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X-ray binaries hosting a compact object have been among the main targets of the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) since its launch, due to their high brightness in the 2-8 keV energy band. The spectropolarimetric analysis performed so far has proved to be of great importance in providing constraints on the accretion geometry of these systems. However, the data statistics is not enough to unambiguously disentangle the contribution of the single components to the net observed polarimetric signal. In this work, we aim to present a model for computing the polarization degree and polarization angle of the boundary layer around weakly magnetized neutron stars in low-mass X-ray binaries in the soft state. The main motivation is to provide strong theoretical support to data interpretation of observations performed by IXPE or future satellites for X-ray polarimetry. The results were obtained by modeling the boundary layer as an equatorial belt around the compact object and locally approximating it as a plane-parallel scattering atmosphere, for which the associated radiative transfer equation for polarized radiation in the Thomson limit was solved. The polarimetric quantities were then transformed from the comoving frame to the observer frame using the numerical methods formerly developed for X-ray pulsars. For typical values of the optical depth and electron temperature of the boundary layer of these systems in a soft state, the polarization degree was less then 0.5\%, while the polarization angle was rotated by $\protect \la 5^{\circ}$ with respect to the neutron star spin axis due to special and general relativistic effects for fast rotation, the amount progressively decreasing for lower spin frequencies. The derived quantities can be used to remove degeneracy when multicomponent spectropolarimetry is performed., Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in A&A

Automotive RADAR (RAdio Detection and Ranging) systems have emerged as a key technology for enabling advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) and autonomous driving. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the performance of automotive RADAR systems for object detection and tracking, with a focus on identifying key factors that impact system performance. The study includes a review of the state-of-the-art RADAR system architectures and signal processing algorithms used in automotive applications, followed by a detailed analysis of system performance under different environmental conditions. We also evaluate the impact of environmental factors such as weather conditions, terrain, and interference from other sources on RADAR system performance. Our findings demonstrate that while RADAR technology offers significant advantages over other sensing modalities, there are still significant challenges that must be addressed to achieve high levels of accuracy and reliability in object detection and tracking. We identify key areas for future research, including the development of advanced signal processing algorithms and the integration of multiple sensing modalities for improved object detection and tracking. Overall, this paper provides a valuable contribution to the field of automotive RADAR systems by presenting a comprehensive analysis of system performance under environmental conditions and identifying key areas for future research and development.

Context. In September 2022, the transient neutron star low-mass X-ray binary XTE J1701-462 went into a new outburst. Aims. The objective of this work is to examine the evolution of the accretion geometry of XTE J1701-462 by studying the spectro-polarimetric properties along the Z track of this source. The simultaneous observations archived by the Insight-Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (HXMT) and the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) give us the opportunity. Methods. We present a comprehensive X-ray spectro-polarimetric analysis of XTE J1701-462, using simultaneous observations from IXPE, Insight-HXMT and NuSTAR. For IXPE observations, two methods are employed to measure the polarization: a model-independent measurement with PCUBE and a model-dependent polarization-spectral analysis with XSPEC. The corresponding spectra from Insight-HXMT and NuSTAR are studied with two configurations that correspond to a slab-like corona and a spherical shell-like corona, respectively. Results. Significant polarization characteristics are detected in XTE J1701-462. The polarization degree shows a decreasing trend along the Z track, reducing from (4.84 $\pm$ 0.37)% to (3.76 $\pm$ 0.43)% on the horizontal branch and jumping to less than 1% on the normal branch. The simultaneous spectral analysis from Insight-HXMT and NuSTAR suggests that the redistribution between the thermal and Comptonized emission could be the reason for the PD evolution along the Z track. Based on the correlated spectro-polarimetric properties, we propose that this source likely has a slab coronal geometry and the size/thickness of the corona decreases along the Z track.

The sense of touch is fundamental to how we interact with the physical and digital world. Conventional interactive surfaces and tactile interfaces use electronic sensors embedded into objects, however this approach poses serious challenges both for environmental sustainability and a future of truly ubiquitous interaction systems where information is encoded into everyday objects. In this work, we present Biodegradable Interactive Materials: backyard-compostable interactive interfaces that leverage information encoded in material properties. Inspired by natural systems, we propose an architecture that programmatically encodes multidimensional information into materials themselves and combines them with wearable devices that extend human senses to perceive the embedded data. We combine unrefined biological matter from plants and algae like chlorella with natural minerals like graphite and magnetite to produce materials with varying electrical, magnetic, and surface properties. We perform in-depth analysis using physics models, computational simulations, and real-world experiments to characterize their information density and develop decoding methods. Our passive, chip-less materials can robustly encode 12 bits of information, equivalent to 4096 unique classes. We further develop wearable device prototypes that can decode this information during touch interactions using off-the-shelf sensors. We demonstrate sample applications such as customized buttons, tactile maps, and interactive surfaces. We further demonstrate the natural degradation of these interactive materials in degrade outdoors within 21 days and perform a comparative environmental analysis of the benefits of this approach.

This work aims to develop an integrated control strategy for Brushless Direct Current Motors for a wide range of applications in robotics systems. The controller is suited for both high torque - low speed and high-speed control of the motors. Hardware validation is done by developing a custom BLDC drive system, and the circuit elements are optimised for power efficiency., Comment: 6 Pages, 8 figures, 1 table

Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) is an approach to developing the technical, policy and investment conditions to achieve sustainable agricultural development for food security under climate change. multiple cropping systems using crop rotations or intercropping, growing of nitrate catch crops, growing of deep rooting crops following harvest of short duration and shallow rooting crops like vegetables,. winter wheat with deep rooting nature, high n demand and high n harvest index, crop livestock integration system, climate hardy crops such as pigeon pea, chickpea,inetnsive integrated farming systems, relay mixed cropping and lots of more systems have been time tested to be climate smart practices. Adoption of such cropping system strategy could substantially reduce offset the ill effects of climate vagaries. Pulse crops are also popular for their suitability in different cropping systems, owing to their short–life cycle. Development of large number of high yielding cultivars of crops with varying maturity duration and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, have made it possible to include them in irrigated crop sequence as well. Legume–based cropping systems can transform the rural livelihoods by overcoming the production constraints largely experienced over the decades due to cereal–based production systems and bring farmers I the league of defending boldily any vagaries of the nature.. Several conferences deliberated on such issues and number of lead papers were submitted in some of the conferences such as PRAGATI,ICFA,DISHA,ARISE,RAINFED etc. conducted during 2015 to 2018. The idea to bring out the entire edited chapters in the form a book was long felt and stressed upon by the eminent speakers and contributors.

For a wide range of issues in the production of food, fibre, and energy that the expanding global population faces, understanding the fundamental ideas of CELL BIOLOGY, GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING is crucial. Graduate students in the Plant Breeding, Genetics and Genomics programme receive training in a variety of subjects, including breeding, biotechnology, molecular biology, plant physiology, biochemistry, and genetics. We support interdisciplinary education that offers thorough preparation for careers in research and instruction in genetics, plant biology, and related fields. The students will be able to: • Distinguish prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and design the model of a cell.• Explain the organization of a eukaryotic chromosome and the structure of genetic material.• Demonstrate techniques to observe the cell and its components under a microscope.• Discuss the basics of Mendelian genetics, its variations and interpret inheritance of traits in living beings.• Elucidate the role of extra-chromosomal genetic material for inheritance of characters.• Evaluate the structure, function and regulation of genetic material.• Understand the application of principles and modern techniques in plant breeding.• Explain the procedures of selection and hybridization for improvement of crops.

Background Medication synchronization (med-sync) aligns patients’ monthly or quarterly chronic medications to a predetermined single pickup date at a community pharmacy. The study objective was to examine med-sync enrollment disparities based on Medicare beneficiaries’ predisposing, enabling, and need characteristics. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study using a Medicare dataset of beneficiaries receiving medications from pharmacies that self-identified as providing med-sync. Medicare beneficiaries who were continuously enrolled in fee-for-service medical and pharmacy benefits during the study period (2014–2016) were included. Study cohorts (med-sync and non–med-sync patients) were defined, and bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. Andersen’s Health Services Utilization Model guided our inclusion of predisposing, enabling, and need characteristics to examine for association with med-sync enrollment. Results A total of 170,180 beneficiaries were included, of which 13,193 comprised the med-sync cohort and 156,987 comprised the non–med-sync cohort. Bivariate logistic regression analysis revealed statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) in cohorts based on age, geographic region, type of residence, number of unique chronic medications, comorbidities, outpatient visits, and inpatient hospitalizations. Beneficiaries had higher odds of being enrolled in med-sync with increasing age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.003 [95% CI 1.001–1.005]) and if they resided in the Northeast (AOR 1.094 [95% CI 1.018–1.175]), South (AOR 1.109 [95% CI 1.035–1.188]), and West (AOR 1.113 [95% CI 1.020–1.215]) than those in the Midwest. Beneficiaries residing in nonmetro areas had lower odds of enrollment (AOR 0.914 [95% CI 0.863–0.969]) than those in metro areas. Beneficiaries with previous fewer inpatient hospitalizations (AOR 0.945 [95% CI 0.914–0.977]) were more likely to be enrolled, and those with more outpatient visits (AOR 1.003 [95% CI 1

We introduce SANPO, a large-scale egocentric video dataset focused on dense prediction in outdoor environments. It contains stereo video sessions collected across diverse outdoor environments, as well as rendered synthetic video sessions. (Synthetic data was provided by Parallel Domain.) All sessions have (dense) depth and odometry labels. All synthetic sessions and a subset of real sessions have temporally consistent dense panoptic segmentation labels. To our knowledge, this is the first human egocentric video dataset with both large scale dense panoptic segmentation and depth annotations. In addition to the dataset we also provide zero-shot baselines and SANPO benchmarks for future research. We hope that the challenging nature of SANPO will help advance the state-of-the-art in video segmentation, depth estimation, multi-task visual modeling, and synthetic-to-real domain adaptation, while enabling human navigation systems. SANPO is available here: https://google-research-datasets.github.io/sanpo_dataset, Comment: 10 pages plus additional references. 13 figures

Background Medication synchronization (med-sync) aligns patients’ monthly or quarterly chronic medications to a predetermined single pickup date at a community pharmacy. The study objective was to examine med-sync enrollment disparities based on Medicare beneficiaries’ predisposing, enabling, and need characteristics. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study using a Medicare dataset of beneficiaries receiving medications from pharmacies that self-identified as providing med-sync. Medicare beneficiaries who were continuously enrolled in fee-for-service medical and pharmacy benefits during the study period (2014–2016) were included. Study cohorts (med-sync and non–med-sync patients) were defined, and bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. Andersen’s Health Services Utilization Model guided our inclusion of predisposing, enabling, and need characteristics to examine for association with med-sync enrollment. Results A total of 170,180 beneficiaries were included, of which 13,193 comprised the med-sync cohort and 156,987 comprised the non–med-sync cohort. Bivariate logistic regression analysis revealed statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) in cohorts based on age, geographic region, type of residence, number of unique chronic medications, comorbidities, outpatient visits, and inpatient hospitalizations. Beneficiaries had higher odds of being enrolled in med-sync with increasing age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.003 [95% CI 1.001–1.005]) and if they resided in the Northeast (AOR 1.094 [95% CI 1.018–1.175]), South (AOR 1.109 [95% CI 1.035–1.188]), and West (AOR 1.113 [95% CI 1.020–1.215]) than those in the Midwest. Beneficiaries residing in nonmetro areas had lower odds of enrollment (AOR 0.914 [95% CI 0.863–0.969]) than those in metro areas. Beneficiaries with previous fewer inpatient hospitalizations (AOR 0.945 [95% CI 0.914–0.977]) were more likely to be enrolled, and those with more outpatient visits (AOR 1.003 [95% CI 1

The present study analyzed 441 global publications on library management and administration indexed in Scopus database. Very few bibliometric studies were found on varies aspects of library management but not as whole library management and administration which made author to analyze globally. Methods and Martials: The data was analyzed using biblioshiny app, presented three fold relation viz, authors, countries and keywords, authors and source impact, word count and word growth with thematic presentation and collaborative network of documents. Findings: The highest contribution in library management and administration research is published in the form of journal articles and the publications are steadily growing. The top 10 most productive countries were identified and USA topped the list with highest publication (108) followed by China (81) and India (74). The top cited countries includes UK (404), USA (178) and India (138). The prolific authors were Bissels G. Shatte A., Holdsworth J., Liu Y., Rousseau R. Information management, digital management, management tools and systems are the some trending topics. Conclusion: very few studies were found on the library management and administration globally compared to the past decades which is much needed aspect in the present digital world. We are finding separate management techniques for digital content, for library staff and content management and so on but one need to understand that all these aspects comes under one roof called library, so there is need to find the framework or system or tool or technique to manage library as a whole.

The differential rear axles, wheels, and bearings are all part of the inner axle housing assembly, which also comprises the differential rear axles. The differential is a set of gears that links the propeller shaft to the rear axles. Worm gear speed reducers are made up of the phrase’s "gearbox" and "speed reducer," which in the area of power transmission and motion control are interchangeable. Gearboxes are used for torque multiplication and speed decrease. When discussing gearboxes, the phrase "gear reducer" is also widely used. Simply described, this is a gearbox (or speed reduction, or gear reducer) with a motor placed directly to the input. A gearbox with a worm and worm-wheel is much smaller than one with conventional spur gears and has its drive axes at 90 degrees to one other. For each 360° round of the worm with a single start worm, the Only one tooth of the gear is advanced by worm-gear. All differential components are built and modelled in this study under structural conditions. The necessary information is gleaned from a journal article. Catia V5 is used for modelling and assembly. Solid Works is used for modelling and assembly. All parts must be supplied with full drawings. The project's major goal is to concentrate on the mechanical design and contact analysis of gear assembly in gearboxes when they transfer power at different speeds of 2500 rpm and 5000 rpm. Cast iron and cast steel are the most often utilized materials nowadays. Structural Analysis is also used to validate the design by altering the materials used for gears, such as Cast Iron and Aluminium Alloy. The analysis is carried out to determine the optimal material for the gears in the gear box at greater speeds, taking into account stress, displacement, and weight reduction.

Accommodation Price Prediction is used to estimate the variably changing house prices. Since housing price is strongly correlated with factors such as location, area, population and it requires other information apart from to predict individual housing price. The problem faced by the customers in finding houses has been an issue of all time and is increasing due to malpractices by the builders and construction companies which tends to problem for customer only. There has been a considerably large number of papers adopting traditional machine learning approaches to predict housing prices accurately, but they are less concerned about the performance of individual models and neglect the less popular yet complex models. This model takes in consideration of the varies datapoints and modulates it through the various machine learning algorithms like linear regression model and convolution neural networks which checks the image recognition and converts to data and recognition of image points. The dataset developed gets validated through the regression algorithm and gives a prediction to maximum accuracy and efficiency.

Accommodation Price Prediction is used to estimate the variably changing house prices. Since housing price is strongly correlated with factors such as location, area, population and it requires other information apart from to predict individual housing price. The problem faced by the customers in finding houses has been an issue of all time and is increasing due to malpractices by the builders and construction companies which tends to problem for customer only. There has been a considerably large number of papers adopting traditional machine learning approaches to predict housing prices accurately, but they are less concerned about the performance of individual models and neglect the less popular yet complex models. This model takes in consideration of the varies datapoints and modulates it through the various machine learning algorithms like linear regression model and convolution neural networks which checks the image recognition and converts to data and recognition of image points. The dataset developed gets validated through the regression algorithm and gives a prediction to maximum accuracy and efficiency.

The differential rear axles, wheels, and bearings are all part of the inner axle housing assembly, which also comprises the differential rear axles. The differential is a set of gears that links the propeller shaft to the rear axles. Worm gear speed reducers are made up of the phrase’s "gearbox" and "speed reducer," which in the area of power transmission and motion control are interchangeable. Gearboxes are used for torque multiplication and speed decrease. When discussing gearboxes, the phrase "gear reducer" is also widely used. Simply described, this is a gearbox (or speed reduction, or gear reducer) with a motor placed directly to the input. A gearbox with a worm and worm-wheel is much smaller than one with conventional spur gears and has its drive axes at 90 degrees to one other. For each 360° round of the worm with a single start worm, the Only one tooth of the gear is advanced by worm-gear. All differential components are built and modelled in this study under structural conditions. The necessary information is gleaned from a journal article. Catia V5 is used for modelling and assembly. Solid Works is used for modelling and assembly. All parts must be supplied with full drawings. The project's major goal is to concentrate on the mechanical design and contact analysis of gear assembly in gearboxes when they transfer power at different speeds of 2500 rpm and 5000 rpm. Cast iron and cast steel are the most often utilized materials nowadays. Structural Analysis is also used to validate the design by altering the materials used for gears, such as Cast Iron and Aluminium Alloy. The analysis is carried out to determine the optimal material for the gears in the gear box at greater speeds, taking into account stress, displacement, and weight reduction.

Accommodation Price Prediction is used to estimate the variably changing house prices. Since housing price is strongly correlated with factors such as location, area, population and it requires other information apart from to predict individual housing price. The problem faced by the customers in finding houses has been an issue of all time and is increasing due to malpractices by the builders and construction companies which tends to problem for customer only. There has been a considerably large number of papers adopting traditional machine learning approaches to predict housing prices accurately, but they are less concerned about the performance of individual models and neglect the less popular yet complex models. This model takes in consideration of the varies datapoints and modulates it through the various machine learning algorithms like linear regression model and convolution neural networks which checks the image recognition and converts to data and recognition of image points. The dataset developed gets validated through the regression algorithm and gives a prediction to maximum accuracy and efficiency.

Accommodation Price Prediction is used to estimate the variably changing house prices. Since housing price is strongly correlated with factors such as location, area, population and it requires other information apart from to predict individual housing price. The problem faced by the customers in finding houses has been an issue of all time and is increasing due to malpractices by the builders and construction companies which tends to problem for customer only. There has been a considerably large number of papers adopting traditional machine learning approaches to predict housing prices accurately, but they are less concerned about the performance of individual models and neglect the less popular yet complex models. This model takes in consideration of the varies datapoints and modulates it through the various machine learning algorithms like linear regression model and convolution neural networks which checks the image recognition and converts to data and recognition of image points. The dataset developed gets validated through the regression algorithm and gives a prediction to maximum accuracy and efficiency.

The differential rear axles, wheels, and bearings are all part of the inner axle housing assembly, which also comprises the differential rear axles. The differential is a set of gears that links the propeller shaft to the rear axles. Worm gear speed reducers are made up of the phrase’s "gearbox" and "speed reducer," which in the area of power transmission and motion control are interchangeable. Gearboxes are used for torque multiplication and speed decrease. When discussing gearboxes, the phrase "gear reducer" is also widely used. Simply described, this is a gearbox (or speed reduction, or gear reducer) with a motor placed directly to the input. A gearbox with a worm and worm-wheel is much smaller than one with conventional spur gears and has its drive axes at 90 degrees to one other. For each 360° round of the worm with a single start worm, the Only one tooth of the gear is advanced by worm-gear. All differential components are built and modelled in this study under structural conditions. The necessary information is gleaned from a journal article. Catia V5 is used for modelling and assembly. Solid Works is used for modelling and assembly. All parts must be supplied with full drawings. The project's major goal is to concentrate on the mechanical design and contact analysis of gear assembly in gearboxes when they transfer power at different speeds of 2500 rpm and 5000 rpm. Cast iron and cast steel are the most often utilized materials nowadays. Structural Analysis is also used to validate the design by altering the materials used for gears, such as Cast Iron and Aluminium Alloy. The analysis is carried out to determine the optimal material for the gears in the gear box at greater speeds, taking into account stress, displacement, and weight reduction.

BackgroundStarting in November 2020, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued Emergency Use Authorizations (EUAs) for multiple novel virus-neutralizing monoclonal antibody therapies, including bamlanivimab monotherapy (now revoked), bamlanivimab and etesivimab, casirivimab and imdevimab (REGEN-COV), and sotrovimab, for treatment or postexposure prophylaxis of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in adolescents (≥12 years of age) and adults with certain high-risk conditions. Previous guidance is now updated based on new evidence and clinical experience.MethodsA panel of experts in pediatric infectious diseases, pediatric infectious diseases pharmacotherapy, and pediatric critical care medicine from 18 geographically diverse US institutions was convened. Through a series of teleconferences and web-based surveys, a guidance statement was developed and refined based on a review of the best available evidence and expert opinion.ResultsThe course of COVID-19 in children and adolescents is typically mild, though more severe disease is occasionally observed. Evidence supporting risk stratification is incomplete. Randomized controlled trials have demonstrated the benefit of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific monoclonal antibody therapies in adults, but data on safety and efficacy in children or adolescents are limited. Potential harms associated with infusion reactions or anaphylaxis are reportedly low in adults.ConclusionsBased on evidence available as of August 31, 2021, the panel suggests a risk-based approach to administration of SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibody therapy. Therapy is suggested for the treatment of mild to moderate COVID-19 in adolescents (≥12 years of age) at the highest risk of progression to hospitalization or severe disease. Therapeutic decision-making about those at moderate risk of severe disease should be individualized. Use as postexposure prophylaxis could be considered for those at the highest risk who h

Carbamazepine is a first-line antiepileptic drug (AED) used for the treatment of partial and tonic-clonic seizures. We conducted an open label, balanced, randomized, two-treatment, two-sequence, four-period, single oral dose, full-replicate crossover study to assess and compare the  bioequivalence of  test  product  Carbamazepine extended release tablets USP 400 mg with reference  product Tegretol®-XR 400 mg (Carbamazepine extended release tablets), respectively in  healthy subjects under fasting and fed conditions. Blood samples were collected pre-dose and at regular intervals post-dose up to 240.00 hours. The plasma concentration was analyzed by a validated LC-MS/MS method and the reference-scaled and the unscaled procedure was used to determine bioequivalence for the pharmacokinetics parameters, Cmax, AUC0–t, AUC0-inf, Tmax, T½, Kel and AUC extrapolated was calculated. The results showed that the geometric mean ratios of Cmax, AUC0–t and AUC0-inf were 113.04%, 108.33% and 108.15% respectively, in the fasting conditions and 113.99%, 110.13% and 111.41%, respectively, in the fed conditions and the 90% confidence intervals were all within the range of 80.00% to 125.00%. It can be concluded from the result that the test product Carbamazepine extended release tablets based on osmotic release system (OROS) are bioequivalent to the reference product Tegretol®-XR tablets. Keywords:  Bioequivalence, Carbamazepine, Sodium Channel Modulators and Epilepsy

BACKGROUND: There are few rigorous studies comparing quality of tuberculosis (TB) care in public versus private sectors. METHODS: We used standardised patients (SPs) to measure technical quality and patient experience in a sample of private and public facilities in Mumbai. RESULTS: SPs presented a classic, suspected TB scenario and a recurrence or drug-resistance scenario. In the private sector, SPs completed 643 interactions. In the public sector, 164 interactions. Outcomes included indicators of correct management, medication use and client experience. Public providers used microbiological testing (typically, microscopy) more frequently, in 123 of 164 (75%; 95% CI 68% to 81%) vs 223 of 644 interactions (35%; 95% CI 31% to 38%) in the private sector. Private providers were more likely to order chest X-rays, in 556 of 639 interactions (86%; 95% CI 84% to 89%). According to national TB guidelines, we found higher proportions of correct management in the public sector (75% vs 35%; (adjusted) difference 35 percentage points (pp); 95% CI 25 to 46). If X-rays were considered acceptable for the first case but drug-susceptibility testing was required for the second case, the private sector correctly managed a slightly higher proportion of interactions (67% vs 51%; adjusted difference 16 pp; 95% CI 7 to 25). Broad-spectrum antibiotics were used in 76% (95% CI 66% to 84%) of the interactions in public hospitals, and 61% (95% CI 58% to 65%) in private facilities. Costs in the private clinics averaged rupees INR 512 (95% CI 485 to 539); public facilities charged INR 10. Private providers spent more time with patients (4.4 min vs 2.4 min; adjusted difference 2.0 min; 95% CI 1.2 to 2.9) and asked a greater share of relevant questions (29% vs 43%; adjusted difference 13.7 pp; 95% CI 8.2 to 19.3). CONCLUSIONS: While the public providers did a better job of adhering to national TB guidelines (especially microbiological testing) and offered less expensive care, private sector provid

In this paper, a combined control strategy with extended state observer (ESO) and finite time stable tracking differentiator (FTSTD) has been proposed to perform flexion and extension motion repetitively and accurately in the sagittal plane for shoulder and elbow joints. The proposed controller improves the tracking accuracy, performs state estimation, and actively rejects disturbance. A sinusoidal trajectory as an input has been given to a two-link multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) upper limb robotic rehabilitation exoskeleton (ULRRE) for a passive rehabilitation purpose. The efficacy of the controller has been tested with the help of performance indices such as integral time square error (ITSE), integral square error (ISE), integral time absolute error (ITAE), and integral of the absolute magnitude of error (IAE). The system model is obtained through the Euler–Lagrangian method, and the controller’s stability is also given. The proposed controller has been simulated for ±20% parameter variation with constant external disturbances to test the disturbance rejection ability and robustness against parametric uncertainties. The proposed controller has been compared with already developed ESO-based methods such as active disturbance rejection control (ADRC), nonlinear active disturbance rejection control (NLADRC), and improved active disturbance rejection control (I-ADRC). It has been found that the proposed method increases tracking performance, as evidenced by the above performance indices.

Temporal Point Processes (TPP) are probabilistic generative frameworks. They model discrete event sequences localized in continuous time. Generally, real-life events reveal descriptive information, known as marks. Marked TPPs model time and marks of the event together for practical relevance. Conditioned on past events, marked TPPs aim to learn the joint distribution of the time and the mark of the next event. For simplicity, conditionally independent TPP models assume time and marks are independent given event history. They factorize the conditional joint distribution of time and mark into the product of individual conditional distributions. This structural limitation in the design of TPP models hurt the predictive performance on entangled time and mark interactions. In this work, we model the conditional inter-dependence of time and mark to overcome the limitations of conditionally independent models. We construct a multivariate TPP conditioning the time distribution on the current event mark in addition to past events. Besides the conventional intensity-based models for conditional joint distribution, we also draw on flexible intensity-free TPP models from the literature. The proposed TPP models outperform conditionally independent and dependent models in standard prediction tasks. Our experimentation on various datasets with multiple evaluation metrics highlights the merit of the proposed approach.

Learning image representations on decentralized data can bring many benefits in cases where data cannot be aggregated across data silos. Softmax cross entropy loss is highly effective and commonly used for learning image representations. Using a large number of classes has proven to be particularly beneficial for the descriptive power of such representations in centralized learning. However, doing so on decentralized data with Federated Learning is not straightforward as the demand on FL clients' computation and communication increases proportionally to the number of classes. In this work we introduce federated sampled softmax (FedSS), a resource-efficient approach for learning image representation with Federated Learning. Specifically, the FL clients sample a set of classes and optimize only the corresponding model parameters with respect to a sampled softmax objective that approximates the global full softmax objective. We examine the loss formulation and empirically show that our method significantly reduces the number of parameters transferred to and optimized by the client devices, while performing on par with the standard full softmax method. This work creates a possibility for efficiently learning image representations on decentralized data with a large number of classes under the federated setting., Comment: 15 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables and 1 algorithm

In classical federated learning, the clients contribute to the overall training by communicating local updates for the underlying model on their private data to a coordinating server. However, updating and communicating the entire model becomes prohibitively expensive when resource-constrained clients collectively aim to train a large machine learning model. Split learning provides a natural solution in such a setting, where only a small part of the model is stored and trained on clients while the remaining large part of the model only stays at the servers. However, the model partitioning employed in split learning introduces a significant amount of communication cost. This paper addresses this issue by compressing the additional communication using a novel clustering scheme accompanied by a gradient correction method. Extensive empirical evaluations on image and text benchmarks show that the proposed method can achieve up to $490\times$ communication cost reduction with minimal drop in accuracy, and enables a desirable performance vs. communication trade-off.

Carbamazepine is a first-line antiepileptic drug (AED) used for the treatment of partial and tonic-clonic seizures. We conducted an open label, balanced, randomized, two-treatment, two-sequence, four-period, single oral dose, full-replicate crossover study to assess and compare the  bioequivalence of  test  product  Carbamazepine extended release tablets USP 400 mg with reference  product Tegretol®-XR 400 mg (Carbamazepine extended release tablets), respectively in  healthy subjects under fasting and fed conditions. Blood samples were collected pre-dose and at regular intervals post-dose up to 240.00 hours. The plasma concentration was analyzed by a validated LC-MS/MS method and the reference-scaled and the unscaled procedure was used to determine bioequivalence for the pharmacokinetics parameters, Cmax, AUC0–t, AUC0-inf, Tmax, T½, Kel and AUC extrapolated was calculated. The results showed that the geometric mean ratios of Cmax, AUC0–t and AUC0-inf were 113.04%, 108.33% and 108.15% respectively, in the fasting conditions and 113.99%, 110.13% and 111.41%, respectively, in the fed conditions and the 90% confidence intervals were all within the range of 80.00% to 125.00%. It can be concluded from the result that the test product Carbamazepine extended release tablets based on osmotic release system (OROS) are bioequivalent to the reference product Tegretol®-XR tablets. Keywords:  Bioequivalence, Carbamazepine, Sodium Channel Modulators and Epilepsy

Stator stamping hydraulic machine is different from the conventional stamping machine, in which the system is quicker and gives highest productivity. Stator have the number of slot on outside perimeter. And number of teeth on inside perimeter. Winding is fitted in the teeth. And the winding which fill inside the stator called as field winding, where the winding field inside the rotor called as armature winding. These stamping has to come in exact and accurate position. If they are not in accurate position then the winding can't fill inside the stator as well as rotor also. The slot are use to make the exact position of those stamping. Hydraulic operated stator stamping machine is use to make the stator stamping combination with exact and accurate position. This machine use hydraulic system to make it possible. Hydraulic system use in this machine is conventional hydraulic system. This hydraulic system use number of cylinder to complete the operation. The stator stamping combination is generated in single working stroke. The stator is produced by punching and stamped with stamp punching mode .This system gives accurately placed winding position by holding stator in properly design clamps. The system working done with the help of hydraulic actuators and high pressure hydraulic oil. The stamping starts by placing number of stator over a mandrel. The hydraulic operated stator stamping machine gives more stator stamping in single stroke of operation. Conventional method uses hydraulic presses and manual invention, which results in more noise and time consuming operation. and it reduces production rate because in single stroke of operation it cannot completed the whole stator stamping combination .So for this hydraulic operated special purpose stator stamping machine is more beneficial and higher productive.

In the todays agriculture scenario it is always observed that requirement of labours for seasonal work is in demand but there is always shortage for the labours in farm during the weeding and insecticides spraying operations. This is the main cause to decrease the productivity of crop.As per the general observation it is proven that 50-60% of productivity of crop is decreased as because of different weeds. By this machine we are capable to do the weeding operation within less time and less man power as compared to the conventional method of weeding. The machine is electrically driven using the battery pack.

Stator stamping hydraulic machine is different from the conventional stamping machine, in which the system is quicker and gives highest productivity. Stator have the number of slot on outside perimeter. And number of teeth on inside perimeter. Winding is fitted in the teeth. And the winding which fill inside the stator called as field winding, where the winding field inside the rotor called as armature winding. These stamping has to come in exact and accurate position. If they are not in accurate position then the winding can't fill inside the stator as well as rotor also. The slot are use to make the exact position of those stamping. Hydraulic operated stator stamping machine is use to make the stator stamping combination with exact and accurate position. This machine use hydraulic system to make it possible. Hydraulic system use in this machine is conventional hydraulic system. This hydraulic system use number of cylinder to complete the operation. The stator stamping combination is generated in single working stroke. The stator is produced by punching and stamped with stamp punching mode .This system gives accurately placed winding position by holding stator in properly design clamps. The system working done with the help of hydraulic actuators and high pressure hydraulic oil. The stamping starts by placing number of stator over a mandrel. The hydraulic operated stator stamping machine gives more stator stamping in single stroke of operation. Conventional method uses hydraulic presses and manual invention, which results in more noise and time consuming operation. and it reduces production rate because in single stroke of operation it cannot completed the whole stator stamping combination .So for this hydraulic operated special purpose stator stamping machine is more beneficial and higher productive.

An ideal solar absorber surface coating must have good optical properties like high solar absorptance with minimum solar emittance. Development of new coating is fabricated by embedding metallic particles composed of a nickelaluminium (NiAl) alloy into the black paint as well as solar selective black nickel-cobalt (NiCo) electroplating on aluminium alloys with nickel undercoat is done. Characterization of such solar selective surface coatings are done and compared with commercial black paint. A new and affordable solar selective surface coating having higher solar absorption efficiency with low in-frared emittance compared to the commercial black paint coating used in most ordinary solar water heating systems has been developed. Characterization of coating includes Optical properties studies of coatings, Surface morphology and XRD studies, and solar water heater performance with new coatings.

The labours working in production industry, restaurants, assembly work they will get tired after couple of hours. Standing for many hours causes muscular pain and leads to increase the body stress. As like this, the people suffering from the knee disorders such as “Arthritis” have to sit where they needed. For that reason concept of comfortable support is introduced. In previous researches for this concept pneumatic support and hydraulic system were used. In this project we are replacing pneumatic support and hydraulic system by spring support and mechanical linkages; such that it will reduce the cost and weight of the support. This support will help to increase the human health and comfort. It will allow the patients of “Arthritis” to sit and get up easily. We will also work to make it economical

The labours working in production industry, restaurants, assembly work they will get tired after couple of hours. Standing for many hours causes muscular pain and leads to increase the body stress. As like this, the people suffering from the knee disorders such as “Arthritis” have to sit where they needed. For that reason concept of comfortable support is introduced. In previous researches for this concept pneumatic support and hydraulic system were used. In this project we are replacing pneumatic support and hydraulic system by spring support and mechanical linkages; such that it will reduce the cost and weight of thesupport.This support will help to increase the human health and comfort. It will allow the patients of “Arthritis” to sit and get up easily. We will also work to make it economical.

In the todays agriculture scenario it is always observed that requirement of labours for seasonal work is in demand but there is always shortage for the labours in farm during the weeding and insecticides spraying operations. This is the main cause to decrease the productivity of crop.As per the general observation it is proven that 50-60% of productivity of crop is decreased as because of different weeds. By this machine we are capable to do the weeding operation within less time and less man power as compared to the conventional method of weeding. The machine is electrically driven using the battery pack.

Moving person detection andtracking and detectionusing color features is the initialstep in biometric system and video surveillance. The main purposeof our system is to detect the object, track the object and identify the predominantcolor by using moving or static camera. Here we track object, detect and recognized the object using RGB layer matrix and PCA(Principal Component Analysis) algorithm. This is done by the virtueof “Matlab 2015a”software. To detect the color RGB layer matrix algorithm is used. The famous approach is used to convert RGB frame into HSV( Hue Saturation Value) and extract the pixels value and R,G,B by subtracting reference value minus threshold value. The facial realization system uses PCA. In PCA every image is a sum of products of each quantity time constantsof eigen vectors which are called as eigen faces. Eigen faces obtained from Co-variance matrix.

Power electronics is considered as one of the toughand important subject in electrical engineering.Authors have observed the university results of various engineering colleges in Pune University and concluded that, there is huge scope for improvement.Authors have decided to carry out experimentationwith the students of electrical engineering department by implementation of various teaching methodologiesat Marathwada Mitra Mandal’s College of Engineering (M.M.C.O.E.)Karvenagar, Savitribai Phule Pune University (SPPU).The experiment was carried out for first two units of power electronics as per thecurriculum of SPPUand with 60 students. The authors have tried the best to conclude with the results showing the effective teaching methods in power electronics.

Stator stamping hydraulic machine is different from the conventional stamping machine, in which the system is quicker and gives highest productivity. Stator have the number of slot on outside perimeter. And number of teeth on inside perimeter. Winding is fitted in the teeth. And the winding which fill inside the stator called as field winding, where the winding field inside the rotor called as armature winding. These stamping has to come in exact and accurate position. If they are not in accurate position then the winding can't fill inside the stator as well as rotor also. The slot are use to make the exact position of those stamping. Hydraulic operated stator stamping machine is use to make the stator stamping combination with exact and accurate position. This machine use hydraulic system to make it possible. Hydraulic system use in this machine is conventional hydraulic system. This hydraulic system use number of cylinder to complete the operation. The stator stamping combination is generated in single working stroke. The stator is produced by punching and stamped with stamp punching mode .This system gives accurately placed winding position by holding stator in properly design clamps. The system working done with the help of hydraulic actuators and high pressure hydraulic oil. The stamping starts by placing number of stator over a mandrel. The hydraulic operated stator stamping machine gives more stator stamping in single stroke of operation. Conventional method uses hydraulic presses and manual invention, which results in more noise and time consuming operation. and it reduces production rate because in single stroke of operation it cannot completed the whole stator stamping combination .So for this hydraulic operated special purpose stator stamping machine is more beneficial and higher productive.

Stator stamping hydraulic machine is different from the conventional stamping machine, in which the system is quicker and gives highest productivity. Stator have the number of slot on outside perimeter. And number of teeth on inside perimeter. Winding is fitted in the teeth. And the winding which fill inside the stator called as field winding, where the winding field inside the rotor called as armature winding. These stamping has to come in exact and accurate position. If they are not in accurate position then the winding can't fill inside the stator as well as rotor also. The slot are use to make the exact position of those stamping. Hydraulic operated stator stamping machine is use to make the stator stamping combination with exact and accurate position. This machine use hydraulic system to make it possible. Hydraulic system use in this machine is conventional hydraulic system. This hydraulic system use number of cylinder to complete the operation. The stator stamping combination is generated in single working stroke. The stator is produced by punching and stamped with stamp punching mode .This system gives accurately placed winding position by holding stator in properly design clamps. The system working done with the help of hydraulic actuators and high pressure hydraulic oil. The stamping starts by placing number of stator over a mandrel. The hydraulic operated stator stamping machine gives more stator stamping in single stroke of operation. Conventional method uses hydraulic presses and manual invention, which results in more noise and time consuming operation. and it reduces production rate because in single stroke of operation it cannot completed the whole stator stamping combination .So for this hydraulic operated special purpose stator stamping machine is more beneficial and higher productive.

An ideal solar absorber surface coating must have good optical properties like high solar absorptance with minimum solar emittance. Development of new coating is fabricated by embedding metallic particles composed of a nickelaluminium (NiAl) alloy into the black paint as well as solar selective black nickel-cobalt (NiCo) electroplating on aluminium alloys with nickel undercoat is done. Characterization of such solar selective surface coatings are done and compared with commercial black paint. A new and affordable solar selective surface coating having higher solar absorption efficiency with low in-frared emittance compared to the commercial black paint coating used in most ordinary solar water heating systems has been developed. Characterization of coating includes Optical properties studies of coatings, Surface morphology and XRD studies, and solar water heater performance with new coatings.

An ideal solar absorber surface coating must have good optical properties like high solar absorptance with minimum solar emittance. Development of new coating is fabricated by embedding metallic particles composed of a nickelaluminium (NiAl) alloy into the black paint as well as solar selective black nickel-cobalt (NiCo) electroplating on aluminium alloys with nickel undercoat is done. Characterization of such solar selective surface coatings are done and compared with commercial black paint. A new and affordable solar selective surface coating having higher solar absorption efficiency with low in-frared emittance compared to the commercial black paint coating used in most ordinary solar water heating systems has been developed. Characterization of coating includes Optical properties studies of coatings, Surface morphology and XRD studies, and solar water heater performance with new coatings.

An ideal solar absorber surface coating must have good optical properties like high solar absorptance with minimum solar emittance. Development of new coating is fabricated by embedding metallic particles composed of a nickelaluminium (NiAl) alloy into the black paint as well as solar selective black nickel-cobalt (NiCo) electroplating on aluminium alloys with nickel undercoat is done. Characterization of such solar selective surface coatings are done and compared with commercial black paint. A new and affordable solar selective surface coating having higher solar absorption efficiency with low in-frared emittance compared to the commercial black paint coating used in most ordinary solar water heating systems has been developed. Characterization of coating includes Optical properties studies of coatings, Surface morphology and XRD studies, and solar water heater performance with new coatings.

In the todays agriculture scenario it is always observed that requirement of labours for seasonal work is in demand but there is always shortage for the labours in farm during the weeding and insecticides spraying operations. This is the main cause to decrease the productivity of crop.As per the general observation it is proven that 50-60% of productivity of crop is decreased as because of different weeds. By this machine we are capable to do the weeding operation within less time and less man power as compared to the conventional method of weeding. The machine is electrically driven using the battery pack.

Stator stamping hydraulic machine is different from the conventional stamping machine, in which the system is quicker and gives highest productivity. Stator have the number of slot on outside perimeter. And number of teeth on inside perimeter. Winding is fitted in the teeth. And the winding which fill inside the stator called as field winding, where the winding field inside the rotor called as armature winding. These stamping has to come in exact and accurate position. If they are not in accurate position then the winding can't fill inside the stator as well as rotor also. The slot are use to make the exact position of those stamping. Hydraulic operated stator stamping machine is use to make the stator stamping combination with exact and accurate position. This machine use hydraulic system to make it possible. Hydraulic system use in this machine is conventional hydraulic system. This hydraulic system use number of cylinder to complete the operation. The stator stamping combination is generated in single working stroke. The stator is produced by punching and stamped with stamp punching mode .This system gives accurately placed winding position by holding stator in properly design clamps. The system working done with the help of hydraulic actuators and high pressure hydraulic oil. The stamping starts by placing number of stator over a mandrel. The hydraulic operated stator stamping machine gives more stator stamping in single stroke of operation. Conventional method uses hydraulic presses and manual invention, which results in more noise and time consuming operation. and it reduces production rate because in single stroke of operation it cannot completed the whole stator stamping combination .So for this hydraulic operated special purpose stator stamping machine is more beneficial and higher productive.

The labours working in production industry, restaurants, assembly work they will get tired after couple of hours. Standing for many hours causes muscular pain and leads to increase the body stress. As like this, the people suffering from the knee disorders such as “Arthritis” have to sit where they needed. For that reason concept of comfortable support is introduced. In previous researches for this concept pneumatic support and hydraulic system were used. In this project we are replacing pneumatic support and hydraulic system by spring support and mechanical linkages; such that it will reduce the cost and weight of thesupport.This support will help to increase the human health and comfort. It will allow the patients of “Arthritis” to sit and get up easily. We will also work to make it economical.

The labours working in production industry, restaurants, assembly work they will get tired after couple of hours. Standing for many hours causes muscular pain and leads to increase the body stress. As like this, the people suffering from the knee disorders such as “Arthritis” have to sit where they needed. For that reason concept of comfortable support is introduced. In previous researches for this concept pneumatic support and hydraulic system were used. In this project we are replacing pneumatic support and hydraulic system by spring support and mechanical linkages; such that it will reduce the cost and weight of the support. This support will help to increase the human health and comfort. It will allow the patients of “Arthritis” to sit and get up easily. We will also work to make it economical

The labours working in production industry, restaurants, assembly work they will get tired after couple of hours. Standing for many hours causes muscular pain and leads to increase the body stress. As like this, the people suffering from the knee disorders such as “Arthritis” have to sit where they needed. For that reason concept of comfortable support is introduced. In previous researches for this concept pneumatic support and hydraulic system were used. In this project we are replacing pneumatic support and hydraulic system by spring support and mechanical linkages; such that it will reduce the cost and weight of the support. This support will help to increase the human health and comfort. It will allow the patients of “Arthritis” to sit and get up easily. We will also work to make it economical

The labours working in production industry, restaurants, assembly work they will get tired after couple of hours. Standing for many hours causes muscular pain and leads to increase the body stress. As like this, the people suffering from the knee disorders such as “Arthritis” have to sit where they needed. For that reason concept of comfortable support is introduced. In previous researches for this concept pneumatic support and hydraulic system were used. In this project we are replacing pneumatic support and hydraulic system by spring support and mechanical linkages; such that it will reduce the cost and weight of thesupport.This support will help to increase the human health and comfort. It will allow the patients of “Arthritis” to sit and get up easily. We will also work to make it economical.

Moving person detection andtracking and detectionusing color features is the initialstep in biometric system and video surveillance. The main purposeof our system is to detect the object, track the object and identify the predominantcolor by using moving or static camera. Here we track object, detect and recognized the object using RGB layer matrix and PCA(Principal Component Analysis) algorithm. This is done by the virtueof “Matlab 2015a”software. To detect the color RGB layer matrix algorithm is used. The famous approach is used to convert RGB frame into HSV( Hue Saturation Value) and extract the pixels value and R,G,B by subtracting reference value minus threshold value. The facial realization system uses PCA. In PCA every image is a sum of products of each quantity time constantsof eigen vectors which are called as eigen faces. Eigen faces obtained from Co-variance matrix.

In the todays agriculture scenario it is always observed that requirement of labours for seasonal work is in demand but there is always shortage for the labours in farm during the weeding and insecticides spraying operations. This is the main cause to decrease the productivity of crop.As per the general observation it is proven that 50-60% of productivity of crop is decreased as because of different weeds. By this machine we are capable to do the weeding operation within less time and less man power as compared to the conventional method of weeding. The machine is electrically driven using the battery pack.