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Performance appraisal systems (PAS) have been identified as one of the most difficult tasks in human resource management, with a negative impact on employee-employer relationships. It not only inspires employees but also increases an organization's production. Performance assessment is regarded as a critical tool and is used in virtually all types of organizations, with a few exceptions. Performance assessment systems have integrated new values and desirable behaviors in an attempt to influence the actions and attitudes of employees in businesses. Organizations have been more eager in recent years to improve the performance of their personnel. The chapter's aim is to discover the performance assessment method used in businesses and its impact on employee competencies and efficiency. It focuses on the issues and repercussions that companies confront, as well as the best practices implemented for effective implementation. Using data from 150 workers and regression research, we will evaluate and investigate the relationship between employee happiness and maximizing company performance with or without the level of supervising employee as a moderating variable. We discovered that quality connection supervisor employee plays an important function and can improve job happiness. This research also makes recommendations for strengthening the connection between the supervisor and the employee, as well as the efficacy of performance assessment in a company. Finally, this paper study will make recommendations on how to enhance supervisor-employee relationships in order to boost the degree of work satisfaction among employees in a government organization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A thin Nb target on a Pb backing was fabricated using the rolling technique. In the present work, the characterization of the sample has been carried out using various techniques to study the surface morphology, crystallography, elemental analysis, thickness and electrical conductivity useful for the intended use of the target prepared. The thin Nb target was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Rutherford back-scattering spectroscopy (RBS) techniques. The uniform and smooth surface of the sample was confirmed by SEM imaging. The presence of oxygen in the EDS spectra and peaks corresponding to crystal planes of PbO2 in the XRD spectrum confirms the oxidation of Pb foil. The XRD spectrum shows clear peaks corresponding to (011), (002), (112) crystal planes of pure Nb. The thickness of the thin Nb foil measured using the RBS techniques was found to be 0.8 mg/cm2. The current(I)-voltage(V) curve (relationship between the current flowing through an electronic device and the applied voltage across its terminals) at room temperature for the Pb and Nb/Pb foils was plotted and showed linear relationship between applied voltage and current flowing through the target foil. The measured electrical conductivity indicates an enhancement of 35.9 % for Nb/Pb foil relative to the conductivity measured for the Pb foil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, the structural and optical properties of magneto plumbite structured SrFe12-xDyxO19 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 4.0 %mol) samples were investigated. Sol-gel synthesis technique was employed for the preparation of undoped and Dy3+ doped strontium hexaferrites. The hexagonal structure of prepared samples was confirmed by XRD pattern analysis. The morphological analysis was done by SEM. The FTIR spectra show the absorption band in the 420-620cm-1 region which is due to Fe-O stretching vibration in the octahedral and tetrahedral sites. The band gap of the prepared samples estimated using Tauc plot. The photoluminescence (PL) emission spectra depict intense emission peak centered on 688 nm due to 4F9/2 to 6H11/2 transition of the Dy3+ ions. The PL emission intensity increases upto 2.4 mol% doping of Dy3+ ions, after that it decreases due to concentration quenching. This research contributes to our understanding of materials with potential applications for sustainable technology, emphasizing the importance of advancing eco-friendly solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]