than a year. So moving call centers overseas can do more than shave costs. Data entry is perhaps the easiest task to outsource. Infosys, Tata, and Wipro Ltd. dominate the Indian software development market, where 85 percent of all technology outsourcing goes.

(Bloomberg View) -- India Spurns the WTO and That's All Right: Chandrahas Choudhury India was painted as the hijacker of a $1 trillion boost to world trade last week in Geneva after it became the only country at a meeting of the 160-member World Trade Organization to refuse to sign a painstakingly negotiated global Trade Facilitation Agreement. While many of the larger powers in world trade had reason to be aggrieved by India's backtracking, there's not a lot to point to in past WTO negotiations that shows a willingness to expedite policy on the issues flagged by Sitharaman. [Extracted from the article]

The article offers information from Indian entrepreneur Nandan Nilekani about technology and economic conditions in India. He offers personal recollections and information about the business technology company Infosys, the transfer of information and globalization in India, and the use of technology to promote economic development in developing countries.