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Keywords: Food Research; Food Science EN Food Research Food Science 201 201 1 07/24/23 20230727 NES 230727 2023 JUL 27 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Food Weekly News -- Investigators publish new report on food science. Keywords for this news article include: University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States, North and Central America, Food Science, Food Research. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Nanjing University in China compared the acceptance time of preprint papers to non-preprint papers in the field of life sciences and biomedical fields. The study found that manuscripts released as preprints before journal submission had significantly shorter acceptance times compared to those without preprints. However, if preprints were posted after submitting to a journal, they did not confer an advantage in terms of acceptance time. The research concluded that preprint papers released before journal submission have an advantage in acceptance time. This research has been peer-reviewed and can be accessed for further information. [Extracted from the article]

This paper presents a complete control architecture for the implementation of adaptive sliding controllers (ASMC) in quadrotors. Aiming into presenting a control solution for real-world scenarios, this paper presents a comparative study evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of the three most common methods to implement adaptive sliding mode controllers in quadrotors. Namely, two of the compared methods aim to reduce the SMC gains to ones that keep the tracking errors inside a user-defined bound, while the third method consists of obtaining the minimal SMC gain which permits the sliding mode to exist. To inspect the compared methods in realistic and harsh conditions, the three controllers are tested far from quasi-static motion and under severe disturbances. The quadrotor was subjected to disturbances such as stabilization under intermittent wind, landing precisely subject to wind-gusts, high-speed trajectory tracking while carrying an unmodeled suspended payload with a center-of-mass offset, and trajectory tracking with a damaged propeller. The performance of the analyzed adaptive sliding mode controllers was also compared to the industrial standard PID controller. Our experimental analysis demonstrates that, in face of such disturbances, one of the analyzed adaptive sliding mode controllers excels when compared to the others, and every ASMC excels when compared to the PID. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A systematic review conducted by researchers at the Odette Cancer Centre in Toronto aimed to assess the use and trends of instrumental variables (IVs) in oncology research. The review analyzed empirical oncology papers that evaluated the comparative effectiveness of cancer treatments using IV methods. The study found limited use and variable quality of IV analyses in oncology, with a modest uptake of IV methods between 2011 and 2021. The researchers concluded that future research should establish standards to improve the quality, transparency, and completeness of IV reporting in oncology. [Extracted from the article]

Domain decomposition method (DDM) is an efficient tool for solving multi-domain problems. Many kinds of DDM have been proposed in literature, such as the d -N alternating method and optimized Schwarz method, etc. The main difference between these methods lies in the transmission conditions on the interfaces between subdomains. Most DDMs have at least one relaxation parameter which must be properly chosen to ensure convergence. To avoid prior determination of a constant relaxation parameter, dynamic relaxation parameters are devised based on error analysis. Another, difficulty of DDM is that special preprocessor has to be used to handle cases where interior cross-points exist among the domains. In dual interpolation boundary face method (DiBFM), boundary integral equation (BIE) is collocated on nodes inside elements, therefore naturally avoids the interior cross-points problem. In this paper, we have implemented some main kinds of DDM in the frame of DiBFM and conducted comparative studies accounting for different interface conditions and relaxation parameters, using examples that involve different topological connections between subdomains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interval-valued fuzzy preference relations (IVFPRs) have been applied to many real-life decision-making problems. However, most definitions of consistency of IVFPRs do not satisfy invariability to compared objects' labels. To overcome this drawback, this paper mainly focuses on the multiplicative consistency analysis of interval-valued fuzzy preference relations (IVFPRs). Firstly, this paper proposes a new multiplicative consistency of complete IVFPRs. It is proved that this new multiplicative consistency is robust and invariable to compared objects' labels. Then, the definition of acceptable incomplete IVFPRs (In-IVFPRs) is presented. To make full use of all direct and indirect evaluations of decision-makers, an algorithm is devised to evaluate the missing elements of an acceptable incomplete In-IVFPR. To comprehensively describe the closeness between any two complete IVFPRs, the total deviation of two complete IVFPRs is defined based on the p -norm of a vector. By minimizing the total deviation of two complete IVFPRs, a programming model is built to determine an interval weight vector from a complete IVFPR. Subsequently, a novel decision-making method with an In-IVFPR is proposed. Lastly, three practical and numerical examples and simulation-based comparative analyses are provided to further validate the practicability and advantages of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to compare the suitability of fractional derivatives in the modelling of practical capacitors. Such suitability refers to ability to provide the analytical capacitance function that matches the experimental ones of each fractional derivative. Design/methodology/approach: The analytical capacitance functions based on various fractional derivatives of both local and nonlocal types including the author's have been derived. The derived capacitance functions have been simulated and compared with the experimental ones of aluminium electrolytic and electrical double layer capacitors (EDLCs). Findings: This paper has found that any local fractional derivative with fractional power law-based relationship with the conventional one is suitable for modelling the aluminium electrolytic capacitor (AEC) by incorporating with the conventional capacitance definition. On the other hand, the author's nonlocal fractional derivatives have been found to be more suitable than the others for modelling the EDLC by incorporating with the revisited definition of capacitance. Originality/value: The proposed comparative analysis has been originally presented in this work. The criterion for local fractional derivative, to be suitable for modelling the AEC, has been found. The nonlocal fractional operators which are most suitable for modelling the EDLC have been derived where the unsuitable one has been pointed out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comfort is one of the most important aspects of clothing. Fabric hand and touch feel along with its warm and cool feeling are very important properties, as a result of which a human can feel comfort or discomfort in various activities and environmental conditions. In this paper, the comfort properties of fabrics made from different man-made cellulosic fibers (MMCF) produce by Birla Cellulose, Mumbai/India, such as viscose, modal and Excel lyocell in comparison to conventional fibers such as cotton and polyester were studied. In the experimental study the most common method, Kawabata evaluation system for fabric (KES-FB), was used to evaluate objective hand-feel of fabrics made from different fibers along with its air-permeability, fabric coolness/warmth (Qmax) and moisture management properties. Analysis of test data demonstrated that the content of fabric significantly influences the comfort properties. Excel fabric showing best total hand value (THV) among all 3 man-made cellulosic fabrics (Excel, modal and viscose) followed by cotton and polyester fabric. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A recent report from the University of Melbourne examines the unique financial conditions in Australia following the COVID-19 pandemic. The study focuses on the speed of interest rate changes and their implications on financial conditions, particularly in an environment characterized by negative real interest rates. The research concludes that rapid interest rate changes significantly impact financial conditions and require careful policy considerations. This study contributes to the literature on Australia's financial conditions and extends the financial conditions index developed by the Reserve Bank of Australia. [Extracted from the article]

At the beginning of the 1950s, an amateur cinema clubs network started developing in Yugoslavia. These cinema clubs soon became centres of experimental films production and development. In order to understand Yugoslav experimental film in a more comprehensive manner, the author of the paper analyses its institutional and production framework at the time and states a thesis about the organized cinema amateurism as an aspect of identity homogeniza- tion of the Yugoslav society. The paper also touches on the relationship between this branch of film making and professional cinema, the discourse presence of which formed the position and (self)awareness of amateur experimentalists to a large extent. The comparative model for the analysis of emancipation and market position of Yugoslav experimental film is the New York City based The Film-Maker’s Cooperative, serving as a model for the attempt to organize Yugoslav experimental film via the JUFIKO initiative (the Yugoslav Film Cooperative). Amateur experimental film is looked at through the optics of commercial activities in the socialist system, opening neo-avant-garde ideological questions and the questions about the discipline to which this film belongs – is it “art” or “film”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to comparatively analyze the electrical circuits defined with the conventional and revisited time domain circuit element definitions in the context of fractional conformable calculus and to promote the combined usage of conventional definitions, fractional conformable derivative and conformable Laplace transform. Design/methodology/approach: The RL, RC, LC and RLC circuits described by both conventional and revisited time domain circuit element definitions has been analyzed by means of the fractional conformable derivative based differential equations and conformable Laplace transform. The comparison among the obtained results and those based on the methodologies adopted in the previous works has been made. Findings: The author has found that the conventional definitions-based solution gives a physically reasonable result unlike its revisited definitions-based counterpart and the solutions based on those previous methodologies. A strong agreement to the time domain state space concept-based solution can be observed. The author has also shown that the scalar valued solution can be directly obtained by singularity free conformable Laplace transform-based methodology unlike such state space concept based one. Originality/value: For the first time, the revisited time domain definitions of resistance and inductance have been proposed and applied together with the revisited definition of capacitance in electrical circuit analyses. The advantage of the combined usage of conventional time definitions, fractional conformable derivative and conformable Laplace transform has been suggested and the impropriety of applying the revisited definitions in circuit analysis has been pointed out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keywords: Health and Medicine; Massage; Musculoskeletal Manipulations EN Health and Medicine Massage Musculoskeletal Manipulations 4060 4060 1 08/07/23 20230811 NES 230811 2023 AUG 11 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Health & Medicine Week -- Data detailed on agriculture have been presented. The purpose of this paper is to compare the advantages of different massage manipulations in the treatment of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation, to understand the characteristics of medical massage manipulations of different ethnic groups, and to expand the ideas of massage for the treatment of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation.". [Extracted from the article]

This paper identifies and analyzes the Confucian ideal of music and applies its principles to music from the American folk revival. Confucius believed that music, unlike ritual, should promote both unity between people and harmony within the individual. He argued that music ought to inspire peace and positive emotions. The Folk Revival promoted togetherness inside the United States. It is best represented by protest anthems emphasizing change and solidarity. Such anthems upheld the Confucian standard for pure music by celebrating economic, racial, and gender diversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work is of both theoretical and tutorial value. Existing autonomous and non-autonomous paradigms are systematized for prescribed- and predefined-time controllers, and the scaling technique is revised for their analysis and synthesis. The fixed-time output feedback design is further developed in the paper under the paradigm with prescribed settling time upper bound. In the numerical study made for a closed-loop perturbed double integrator, pros and cons of the resulting algorithm are revealed and compared with those of prescribed/predefined-time output feedback. Thus, another contribution of the paper is in the exposition of the implementation feasibility for the different-type prescribed-time controllers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keywords: Life Sciences; Medical and Biological Mechanics EN Life Sciences Medical and Biological Mechanics 3703 3703 1 07/17/23 20230721 NES 230721 2023 JUL 21 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Health & Medicine Week -- Current study results on medical and biological mechanics have been published. The paper summarizes the findings of a systematic review on gait measurement methods carried out using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) methodology. [Extracted from the article]

In this paper, we investigate the impact of optimal hyper-parameter configuration in relational topic models. The main goal is to validate the hypothesis that single-objective Bayesian Optimization (BO) can discover a hyper-parameter setting that leads a set of relational topic models to simultaneously ensure good prediction capabilities and significant topics from a qualitative perspective. Our research, as a result of a comparative analysis performed on 7 state-of-the-art models, 5 performance measures and 3 datasets, has highlighted three main findings: (1) the majority of relational topic models are not able to offer a good trade-off between classification capabilities and topic interpretability; (2) single-objective optimization of hyper-parameters, targeted on maximizing the F1-Measure, is able to create topics that are also optimal with respect to the Kullback Leibler divergence measure; (3) the Pareto frontiers across several performance metrics reveals that the most promising trade-off between the performance metrics can be obtained by Constrained Relational Topic Models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Imbalanced classification refers to problems in which there are significantly more instances available for some classes than for others. Such scenarios require special attention because traditional classifiers tend to be biased towards the majority class which has a large number of examples. Different strategies, such as re-sampling, have been suggested to improve imbalanced learning. Ensemble methods have also been proven to yield promising results in the presence of class-imbalance. However, most of them only deal with binary imbalanced datasets. In this paper, we propose a re-sampling approach based on belief function theory and ensemble learning for dealing with class imbalance in the multi-class setting. This technique assigns soft evidential labels to each instance. This evidential modeling provides more information about each object's region, which improves the selection of objects in both undersampling and oversampling. Our approach firstly selects ambiguous majority instances for undersampling, then oversamples minority objects through the generation of synthetic examples in borderline regions to better improve minority class borders. Finally, to improve the induced results, the proposed re-sampling approach is incorporated into an evidential classifier-independent fusion-based ensemble. The comparative study against well-known ensemble methods reveals that our method is efficient according to the G-Mean and F1-score measures, independently from the chosen classifier. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conflict occurs in all aspects of life, and people tend to consider a variety of factors in the face of it and hesitate to make decisions among multiple choices. This paper performs a three-way conflict analysis in the dual hesitant fuzzy case. Firstly, we propose the concept of dual hesitant fuzzy situation tables (DHFSTs). Subsequently, we trisect the pairs of agents and objectively calculate issue weights by CRITIC method rather than subjective assignments. According to Bayesian minimum risk theory, we derive trisection of agents, in which the state set is calculated objectively. Then, we analyze three issue sets through the conflicting characters of issues, which provides a new way to consider the trisection of issues. In addition, we put forward the definition of maximal coalitions in DHFSTs and give an effective calculation method. Finally, we illustrate the feasibility of the proposed model by analyzing the development plan in Gansu Province, and conduct a brief comparative analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After the politicisation of urban water services governance, over a hundred European cities have implemented water services remunicipalisation reforms inspired by the theory of water management as a common. This paper aims to answer questions about the contextual variables that impact the water utility governance processes and the factors that determine the policymakers' choices. In particular, the work reconstructs the water remunicipalisation reforms of Paris (2009) and Naples (2011) with the Process-Tracing method, compares them, evaluates their outcomes and formulates previsions about their continuance. We base the analysis on qualitative data collected by documentary investigations and 27 in-depth interviews with protagonists of the remunicipalisation processes. Despite implementing the same management model, the water remunicipalisation has produced profoundly different governance processes and outcomes. The Parisian remunicipalisation was quick, efficient, almost conflict-free, and produced a slight implementation gap, whereas the Neapolitan one was long, complex, highly conflictual and generated a substantial implementation gap. Contextual variables and actors' behaviour are essential in explaining water policy reform outcomes. The protagonists of analysed reforms have taken decisions based on opportunities and limits defined by their local contexts and the relational systems in which they are historically embedded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The optimization algorithm plays a decisive role in the performance of deep learning models. Nevertheless, the task, the data properties, and the model's architecture directly influence this latter's effectiveness. Hence, analyzing the effect of different optimizers on specific tasks, such as change detection, is very advantageous due to the ambiguity surrounding the method selection. This paper is twofold. First, we investigate the performance of five first-order optimization methods, namely Momentum GD, NAG, AdaGrad, RMSProp, and Adam, in the context of change detection using a U-Net and DenseU-Net architectures for remote sensing images. To the best of our knowledge, no comparative study involving optimization methods has been conducted for change detection. The results reveal that the Adam optimizer is the preferred choice to train a U-Net like architecture for this specific task. Challenges like dataset size and irregular change patterns warrant further exploration and optimization. The second part of this study focuses on a detailed analysis of the Adam optimizer. We specifically examine its sensitivity to both model and data sparsity. To do this, we train several Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model architectures, each with a different degree of sparsity, on several datasets with various levels of sparsity. The experimental results provide valuable insights, showing that the Adam optimizer is more influenced by model sparsity than data sparsity, and suggesting its suitability for effectively training densely connected models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A data-driven method is designed to realize the model-free finite-horizon optimal tracking control (FHOTC) of unknown linear discrete-time systems based on Q-learning in this paper. First, a novel finite-horizon performance index (FHPI) that only depends on the next-step tracking error is introduced. Then, an augmented system is formulated, which incorporates with the system model and the trajectory model. Based on the novel FHPI, a derivation of the augmented time-varying Riccati equation (ATVRE) is provided. We present a data-driven FHOTC method that uses Q-learning to optimize the defined time-varying Q-function. This allows us to estimate the solutions of the ATVRE without the system dynamics. Finally, the validity and features of the proposed Q-learning-based FHOTC method are demonstrated by means of conducting comparative simulation studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the field of intelligent decision making continues to evolve, research on multi-attribute group decision making (MAGDM) is advancing at a steady pace. Nevertheless, existing research seldom addresses the aggregated solution of self-confidence and consensus in decision making information with diverse possibilities, despite its relevance to uncertain decision making environments. Consequently, this paper presents an approach to self-confidence and consensus-based group decision making. Firstly, the method provides a way for transforming three-parameter interval grey numbers into randomized decision making information. This establishes the foundation for the computation of possibility decision making information for uncertain decisions. Then, a method based on self-confidence and consensus is developed to determine the decision makers (DMs) weights, which is derived from the randomized decision making information. Next, a novel self-confidence index (SCI) for computing self-confidence and a new group consensus index (GCI) for computing consensus are demonstrated, and a reliability index (REI) method for randomized decision making information is given, which is used to identify high self-confidence and high consensus decision making information to improve the quality of decisions. Subsequently, a possibility ranking method is constructed based on pairwise comparisons of alternatives, taking into account density preferences, in order to obtain final possibility ranking conclusions. Finally, an illustrative example is provided to illustrate the concrete implementation process of the methods employed in this research. The efficacy of the proposed method is also demonstrated through a comparative analysis with the other methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the increasing influence of digital platforms in shaping consumer behaviors and preferences. Topics include the role of data analytics in targeting marketing strategies, the impact of social media influencers on brand perception, and the shift towards personalized advertising in the digital age.

The news editors obtained a quote from the research from Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences: "The study's theoretical framework draws on scholarship on culturally responsive assessment. According to news originating from Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences by NewsRx correspondents, research stated, "This paper explores and compares student teachers' experiences and perspectives on culturally responsive assessment in compulsory schooling in Denmark and Iceland." Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences Researcher Details New Studies and Findings in the Area of Education (Culturally responsive assessment in compulsory schooling in Denmark and Iceland - An illusion or a reality?. [Extracted from the article]

The news reporters obtained a quote from the research from the University of Western Australia, "In this paper we draw on set-theoretic theory and propose qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) as an analytical method able to complement and extend macromarketing research programs. Keywords: Perth; Australia; Australia and New Zealand; Biological Products; Fuzzy Logic; Health and Medicine; Immunization; Vaccines EN Perth Australia Australia and New Zealand Biological Products Fuzzy Logic Health and Medicine Immunization Vaccines 324 324 1 09/11/23 20230911 NES 230911 2023 SEP 13 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Vaccine Weekly -- Investigators publish new report on Immunization - Vaccines. Perth, Australia, Australia and New Zealand, Biological Products, Fuzzy Logic, Health and Medicine, Immunization, Vaccines. [Extracted from the article]

When dealing with sets of probabilities, distortion or neighbourhood models are convenient practical tools, as they rely on very little parameters. In this paper, we study their behaviour when such models are combined and processed through some reasoning tools. More specifically, we study their behaviour when merging different distortion models quantifying uncertainty on the same quantity, and when manipulating distortion models defined over multiple variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study conducted by Yancheng Teachers University in Jiangsu, China, examined the relationship between job performance, burnout, and psychological counseling among academics. The study found that higher job performance was associated with lower levels of burnout and psychological counseling. The researchers suggested that pre-counseling measures could be implemented to address burnout in the academic field and improve job performance. The study emphasizes the importance of employee competence in preventing burnout and ensuring better performance in higher education. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Xi'an Jiaotong University in Shaanxi, China, compares quantitative PCR (qPCR) and digital PCR (dPCR) technologies in the field of molecular diagnostics. The study examines the foundational theories, capabilities, advances, and limitations of both technologies, and concludes that the choice between qPCR and dPCR depends on factors such as the nature of the sample, the purpose of the study, and practical considerations like cost and operational ease. The researchers aim to provide a guide to help researchers select the optimal PCR-based technique for their assay development. The study has been peer-reviewed and published in TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry. [Extracted from the article]

A report from researchers at Symbiosis International (Deemed University) discusses the significance of traditional Indian textiles, specifically embroidery, in global culture. The study compares two embroidery styles, Hmong embroidery from Thailand and Phulkari of Punjab, analyzing their history, techniques, design, materials, and cultural significance. The research found similarities in the use of colors, cultural significance, and women's art forms between the two crafts, but also noted notable differences. The study emphasizes the importance of preserving these textile arts as part of cultural heritage and highlights the rich diversity of textile traditions worldwide. [Extracted from the article]

A report from the University of Belgrade analyzes the trade performance of selective countries in the European Union and Serbia using multicriteria analysis. The study found that Germany ranks first in trade performance, followed by France, Italy, Hungary, Greece, Croatia, Slovenia, Austria, Serbia, Bulgaria, and Romania. The research also highlights the importance of factors such as digitization, economic climate, foreign direct investments, and the Covid-19 pandemic in influencing trade performance. The study concludes that adequate control and digitization of business processes are key factors in achieving target profits. [Extracted from the article]

Algorithms, Anemia, Health and Medicine, Hematologic Diseases and Conditions, Hemic and Lymphatic Diseases and Conditions Keywords: Algorithms; Anemia; Health and Medicine; Hematologic Diseases and Conditions; Hemic and Lymphatic Diseases and Conditions EN Algorithms Anemia Health and Medicine Hematologic Diseases and Conditions Hemic and Lymphatic Diseases and Conditions 180 180 1 05/29/23 20230530 NES 230530 2023 JUN 1 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Hematology Week -- Fresh data on anemia are presented in a new report. [Extracted from the article]

Objective. To determine the relative risk of a lethal outcome associated with chronic degenerative conditions in patients with COVID-19. Methods. A cohort study was conducted using electronic medical records belonging to patients who tested positive for COVID-19 on RT-PCR while receiving care as outpatients or inpatients in a social security system facility between March 2020 and March 2021. Two study groups were formed. The exposed group was divided into four subgroups, each of which was diagnosed with one and only one chronic condition (diabetes, hypertension, obesity, or chronic kidney disease); the unexposed group was obtained from the medical records of patients without comorbidities. A total of 1 114 medical records were examined using simple random sampling. Once the minimum sample size was reached, the relative risk was calculated for each chronic condition. Combinations of two, three, and four conditions were created, and each of them was included in the analysis. Results. In the absence of a chronic degenerative condition, the prevalence of a lethal outcome from COVID-19 is 3.8%; in the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, 15.8%; in the presence of arterial hypertension, 15.6%; and in the presence of obesity, 15.0%. For diabetes and hypertension combined, the prevalence of a lethal outcome is 54.1%; for diabetes and obesity combined, 36.8%, and for obesity and hypertension combined, 28.1%. Conclusion. In patients with COVID-19, the relative risk of a lethal outcome is 4.17 for those with diabetes, 4.13 for those with hypertension, and 3.96 for those with obesity. For two chronic conditions combined, the relative risk doubles or triples. The relative risk of a lethal outcome is 14.27 for diabetes plus hypertension; 9.73 for diabetes plus obesity, and 7.43 for obesity plus hypertension. Chronic conditions do not present alone; they generally occur together, hence the significance of the relative risks for lethal outcomes presented in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To evaluate, using semiparametric methodologies of survival analysis, the relationship between covariates and time to death of patients with breast cancer, as well as the determination discriminatory power in the conditional inference tree of patients who had cancer. Methods. A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data collected from medical records of women who had breast cancer and underwent treatment between 2005 and 2015 at the Hospital da Fundação de Assistencial da Paraíba in Campina Grande, State of Paraiba, Brazil. Survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, Cox regression, and conditional decision tree. Results. Women with triple-negative molecular subtypes had a shorter survival time compared to women with positive hormone receptors. The addition of hormone therapy reduced the risk of a patient dying by 5.5%, and the risk of a HER2-positive patient dying was 34.5% lower compared to those who were negative for this gene. Patients undergoing hormone therapy had a median survival time of 4 753 days. Conclusions. This paper shows a favorable scenario for the use of immunotherapy for patients with HER2 overexpression. Further studies could assess the effectiveness of immunotherapy in patients with other conditions, to favor the prognosis and better quality of life for the patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new report discusses research on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in diagnosing gallbladder disease. The study emphasizes the importance of early and accurate diagnosis for effective medical treatment. The report provides an overview of AI approaches, such as machine learning and deep learning, that can enhance diagnostic precision, speed, and efficiency. The research concludes that further investigations and algorithm development could improve diagnostic results and patient outcomes. The study was conducted by researchers from the University of Sfax in Tunisia. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the University of Oradea in Romania conducted a study on the chemical treatment of fibers in different types of mattress covers. The study compared an antibacterial mattress cover, a hospital-use mattress cover, and a hypoallergenic mattress cover. The researchers found that the finishing treatments varied depending on the intended use of the materials, with hospital-use covers lacking preservatives and not being washed, while hypoallergenic covers became more beautiful and qualitative with each wash. The study used a machine called the Squeezing Pader Machine of Tai Ping Yang to perform the treatments. For more information, readers can refer to the research article published in the Annals of the University of Oradea: Fascicle of Textiles, Leatherwork. [Extracted from the article]

In practical multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) problems, it is common to utilize heterogeneous representation forms to express distinct preference information for different experts, primarily due to their diverse backgrounds. To address the problem of reducing information loss from the aggregation of experts' opinions in heterogeneous MAGDM as well as improving the interpretability of the decision-making process, this paper introduces a concept lattice-based heterogeneous MAGDM approach. The heterogeneous multi-expert formal context is first proposed to capture the heterogeneous evaluation information of alternatives provided by different experts. Then, extended multi-expert concept lattices are constructed to aggregate evaluation information of alternatives by different experts. In this case, all concepts are considered to minimize information loss during the aggregation process. Second, to obtain more reasonable decision results, the distance between the concept intents and the heterogeneous positive and negative ideal solutions is considered, and the alternatives are ranked based on this measure. In addition, the MAGDM process for each alternative is visualized using the extended multi-expert concept lattices. This representation aids in identifying key concepts, their interdependencies, and the overall impact on the decision result. Finally, numerical examples and comparative analysis validate the validity and rationality of the proposed approach in heterogeneous MAGDM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study conducted by researchers from the University of Medicine in Targu Mures, Romania compared the immediate postoperative pain experienced by patients who underwent classical (open) surgery versus laparoscopic surgery for the treatment of inguinal hernias. The study included 80 patients and found that both types of surgery were similar in terms of pain outcomes. The researchers also observed a higher prevalence of elderly patients in both surgery groups. The choice of treatment should be based on factors such as the type of hernia, the patient's age, comorbidities, and economic considerations. [Extracted from the article]

A new report from researchers at the Department of Artificial Intelligence in Valencia, Spain explores the effects of color normalization (CN) on Content-Based Histopathological Image Retrieval (CBHIR) in the context of breast cancer diagnosis. CBHIR is a search technique that uses visual content and histopathological features of whole-slide images to assist pathologists in diagnosing cancer. The study found that using CN as a pre-processing step improved the accuracy of the CBHIR framework by 14%, reaching an accuracy of 97% compared to working with the original images. This research has important implications for improving the performance of CBHIR tools in hospitals with varying staining protocols. [Extracted from the article]

Extracellular senile plaques and intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles are two devastating brain proteinopathies that are indicative of Alzheimerʼs disease, the most prevalent type of dementia. Currently, no effective medications are available to stop or reverse Alzheimerʼs disease. Ginkgo biloba extract, commonly referred to as EGb 761, is a natural product made from the leaves of the G. biloba tree. It has long been demonstrated to have therapeutic benefits in Alzheimerʼs disease. The current study assessed the beneficial effects of EGb 761 against Alzheimerʼs disease in comparison with memantine, a standard treatment for Alzheimerʼs disease. The scopolamine-heavy metals mixture rat Alzheimerʼs disease model is a newly created model to study the effects of EGb 761 oral therapy on cognitive performance and other Alzheimerʼs disease-like changes over a 28-day experimental period. This new Alzheimerʼs disease model provides better criteria for Alzheimerʼs disease hallmarks than the conventional scopolamine model. The EGb 761 reversed memory and learning deficits induced by the scopolamine-heavy metals mixture. These outcomes were linked to a more pronounced inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase, caspase-3, hippocampal amyloid-beta protein (A β 1 – 42), phosphorylated tau protein counts, and proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor- α and interleukin-1 β) compared to the memantine-treated group. Furthermore, EGb 761 treatment considerably reduced lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) and improved reduced glutathione levels compared to memantine. Our results suggest EGb 761′s potential in treating central nervous system disorders. Itʼs a promising candidate for future Alzheimerʼs disease therapeutic exploration. This study also highlights the need for future research to focus on the positive benefits of herbal medicines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current issue of the American Journal of Psychiatry focuses on the interactions between alcohol use, cannabis use, substance use disorders (SUDs) and other psychiatric illnesses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the International Islamic University Malaysia examines the interconnectedness between Bond and Sukuk markets in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries. The study utilizes the TVP-VAR extended joint connectedness method and analyzes data from January 2020 to October 2023, including significant global events such as the COVID-19 pandemic, the Russia-Ukraine war, and the Israeli-Palestinian war. The results indicate a 73% interconnectedness between the bond and sukuk markets in both regions, with MENA acting as transmitters and GCC as receivers. The study suggests that sukuk in GCC and MENA may be an attractive option for diversified assets compared to bonds and highlights the impact of structural changes and market dynamics during the crisis period. The research aims to contribute to the global economic and financial literature and provide policy insights to manage risks and improve financial system resilience in GCC and MENA countries. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at AMITY University Uttar Pradesh in Noida, India, aimed to evaluate the performance of deep learning networks in classifying skin lesions. The study used a dataset of 10,154 images from ISIC 2018 and compared the accuracy of fourteen different deep learning networks. The results showed that DenseNet201 performed the best with an accuracy of 0.825, improving the classification of multiple skin diseases. The study concluded that these findings could contribute to the development of an efficient automated classification model for skin lesions. [Extracted from the article]

When dealing with large-scale group decision-making problems, the central emphasis lies in the objective and rational acquisition of a collective opinion acceptable to the majority of decision makers. Manipulative and overconfident behaviours are two common behaviours that make the decision results deviate from the objective facts in the decision-making process. To manage manipulative and overconfident behaviours in decision-making, this paper investigated a novel consensus model based on social networks. A novel efficient clustering model is first proposed in the model, in which the subgroups' combined cohesion is considered. Furthermore, for the manipulative behaviour of decision makers, we proposed an improved method for the identification and management based on trust relationships. In the consensus reaching process, we proposed a new identification mechanism to promote consensus reaching effectively. In the feedback mechanism, the social network DeGroot model is employed to adjust the opinions of decision makers. Moreover, a management approach is proposed for the overconfident behaviour of decision makers in the social network DeGroot model. Lastly, the feasibility and applicability of the proposed model are verified by an illustrative example. Simulation experiments and comparative analysis demonstrate the effectiveness of the model in facilitating consensus reaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to news originating from the Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia by NewsRx correspondents, research stated, "Producing research articles requires clearly, logically, rationally, and empirically substantiating complicated ideas. Keywords: Asia; Education; Health and Medicine; Social Science EN Asia Education Health and Medicine Social Science 1386 1386 1 10/30/23 20231103 NES 231103 2023 NOV 3 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Health & Medicine Week -- New research on education is the subject of a new report. [Extracted from the article]

Our news reporters obtained a quote from the research from Dunarea de Jos University: "Three metal skeletons of dental crowns made of Co-Cr-Mo alloy were developed by three different technologies: classical casting, milling and selective laser melting. Keywords: Dentistry; Health and Medicine; Oral Health; Oral Rehabilitation; Technology EN Dentistry Health and Medicine Oral Health Oral Rehabilitation Technology 4510 4510 1 10/24/23 20231027 NES 231027 2023 OCT 27 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Health & Medicine Week -- Fresh data on oral rehabilitation are presented in a new report. Keywords for this news article include: Dunarea de Jos University, Dentistry, Technology, Oral Health, Health and Medicine, Oral Rehabilitation. [Extracted from the article]

Gnaphalium affine is traditionally used to treat hyperuricemia and gout in China. Recently, the hypouricemic and renal protective effects of G. affine extract (GAD) have been deeply evaluated. However, little is known about the pharmacokinetics (PKs) of bioactive constituents in GAD. This study is aimed at investigating the individual and holistic pharmacokinetics of 10 bioactive components (including caffeic acid, caffeoylquinic acids, and flavonoids) in rats after single and multiple administrations of GAD. GAD is orally dosed to normal male rats at doses of 225, 450, or 900 mg/kg/day for 10 consecutive days and also orally administrated to uric acid nephropathy (UAN) rats at a dose of 900 mg/kg/day for 28 consecutive days. Integrated PKs of multiple components are calculated by area under the curve (AUC)-based weighting approach. All the components show a double-peak phenomenon in terms of their plasma concentration-time curves, suggesting that the components undergo enterohepatic circulation. The integrated AUC increases in a good dose-proportional manner with GAD dose. Compared with that in normal rats, the plasma exposure of caffeic acid and caffeoylquinic acids increases by 2.3- to 4.3-fold after 10-day chronic treatment of 900 mg/kg GAD in UAN rats. Modest drug accumulation is observed after 28-day chronic treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Findings - Findings revealed a significant difference between the two learning environments in both subject areas. Keywords: Education; Elementary Education EN Education Elementary Education 1033 1033 1 07/17/23 20230721 NES 230721 2023 JUL 23 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Medical Letter on the CDC & FDA -- Investigators publish new report on education. [Extracted from the article]