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CRUE-CSIC (Acuerdos Transformativos 2022), In this report, a method is proposed for determining the fluctuations of physical and structural properties in metallic ferromagnetic samples by magnetic scanning. The method is based on the shielding of a circular loop electromagnetic field source using a ferromagnetic and metallic sheet. The shielding of the electromagnetic field depends on the field frequency and amplitude as well as the electrical conductivity and magnetic permeability of the sheet. The proposed method does not require winding around the sheet. The experimental AC shielding results are reported., Depto. de Física de Materiales, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub

The presence of antibiotic residues found in beef intended for human consumption has increased considerably in recent years, constituting a serious problem in public health. To evaluate the presence of tetracycline residues, 74 samples of beef from Camal de Santa Rosa (El Oro) were studied, and a rapid tetracycline detection test (Smarkit) was applied. In the analysis we found 24 cases positive to the presence of tetracyclines in the meat representing 32.4% of the total, and 50 negative cases to the test representing 67.6%. Of the 24 positive test cases, 33.34% were animals aged 3 to 4 years, with a statistically significant difference (p <0.05). These findings confirm the non-fulfillment of the withdrawal times in the livestock practice in our country., La presencia de residuos de antibióticos encontrados en la carne bovina destinada al consumo humano ha incrementado considerablemente en los últimos años, constituyendo un grave problema en salud pública. Para evaluar la presencia de residuos de tetraciclinas se estudió 74 muestras de carne bovina del Camal de Santa Rosa (El Oro), y se aplicó una prueba rápida de detección de tetraciclina (Smarkit). En el análisis se encontraron 24 casos positivos a la presencia de tetraciclinas en la carne representando el 32.4 % del total, y 50 casos negativos a la prueba representando el 67.6%. De los 24 casos positivos a la prueba, el 33.34% correspondían a animales cuya edad estaba entre 3 a 4 años existiendo una diferencia estadística significativa (p< 0.05). Estos hallazgos confirman el incumplimiento de los tiempos de retiro en la práctica pecuaria en nuestro país.

The presence of antibiotic residues found in beef intended for human consumption has increased considerably in recent years, constituting a serious problem in public health. To evaluate the presence of tetracycline residues, 74 samples of beef from Camal de Santa Rosa (El Oro) were studied, and a rapid tetracycline detection test (Smarkit) was applied. In the analysis we found 24 cases positive to the presence of tetracyclines in the meat representing 32.4% of the total, and 50 negative cases to the test representing 67.6%. Of the 24 positive test cases, 33.34% were animals aged 3 to 4 years, with a statistically significant difference (p <0.05). These findings confirm the non-fulfillment of the withdrawal times in the livestock practice in our country., La presencia de residuos de antibióticos encontrados en la carne bovina destinada al consumo humano ha incrementado considerablemente en los últimos años, constituyendo un grave problema en salud pública. Para evaluar la presencia de residuos de tetraciclinas se estudió 74 muestras de carne bovina del Camal de Santa Rosa (El Oro), y se aplicó una prueba rápida de detección de tetraciclina (Smarkit). En el análisis se encontraron 24 casos positivos a la presencia de tetraciclinas en la carne representando el 32.4 % del total, y 50 casos negativos a la prueba representando el 67.6%. De los 24 casos positivos a la prueba, el 33.34% correspondían a animales cuya edad estaba entre 3 a 4 años existiendo una diferencia estadística significativa (p< 0.05). Estos hallazgos confirman el incumplimiento de los tiempos de retiro en la práctica pecuaria en nuestro país.

The presence of antibiotic residues found in beef intended for human consumption has increased considerably in recent years, constituting a serious problem in public health. To evaluate the presence of tetracycline residues, 74 samples of beef from Camal de Santa Rosa (El Oro) were studied, and a rapid tetracycline detection test (Smarkit) was applied. In the analysis we found 24 cases positive to the presence of tetracyclines in the meat representing 32.4% of the total, and 50 negative cases to the test representing 67.6%. Of the 24 positive test cases, 33.34% were animals aged 3 to 4 years, with a statistically significant difference (p <0.05). These findings confirm the non-fulfillment of the withdrawal times in the livestock practice in our country., La presencia de residuos de antibióticos encontrados en la carne bovina destinada al consumo humano ha incrementado considerablemente en los últimos años, constituyendo un grave problema en salud pública. Para evaluar la presencia de residuos de tetraciclinas se estudió 74 muestras de carne bovina del Camal de Santa Rosa (El Oro), y se aplicó una prueba rápida de detección de tetraciclina (Smarkit). En el análisis se encontraron 24 casos positivos a la presencia de tetraciclinas en la carne representando el 32.4 % del total, y 50 casos negativos a la prueba representando el 67.6%. De los 24 casos positivos a la prueba, el 33.34% correspondían a animales cuya edad estaba entre 3 a 4 años existiendo una diferencia estadística significativa (p< 0.05). Estos hallazgos confirman el incumplimiento de los tiempos de retiro en la práctica pecuaria en nuestro país.

The presence of antibiotic residues found in beef intended for human consumption has increased considerably in recent years, constituting a serious problem in public health. To evaluate the presence of tetracycline residues, 74 samples of beef from Camal de Santa Rosa (El Oro) were studied, and a rapid tetracycline detection test (Smarkit) was applied. In the analysis we found 24 cases positive to the presence of tetracyclines in the meat representing 32.4% of the total, and 50 negative cases to the test representing 67.6%. Of the 24 positive test cases, 33.34% were animals aged 3 to 4 years, with a statistically significant difference (p <0.05). These findings confirm the non-fulfillment of the withdrawal times in the livestock practice in our country., La presencia de residuos de antibióticos encontrados en la carne bovina destinada al consumo humano ha incrementado considerablemente en los últimos años, constituyendo un grave problema en salud pública. Para evaluar la presencia de residuos de tetraciclinas se estudió 74 muestras de carne bovina del Camal de Santa Rosa (El Oro), y se aplicó una prueba rápida de detección de tetraciclina (Smarkit). En el análisis se encontraron 24 casos positivos a la presencia de tetraciclinas en la carne representando el 32.4 % del total, y 50 casos negativos a la prueba representando el 67.6%. De los 24 casos positivos a la prueba, el 33.34% correspondían a animales cuya edad estaba entre 3 a 4 años existiendo una diferencia estadística significativa (p< 0.05). Estos hallazgos confirman el incumplimiento de los tiempos de retiro en la práctica pecuaria en nuestro país.

Water quality criteria regulating silver discharge to the environment have been heavily scrutinized by both the photographic industry and the regulatory community over the last decade. In the United States, there is now a general consensus that the present regulatory framework, which is based on work done in the 1970's, fails to appropriately assess the impact of silver in the environment. Nonetheless, other countries have begun developing water quality criteria for silver which are in many cases based on this same old toxicological information. The present thesis addresses the need for new information, and specifically characterizes the toxicological, physiological and biochemical responses of freshwater fish to waterborne and dietary exposures of silver. This thesis provides concrete evidence that acute waterborne toxicity in juvenile rainbow trout is produced by the free Ag+ ion, yielding 4 to 7-day LC50 values ranging from 3.1 to 5.5 μg/L Ag+ . In comparison, LC50 values varied by as much as 30-fold during toxicity tests in which complexing agents such as chloride and dissolved organic carbon were manipulated. Using these data, together with other recently published results from physiologically-based studies, a new acute toxicity model has been developed within a Biotic Ligand Modeling (BLM) framework where the geochemistry of the receiving water is taken into account. This new acute toxicity model is unique in that it relates toxicity to a prediction of the binding of Ag+ to toxic sites on the gill, rather than to a prediction of total gill silver load. This distinction is important because the total bioaccumulated silver load appears to be unrelated to the acute toxic response. Silver accumulated in the liver is shown to bind to metallothionein within the cell, possibly explaining why silver can accumulate to high levels in the liver during waterborne silver exposure with no apparent toxicity to the fish. Chronic exposure to low levels of silver results in, Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)