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The aim of this research is to document the experience of social work intervention experienced by women heading single-mother families in Zaragoza. We used qualitative research to analyse semi-structured interviews with 13 women forced to seek help from social services due to unemployment and/or earning less than the national minimum wage. These interviews were carried out within the framework of a broader investigation regarding mothers heading single-mother families with diverse origins, entry routes into single-motherhood and financial circumstances. The findings from the interviews revealed experiences and perceptions ranging from highly positive to highly negative, indicating striking levels of heterogeneity in professional social work interventions. As well as giving these women a voice to express their opinion on their experiences of social intervention, this research analyses those experiences from the perspective of feminist social work. The research confirms a clear risk of infantilizing and pathologizing applicants, in addition to a panorama in which social work professionals appear to succumb to bureaucratization, limited resources and ethical dilemmas, significantly undermining their professional practice. At the other extreme certain professional practices and highly positive experiences of support and empowerment reflected the fact that financial aid and benefits are a right. In the context of such a diverse reality, it is proposed to incorporate into social work practice methodologies with a gender and/or feminist perspective that provide mothers with satisfactory responses to requested interventions. There is also a need for training plans that underline a positive feminist vision of single-mother families as an example of responsibility and resilience in family care and support, as well as placing value on the opportunities for transformation that these families represent for women and society., El objetivo de esta investigación ha sido documentar la experiencia de intervención del Trabajo Social vivida por mujeres al frente de familias monomarentales de Zaragoza. Mediante una investigación cualitativa, se han analizado las entrevistas semiestructuradas de 13 mujeres cuya situación laboral de desempleo y/o nivel de ingresos inferior al SMI les había obligado a solicitar ayuda a los servicios sociales. Estas entrevistas fueron realizadas dentro del marco de una investigación más amplia sobre madres de familias monomarentales con procedencias, rutas de entrada en la monomarentalidad y situación económica diversas. Dentro de los hallazgos revelados por las entrevistas seleccionadas, destaca la disparidad de experiencias y percepciones sobre la atención recibida, que oscilan entre situaciones muy positivas y experiencias muy negativas, indicando una heterogeneidad notable de la intervención de las profesionales del Trabajo Social. Además de ser altavoz para estas mujeres y plasmar su opinión sobre la intervención social recibida, esta investigación analiza sus experiencias desde la óptica del Trabajo Social Feminista. Por un lado, se confirma un riesgo claro de infantilización y patologización de las demandantes y, por otro lado, un escenario en el que las profesionales del TS parecen sucumbir a la burocratización, limitación de recursos y dilemas éticos, degradando notablemente su práctica profesional. En el otro extremo, nos encontramos con prácticas profesionales, así como experiencias de acompañamiento y empoderamiento, muy positivas, en las que se transmite que las ayudas económicas y prestaciones son un derecho. Ante esta realidad tan dispar, se propone incorporar a la práctica del Trabajo Social metodologías con perspectiva de género y/o feminista que aporten el grado de satisfacción de estas madres con la intervención solicitada. Asimismo, se necesitan planes de formación que subrayen una visión feminista positiva de las familias monomarentales, como ej

Producción Científica, This work examines whether the increase of single parenthood in Italy and Spain, specifically amongst women in an unfavourable socioeconomic position, has repercussions for child well-being, understood here as material deprivation. In particular, our main objective is to analyse the possible differential impact of single parenthood on children’s material deprivation in relation to mothers’ level of education. Using the 2014 EU-SILC Module on material deprivation, we identify five areas of child deprivation based on the EU-MODA approach: nutrition, clothing, education, leisure, and social life. In the case of Italy, our main results indicate that, compared to children from two-parent households, children of single mothers with a low level of education have a higher risk of nutrition and clothing deprivation. In Spain, living in a single-parent household is associated with a higher risk of deprivation in terms of social life for those children whose mothers do not have a high level of education. Therefore, the findings suggest that in both countries the growth of single parenthood amongst women with a lower educational level may have an impact on child well-being inequality. This article contributes empirical data to the growing literature on the rise of child poverty in Southern European countries., Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (RTI2018-099666-B-I00), Publicación en abierto financiada por el Consorcio de Bibliotecas Universitarias de Castilla y León (BUCLE), con cargo al Programa Operativo 2014ES16RFOP009 FEDER 2014-2020 DE CASTILLA Y LEÓN, Actuación:20007-CL - Apoyo Consorcio BUCLE

This dissertation has contributed to the literature by looking at the effect of growing up in a single-parent family during childhood and adolescence on adolescents’ involvement in delinquency. More specifically, it investigated whether different types of single-parent families have different effects, and whether these effects depend on parental involvement in crime. These relationships were investigated by means of a systematic review based on empirical literature and three empirical studies based on Dutch population register data provided by Statistics Netherlands. This dissertation has shown that 1) there is a positive relation between experiencing the start of a single-parent family as a child or adolescent and the engagement in crime during adolescence, 2) there is a higher likelihood for offspring born to a single parent to engage in crime, followed by offspring with separated parents and offspring experiencing parental death, 3) there is a higher likelihood for offspring to engage in crime when the single-parent family starts at a younger age compared to a later age or when children grow up with only a biological mother, both for sons and daughters, compared to only a biological father, 4) there is a short-term increase of adolescent delinquency after a parental separation and an anticipatory reduction in adolescent delinquency before a parental death, and 5) in certain family situations, generally a parental separation that leads to living with the parent who does not engage in criminal behavior appears to reduce the risk of offspring engaging in crime. Overall, this dissertation underscores the importance of researching the effects of single-parent families on the offspring, because growing up in a single-parent family influences the future of the offspring with regard to their delinquent behavior. To be able to obtain a complete image about the effects of growing up in a single-parent family and adolescent delinquency, it is very important to continue to p

Producción Científica, This work examines whether the increase of single parenthood in Italy and Spain, specifically amongst women in an unfavourable socioeconomic position, has repercussions for child well-being, understood here as material deprivation. In particular, our main objective is to analyse the possible differential impact of single parenthood on children’s material deprivation in relation to mothers’ level of education. Using the 2014 EU-SILC Module on material deprivation, we identify five areas of child deprivation based on the EU-MODA approach: nutrition, clothing, education, leisure, and social life. In the case of Italy, our main results indicate that, compared to children from two-parent households, children of single mothers with a low level of education have a higher risk of nutrition and clothing deprivation. In Spain, living in a single-parent household is associated with a higher risk of deprivation in terms of social life for those children whose mothers do not have a high level of education. Therefore, the findings suggest that in both countries the growth of single parenthood amongst women with a lower educational level may have an impact on child well-being inequality. This article contributes empirical data to the growing literature on the rise of child poverty in Southern European countries., Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (RTI2018-099666-B-I00), Publicación en abierto financiada por el Consorcio de Bibliotecas Universitarias de Castilla y León (BUCLE), con cargo al Programa Operativo 2014ES16RFOP009 FEDER 2014-2020 DE CASTILLA Y LEÓN, Actuación:20007-CL - Apoyo Consorcio BUCLE

Producción Científica, This work examines whether the increase of single parenthood in Italy and Spain, specifically amongst women in an unfavourable socioeconomic position, has repercussions for child well-being, understood here as material deprivation. In particular, our main objective is to analyse the possible differential impact of single parenthood on children’s material deprivation in relation to mothers’ level of education. Using the 2014 EU-SILC Module on material deprivation, we identify five areas of child deprivation based on the EU-MODA approach: nutrition, clothing, education, leisure, and social life. In the case of Italy, our main results indicate that, compared to children from two-parent households, children of single mothers with a low level of education have a higher risk of nutrition and clothing deprivation. In Spain, living in a single-parent household is associated with a higher risk of deprivation in terms of social life for those children whose mothers do not have a high level of education. Therefore, the findings suggest that in both countries the growth of single parenthood amongst women with a lower educational level may have an impact on child well-being inequality. This article contributes empirical data to the growing literature on the rise of child poverty in Southern European countries., Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (RTI2018-099666-B-I00), Publicación en abierto financiada por el Consorcio de Bibliotecas Universitarias de Castilla y León (BUCLE), con cargo al Programa Operativo 2014ES16RFOP009 FEDER 2014-2020 DE CASTILLA Y LEÓN, Actuación:20007-CL - Apoyo Consorcio BUCLE

Producción Científica, This work examines whether the increase of single parenthood in Italy and Spain, specifically amongst women in an unfavourable socioeconomic position, has repercussions for child well-being, understood here as material deprivation. In particular, our main objective is to analyse the possible differential impact of single parenthood on children’s material deprivation in relation to mothers’ level of education. Using the 2014 EU-SILC Module on material deprivation, we identify five areas of child deprivation based on the EU-MODA approach: nutrition, clothing, education, leisure, and social life. In the case of Italy, our main results indicate that, compared to children from two-parent households, children of single mothers with a low level of education have a higher risk of nutrition and clothing deprivation. In Spain, living in a single-parent household is associated with a higher risk of deprivation in terms of social life for those children whose mothers do not have a high level of education. Therefore, the findings suggest that in both countries the growth of single parenthood amongst women with a lower educational level may have an impact on child well-being inequality. This article contributes empirical data to the growing literature on the rise of child poverty in Southern European countries., Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (RTI2018-099666-B-I00), Publicación en abierto financiada por el Consorcio de Bibliotecas Universitarias de Castilla y León (BUCLE), con cargo al Programa Operativo 2014ES16RFOP009 FEDER 2014-2020 DE CASTILLA Y LEÓN, Actuación:20007-CL - Apoyo Consorcio BUCLE

This dissertation has contributed to the literature by looking at the effect of growing up in a single-parent family during childhood and adolescence on adolescents’ involvement in delinquency. More specifically, it investigated whether different types of single-parent families have different effects, and whether these effects depend on parental involvement in crime. These relationships were investigated by means of a systematic review based on empirical literature and three empirical studies based on Dutch population register data provided by Statistics Netherlands. This dissertation has shown that 1) there is a positive relation between experiencing the start of a single-parent family as a child or adolescent and the engagement in crime during adolescence, 2) there is a higher likelihood for offspring born to a single parent to engage in crime, followed by offspring with separated parents and offspring experiencing parental death, 3) there is a higher likelihood for offspring to engage in crime when the single-parent family starts at a younger age compared to a later age or when children grow up with only a biological mother, both for sons and daughters, compared to only a biological father, 4) there is a short-term increase of adolescent delinquency after a parental separation and an anticipatory reduction in adolescent delinquency before a parental death, and 5) in certain family situations, generally a parental separation that leads to living with the parent who does not engage in criminal behavior appears to reduce the risk of offspring engaging in crime. Overall, this dissertation underscores the importance of researching the effects of single-parent families on the offspring, because growing up in a single-parent family influences the future of the offspring with regard to their delinquent behavior. To be able to obtain a complete image about the effects of growing up in a single-parent family and adolescent delinquency, it is very important to continue to p

Many studies have investigated the relation between growing up in single-parent families and crime. However, an up-to-date overview of the literature on this topic is lacking. To fill this gap, this article reviews the empirical literature regarding the effects of being raised in a single-parent family on criminal behavior of adolescent offspring, and additionally focusses on whether the effects depend on how single-parent families were constituted (by parental divorce or separation, by parental decease, or by being born to a single parent). A systematic search in five electronic databases (Web of Science, PsycINFO, Scopus, SocINDEX, and EconLit) is conducted to identify empirical studies on this topic, resulting in 48 studies that conform to a range of substantive and methodological selection criteria. The results suggest that growing up in single-parent families is associated with an elevated risk of involvement in crime by adolescents and that more research is needed to determine the effects of the different constituting events of single-parent families.

Many studies have investigated the relation between growing up in single-parent families and crime. However, an up-to-date overview of the literature on this topic is lacking. To fill this gap, this article reviews the empirical literature regarding the effects of being raised in a single-parent family on criminal behavior of adolescent offspring, and additionally focusses on whether the effects depend on how single-parent families were constituted (by parental divorce or separation, by parental decease, or by being born to a single parent). A systematic search in five electronic databases (Web of Science, PsycINFO, Scopus, SocINDEX, and EconLit) is conducted to identify empirical studies on this topic, resulting in 48 studies that conform to a range of substantive and methodological selection criteria. The results suggest that growing up in single-parent families is associated with an elevated risk of involvement in crime by adolescents and that more research is needed to determine the effects of the different constituting events of single-parent families.

This article is based on the reflections about changes in family structures and dynamics, although in collective imaginaries, there is an idea of family that only corresponds to a nuclear and an extensive one. The traditional poin of view has interpreted that there is a crisis in the family and does not recognize other ways of living and making families. Until our times, single-parenthood is seen as dysfunctional, so it is rejected or questioned, mainly in rural areas. Based on this, there was an interest in documenting the voices of three single mothers who live in a rural community in the state of Morelos. A qualitative methodology was used to understand the challenges these women faced when knew they were pregnant, as well as how they communicated it to their families and the daily experiences of being mothers. In this rural context there is a social rejection towards single-parent families hea-ded by women, some of them have been expelled from the community and others have been made invisible by their families of origin, as a way of protection. Social pressures have perpetuated the ideals of women in the search for the traditional family, as the only alternative to be accepted and recognized in the community., El presente artículo parte de las reflexiones sobre los cambios en las estructuras y dinámicas familiares, pese a ello en los imaginarios colectivos permanece la idea de que familia corresponde únicamente a la nuclear y extensa. La visión tradicional ha interpretado que existe una crisis de la familia y no reconoce otras formas de vivir y hacer familias. Hasta nuestras fechas, la monoparentalidad es vista como lo disfuncional, por lo que es rechazada o cuestionada, principalmente en zonas rurales. A partir de ello, surgió el interés por documentar las voces de tres mujeres madres solteras que viven en una comunidad rural del estado de Morelos, se hizo uso de la metodología cualitativa para conocer los retos que las mujeres enfrentaron al saberse embarazadas, cómo lo comunicaron a sus familias y las experiencias cotidianas al ser madres. En dicho contexto existe un rechazo social hacia las familias monoparentales encabezadas por mujeres, algunas han sido expulsadas de la comunidad y otras como forma de protección son invisibilizadas por sus familias de origen. Las presiones sociales han perpetuado en los ideales de las mujeres en la búsqueda de la familia tradicional, como única alternativa para ser aceptadas y reconocidas en la comunidad.

Objective: This analysis tests the association between parental divorce and maternal employment on adult children’s gender role attitudes. Background: After parental divorce, mothers may increase gainful employment and fathers increase housework. These new roles may influence children’s views on gender equality. Method: Data from two waves of the Swedish Young Adult Panel Study (YAPS), conducted in 1999 and 2003, based on a nationally representative sample of 2,491 respondents aged 22, 26, 30, and 34 years, are used for analyses. Maternal employment and childhood family type, i.e. intact family, single mother, single father, and mother and stepfather, are measured with retrospective questions. Attitudes towards gender equality are examined in the public sphere of work, the private sphere of the family, and a combined-sphere measure. Results: Maternal full-time employment (versus non- or part-time employment) is associated with more modern private and combined sphere gender role attitudes, whereas family type in childhood is only weakly associated with young adult gender role attitudes. One exception is young adults from single father families (versus intact family), who express more modern private sphere gender role attitudes. Mothers’ full-time employment and growing up with a mother and stepfather is more positively associated with women’s than men’s modern gender role attitudes. Conclusion: Parental family disruption adds little, maternal full-time employment adds more, to our understanding of what shapes gender role attitudes in adulthood

Objective: This analysis tests the association between parental divorce and maternal employment on adult children’s gender role attitudes. Background: After parental divorce, mothers may increase gainful employment and fathers increase housework. These new roles may influence children’s views on gender equality. Method: Data from two waves of the Swedish Young Adult Panel Study (YAPS), conducted in 1999 and 2003, based on a nationally representative sample of 2,491 respondents aged 22, 26, 30, and 34 years, are used for analyses. Maternal employment and childhood family type, i.e. intact family, single mother, single father, and mother and stepfather, are measured with retrospective questions. Attitudes towards gender equality are examined in the public sphere of work, the private sphere of the family, and a combined-sphere measure. Results: Maternal full-time employment (versus non- or part-time employment) is associated with more modern private and combined sphere gender role attitudes, whereas family type in childhood is only weakly associated with young adult gender role attitudes. One exception is young adults from single father families (versus intact family), who express more modern private sphere gender role attitudes. Mothers’ full-time employment and growing up with a mother and stepfather is more positively associated with women’s than men’s modern gender role attitudes. Conclusion: Parental family disruption adds little, maternal full-time employment adds more, to our understanding of what shapes gender role attitudes in adulthood

La conciliación de la vida familiar y laboral es un tema que siempre ha estado de actualidad por las innegables consecuencias que a nivel personal y profesional posee para las personas trabajadoras y para las empresas. Y más aún en una época como esta, de crisis sanitaria y económica, que ha hecho saltar las costuras de un derecho que, a decir verdad, nunca ha estado bien atado o perfilado. No obstante, este trabajo va más allá. No se centra tanto en ese debate que se ha abierto tras el tsunami que ha provocado la COVID-19 en materia de conciliación, sino, más bien, en cómo los derechos de conciliación (y otros derechos por circunstancias personales como el permiso por matrimonio) actualmente vigentes en el Estatuto de los Trabajadores adolecen de ciertas disfuncionalidades que terminan por afectar a parejas de hecho y familias monoparentales, es decir, estructuras familiares que se alejan del modelo tradicional. Su realidad social es evidente, como lo son las mayores cargas familiares que debe soportar el titular de un hogar monoparental o los lazos afectivos que se generan entre dos personas que optan por no constituir matrimonio entre ellas. La redacción estatutaria puede llegar a ignorar en cierta forma las necesidades de estos núcleos familiares; unas necesidades que, de igual forma que las tradicionales, merecen ser tenidas en cuenta. Este estudio pretender efectuar una revisión crítica de ciertos derechos previstos en el texto legal, proponiendo reformas que, quizá en un futuro no muy lejano, pudieran ser tenidas en cuenta por la legislación ordinaria., Family and work life balance is a topic that has always been current due to the undeniable consequences that it has on a personal and professional level for workers and for companies. And even more in the current health and economic crisis, which has demolished a right that, in truth, has never been well tied or outlined. However, this work goes further. It does not focus so much on that debate opened after the tsunami triggered by COVID-19 has caused in terms of conciliation, but rather in how the conciliation rights (and another personal rights currently like permission by marriage) in force in the Workers Statute suffer from certain dysfunctionalities that end up affecting unmarried couples and single-parent families, that is to say, family structures that move away from the traditional model. Their social reality is evident, as are the greater family burdens that the owner of a single-parent home or the affective bonds that are generated between two people who choose not to constitute marriage between them. The Workers Statute may go so far as to ignore the needs of these family groups; needs that, just like the traditional ones, deserve to be taken into account. This work aims to carry out a critical review of the right provided in the legal text, proposing reforms that, perhaps in the not too distant future, could be taken into account by the ordinary law.

Objective: This analysis tests the association between parental divorce and maternal employment on adult children’s gender role attitudes. Background: After parental divorce, mothers may increase gainful employment and fathers increase housework. These new roles may influence children’s views on gender equality. Method: Data from two waves of the Swedish Young Adult Panel Study (YAPS), conducted in 1999 and 2003, based on a nationally representative sample of 2,491 respondents aged 22, 26, 30, and 34 years, are used for analyses. Maternal employment and childhood family type, i.e. intact family, single mother, single father, and mother and stepfather, are measured with retrospective questions. Attitudes towards gender equality are examined in the public sphere of work, the private sphere of the family, and a combined-sphere measure. Results: Maternal full-time employment (versus non- or part-time employment) is associated with more modern private and combined sphere gender role attitudes, whereas family type in childhood is only weakly associated with young adult gender role attitudes. One exception is young adults from single father families (versus intact family), who express more modern private sphere gender role attitudes. Mothers’ full-time employment and growing up with a mother and stepfather is more positively associated with women’s than men’s modern gender role attitudes. Conclusion: Parental family disruption adds little, maternal full-time employment adds more, to our understanding of what shapes gender role attitudes in adulthood

Objective: This analysis tests the association between parental divorce and maternal employment on adult children’s gender role attitudes. Background: After parental divorce, mothers may increase gainful employment and fathers increase housework. These new roles may influence children’s views on gender equality. Method: Data from two waves of the Swedish Young Adult Panel Study (YAPS), conducted in 1999 and 2003, based on a nationally representative sample of 2,491 respondents aged 22, 26, 30, and 34 years, are used for analyses. Maternal employment and childhood family type, i.e. intact family, single mother, single father, and mother and stepfather, are measured with retrospective questions. Attitudes towards gender equality are examined in the public sphere of work, the private sphere of the family, and a combined-sphere measure. Results: Maternal full-time employment (versus non- or part-time employment) is associated with more modern private and combined sphere gender role attitudes, whereas family type in childhood is only weakly associated with young adult gender role attitudes. One exception is young adults from single father families (versus intact family), who express more modern private sphere gender role attitudes. Mothers’ full-time employment and growing up with a mother and stepfather is more positively associated with women’s than men’s modern gender role attitudes. Conclusion: Parental family disruption adds little, maternal full-time employment adds more, to our understanding of what shapes gender role attitudes in adulthood

La conciliación de la vida familiar y laboral es un tema que siempre ha estado de actualidad por las innegables consecuencias que a nivel personal y profesional posee para las personas trabajadoras y para las empresas. Y más aún en una época como esta, de crisis sanitaria y económica, que ha hecho saltar las costuras de un derecho que, a decir verdad, nunca ha estado bien atado o perfilado. No obstante, este trabajo va más allá. No se centra tanto en ese debate que se ha abierto tras el tsunami que ha provocado la COVID-19 en materia de conciliación, sino, más bien, en cómo los derechos de conciliación (y otros derechos por circunstancias personales como el permiso por matrimonio) actualmente vigentes en el Estatuto de los Trabajadores adolecen de ciertas disfuncionalidades que terminan por afectar a parejas de hecho y familias monoparentales, es decir, estructuras familiares que se alejan del modelo tradicional. Su realidad social es evidente, como lo son las mayores cargas familiares que debe soportar el titular de un hogar monoparental o los lazos afectivos que se generan entre dos personas que optan por no constituir matrimonio entre ellas. La redacción estatutaria puede llegar a ignorar en cierta forma las necesidades de estos núcleos familiares; unas necesidades que, de igual forma que las tradicionales, merecen ser tenidas en cuenta. Este estudio pretender efectuar una revisión crítica de ciertos derechos previstos en el texto legal, proponiendo reformas que, quizá en un futuro no muy lejano, pudieran ser tenidas en cuenta por la legislación ordinaria., Family and work life balance is a topic that has always been current due to the undeniable consequences that it has on a personal and professional level for workers and for companies. And even more in the current health and economic crisis, which has demolished a right that, in truth, has never been well tied or outlined. However, this work goes further. It does not focus so much on that debate opened after the tsunami triggered by COVID-19 has caused in terms of conciliation, but rather in how the conciliation rights (and another personal rights currently like permission by marriage) in force in the Workers Statute suffer from certain dysfunctionalities that end up affecting unmarried couples and single-parent families, that is to say, family structures that move away from the traditional model. Their social reality is evident, as are the greater family burdens that the owner of a single-parent home or the affective bonds that are generated between two people who choose not to constitute marriage between them. The Workers Statute may go so far as to ignore the needs of these family groups; needs that, just like the traditional ones, deserve to be taken into account. This work aims to carry out a critical review of the right provided in the legal text, proposing reforms that, perhaps in the not too distant future, could be taken into account by the ordinary law.

Objective: This analysis tests the association between parental divorce and maternal employment on adult children’s gender role attitudes. Background: After parental divorce, mothers may increase gainful employment and fathers increase housework. These new roles may influence children’s views on gender equality. Method: Data from two waves of the Swedish Young Adult Panel Study (YAPS), conducted in 1999 and 2003, based on a nationally representative sample of 2,491 respondents aged 22, 26, 30, and 34 years, are used for analyses. Maternal employment and childhood family type, i.e. intact family, single mother, single father, and mother and stepfather, are measured with retrospective questions. Attitudes towards gender equality are examined in the public sphere of work, the private sphere of the family, and a combined-sphere measure. Results: Maternal full-time employment (versus non- or part-time employment) is associated with more modern private and combined sphere gender role attitudes, whereas family type in childhood is only weakly associated with young adult gender role attitudes. One exception is young adults from single father families (versus intact family), who express more modern private sphere gender role attitudes. Mothers’ full-time employment and growing up with a mother and stepfather is more positively associated with women’s than men’s modern gender role attitudes. Conclusion: Parental family disruption adds little, maternal full-time employment adds more, to our understanding of what shapes gender role attitudes in adulthood

Objective: This analysis tests the association between parental divorce and maternal employment on adult children’s gender role attitudes. Background: After parental divorce, mothers may increase gainful employment and fathers increase housework. These new roles may influence children’s views on gender equality. Method: Data from two waves of the Swedish Young Adult Panel Study (YAPS), conducted in 1999 and 2003, based on a nationally representative sample of 2,491 respondents aged 22, 26, 30, and 34 years, are used for analyses. Maternal employment and childhood family type, i.e. intact family, single mother, single father, and mother and stepfather, are measured with retrospective questions. Attitudes towards gender equality are examined in the public sphere of work, the private sphere of the family, and a combined-sphere measure. Results: Maternal full-time employment (versus non- or part-time employment) is associated with more modern private and combined sphere gender role attitudes, whereas family type in childhood is only weakly associated with young adult gender role attitudes. One exception is young adults from single father families (versus intact family), who express more modern private sphere gender role attitudes. Mothers’ full-time employment and growing up with a mother and stepfather is more positively associated with women’s than men’s modern gender role attitudes. Conclusion: Parental family disruption adds little, maternal full-time employment adds more, to our understanding of what shapes gender role attitudes in adulthood

Једнородитељске породице представљају једну од најзначајнијих и најочигледнијих манифестација породичне нестабилности и промена у структури и дистрибуцији ризика у Европи (Millar, 2002). Стога, не изненађује чињеница да су неретко предмет политичког, научног и истраживачког интереса, како на националном, тако и на наднационалном нивоу. Представљајући изразито хетерогену друштвену групу, унутар које нису нужно сви угрожени у остваривању истих права или у задовољавању потреба, а како се прилично разликују и по начинима суочавања са ризицима, једнородитељске породице захтевају свеобухватну и разноврсну помоћ државе, као формалног система подршке. Фокус овог истраживања је на анализи потреба, ризика и тешкоћа са којима се суочавају једнородитељске породице (породице самих мајки са децом) у Србији, идентификовању различитих система друштвене подршке (формалних и неформалних) који су им доступни и њихових ограничења, као и могућности њиховог редизајнирања. За анализу проблема употребљен је специфичан теоријско-концептуални оквир, који представља новину у односу на досадашње перспективе у тумачењу ове појаве. Реч је о комплементарној употреби концепта социјалних улагања и различитих дискурса о једнородитељским породицама, а сама анализа је обухватила два нивоа, микро - индивидуални ниво и макро - институционални и системски ниво. У истраживању подаци су прикупљани комбиновањем квантитативних и квалитативних метода. Квантитативни део истраживања био је усмерен на прикупљање социо-демографских и социо-економских података о узорку. Прикупљање ове врсте података вршено је уз помоћ упитника, који је посебно сачињен за потребе овог истраживања, и било је у функцији изградње профила једнородитељских породица самих мајки обухваћених узорком. Са друге стране, квалитативни део истраживања заснива се на подацима који су добијени из дубинских, полуструктурисаних интервјуа, који су вођени vi како са самим мајкама, тако и са представницима јавног и цивилног сектора, како би се стекао ув, The rise in single-parent families represents one of the most visible outcomes of family instability and change in the structure and distribution of risks in Europe (Millar, 2002). Therefore, it is not surprising that such families have become the subject of political, scientific and research interests both nationally and internationally. As a very heterogeneous social group, within (which) not necessarily all are jeopardized in having the same rights or in meeting the same needs, and as they quite differ in a way of coping with risks, single-parent families require a comprehensive and diverse state support, as a formal support system. The focus of this research is on the analysis of needs, risks and difficulties faced by single-parent families (single-mothers with children) in Serbia, identifying different systems of available social support (formal and informal) and their limitations, as well as their possibilities of redesigning. A specific theoretical and conceptual framework, which represents a novelty in relation to the previous perspectives in the interpretation of this phenomenon, was used for the analysis of the problem. The social investment concept and different discourses around single-parent families were complementary used as theoretical and conceptual framework, and the analysis itself included two levels, micro - individual level and macro – institutional level. The data were collected by combining complementary quantitative and qualitative methods. On the one hand, the quantitative part of the research was focused on gathering socio-demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the sample. Collection of this type of data was carried out using a questionnaire, which was specially designed for the purposes of this research, in order to create a profile of the single-mother families representing the sample. On the other hand, the qualitative part of the research is based on data obtained from in-depth, semi-structured interviews, which were conduct

The rise in single-parent families represents one of the most visible outcomes of family instability and change in the structure and distribution of risks in Europe (Millar, 2002). Therefore, it is not surprising that such families have become the subject of political, scientific and research interests both nationally and internationally. As a very heterogeneous social group, within (which) not necessarily all are jeopardized in having the same rights or in meeting the same needs, and as they quite differ in a way of coping with risks, single-parent families require a comprehensive and diverse state support, as a formal support system. The focus of this research is on the analysis of needs, risks and difficulties faced by single-parent families (single-mothers with children) in Serbia, identifying different systems of available social support (formal and informal) and their limitations, as well as their possibilities of redesigning. A specific theoretical and conceptual framework, which represents a novelty in relation to the previous perspectives in the interpretation of this phenomenon, was used for the analysis of the problem. The social investment concept and different discourses around single-parent families were complementary used as theoretical and conceptual framework, and the analysis itself included two levels, micro - individual level and macro – institutional level. The data were collected by combining complementary quantitative and qualitative methods. On the one hand, the quantitative part of the research was focused on gathering socio-demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the sample. Collection of this type of data was carried out using a questionnaire, which was specially designed for the purposes of this research, in order to create a profile of the single-mother families representing the sample. On the other hand, the qualitative part of the research is based on data obtained from in-depth, semi-structured interviews, which were conduct, Jednoroditeljske porodice predstavljaju jednu od najznačajnijih i najočiglednijih manifestacija porodične nestabilnosti i promena u strukturi i distribuciji rizika u Evropi (Millar, 2002). Stoga, ne iznenađuje činjenica da su neretko predmet političkog, naučnog i istraživačkog interesa, kako na nacionalnom, tako i na nadnacionalnom nivou. Predstavljajući izrazito heterogenu društvenu grupu, unutar koje nisu nužno svi ugroženi u ostvarivanju istih prava ili u zadovoljavanju potreba, a kako se prilično razlikuju i po načinima suočavanja sa rizicima, jednoroditeljske porodice zahtevaju sveobuhvatnu i raznovrsnu pomoć države, kao formalnog sistema podrške. Fokus ovog istraživanja je na analizi potreba, rizika i teškoća sa kojima se suočavaju jednoroditeljske porodice (porodice samih majki sa decom) u Srbiji, identifikovanju različitih sistema društvene podrške (formalnih i neformalnih) koji su im dostupni i njihovih ograničenja, kao i mogućnosti njihovog redizajniranja. Za analizu problema upotrebljen je specifičan teorijsko-konceptualni okvir, koji predstavlja novinu u odnosu na dosadašnje perspektive u tumačenju ove pojave. Reč je o komplementarnoj upotrebi koncepta socijalnih ulaganja i različitih diskursa o jednoroditeljskim porodicama, a sama analiza je obuhvatila dva nivoa, mikro - individualni nivo i makro - institucionalni i sistemski nivo. U istraživanju podaci su prikupljani kombinovanjem kvantitativnih i kvalitativnih metoda. Kvantitativni deo istraživanja bio je usmeren na prikupljanje socio-demografskih i socio-ekonomskih podataka o uzorku. Prikupljanje ove vrste podataka vršeno je uz pomoć upitnika, koji je posebno sačinjen za potrebe ovog istraživanja, i bilo je u funkciji izgradnje profila jednoroditeljskih porodica samih majki obuhvaćenih uzorkom. Sa druge strane, kvalitativni deo istraživanja zasniva se na podacima koji su dobijeni iz dubinskih, polustrukturisanih intervjua, koji su vođeni vi kako sa samim majkama, tako i sa predstavnicima javnog i civ

Background: The purpose of the study was to analyze the meanings attributed by a group of young adults to the experience of recording inscriptions in their bodies. Method: The qualitative method with narrative design was implemented. The technique to collect the information is a free interview. He selected four participants (two women and two men) through a sample intentional. The interviews were recorded on audio and transcribed literally for later analysis. An inductive categorization was carried out. The analysis implemented allowed identifying individual factors and also establishing similarities and differences among participants. Results: The findings show that: This group of young people perform the corporal inscriptions taking as reference significant life and family experiences. Conclusion: It is concluded that the tattoo is a narrative expression that determines ownership over the body and the possibility of being understood and socially validated. The choice of the body part, design and extension; they depend on the importance of what they want to represent., Introducción: El propósito del estudio fue analizar los significados que atribuyen un grupo de adultos jóvenes a la experiencia de plasmar inscripciones en su cuerpo. Método: Se implementó el método cualitativo con diseño narrativo. La técnica para recolectar la información es una entrevista libre. Se seleccionaron cuatro participantes (dos mujeres y dos varones) por medio de un muestreo intencional. Las entrevistas se grabaron en audio y se transcribieron literalmente para su posterior análisis. Se realizó una categorización inductiva. El análisis implementado permitió identificar factores individuales y también establecer similitudes y diferencias entre participantes. Resultados: Los hallazgos evidencian que: Este grupo de jóvenes realizan las inscripciones corporales tomando como referencia experiencias vitales y familiares significativas. Conclusión: El tatuaje es una expresión narrativa que determina propiedad sobre el cuerpo y la posibilidad de ser comprendido y validado socialmente. La elección de la parte del cuerpo, diseño y extensión; dependen de la importancia que tiene lo que quieren representar.

The rise in single-parent families represents one of the most visible outcomes of family instability and change in the structure and distribution of risks in Europe (Millar, 2002). Therefore, it is not surprising that such families have become the subject of political, scientific and research interests both nationally and internationally. As a very heterogeneous social group, within (which) not necessarily all are jeopardized in having the same rights or in meeting the same needs, and as they quite differ in a way of coping with risks, single-parent families require a comprehensive and diverse state support, as a formal support system. The focus of this research is on the analysis of needs, risks and difficulties faced by single-parent families (single-mothers with children) in Serbia, identifying different systems of available social support (formal and informal) and their limitations, as well as their possibilities of redesigning. A specific theoretical and conceptual framework, which represents a novelty in relation to the previous perspectives in the interpretation of this phenomenon, was used for the analysis of the problem. The social investment concept and different discourses around single-parent families were complementary used as theoretical and conceptual framework, and the analysis itself included two levels, micro - individual level and macro – institutional level. The data were collected by combining complementary quantitative and qualitative methods. On the one hand, the quantitative part of the research was focused on gathering socio-demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the sample. Collection of this type of data was carried out using a questionnaire, which was specially designed for the purposes of this research, in order to create a profile of the single-mother families representing the sample. On the other hand, the qualitative part of the research is based on data obtained from in-depth, semi-structured interviews, which were conduct, Jednoroditeljske porodice predstavljaju jednu od najznačajnijih i najočiglednijih manifestacija porodične nestabilnosti i promena u strukturi i distribuciji rizika u Evropi (Millar, 2002). Stoga, ne iznenađuje činjenica da su neretko predmet političkog, naučnog i istraživačkog interesa, kako na nacionalnom, tako i na nadnacionalnom nivou. Predstavljajući izrazito heterogenu društvenu grupu, unutar koje nisu nužno svi ugroženi u ostvarivanju istih prava ili u zadovoljavanju potreba, a kako se prilično razlikuju i po načinima suočavanja sa rizicima, jednoroditeljske porodice zahtevaju sveobuhvatnu i raznovrsnu pomoć države, kao formalnog sistema podrške. Fokus ovog istraživanja je na analizi potreba, rizika i teškoća sa kojima se suočavaju jednoroditeljske porodice (porodice samih majki sa decom) u Srbiji, identifikovanju različitih sistema društvene podrške (formalnih i neformalnih) koji su im dostupni i njihovih ograničenja, kao i mogućnosti njihovog redizajniranja. Za analizu problema upotrebljen je specifičan teorijsko-konceptualni okvir, koji predstavlja novinu u odnosu na dosadašnje perspektive u tumačenju ove pojave. Reč je o komplementarnoj upotrebi koncepta socijalnih ulaganja i različitih diskursa o jednoroditeljskim porodicama, a sama analiza je obuhvatila dva nivoa, mikro - individualni nivo i makro - institucionalni i sistemski nivo. U istraživanju podaci su prikupljani kombinovanjem kvantitativnih i kvalitativnih metoda. Kvantitativni deo istraživanja bio je usmeren na prikupljanje socio-demografskih i socio-ekonomskih podataka o uzorku. Prikupljanje ove vrste podataka vršeno je uz pomoć upitnika, koji je posebno sačinjen za potrebe ovog istraživanja, i bilo je u funkciji izgradnje profila jednoroditeljskih porodica samih majki obuhvaćenih uzorkom. Sa druge strane, kvalitativni deo istraživanja zasniva se na podacima koji su dobijeni iz dubinskih, polustrukturisanih intervjua, koji su vođeni vi kako sa samim majkama, tako i sa predstavnicima javnog i civ

Статья посвящена практически неразработанной в отечественной историографии теме, в том числе и в региональном аспекте. Целью написания статьи было исследование денежных доходов и расходов неполных семей колхозников Свердловской области в 1960 году. Исследование проведено на материалах Государственного архива Свердловской области (ГАСО) и текущего архива Территориального органа Федеральной службы государственной статистики по Свердловской области (ТОФ-СГССО) с привлечением интернет-источников, а также научной и публицистической литературы. Актуальность темы обусловлена ее значимостью для общественных наук, прежде всего – для истории, социологии и экономики. Научная новизна работы видится в том, что в оборот вводятся новые материалы, обнаруженные автором в фондах указанных архивов. Отмечается, что любая семья, в том числе неполная, представляет собой специфический правовой институт, выполняющий целый ряд важных социально-экономических функций. Утверждается, что, несмотря на значимый общественный вес неполных семей, их материальное положение в советский период практически не исследовалось. Констатируется, что наблюдалась довольно серьезная дифференциация денежных доходов и расходов обследованных неполных семей колхозников. Заявляется, что в составе семей обращает на себя внимание отсутствие в них мужчин, что было довольно распространенным явлением в послевоенные годы. Доказывается огромная роль личного подсобного хозяйства (ЛПХ) в экономике обследованных семей: для их значительной части продукты подсобного хозяйства составляли основу ежедневного рациона питания. Декларируется, что большую часть расходов неполных семей колхозников составляли затраты по приобретению продуктов питания и промышленных товаров. Делается вывод, что даже с учетом существенных доходов от ЛПХ суммарные доходы неполных семей были значительно ниже доходов городских рабочих семей., The article is devoted to the subject insufficiently developed in the national historiography, in particular in regard to its regional dimension. The purpose of the article was a study of incomes and expenses of single-parent farmer families of Sverdlovsk region in 1960. The study is conducted on materials of State archive of Sverdlovsk region and archive of the Territorial body of Federal state statistics service for Sverdlovsk region with the assistance of Internet sources as well as scientific and publicistic literature. The relevance of the topic is determined by its importance for the social sciences, especially for history, sociology and economics. Scientific novelty of the work is seen in the fact that the new materials discovered by the author in these archives are introduced into scientific usage. It is noted that every family, including incomplete, is a specific legal institution, having a number of important socio-economic functions. It is argued that, despite the significant social weight of single-parent families, their financial situation during the Soviet period practically were not studied. It is stated that there was a pretty serious differentiation of monetary incomes and expenditures of surveyed single-parent families of farmers. It is stated that the composition of families draws attention to the absence of men, which was quite common in the post-war years. A huge role of private farming in the economy of surveyed households is proved: for a significant part of them the products of farms formed the basis of the daily diet. It is declared that most of the costs of single-parent families of farmers amounted to costs of food and industrial goods. It is concluded that even with significant income from household plots total income of single-parent families was significantly below the income of urban worker families.

Проблема компетентности родителей в вопросах воспитания детей в семье является актуальной социально-педагогической задачей, требующей комплексного реагирования общества и государства в её решении. Не менее значимой данная проблема является и для неполной семьи. В статье актуализируются вопросы развития компетентности родителей из неполных семей в проблемах семейного воспитания, рассматривается возможность повышения «родительской компетентности» средствами реализации технологии социально-педагогического проектирования и реализации студенческого проекта «Повышение родительского потенциала в неполных семьях. Школа для родителей»., The problem of competence of parents in matters of education of children in the family is an urgent socio-pedagogical task that requires a comprehensive response of society and the state in its solution. No less important is this problem for an incomplete family. The article deals with the issues of development of competence of parents from single-parent families in the problems of family education, the possibility of increasing the "parent competence" by means of implementation of technology of socio-pedagogical design and implementation of the student project "Improvement of parental potential in single-parent families. School for parents".

Проблема компетентности родителей в вопросах воспитания детей в семье является актуальной социально-педагогической задачей, требующей комплексного реагирования общества и государства в её решении. Не менее значимой данная проблема является и для неполной семьи. В статье актуализируются вопросы развития компетентности родителей из неполных семей в проблемах семейного воспитания, рассматривается возможность повышения «родительской компетентности» средствами реализации технологии социально-педагогического проектирования и реализации студенческого проекта «Повышение родительского потенциала в неполных семьях. Школа для родителей»., The problem of competence of parents in matters of education of children in the family is an urgent socio-pedagogical task that requires a comprehensive response of society and the state in its solution. No less important is this problem for an incomplete family. The article deals with the issues of development of competence of parents from single-parent families in the problems of family education, the possibility of increasing the "parent competence" by means of implementation of technology of socio-pedagogical design and implementation of the student project "Improvement of parental potential in single-parent families. School for parents".

In single-parent families, children abandoned by their father before or immediately after their birth, who then bear their mother’s surname, are identified as having an absent father and are identified as lacking this important relationship. Often in these situations mothers, challenged by the absence of their partner from the first months of their child’s life, often tend to try and normalise the situation – in order to avoid re-opening a painful emotional wound for them – yet their children ultimately need to know who their father was and why he left. In the clinical cases to be presented it is shown how during the family therapy with a single mother and child dyad, it is possible to facilitate a process of symbol construction initiated by children which helps them come to understand their family composition and the reason for their father’s absence. That is, in such situations, one of the tasks of family therapy is to ensure that the therapeutic process allows for the inclusion of the absent father, in the first place in the therapeutic dialogue with the dyad, so that over time it can become represented in the child’s psychological world.

Single parents disproportionately face a triple bind of inadequacies in resources, employment, and policy which combined together further complicate the lives of single parents and their families (Nieuwenhuis & Maldonado, forthcoming). Single parents’ resources, their socio-economic background - as well as having only one earner and carer in the household - make it difficult to provide for their families. The majority of single parents are mothers and work in full-time employment, yet for many their employment is inadequate. Single parents are often in jobs with low wages, without employment protections, and with little flexibility to balance work and family responsibilities. Policy such as an inadequate cash transfers, unaffordable child care, unpaid parental leave, or lacking safety net can fail to protect families from poverty. The focus of these analyses is on policy and how it can address the triple bind and reduce poverty for single-parent families. In particular, how child support and advance maintenance, taxes and transfers, family transfers, maternity leave, leave shared between parents, leave to care for a sick child, rest days, annual leave, and sick leave reduce poverty for single-parent and coupled-parent families. The study examined 373,032 households with children in 45 countries, using household-level data from the Luxembourg Income Study database and country-level policy indicators from The WORLD Policy Analysis Center. The findings show that the US has the highest rate of single-parent families in poverty of all countries. Decomposition analyses show that child support, especially in countries that pay an advance maintenance if the other parent does not pay, reduces poverty for single-parent families; however, the effectiveness varies across countries and over time. Decomposition analyses show that redistribution, particularly family transfers, have reduced poverty for all families. Most countries cut their poverty by half or more, but some cou

Single parents disproportionately face a triple bind of inadequacies in resources, employment, and policy which combined together further complicate the lives of single parents and their families (Nieuwenhuis & Maldonado, forthcoming). Single parents’ resources, their socio-economic background - as well as having only one earner and carer in the household - make it difficult to provide for their families. The majority of single parents are mothers and work in full-time employment, yet for many their employment is inadequate. Single parents are often in jobs with low wages, without employment protections, and with little flexibility to balance work and family responsibilities. Policy such as an inadequate cash transfers, unaffordable child care, unpaid parental leave, or lacking safety net can fail to protect families from poverty. The focus of these analyses is on policy and how it can address the triple bind and reduce poverty for single-parent families. In particular, how child support and advance maintenance, taxes and transfers, family transfers, maternity leave, leave shared between parents, leave to care for a sick child, rest days, annual leave, and sick leave reduce poverty for single-parent and coupled-parent families. The study examined 373,032 households with children in 45 countries, using household-level data from the Luxembourg Income Study database and country-level policy indicators from The WORLD Policy Analysis Center. The findings show that the US has the highest rate of single-parent families in poverty of all countries. Decomposition analyses show that child support, especially in countries that pay an advance maintenance if the other parent does not pay, reduces poverty for single-parent families; however, the effectiveness varies across countries and over time. Decomposition analyses show that redistribution, particularly family transfers, have reduced poverty for all families. Most countries cut their poverty by half or more, but some cou

Відзначено,, що важливим аспектом у роботі вчителя з сім’єю учня є надання кваліфікованої допомоги батькам молодших школярів з неповних сімей, що можливо за умови спеціальної професійної підготовки майбутніх учителів початкової школи. Обґрунтовано, що результат професійної підготовки стосовно цього – це готовність майбутнього вчителя початкової школи до роботи з батьками молодших школярів з неповних сімей, яка є інтегральною характеристикою особистості майбутнього вчителя, зумовленою теоретичними знаннями і володінням професійними практичними уміннями та навичками, розвиненими психологічно-особистісними якостями. Показано, що зі змісту готовності випливають структурні компоненти готовності майбутнього вчителя початкової школи до роботи з батьками молодших школярів з неповних сімей: особистісний, когнітивний, практичний., An important aspect in the work of the teacher with the student family is to provide expert assistance to parents of junior high school students from single-parent families that is possible due to the provided specialized training for future primary school teachers. The result of the training is reflected in the readiness of the future teacher of an elementary school to work with the parents of junior high school students from single-parent families, which is an integral characteristic of the person of the future teacher, due to the theoretical knowledge and practical possession of professional skills and abilities, development of psychological personality traits. It is described that the readiness contents influences the content of the structural components of readiness of the future teacher of an elementary school to work with the parents of junior high school students from single-parent families: personality, cognitive, practical.

Since its national debut in 1987, Fresh Air with Terry Gross has been a highly acclaimed and much adored weekday magazine among public radio listeners. Each week, nearly 4.8 million people turn to Peabody Award-winning host Terry Gross for insightful conversations with the leading voices in contemporary arts and issues. The renowned program reaches a global audience, with over 620 public radio stations broadcasting Fresh Air, and 3 million podcast downloads each week. Fresh Air has broken the mold of 'talk show' by weaving together superior journalism and intimate storytelling from modern-day intellectuals, politicians and artists alike. Through probing questions and careful research, Gross's interviews are lauded for revealing a fresh perspective on cultural icons and trends. Her thorough conversations are often complemented by commentary from well-known contributors. Fresh Air is produced at WHYY-FM in Philadelphia and broadcast nationally by NPR., (1.) Actress and writer PAMELA ADLON. She and Louis C.K. co-created the new FX series Better Things, in which ADLON stars as a single mother of three girls, living in LA. It's semi-autobiographical. The show premiers on Thursday Sept 8. ADLON was also a producer on Louie, and sometimes played his girlfriend. ADLON won an Emmy for playing the character of Bobby Hill on the animated series King of the Hill. (THIS INTERVIEW CONTINUES INTO THE SECOND HALF OF THE SHOW). (2.) Linguist GEOFF NUNBERG considers the history of some of the derogative words that have been used to describe Trump supporters –like redneck, hillybilly, and white trash – and what those words say about class conflict.

Предмет докторске дисертације је једнородитељска породица. Једнородитељске породице чини један родитељ са својом децом (дететом) и оне представљају један од облика модерне породице. Проблеми и потребе једнородитељских породица су постали веома актуелан предмет социолошког интересовања у свету последњих неколико деценија, када је нуклеарна породица преживела крупне промене. Једнородитељска породица се више не може посматрати као реткост будући да само на територији Републике Србије приближно свако пето дете одрасте у породици са једним родитељем. Разлози њиховог настанка су варирали кроз историју: док су некада једнородитељске породице биле превасходно удовичке, данас све више настају разводом брака и ванбрачним рађањима. Анализа једнородитељских породица се базира на резултатима теренског истраживања које је спроведено током 2012. године на узорку од укупно 200 родитеља који су носиоци једнородитељске породице. Циљ истраживања је био да се покаже каква је унутрашња динамика, као и односи једнородитељских породица са сродничким и најближим социјалним окружењем. Поред наведеног, анализиран је друштвени статус различитих подскупина самохраних родитеља, како би се осветлило да ли су, и колико, ове породице прихваћене од стране социјалне околине. Такође, истраживање је стављено у контекст друштвеног поретка у коме се преламају традиционалне норме са актуелним друштвеним токовима. Почетна претпоставка је била да лоша економска ситуација друштва, као једна од последица транзиционих промена у којима се Србија нашла крајем прошлог и почетком овог миленијума, највећим делом је обележила и најсиромашнију демографску групу – једнородитељске породице. При том, као што су потврдили и резултати истраживања, још увек традиционално јака породична солидарност на овим просторима, представља значајан извор подршке родитељима који сами одгајају дете. Резултати истраживања су показали и да су највећи проблеми са којима су суочене једнородитељске породице управо финансијске тешкоће. Перце, Predmet doktorske disertacije je jednoroditeljska porodica. Jednoroditeljske porodice čini jedan roditelj sa svojom decom (detetom) i one predstavljaju jedan od oblika moderne porodice. Problemi i potrebe jednoroditeljskih porodica su postali veoma aktuelan predmet sociološkog interesovanja u svetu poslednjih nekoliko decenija, kada je nuklearna porodica preživela krupne promene. Jednoroditeljska porodica se više ne može posmatrati kao retkost budući da samo na teritoriji Republike Srbije približno svako peto dete odraste u porodici sa jednim roditeljem. Razlozi njihovog nastanka su varirali kroz istoriju: dok su nekada jednoroditeljske porodice bile prevashodno udovičke, danas sve više nastaju razvodom braka i vanbračnim rađanjima. Analiza jednoroditeljskih porodica se bazira na rezultatima terenskog istraživanja koje je sprovedeno tokom 2012. godine na uzorku od ukupno 200 roditelja koji su nosioci jednoroditeljske porodice. Cilj istraživanja je bio da se pokaže kakva je unutrašnja dinamika, kao i odnosi jednoroditeljskih porodica sa srodničkim i najbližim socijalnim okruženjem. Pored navedenog, analiziran je društveni status različitih podskupina samohranih roditelja, kako bi se osvetlilo da li su, i koliko, ove porodice prihvaćene od strane socijalne okoline. Takođe, istraživanje je stavljeno u kontekst društvenog poretka u kome se prelamaju tradicionalne norme sa aktuelnim društvenim tokovima. Početna pretpostavka je bila da loša ekonomska situacija društva, kao jedna od posledica tranzicionih promena u kojima se Srbija našla krajem prošlog i početkom ovog milenijuma, najvećim delom je obeležila i najsiromašniju demografsku grupu – jednoroditeljske porodice. Pri tom, kao što su potvrdili i rezultati istraživanja, još uvek tradicionalno jaka porodična solidarnost na ovim prostorima, predstavlja značajan izvor podrške roditeljima koji sami odgajaju dete. Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali i da su najveći problemi sa kojima su suočene jednoroditeljske porodice upr, The subject of this dissertation is a single-parent family. Single-parent families consist of one parent with his children (child) and they represent a form of modern families. The problems and needs of singleparent families have become very topical subject of sociological interest in the world in the past few decades, when the nuclear family survived major changes. Single-parent families can no longer be regarded as a rarity, since only on the territory of the Republic of Serbia, approximately every fifth child grows up in a family with a single parent. The reasons for their occurrence varied through history: while the former single-parent families were mostly widows, nowadays they increasingly occur through divorce and ilegitimate births. Analysis of single-parent families is based on the results of field research conducted in 2012 on a sample of 200 parents who are carriers of singleparentfamilies. The aim was to show what the internal dynamics, as well as relations of single-parent families with kinship and closest social environment. In addition, we analyzed the social status of different subgroups of single parents, in order to reveal if and how these families were accepted by the social environment. Also, research was done in the context of social order in which occur the break of traditional norms with current social trends. Initial assumption was that the poor economic situation of society, as a consequence of transitional changes in which Serbia found itself at the turn of this millennium, mostly marked the poorest demographic group - single-parent families. In addition, as confirmed by the results of our research, still traditionally strong family solidarity in the region is an important source of support for parents who raise a child(ren) alone. The results showed that the biggest problems faced by single-parent families are financial difficulties. The respondents perception of the relationship of the social environment to them, according to their opinio

Resulta una necessitat urgent promoure programes efectius que centrin els esforços a desenvolupar competències familiars eficaces per prevenir conductes desadaptatives i de consum de substàncies en els fills i filles de famílies monomarentals en contextos d’especial vulnerabilitat social. El PCF, o Programa de Competències Familiars, promou relacions saludables entre mares i fills, incidint en una millor comunicació, supervisió, disciplina i organització familiar. En un primer moment, centrarem els esforços a revisar els factors de risc i de protecció. En segon lloc, ens aproparem a la proposta d’aplicació i intervenció del PCF, que està basat en evidències científiques i aplicat en famílies monomarentals. En aquest apartat inclourem els aspectes que s’haurien de considerar en el procés d’aplicació del PCF en matèria de sensibilització en termes de gènere i d’etnicitat amb famílies monomarentals., Es una necesidad urgente promover programas efectivos que centren los esfuerzos en desarrollar competencias familiares eficaces para prevenir conductas desadaptadas y de consumo de sustancias en los hijos e hijas de familias monomarentales en contextos de vulnerabilidad social. El PCF, o Programa de Competencias Familiares, promueve relaciones saludables entre madres e hijos, incidiendo en una mejor comunicación, supervisión, disciplina y organización familiar. En un primer momento, centraremos los esfuerzos a revisar los factores de riesgo y de protección. En segundo lugar, nos acercaremos a la propuesta de aplicación y de intervención del PCF, que está basado en evidencias científicas y aplicado en familias monomarentales. En este apartado incluiremos los aspectos que se deberían considerar en el proceso de aplicación del PCF en materia de sensibilización en términos de género y de etnicidad con familias monomarentales.

Resulta una necessitat urgent promoure programes efectius que centrin els esforços a desenvolupar competències familiars eficaces per prevenir conductes desadaptatives i de consum de substàncies en els fills i filles de famílies monomarentals en contextos d’especial vulnerabilitat social. El PCF, o Programa de Competències Familiars, promou relacions saludables entre mares i fills, incidint en una millor comunicació, supervisió, disciplina i organització familiar. En un primer moment, centrarem els esforços a revisar els factors de risc i de protecció. En segon lloc, ens aproparem a la proposta d’aplicació i intervenció del PCF, que està basat en evidències científiques i aplicat en famílies monomarentals. En aquest apartat inclourem els aspectes que s’haurien de considerar en el procés d’aplicació del PCF en matèria de sensibilització en termes de gènere i d’etnicitat amb famílies monomarentals., Es una necesidad urgente promover programas efectivos que centren los esfuerzos en desarrollar competencias familiares eficaces para prevenir conductas desadaptadas y de consumo de sustancias en los hijos e hijas de familias monomarentales en contextos de vulnerabilidad social. El PCF, o Programa de Competencias Familiares, promueve relaciones saludables entre madres e hijos, incidiendo en una mejor comunicación, supervisión, disciplina y organización familiar. En un primer momento, centraremos los esfuerzos a revisar los factores de riesgo y de protección. En segundo lugar, nos acercaremos a la propuesta de aplicación y de intervención del PCF, que está basado en evidencias científicas y aplicado en familias monomarentales. En este apartado incluiremos los aspectos que se deberían considerar en el proceso de aplicación del PCF en materia de sensibilización en términos de género y de etnicidad con familias monomarentales.

Resulta una necessitat urgent promoure programes efectius que centrin els esforços a desenvolupar competències familiars eficaces per prevenir conductes desadaptatives i de consum de substàncies en els fills i filles de famílies monomarentals en contextos d’especial vulnerabilitat social. El PCF, o Programa de Competències Familiars, promou relacions saludables entre mares i fills, incidint en una millor comunicació, supervisió, disciplina i organització familiar. En un primer moment, centrarem els esforços a revisar els factors de risc i de protecció. En segon lloc, ens aproparem a la proposta d’aplicació i intervenció del PCF, que està basat en evidències científiques i aplicat en famílies monomarentals. En aquest apartat inclourem els aspectes que s’haurien de considerar en el procés d’aplicació del PCF en matèria de sensibilització en termes de gènere i d’etnicitat amb famílies monomarentals., Es una necesidad urgente promover programas efectivos que centren los esfuerzos en desarrollar competencias familiares eficaces para prevenir conductas desadaptadas y de consumo de sustancias en los hijos e hijas de familias monomarentales en contextos de vulnerabilidad social. El PCF, o Programa de Competencias Familiares, promueve relaciones saludables entre madres e hijos, incidiendo en una mejor comunicación, supervisión, disciplina y organización familiar. En un primer momento, centraremos los esfuerzos a revisar los factores de riesgo y de protección. En segundo lugar, nos acercaremos a la propuesta de aplicación y de intervención del PCF, que está basado en evidencias científicas y aplicado en familias monomarentales. En este apartado incluiremos los aspectos que se deberían considerar en el proceso de aplicación del PCF en materia de sensibilización en términos de género y de etnicidad con familias monomarentales.

Children from single-parent families fare more poorly on multiple outcomes than those in two-parent families. Most explanations for these differences assume that compromised parenting and parent mental health play a central role. This chapter explores the contribution of a range of factors to the parenting and mental health of single mothers using data from approximately 1000 Australian single mothers with a child aged 4–5 or 8–9 years. The findings show that single mothers are more likely than couple mothers to experience parenting and mental health difficulties; however, they also face heightened adversity in their home and extra-familial environments. Importantly, this comparison of single and couple mothers facing similar levels of adversity shows no difference in poor parenting practices, although single mothers remain more vulnerable to psychological distress. These findings have policy implications since they challenge the prevailing view that single-parent families inherently provide sub-optimal environments for raising children.

Resulta una necessitat urgent promoure programes efectius que centrin els esforços a desenvolupar competències familiars eficaces per prevenir conductes desadaptatives i de consum de substàncies en els fills i filles de famílies monomarentals en contextos d’especial vulnerabilitat social. El PCF, o Programa de Competències Familiars, promou relacions saludables entre mares i fills, incidint en una millor comunicació, supervisió, disciplina i organització familiar. En un primer moment, centrarem els esforços a revisar els factors de risc i de protecció. En segon lloc, ens aproparem a la proposta d’aplicació i intervenció del PCF, que està basat en evidències científiques i aplicat en famílies monomarentals. En aquest apartat inclourem els aspectes que s’haurien de considerar en el procés d’aplicació del PCF en matèria de sensibilització en termes de gènere i d’etnicitat amb famílies monomarentals., Es una necesidad urgente promover programas efectivos que centren los esfuerzos en desarrollar competencias familiares eficaces para prevenir conductas desadaptadas y de consumo de sustancias en los hijos e hijas de familias monomarentales en contextos de vulnerabilidad social. El PCF, o Programa de Competencias Familiares, promueve relaciones saludables entre madres e hijos, incidiendo en una mejor comunicación, supervisión, disciplina y organización familiar. En un primer momento, centraremos los esfuerzos a revisar los factores de riesgo y de protección. En segundo lugar, nos acercaremos a la propuesta de aplicación y de intervención del PCF, que está basado en evidencias científicas y aplicado en familias monomarentales. En este apartado incluiremos los aspectos que se deberían considerar en el proceso de aplicación del PCF en materia de sensibilización en términos de género y de etnicidad con familias monomarentales.

Resulta una necessitat urgent promoure programes efectius que centrin els esforços a desenvolupar competències familiars eficaces per prevenir conductes desadaptatives i de consum de substàncies en els fills i filles de famílies monomarentals en contextos d’especial vulnerabilitat social. El PCF, o Programa de Competències Familiars, promou relacions saludables entre mares i fills, incidint en una millor comunicació, supervisió, disciplina i organització familiar. En un primer moment, centrarem els esforços a revisar els factors de risc i de protecció. En segon lloc, ens aproparem a la proposta d’aplicació i intervenció del PCF, que està basat en evidències científiques i aplicat en famílies monomarentals. En aquest apartat inclourem els aspectes que s’haurien de considerar en el procés d’aplicació del PCF en matèria de sensibilització en termes de gènere i d’etnicitat amb famílies monomarentals., Es una necesidad urgente promover programas efectivos que centren los esfuerzos en desarrollar competencias familiares eficaces para prevenir conductas desadaptadas y de consumo de sustancias en los hijos e hijas de familias monomarentales en contextos de vulnerabilidad social. El PCF, o Programa de Competencias Familiares, promueve relaciones saludables entre madres e hijos, incidiendo en una mejor comunicación, supervisión, disciplina y organización familiar. En un primer momento, centraremos los esfuerzos a revisar los factores de riesgo y de protección. En segundo lugar, nos acercaremos a la propuesta de aplicación y de intervención del PCF, que está basado en evidencias científicas y aplicado en familias monomarentales. En este apartado incluiremos los aspectos que se deberían considerar en el proceso de aplicación del PCF en materia de sensibilización en términos de género y de etnicidad con familias monomarentales.

Resulta una necessitat urgent promoure programes efectius que centrin els esforços a desenvolupar competències familiars eficaces per prevenir conductes desadaptatives i de consum de substàncies en els fills i filles de famílies monomarentals en contextos d’especial vulnerabilitat social. El PCF, o Programa de Competències Familiars, promou relacions saludables entre mares i fills, incidint en una millor comunicació, supervisió, disciplina i organització familiar. En un primer moment, centrarem els esforços a revisar els factors de risc i de protecció. En segon lloc, ens aproparem a la proposta d’aplicació i intervenció del PCF, que està basat en evidències científiques i aplicat en famílies monomarentals. En aquest apartat inclourem els aspectes que s’haurien de considerar en el procés d’aplicació del PCF en matèria de sensibilització en termes de gènere i d’etnicitat amb famílies monomarentals., Es una necesidad urgente promover programas efectivos que centren los esfuerzos en desarrollar competencias familiares eficaces para prevenir conductas desadaptadas y de consumo de sustancias en los hijos e hijas de familias monomarentales en contextos de vulnerabilidad social. El PCF, o Programa de Competencias Familiares, promueve relaciones saludables entre madres e hijos, incidiendo en una mejor comunicación, supervisión, disciplina y organización familiar. En un primer momento, centraremos los esfuerzos a revisar los factores de riesgo y de protección. En segundo lugar, nos acercaremos a la propuesta de aplicación y de intervención del PCF, que está basado en evidencias científicas y aplicado en familias monomarentales. En este apartado incluiremos los aspectos que se deberían considerar en el proceso de aplicación del PCF en materia de sensibilización en términos de género y de etnicidad con familias monomarentales.

Resulta una necessitat urgent promoure programes efectius que centrin els esforços a desenvolupar competències familiars eficaces per prevenir conductes desadaptatives i de consum de substàncies en els fills i filles de famílies monomarentals en contextos d’especial vulnerabilitat social. El PCF, o Programa de Competències Familiars, promou relacions saludables entre mares i fills, incidint en una millor comunicació, supervisió, disciplina i organització familiar. En un primer moment, centrarem els esforços a revisar els factors de risc i de protecció. En segon lloc, ens aproparem a la proposta d’aplicació i intervenció del PCF, que està basat en evidències científiques i aplicat en famílies monomarentals. En aquest apartat inclourem els aspectes que s’haurien de considerar en el procés d’aplicació del PCF en matèria de sensibilització en termes de gènere i d’etnicitat amb famílies monomarentals., Es una necesidad urgente promover programas efectivos que centren los esfuerzos en desarrollar competencias familiares eficaces para prevenir conductas desadaptadas y de consumo de sustancias en los hijos e hijas de familias monomarentales en contextos de vulnerabilidad social. El PCF, o Programa de Competencias Familiares, promueve relaciones saludables entre madres e hijos, incidiendo en una mejor comunicación, supervisión, disciplina y organización familiar. En un primer momento, centraremos los esfuerzos a revisar los factores de riesgo y de protección. En segundo lugar, nos acercaremos a la propuesta de aplicación y de intervención del PCF, que está basado en evidencias científicas y aplicado en familias monomarentales. En este apartado incluiremos los aspectos que se deberían considerar en el proceso de aplicación del PCF en materia de sensibilización en términos de género y de etnicidad con familias monomarentales.

Resulta una necessitat urgent promoure programes efectius que centrin els esforços a desenvolupar competències familiars eficaces per prevenir conductes desadaptatives i de consum de substàncies en els fills i filles de famílies monomarentals en contextos d’especial vulnerabilitat social. El PCF, o Programa de Competències Familiars, promou relacions saludables entre mares i fills, incidint en una millor comunicació, supervisió, disciplina i organització familiar. En un primer moment, centrarem els esforços a revisar els factors de risc i de protecció. En segon lloc, ens aproparem a la proposta d’aplicació i intervenció del PCF, que està basat en evidències científiques i aplicat en famílies monomarentals. En aquest apartat inclourem els aspectes que s’haurien de considerar en el procés d’aplicació del PCF en matèria de sensibilització en termes de gènere i d’etnicitat amb famílies monomarentals., Es una necesidad urgente promover programas efectivos que centren los esfuerzos en desarrollar competencias familiares eficaces para prevenir conductas desadaptadas y de consumo de sustancias en los hijos e hijas de familias monomarentales en contextos de vulnerabilidad social. El PCF, o Programa de Competencias Familiares, promueve relaciones saludables entre madres e hijos, incidiendo en una mejor comunicación, supervisión, disciplina y organización familiar. En un primer momento, centraremos los esfuerzos a revisar los factores de riesgo y de protección. En segundo lugar, nos acercaremos a la propuesta de aplicación y de intervención del PCF, que está basado en evidencias científicas y aplicado en familias monomarentales. En este apartado incluiremos los aspectos que se deberían considerar en el proceso de aplicación del PCF en materia de sensibilización en términos de género y de etnicidad con familias monomarentales.

Resulta una necessitat urgent promoure programes efectius que centrin els esforços a desenvolupar competències familiars eficaces per prevenir conductes desadaptatives i de consum de substàncies en els fills i filles de famílies monomarentals en contextos d’especial vulnerabilitat social. El PCF, o Programa de Competències Familiars, promou relacions saludables entre mares i fills, incidint en una millor comunicació, supervisió, disciplina i organització familiar. En un primer moment, centrarem els esforços a revisar els factors de risc i de protecció. En segon lloc, ens aproparem a la proposta d’aplicació i intervenció del PCF, que està basat en evidències científiques i aplicat en famílies monomarentals. En aquest apartat inclourem els aspectes que s’haurien de considerar en el procés d’aplicació del PCF en matèria de sensibilització en termes de gènere i d’etnicitat amb famílies monomarentals., Es una necesidad urgente promover programas efectivos que centren los esfuerzos en desarrollar competencias familiares eficaces para prevenir conductas desadaptadas y de consumo de sustancias en los hijos e hijas de familias monomarentales en contextos de vulnerabilidad social. El PCF, o Programa de Competencias Familiares, promueve relaciones saludables entre madres e hijos, incidiendo en una mejor comunicación, supervisión, disciplina y organización familiar. En un primer momento, centraremos los esfuerzos a revisar los factores de riesgo y de protección. En segundo lugar, nos acercaremos a la propuesta de aplicación y de intervención del PCF, que está basado en evidencias científicas y aplicado en familias monomarentales. En este apartado incluiremos los aspectos que se deberían considerar en el proceso de aplicación del PCF en materia de sensibilización en términos de género y de etnicidad con familias monomarentales.

Resulta una necessitat urgent promoure programes efectius que centrin els esforços a desenvolupar competències familiars eficaces per prevenir conductes desadaptatives i de consum de substàncies en els fills i filles de famílies monomarentals en contextos d’especial vulnerabilitat social. El PCF, o Programa de Competències Familiars, promou relacions saludables entre mares i fills, incidint en una millor comunicació, supervisió, disciplina i organització familiar. En un primer moment, centrarem els esforços a revisar els factors de risc i de protecció. En segon lloc, ens aproparem a la proposta d’aplicació i intervenció del PCF, que està basat en evidències científiques i aplicat en famílies monomarentals. En aquest apartat inclourem els aspectes que s’haurien de considerar en el procés d’aplicació del PCF en matèria de sensibilització en termes de gènere i d’etnicitat amb famílies monomarentals., Es una necesidad urgente promover programas efectivos que centren los esfuerzos en desarrollar competencias familiares eficaces para prevenir conductas desadaptadas y de consumo de sustancias en los hijos e hijas de familias monomarentales en contextos de vulnerabilidad social. El PCF, o Programa de Competencias Familiares, promueve relaciones saludables entre madres e hijos, incidiendo en una mejor comunicación, supervisión, disciplina y organización familiar. En un primer momento, centraremos los esfuerzos a revisar los factores de riesgo y de protección. En segundo lugar, nos acercaremos a la propuesta de aplicación y de intervención del PCF, que está basado en evidencias científicas y aplicado en familias monomarentales. En este apartado incluiremos los aspectos que se deberían considerar en el proceso de aplicación del PCF en materia de sensibilización en términos de género y de etnicidad con familias monomarentales.

Using a sequential transformative mixed methods approach prioritising qualitative data, the construction of subjective wellbeing of Australian solo mothers was explored in relation to work, welfare and social justice. A purposive sample of 73 solo mothers was recruited for the quantitative part of the study and 15 solo mothers were selected from the sample to interview for the qualitative component. The study was undertaken on a background of welfare reform announced in the Federal Budget for 2005-2006 with changes taking effect from July 1, 2006 affecting many solo mothers with young children. Initial analyses of data obtained through the Personal Wellbeing Index confirmed the hypothesis that the solo mothers in the current study have significantly lower levels of subjective wellbeing compared to the general population of Australia t(72) = -10.28, p < 0.01. Multiple Analysis of Variance identified the variable of “income” to have a significant effect on the four domains of “standard of living” (F(2,35) = 3.61, p < 0.05), “achievements in life” (F(2,35) = 3.67), “sense of safety” (F(2,35) = 3.44, p < 0.05), and “future security” (F(2,35) = 3.97, p < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis also identified income as a significant predictor of subjective wellbeing t = 2.42, p < 0.05. There was no statistically significant difference in subjective wellbeing between solo mothers who worked and those who did not work despite inferences made by other researchers that work has a positive effect on levels of subjective wellbeing. The qualitative part of the current study utilised social constructionism from a feminist theoretical perspective and form of enquiry to explore in depth, the ways in which meanings are attached to experiences and events thus impacting subjective wellbeing. The findings are discussed in light of knowledge presented in the literature review. Similar to results in the quantitative part of the study, qualitative findings revealed income to be a very import

The objectives of the current study were to describe the characteristics of women from single-parent families and bi-parent families; and to compare their scores of social support, stress and self-esteem. We worked with a nonprobabilistic sample of 210 mothers, 105 from bi-parent families and 105 from single-parent families. Participants were interviewed in their houses. The mean age was 39.9 years old, and the children average was 2.1. Main results using Mann-Whitney U to compare differences between types of families showed that single woman score lower on scales of social support and self-esteem, and higher on scale of stress than women from bi-parent families., El objetivo del presente estudio es describir las características de las mujeres por tipo de familia y comparar los puntajes de apoyo social, estrés y autoestima en mujeres de familias biparentales versus mujeres de familias monoparentales. La muestra fue por conveniencia. Fueron entrevistados en sus casas un total de 210 mujeres con hijos, 105 de familias biparentales y 105 de familias monoparentales, las cuales tienen en promedio 39.9 años de edad y 2.1 hijos. Los resultados principales utilizando la U de Mann-Whitney para evaluar las diferencias entre familias, indican que los puntajes de las mujeres de familias monoparentales, en apoyo social y autoestima son menores que los de las mujeres de familias biparentales, y mayores en estrés

The U.S. military child care system is the largest employer-sponsored child care system in the nation, widely recognized for providing high-quality care. A range of different settings enables the system to meet military parents' needs for reliable, high-quality care while recognizing parental preferences concerning environment, size (the number of children cared for in that provider setting), and flexibility. Subsidies based on family income ensure affordability. Despite its size, the military child care system serves only a small percentage of eligible families needing child care assistance. Care in Child Development Centers (CDCs) is quite costly for DoD to provide; care for the youngest children is particularly expensive since parent fees are based on family income and not on the cost of care. Care in Family Child Care (FCC) homes is substantially less costly. There is little evidence that the care provided in DoD-run CDCs and FCC homes addresses DoD employer goals of increased readiness, retention, and recruitment. Moreover, families that cannot or choose not to use CDC or FCC care receive no help covering their child care expenses. Moreover, they may rely on care that is mediocre, given their often limited financial resources and the fact that the average quality of care in civilian communities is generally not high. The Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness asked RAND researchers to use the insight they have gained during several previous studies on military child care to reexamine military child care as a compensation issue and evaluate options for transforming the current military child care system. In this paper, we provide an overview of the military child care system and assess the system's success in cost-effectively meeting DoD readiness, retention, and recruitment goals. In particular, we consider the logic of DoD offering military child care as an in-kind benefit., ISBN 978-0-8330-4414-3.

report: 24 pp.; ill., digital file., The research project pertaining to the exploration of the strengths and challenges facing Aboriginal single mothers in four Western Canadian Cities achieves two goals. First, it documents the development of the research project and illustrated that any future research pertaining to Aboriginal women must recognize the need to adopt a holistic approach that includes the voices of Aboriginal women. Secondly, the project highlights that the daily struggles of Aboriginal single mothers relate to the basic survival of them and their children, and not exclusively to the institutional and systematic causes of poverty that predominates in the literature. It is hoped that the time spent and knowledge shared by these resilient women will offer a springboard for more relevant research in the future that is ultimately driven by those who honour their children and see them as their strength

report: 24 pp.; ill., digital file., The research project pertaining to the exploration of the strengths and challenges facing Aboriginal single mothers in four Western Canadian Cities achieves two goals. First, it documents the development of the research project and illustrated that any future research pertaining to Aboriginal women must recognize the need to adopt a holistic approach that includes the voices of Aboriginal women. Secondly, the project highlights that the daily struggles of Aboriginal single mothers relate to the basic survival of them and their children, and not exclusively to the institutional and systematic causes of poverty that predominates in the literature. It is hoped that the time spent and knowledge shared by these resilient women will offer a springboard for more relevant research in the future that is ultimately driven by those who honour their children and see them as their strength

English: Divorce is an increasing problem which influences the lives of a great number of parents and children in South Africa. The increasing number of divorce cases in South Africa and the impact which custodian, divorced parents have on the adjustment of their children to the divorce situation, serve as the main motivation for this study. The research problem which is the focus of this study is the design and development of a gestalt group work programme for custodian, divorced parents in the early adult phases’ awareness, self-support and integration. The first four phases of the intervention research design and development model are used as the research design. Intervention research is regarded as suitable because as applied research, it focuses on guiding researchers and practitioners to develop effective interventions to address existing human and social problems. To develop a gestalt group work programme, a literature study is undertaken during which the focus is on a theoretical perspective of gestalt therapy as conceptual framework, gestalt group work as therapeutic intervention form and gestalt group work activities and – techniques. A literature review is given next in regard to divorce and potential factors which can influence custodian, divorced parents’ adjustment to the divorce situation in the early adult phase. Although other therapeutic approaches may also be relevant, gestalt therapy is seen as the appropriate conceptual framework for the design and development of a group work programme for custodian, divorced parents on account of the holistic element, theoretical point of departure and objectives which are upheld. To complement the literature study, an empirical study is undertaken in the form of a qualitative study. For the purposes of this study six Afrikaans speaking custodian, divorced parents (both genders), between 20 and 40 years old, are involved. Non-probability selection, namely purposeful test sample out of the universe of participan, Afrikaans: Egskeiding is ‘n groeiende probleemverskynsel in Suid-Afrika waardeur talle ouers en kinders se lewens beïnvloed word. Die toenemende egskeidings in Suid-Afrika en die impak wat toesighoudende, geskeide ouers op hulle kinders se aanpassing by egskeidingsituasies het, dien as hoofmotivering vir die studie. Die navorsingsprobleem wat hierdie studie rig, is die ontwerp en ontwikkeling van ‘n gestaltgroepwerkprogram vir toesighoudende, geskeide ouers in die vroeë volwasse fase se bewustheid, selfondersteuning en integrasie. Die intervensienavorsingsontwerp en -ontwikkelingsmodel se eerste vier fases word as navorsingsontwerp benut. Intervensienavorsing word as gepas beskou, aangesien dit as toegepaste navorsing daarop gerig is om navorsers en praktisyns te lei om effektiewe intervensies te ontwikkel, ten einde as ‘n probleemoplossingsproses bestaande menslike en maatskaplike probleme aan te spreek. ‘n Literatuurstudie word gedoen, waartydens gefokus word op die teoretiese fundering van gestaltterapie as konseptuele raamwerk, gestaltgroepwerk as terapeutiese intervensievorm en gestaltgroepwerkaktiwiteite en -tegnieke wat ten opsigte van hierdie navorsing vir die ontwikkeling van ‘n gestaltgroepwerkprogram geselekteer is. Daarna word ‘n literatuuroorsig gegee ten opsigte van egskeiding en potensiële faktore wat toesighoudende, geskeide ouers se aanpassing by egskeidingsituasies in die vroeë volwasse fase kan beïnvloed. Alhoewel ander terapeutiese benaderings ook toepaslik kon wees, word gestaltterapie vir die ontwerp en ontwikkeling van ‘n groepwerkprogram vir toesighoudende, geskeide ouers in die vroeë volwasse fase as geskikte konseptuele raamwerk beskou vanweë die holistiese inslag, teoretiese uitgangspunte en doelstellings wat gehandhaaf word. Ter aanvulling van die literatuurstudie, word ‘n empiriese ondersoek aan die hand van ‘n kwalitatiewe ondersoek onderneem. Vir die doeleindes van dié ondersoek word ses Afrikaanssprekende toesighoudende, geskeide ouer