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The article is devoted to the determination of trends caused by the massive use of information technologies in education and the globalization of the educational services market. The study is based on a generalization of official statistics and student surveys. The results of the study make it possible to generalize the trends in the development of information technologies in education, including the expansion of students' digital skills, the acquisition of skills in working with information technologies, computer equipment, the design and exchange of educational content in the digital environment, the mass coverage of the population with educational content as a result of an increase in the availability of educational resources and an increase in the adaptability of educational programs, the possibility of building individual learning trajectories for a wide range of digital content users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve the quality of medical care to the population of the Russian Federation, the optimal use of the resources of the healthcare system, and the efficiency of healthcare in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, there is currently an acute issue of increasing the level of training of medical specialists who are proficient in modern methods of diagnosing and treating diseases, capable of applying the latest medical advances of science, to ensure the prophylactic focus of patient management. A professional educational program for training specialists, and primarily doctors, must meet the requirements of the labor market and professional standards. The organization of the educational process of the educational organization of higher education is currently undergoing significant changes in accordance with the main directions of modernization of higher education in the Russian Federation. In this regard, the exchange of experience on the educational policy of various universities is highly relevant. The authors analyzed the introduction of massive open online courses into the educational process as an innovative pedagogical technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The assessment of the interaction effect in the systems of complex nature, for example international educational networks, is a necessary part of the research in the design of the informational architecture. It is needed for determination the form and conditions of the resource exchange in the educational projects of international cooperation. This article presents the results of system dynamics modeling of target interaction indicators of an active educational project using the data for five years. We determined the limiting values of the main indicators of the educational network participants interaction and we set the conditions for the entry of new participants into the network according to the criterion of saving the balance of interaction resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Proposing the distinctions between internal and external linguistics, F. de Saussure could hardly anticipate a fantastic impact, which social, geopolitical and technological progress (an external phenomena) would exert on the linguistic paradigm (an internal entity) change. Anyway, this influence is traceable. The increasingly globalizing world, appearance of trans-national corporations, cooperative events, broadening academic exchanges promote the establishment of the English language in the status of a lingua franca. This motivates and stimulates the desire and necessity to learn English not only in its capacity of commonplace communication practices (EGP) but as professional communication tool (ESP). The goals of mastering these two counterpart acquirements turn out to be different, the methods have to be improved, the tools of teaching to be varied. The conceptual statement of the undertaken research establishes reciprocal dependency relations in dichotomies "paradigm - method" and "goal - tool". The shift of linguistic paradigm is externally determined. The claim of the article is that alongside all the obvious developments in educational domain there are constituents, which retain their position though they may change their formal attire. One of these constants is the textbook whose functional loads are essential for it supplies thematically and professionally relevant information, brings the teaching materials to order and designates the learning algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Limited financial resources available for science research and training in Latin America preclude most young scientists from having international experiences. This limitation has an impact on their development as scientists because it restricts the opportunities to interact with cutting-edge researchers and receive mentoring from such professionals. The lack of international forums in which to present their work may limit the expansion of their soft skills in areas such as oral communication, especially regarding giving scientific presentations in the English language. The popularity of online technologies, even in developing countries, allows for new methods in which students can have international experiences without extensive costs. Methods: The International Academic Virtual Exchange network (IAVE) was created as a way to provide students in the developing world access and collaborations with international partners. The student members of this network include graduate students in Medical Physics as well as Physics undergraduates. The network currently has members from 10 different countries in the Americas and Europe. Activities such as weekly journal clubs, scientific conferences, workshops and a peer-reviewed annual congress are organized online using free software that allow for real-time audience interaction via chat or video. Most activities are conducted in English, with occasional activities in Spanish, to allow participation of students at all levels of English command. The annual IAVE Congress accepts abstracts in two modalities, original research and literature review. This allows students with limited access to research opportunities, the chance to hone their literature research, and presentation skills using their available resources. Both modalities undergo the same peer-review process and students present through videoconference to an international audience. Results and discussion: Since 2017, IAVE has hosted over 60 webinars, including weekly sessions, covering subjects from clinical applications of radiation to professional development topics, such as scientific communication. These webinars include presentations of both graduate and undergraduate students in Latin America and the United States. Webinars with professional speakers are organized at each site institution and broadcast to the IAVE network, giving its members the chance to interact with those experts. Two IAVE Congresses have been organized thus far, with participation of 11 students in 2018 and another 11 in 2019, for a total of 18 different students from Latin America (graduate and undergraduate level) and 4 students from the United States (graduate level). The Congresses had online audiences in the Americas and Europe. Mentoring activities and research opportunities are organized at each site institution and across-sites. Conclusions: It is possible to establish a beneficial, fruitful, international relationship between initially unaffiliated institutions with limited resources, through the efforts and commitment of participating members. IAVE has been able to plan and execute several types of activities that increase the opportunities of interaction between members regardless of geographical limitations, providing students the opportunity to participate in international scientific activities, even without physical access to research or travel funding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on a study related to how exchange diplomacy, namely the case of the U.S. educational and cultural exchange, the Fulbright Program, has been evaluated in the existing literature. It discusses commonly used research methodology and offers survey data to argue that alternative voices, such as those of program administrators, have a great deal to contribute.

Since the beginning of the post-colonial era, to teach English and assist foreign people overseas-in different institutions and universities- in their teaching of it hasbecome a very important educational investment of the British Council. Indeed, the more the people who understand and speak English world-wide, the wider are the prospects for every Briton looking for any Business, social or academic exchanges with overseas people. Besides, the world-wide knowledge of the English language by foreign people, in general, and by former British colonies such as Nigeria, in a more particular way, offers an opportunity to protect British interests, spread and further cultural, commercial and political influence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of the global trend of internationalisation, and aiming specifically to support our students on their exchange programmes and to enhance cultural integration on campus with an increasing number of international students, the Independent Learning Centre (ILC) at The Chinese University of Hong Kong has produced a series of online micro-learning modules titled "Interacting Across Cultures." While there are free online learning resources available helping students to improve their understanding across cultures to enable them to benefit from the exchange experience at the academic, linguistic, personal and cultural levels, most of them are mainly from low-context cultures, such as the United States, preparing students for stays in other cultures. Very few, if any, resources are available to cater to the needs of students from high-context cultures, such as Hong Kong and China. Seeing such a gap and motivated by recent research which suggests that meaningful pre-departure preparation significantly increases the value of students' study abroad experience (e.g. Hammer, 2012), the ILC has therefore created a series of five micro-learning modules on the following topics: What is Culture? / Communication Styles / How to Achieve Your Goals / Culture Shock and Other Obstacles / How to Make Sense of Intercultural Experiences. Interested students can complete them anytime, anywhere, and at the pace they are most comfortable with. The content is accessed via interactive webpages on desktops and mobile devices. Supported by appealing visuals, interactive exercises, reflection activities as well as further independent learning resources, the modules can benefit not only departing students, but also all students who want to integrate better with students who come from a different cultural background on campus or who want to increase their cross-cultural understanding for their future career. This paper describes the need for the creation of the modules, the development of their content, as well as some of the design challenges that had to be overcome in the process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Academic conferences can promote academic exchanges among researchers. As the core of academic conferences, they inject soul into academic conferences. Here, we put forward the evaluation of researchers' academic conference active degree from the perspective of participation. This paper mainly proposes to apply the "h‐index" and the "p‐index" to the active degree evaluation of researchers, which is a particularly simple and useful method to describe the scientific output of a researcher in academic meetings. The relevant indices are extended to the participation indices, forming the p‐index of participation. Introduce the participation rate to improve the original h‐index and form the h‐index of participation. The evaluation effect of each index is analyzed from the consistency, difference and correlation between them. The results support the conclusion that the p(p)‐index can well reflect the value of researchers' lifetime contribution, and the h(p)‐index can reflect the degree of loyalty of researchers better. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is increasingly acknowledged, that academia plays an important role in a country's cyber readiness. Nations have started investing in new cyber-related programs at colleges and universities, promoting academic exchange with friendly countries, as well as putting effort into improved cooperation between industries and scholars in the area of cyber. In many cases the efforts focus largely on computer science and closely related branches of science. However, the very nature of the cyberspace as both a continuation and a reflection of the physical world requires a broader perspective on academic assets required to create and sustain sound cyber defense capabilities. Acknowledging this premise, this paper sets out to map branches of science that significantly contribute to the domain known as cyber. The first main aspect of the paper outlines the major branches that in the past have significantly contributed to generation of knowledge as well as development of skills that are necessary for a nation to maintain sustainable cyber readiness. Thereafter interdependencies between branches of science are identified in order to map out points of necessary collaboration, arguing that a nation's cyber defense draws great advantage from broad interdisciplinary efforts. In many cases, such collaboration is already being carried out and/or actively encouraged by policy makers, the academic establishment or both. However, it is argued that not all necessary collaborations are yet being carried out. Such desirable cooperation is mapped out and argued for in the final part of the paper. This paper acknowledges scholarly contributions produced and published in English and Russian languages, which also allows the identification of a focal point that is set in the respective academic environment. The results of the presented research can be of broad use for policy makers whenever it is necessary to assess to what extent cyber-related issues are covered academically within a nation. Further, personnel tasked with creation and improvement of cyber-related academic programs will find use in these findings when developing comprehensive curricula. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study which examined a tuition-neutral consortium-based model centered on easy access to core courses in a standard engineering curriculum aimed at increasing the global competency of engineering students and relates how strategic partnerships such as consortia can help in meeting these needs, is presented. Topics covered include two successful consortiums, the Institute of International Education (IIE) and the UAS7 consortium in Germany among seven universities of applied sciences.

The article examines the conditions that influence the choice of African students to pursue higher education in India and the role education migration in general human migration. Topics discussed include a background on education exchanges and the Indo-African relations focusing on educational exchanges between Africa and India.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the fulfillment of the parameters of the Bologna Process in the education system of Kazakhstan. The author gives short review of higher education system of the Republic of Kazakhstan with necessary data. And the weaknesses of the system of higher education are identified. Moreover, implementing recommendations of the Bologna Process based on international cooperation and academic exchange are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to analyze the way of communication among students of the Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad. It is the intention of the authors to investigate whether students rather choose Facebook instead of official forum of the faculty as a medium for exchanging information. Havnig all that in mind, the main topics on these social network sites - issues related to exams, lists of books and bibliographic units available to purchase, problems that students are faced with in educational process and studying, job advertisements, grants and scholarships and other important events in a students` life (parties, promotions etc.), will be discussed. Based on research results, it could be said that Facebook is much more used among student population as a medium of communication than forum on the official site of the faculty. Also, it is believed that students of the Faculty of Philosophy are encouraged to involved themselves in leaving comments, discussion, voting, giving feedback and sharing information with their peers on Facebook. Furthermore, the daily number of users and the topics discussed is increasing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, International Education in the form of Study Abroad has gained significant attention, both in and outside of the academic world. Although a wide pool of research has accumulated examining the effects of the Study Abroad experience on its participants, a clear answer to the following question has not emerged: "What are the outcomes of SA for participants?" The present study uses a sample of extant Study Abroad research to explain why this question has not been answered. First, Study Abroad is put into context, both historically and academically. Second, the sample of extant research is analyzed to expose methodological problems and general limitations. Lastly, the data gathered from the sample studies is used to develop a model to benefit future research. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two theories have been dominant in the studies of elite under state-socialism. Walder's theory of "divided elite" depicts two distinct elite groups as cadre elite and professional elite. Szelenyi's theory of "differentiated elite" takes on the issue of differentiation of former elite in transitional post-socialist societies. As neither of the theories could fully capture or explain the dynamic of elite mobility in contemporary China, the author proposes a theoretical model of "elite exchange and in-group reproduction," meaning that during the course of moving toward market economy, the elite, consisting of bureaucratic, technocratic and professional elite, realize the free exchange of personnel among their offspring and simultaneously decrease the chance of upward-mobility for non-elite. As these elite groups are penetrable to each other and do not solidify each one as a closed group, they have formed a united, cooperative and stable elite class and reproduced themselves across generations. Elite exchange and in-group reproduction contains two mechanisms: elite exclusion and elite exchange. The author's empirical analysis provides preliminary evidence that elite exclusion functions by providing better chances of receiving higher education for elite's than non-elite's children, although more equal chance to becoming a Party member mediates the effect of elite exclusion to some extent. The mechanism of elite exchange is that by shifting to another social domain, the elite could usually find a better niche in which to prosper under new circumstances caused by the transformation to market economy. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated papers posted on bioRXiv. In 2013–19, 17,818 papers were published in academic journals, accounting for 40.67% of the total publication. Among them, the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection recorded journals of 16,525 published papers, accounting for 92.74% of the total. The following conclusions can be drawn. (1) Results indicate scientists' attention to the preprint system. (2) A large number of papers still use traditional publishing as the ultimate goal. (3) Because the posted papers scrutinized in this study were published in journals with a high impact factor, they have attracted the attention of many scientists. Nevertheless, we believe that the preprint platform will play a greater role from the academic exchange perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the integration of scientific competences on international level by the Department of Wood Processing of Latvia University of Agriculture. It is intended to define strategic research programme in important issues to foster the exchange of students on international level. The international integration is ensured on scientific level and in academic environment. Students can develop competences by introducing study courses on interdisciplinary marketing and logistics

Over the past decade, representation of racial and cultural Others in tourism media texts has become an important scholarly concern. Researchers working in this area view tourism processes as part of a broad discursive framework, which is inscribed with relationships of power and dominance. These relationships are manifested in and maintained through tourism texts, which are characterized by established representations of destinations that reflect broader social ideologies about race, ethnicity, gender, sexuality, etc., privileging dominant groups at the expense of others. Thus far, however, analyses of tourism media representations have focused predominantly on mass tourism promotional materials produced either by for-profit agencies or by government organizations charged with encouraging local economic development through increased tourism revenues. Lacking has been an assessment of promotional materials produced by non-profit tourism brokers, as exemplified by the phenomenon of university study abroad tourism. This study interrogates the promotional literature of a popular American study abroad program, Semester at Sea (SAS), in order to determine whether its depictions of destinations and people differ from those found in mainstream mass tourism media texts. Grounded in post-colonial theory, and employing a three-pronged method of content, semiotic, and discourse analysis, it argues that while SAS embraces a mission of promoting cross-cultural understanding and global citizenship, the program nevertheless continues to (re)produce hegemonic depictions of "non-westerners," asserting a western superiority ideology by polarizing the West and the Rest into binaries of modern/traditional, technologically advanced/backward, and master/servant, and decomplexifying the globalization process by presenting the non-West as exotic, culturally pristine, and filled with happy natives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The commonly used exhortation to "think outside the box" takes on new meaning when the "box" is prison. The Inside-Out Prison Exchange Program creates an opportunity for college students and incarcerated men and women to explore issues of crime and justice together behind prison walls. In the exchange, everyone has an equal voice as the group considers some of the central themes involved in criminal justice (e.g., what prisons are for, why people commit crime, victims and victimization, etc.). This liberating educational experience transforms a space within the prison into a place of dignity, creativity, and relative freedom. This paper discusses some preliminary observations of the impact of these discussions on the participants who are incarcerated, based on the author's experience with the course over 23 semesters. The challenge to "think outside the box" while living inside the box can lead to some transformative possibilities. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]