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Dosadašnja istraživanja pokazala su da je osjetljivost na odbijanje prediktor depresivnih simptoma, međutim nije jasno je li spol moderator tog odnosa. Cilj ovog rada bio je longitudinalno ispitati doprinos osjetljivosti na odbijanje depresivnim simptomima studenata i provjeriti moderacijsku ulogu spola u tom odnosu. U petomjesečnom istraživanju u dva vala prikupljanja podataka sudjelovalo je 277 studenata (53 muškarca) od 18 do 29 godina. Rezultati su pokazali da je, uz kontrolu početne razine depresivnih simptoma, osjetljivost na odbijanje bila prediktor depresivnih simptoma studentica nakon pet mjeseci, ali ne i studenata. Studentice osjetljive na odbijanje imale su veći porast depresivnih simptoma u promatranom razdoblju nego studentice manje osjetljive na odbijanje. Rezultati za studentice u skladu su s teorijom osjetljivosti na odbijanje, dok nalaze za studente treba dalje provjeriti., Previous studies showed that rejection sensitivity is a predictor of depressive symptoms. However, it is not clear whether gender is a moderator in this relation. This study aims to longitudinally examine the contribution of rejection sensitivity to depressive symptoms in university students and the moderating role of gender in that relation. A longitudinal research with a two-wave data collection five months apart included 277 students (53 male) aged between 18 and 29 years. The results showed that, controlling for the initial level of depressive symptoms, rejection sensitivity predicted the level of depressive symptoms after five months in female but not in male students. Females with higher rejection sensitivity showed higher increase in depressive symptoms in a five- -month period than females with lower rejection sensitivity. The results for females are in line with the rejection sensitivity theory, while the results for males require further research.

Dosadašnja istraživanja pokazala su da je osjetljivost na odbijanje prediktor depresivnih simptoma, međutim nije jasno je li spol moderator tog odnosa. Cilj ovog rada bio je longitudinalno ispitati doprinos osjetljivosti na odbijanje depresivnim simptomima studenata i provjeriti moderacijsku ulogu spola u tom odnosu. U petomjesečnom istraživanju u dva vala prikupljanja podataka sudjelovalo je 277 studenata (53 muškarca) od 18 do 29 godina. Rezultati su pokazali da je, uz kontrolu početne razine depresivnih simptoma, osjetljivost na odbijanje bila prediktor depresivnih simptoma studentica nakon pet mjeseci, ali ne i studenata. Studentice osjetljive na odbijanje imale su veći porast depresivnih simptoma u promatranom razdoblju nego studentice manje osjetljive na odbijanje. Rezultati za studentice u skladu su s teorijom osjetljivosti na odbijanje, dok nalaze za studente treba dalje provjeriti., Previous studies showed that rejection sensitivity is a predictor of depressive symptoms. However, it is not clear whether gender is a moderator in this relation. This study aims to longitudinally examine the contribution of rejection sensitivity to depressive symptoms in university students and the moderating role of gender in that relation. A longitudinal research with a two-wave data collection five months apart included 277 students (53 male) aged between 18 and 29 years. The results showed that, controlling for the initial level of depressive symptoms, rejection sensitivity predicted the level of depressive symptoms after five months in female but not in male students. Females with higher rejection sensitivity showed higher increase in depressive symptoms in a five- -month period than females with lower rejection sensitivity. The results for females are in line with the rejection sensitivity theory, while the results for males require further research.

Objective: This study aims to systematically review all Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) with recommendations for peripartum depression in European countries. Methods: A systematic review according to the PRISMA statement was conducted. CPGs focussing on peripartum depression or with at least one specific recommendation for peripartum depression from European countries were selected. Searching was conducted in electronic databases (MEDLINE and PsycINFO), and by contacting professional societies and international experts until November 24th, 2021. Characteristics of the included CPGs and their recommendations were extracted. A methodological quality assessment was conducted using the AGREE-II tool. Results: A total of 239 records were identified after duplicate removal. Of these, 54 were examined for full-text inspection. The final selection yielded 14 CPGs from 11 European countries in 10 languages. Of them, 11 provided recommendations on pharmacological treatments, 10 on psychological treatment (e.g., cognitive-behavioural therapy), 10 on screening, 8 on diagnosis, 6 on other treatments (e.g., physical exercise), 5 on prevention, and 5 other recommendations (e.g., provide information). Regarding the overall methodological quality, only five (35.7%) guidelines were rated as of adequate quality, reaching a score ≥ 70% in the overall assessment of the AGREE-II instrument. Of the six AGREE-II domains, applicability scored the lowest and clarity of presentation scored the highest. Conclusion: The absence of CPGs in most European countries, the discrepancy in recommendations and the low methodological quality of the guidelines may lead to disparities and inequalities in peripartum depression management in Europe. The COST Action Riseup-PPD highlights key considerations for future guideline developers.

The City Infant Faces Database (CIFD; Webb et al., 2018) is a database of 154 infant emotional expressions for use in experimental studies of infant facial communication, facial expression recognition, and parental sensitivity. The CIFD was validated only in a small sample from the general public and student midwives and nurses in the UK. This study, therefore, aimed to validate it in a larger sample of Croatian students and parents of 1-12 months old infants. Three-hundred and fifty students (Study 1), 422 mothers and 106 fathers (Study 2) were presented with images of Caucasian infant faces. The students rated images from the CIFD and Tromsø Infant Faces. They also completed questionnaires measuring empathy, alexithymia, and perceiving and expressing emotions. The parents rated the valence of facial expressions of images from the CIFD. The results were consistent with the initial validation in both the students and parents’ sample, except that agreement for negative images was lower for Croatian parents than in the UK study. Compared to the UK study, students rated images as more intense, clear, genuine, and reported stronger internal emotion. Furthermore, there was no difference in accuracy between mothers and fathers or between first-time parents and experienced parents. The CIFD is, therefore, a promising tool for research and should be further validated in other countries, focusing on its predictive validity., Baza dojenačkih lica City (engl. City Infant Faces Database, CIFD; Webb i sur., 2018) sadržava 154 slike emocionalnih ekspresija dojenčadi koje se mogu koristiti u eksperimentalnim istraživanjima dojenačke facijalne komunikacije, prepoznavanja facijalne ekspresije i roditeljske osjetljivosti. CIFD je validiran samo na malome uzorku iz opće populacije i na studentima primaljstva i sestrinstva u Ujedinjenome Kraljevstvu (UK). Stoga je cilj ovoga istraživanja bio validacija baze na većemu uzorku hrvatskih studenata te roditelja dojenčadi u dobi od 1 do 12 mjeseci. Tristo pedeset studenata (Istraživanje 1) te 422 majke i 106 očeva (Istraživanje 2) gledali su slike dojenačkih lica bijele rase. Studenti su procjenjivali slike iz CIFD-a i Baze dojenačkih lica Tromsø. Također su ispunili upitnike koji mjere empatiju, aleksitimiju te prepoznavanje i ekspresiju emocija. Roditelji su procjenjivali valenciju facijalnih ekspresija slika iz CIFD-a. Rezultati i kod studenata i kod roditelja u skladu su s inicijalnom validacijom, osim što je slaganje za negativne ekspresije niže kod hrvatskih roditelja nego u istraživanju provedenome u UK-u. U usporedbi s istraživanjem provedenim u UK-u studenti su procjenjivali slike kao intenzivnije, jasnije i autentičnije te su kod njih izazivale snažnije emocije. Nadalje, nije bilo razlike u točnosti između majki i očeva ili između onih koji su roditelji prvi put i onih koji su iskusni roditelji. Stoga možemo zaključiti da je CIFD obećavajući instrument za istraživačke svrhe te bi ga trebalo dalje validirati u drugim državama, usmjeravajući se pritom na njegovu prediktivnu valjanost.

The City Infant Faces Database (CIFD; Webb et al., 2018) is a database of 154 infant emotional expressions for use in experimental studies of infant facial communication, facial expression recognition, and parental sensitivity. The CIFD was validated only in a small sample from the general public and student midwives and nurses in the UK. This study, therefore, aimed to validate it in a larger sample of Croatian students and parents of 1-12 months old infants. Three-hundred and fifty students (Study 1), 422 mothers and 106 fathers (Study 2) were presented with images of Caucasian infant faces. The students rated images from the CIFD and Tromsø Infant Faces. They also completed questionnaires measuring empathy, alexithymia, and perceiving and expressing emotions. The parents rated the valence of facial expressions of images from the CIFD. The results were consistent with the initial validation in both the students and parents’ sample, except that agreement for negative images was lower for Croatian parents than in the UK study. Compared to the UK study, students rated images as more intense, clear, genuine, and reported stronger internal emotion. Furthermore, there was no difference in accuracy between mothers and fathers or between first-time parents and experienced parents. The CIFD is, therefore, a promising tool for research and should be further validated in other countries, focusing on its predictive validity., Baza dojenačkih lica City (engl. City Infant Faces Database, CIFD; Webb i sur., 2018) sadržava 154 slike emocionalnih ekspresija dojenčadi koje se mogu koristiti u eksperimentalnim istraživanjima dojenačke facijalne komunikacije, prepoznavanja facijalne ekspresije i roditeljske osjetljivosti. CIFD je validiran samo na malome uzorku iz opće populacije i na studentima primaljstva i sestrinstva u Ujedinjenome Kraljevstvu (UK). Stoga je cilj ovoga istraživanja bio validacija baze na većemu uzorku hrvatskih studenata te roditelja dojenčadi u dobi od 1 do 12 mjeseci. Tristo pedeset studenata (Istraživanje 1) te 422 majke i 106 očeva (Istraživanje 2) gledali su slike dojenačkih lica bijele rase. Studenti su procjenjivali slike iz CIFD-a i Baze dojenačkih lica Tromsø. Također su ispunili upitnike koji mjere empatiju, aleksitimiju te prepoznavanje i ekspresiju emocija. Roditelji su procjenjivali valenciju facijalnih ekspresija slika iz CIFD-a. Rezultati i kod studenata i kod roditelja u skladu su s inicijalnom validacijom, osim što je slaganje za negativne ekspresije niže kod hrvatskih roditelja nego u istraživanju provedenome u UK-u. U usporedbi s istraživanjem provedenim u UK-u studenti su procjenjivali slike kao intenzivnije, jasnije i autentičnije te su kod njih izazivale snažnije emocije. Nadalje, nije bilo razlike u točnosti između majki i očeva ili između onih koji su roditelji prvi put i onih koji su iskusni roditelji. Stoga možemo zaključiti da je CIFD obećavajući instrument za istraživačke svrhe te bi ga trebalo dalje validirati u drugim državama, usmjeravajući se pritom na njegovu prediktivnu valjanost.