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It was the end of 2008, October, right before the holiday shopping season. Talk-show host Oprah Winfrey released her highly anticipated Favorite Things list, with the Amazon Kindle topping the gadget category. • This is the moment that the concept of electronic paper, or e-paper, went mainstream. • But this black-and-white, reflective display that always appeared to be on was invented well before the Amazon Kindle made it famous. Its story began a decade earlier, in 1997, at the MIT Media Lab, when it was created by two students, J.D. Albert and Barrett Comiskey, who were inspired by their professor Joseph Jacobson. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

You wake up with a heavy head. Was it the half dozen glasses of champagne last night or are you getting sick? In your bathroom is a little strip of paper that can tell you for sure. You place it on your tongue and after a few seconds, you pull it back to see the bad news: There's a small green dot next to the word "flu." When you fish your doctor's business card out of your wallet, you notice it looks different from the last time you looked at it. The phone number for his office was originally black. Now it's displayed in blinking red letters, a sign that the number was changed recently. The electronics in this scenario are not far off; in fact the basic technological breakthroughs needed to make them work have all been achieved in the past few years. At the moment the costs are still too high for them to be used in things like business cards or package labels, but remarkable advances in materials science and simpler fabrication methods are setting the stage for a whole new breed of cheap, bendable, disposable, and perhaps even recyclable electronics. And some of the most exciting work in this field is happening with paper. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Bad things happen when demand outstrips supply. We learned that lesson too well at the start of the pandemic, when demand for toilet paper, disinfecting wipes, masks, and ventilators outstripped the available supply. Today, chip shortages continue to disrupt the consumer electronics, automobile, and other sectors. Clearly, balancing the supply and demand of goods is critical for a stable, normal, functional society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

These instructions give guidelines for preparing papers for this publication. Presents information for authors publishing in this journal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

These instructions give guidelines for preparing papers for this publication. Presents information for authors publishing in this journal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a filtering power amplifier (PA) with wide bandwidth. A bandpass filter (BPF) using discriminating coupling is first proposed to be utilized as the output matching network (OMN) of PA. Discriminating coupling means that the fundamental and the harmonics of the proposed structure have different coupling coefficients. Thus, the input impedances of the fundamental, second and third harmonics could meet the requirements of the extended continuous mode theory, respectively. Also, good frequency selectivity is obtained. The working principle of discriminating coupling, the filter synthesis theory and the equivalent circuit are utilized to guide the design of the filtering PA. To demonstrate the proposed structure, a compact filtering PA operating at 1.8 GHz is designed. The measured results exhibit good frequency selectivity and high power added efficiency (PAE). More importantly, comparing to the previous filtering power amplifiers (PAs) with good frequency selectivity, the proposed design possesses wide bandwidth of 31.1% with PAE higher than 60%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a digital battery management unit (BMU) with built-in resistance (BIR) compensation, modulated frequency detection (MFD), and multi-mode protection (MMP) techniques to realize fast, efficient and safe charging. The charger incorporates the proposed BMU based on the low-dropout (LDO) regulator. With BIR compensation, a large rated current in the proposed pulsed constant current (PCC) mode charges the battery, and reduces the charging time by omitting the constant-voltage (CV) mode. The MFD technique allows continuous monitoring and obtains precise BIR compensation with accelerating sampling speed. The MMP technique can alleviate safety concerns while charging, including over-voltage protection (OVP), over-current protection (OCP), and the proposed accidental fluctuation protection (AFP). The digital BMU, implemented in 28 nm CMOS, occupies 0.014 mm2 of silicon area. Experimental results show that the proposed circuit saves 73.3% of charging time with 1.5A charging current, and 21.5% ADC dynamic power with 1A charging current. For the digital controller IC, the power consumption is $59.1~\mu \text{W}$. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

THE YEAR IS 2028. IT'S 8 P.M. ON A Wednesday night and you're famished. You're staring wistfully at the only remaining item in your refrigerator: a package of sausages with an unappetizing grayish hue. Ugh. Did they always look like that? Are they still safe to eat? In 2018, you'd have to rely on your sense of smell and take a gamble. But in 2028, you might simply wave your smartphone over the package. The smartphone interrogates the package's embedded sensor, which measures the concentration of gases associated with meat decomposition. The smartphone displays the message "Safe to eat within the next 20 hours," and then offers a list of recipes for cooking with sausages. Too hungry to bother with the recipes, you tear open the package, toss the sausages into a frying pan, and discard the package-along with its sensor technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

These instructions give guidelines for preparing papers for this publication. Presents information for authors publishing in this journal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

These instructions give guidelines for preparing papers for this publication. Presents information for authors publishing in this journal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

These instructions give guidelines for preparing papers for this publication. Presents information for authors publishing in this journal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we are concerned with the finite-time synchronization of a class of inertial neural networks with time delays. Without applying some finite-time stability theorems, which are widely applied to studying the finite-time synchronization for neural networks, by constructing two Lyapunov functions and using integral inequality method, two sufficient conditions on the finite-time synchronization for a class of inertial neural networks with time delays are derived. Considering that the method and research results of the finite-time synchronization are different from some existing works, this paper extends the works on the finite-time synchronization of neural networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fast-growing scientific papers pose the problem of rapidly and accurately finding a list of reference papers for a given manuscript. Citation recommendation is an indispensable technique to overcome this obstacle. In this paper, we propose a citation recommendation approach via mutual reinforcement on a three-layered graph, in which each paper, author or venue is represented as a vertex in the paper layer, author layer, and venue layer, respectively. For personalized recommendation, we initiate the random walk separately for each query researcher. However, this has a high computational complexity due to the large graph size. To solve this problem, we apply a three-layered interactive clustering approach to cluster related vertices in the graph. Personalized citation recommendations are then made on the subgraph, generated by the clusters associated with each researcher’s needs. When evaluated on the ACL anthology network, DBLP, and CiteSeer ML data sets, the performance of our proposed model-based citation recommendation approach is comparable with that of other state-of-the-art citation recommendation approaches. The results also demonstrate that the personalized recommendation approach is more effective than the nonpersonalized recommendation approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

These instructions give guidelines for preparing papers for this publication. Presents information for authors publishing in this journal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we analyze the behavior of stochastic approximation schemes with set-valued maps in the absence of a stability guarantee. We prove that after a large number of iterations, if the stochastic approximation process enters the domain of attraction of an attracting set, it gets locked into the attracting set with high probability. We demonstrate that the above-mentioned result is an effective instrument for analyzing stochastic approximation schemes in the absence of a stability guarantee, by using it to obtain an alternate criterion for convergence in the presence of a locally attracting set for the mean field and by using it to show that a feedback mechanism, which involves resetting the iterates at regular time intervals, stabilizes the scheme when the mean field possesses a globally attracting set, thereby guaranteeing convergence. The results in this paper build on the works of Borkar, Andrieu et al., and Chen et al., by allowing for the presence of set-valued drift functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a digital readout integrated circuit (DROIC) for small pitch medium-wave infrared (MWIR) starring focal plane arrays (FPAs). To overcome the limited in-pixel resolution of such DROICs, the concept of error shaping is introduced in pulse frequency modulation (PFM)-based pixels. Multiple integration operations are performed in a single frame and the residue charge from each integration phase is retained and injected into the next charge packet. This over-integration routine provides a high pass noise transfer function (NTF) equivalent to what is obtained in a first order sigma delta modulator. The concise structure of a PFM analog-to-digital converter (ADC) lends itself well to such an operation inside the pixel, while consuming low power. Along with a theoretical analysis of the technique, a prototype based on a $16\times 16$ array and sinc decimation filters is developed to demonstrate the performance of the proposed DROIC. With an in-pixel resolution of 5 bits and over-integration ratio (OIR) of 128, 395 noise electrons are demonstrated at full-well fill from the test array fabricated in a 90 nm bulk-CMOS process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]