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The Commission on International Adult Education (CIAE) of the American Association for Adult and Continuing Education (AAACE) provides a forum for the discussion of international issues related to adult education in general, as well as adult education in various countries around the globe. These papers are from the CIAE 2020 Virtual International Pre-Conference. The global aberration, called COVID-19, defined 2020 beyond national borders. COVID-19 reshaped the format of the 69th annual AAACE conference by replacing the traditional bustling human interaction with virtual meetings and presentations. These "Proceedings" contain 12 papers from 17 authors. The preeminence of COVID-19 in the 2020 International Pre-Conference papers demonstrates CIAE's commitment to being globally responsive and relevant. The word COVID appearing 88 times and COVID-19 appearing 86 times with mentions in two paper titles are an acknowledgement of the common threads of humanity and of hope for a surpassing future. [Individual papers are indexed in ERIC.]

Eleven papers delivered for the Division of Libraries Serving the General Public at the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions 1992 annual meeting are presented. Most deal with library services to multicultural populations, including those of developing countries. The following papers are included: (1) "Library Provision to Indians Living in Malaysia" (K. S. Mun); (2) "Library Services to Indians in Canada" (U. Prasada-Kole); (3) "Library Services to the Indian Population in the United States" (R. N. Sharma); (4) "The Southern Ontario Multilingual Pool: A Model for Cooperative Library Service Development" (S. Skrzeszewski); (5) "Meeting Information Needs of Slow, Average and Gifted Learners" (M. Kapoor); (6) "The Application of Information Technology (IT) in Public Libraries in Developing Countries" (P. Borchardt); (7) "The Role of the Public Library in Combating Illiteracy" (B. Thomas); (8) "The First UNESCO Library Pilot Project" (S. N. Khanna); (9) "'Transformation': The ODA Trainer Development Project for Central and State Training Institute Librarians in India" (M. Freeman); (10) "User Education around the World: The UNESCO Survey of Library and Information User Education Programmes in Some Developing Countries" (O. Kokkonen); and (11) "Ask the Same Questions and Get a Different Answer--A Case Study in Library Opening Hours Surveys" (J. Frylinck). Most papers are followed by references. (SLD)

This symposium addressed key findings of the Carnegie Council on Adolescent Development-sponsored book "Promoting the Health of Adolescents: New Directions for the Twenty-First Century." A panel of experts focused on science policy implications of critical issues in adolescent health promotion that have proven difficult to address such as the effects of poverty, adolescent sexuality, and violence. Included on the panel were experts from Canada and Mexico who provided an international perspective on adolescent health promotion. Following an introduction by Elena O. Nightingale, special advisor to the President, Carnegie Corporation of New York, the following chapters are presented: (1) "Historical Perspective on Adolescent Health Promotion"; (2) "Health-Enhancing and Health Compromising Behaviors during Adolescence" (Delbert S. Elliott); (3) "Poverty, Health, and Adolescent Health Promotion" (William Julius Wilson); (4) "Promoting Healthy Adolescent Sexuality" (Herant Katchadourian); (5) "Promoting Safety and Nonviolent Conflict Resolution in Adolescence" (Mark L. Rosenberg); and (6) "Cross-National Perspectives; Views of Adolescent Health Promotion from Canada and Mexico" (Ivan B. Pless--Canadian Perspective, Anameli Monroy--Mexican Perspective). In his concluding remarks, David A. Hamburg, President, Carnegie Corporation of New York, states that most risky behavior is still tentative and exploratory. There is, therefore, an opportunity for preventive interventions, provided that individual development, the social context of development, and the biological variability that makes different individuals more or less vulnerable to different kinds of environmental insults are understood. Research can offer important insights for the construction of more rational preventive interventions. (LL)

Papers from the 1978 conference of the Higher Education Research and Development Society of Australasia are presented. A large part of the conference was devoted to a general symposium on accountability in higher education, while other topics were organization and administration of higher education, curriculum development and evaluation, staff development, and student characteristics and performance. Papers and authors are as follows: Opening Address: "Accountability in Higher Education" (E.H. Medlin); "The Costs and Benefits of Post-Secondary Education Enquiries" (N. A. Nilsson and P. F. Sheldrake); "In Need of Further Research on the Production and Productivity of Tertiary Education in Australia" (William Georgiou); "A Practical Model for Accountability in Higher Education--the DDIAE Experience" (L. J. Barker and L. J. McNulty); "Educational Brokering: A New Concept in the Business of Education" (I. McD. Mitchell); "To Maximize the Viability of an Enterprise: A Relevant Purpose for Administration" (Thomas M. Heffernan); "Course Development Assumptions and Strategies" (Rod Wellard); "Cooperative Course Design: A Case Study in Post Experience Education" (Dave Boud); "Student Reactions to PSI, Lecture and Laboratory Teaching" (R. J. Stening and K. R. Vost); "Tertiary Science Instructional Materials: A Cognitive Analysis" (M. T. Prosser); "Planning the Evaluation of a Major University Course" (I. H. Barham); "Staff Development: New Viewpoints and New Directions" (Norman C. Dennis); "The Enchantment of Lecturer Self-Confidence" (H. E. Stanton); and "The Needs and Problems of Part-Time Students and the Accountability of Administrative and Academic Staff" (Jason L. Brown). (SW)

Twenty-five papers presented at the conference include papers on the role of the site coordinator in a distributed education network in Ontario; student support systems in the Open University of Israel; the dilemmas of designing a computer mediated communication support system; interactive libraries; tutoring in technical science in the Open University of the Netherlands; research supervision at a distance; the role of tutoring and group support in distance education; the relationship between interaction and independence; distance education in India; applications of telecommunications for interactive tutoring; and cost effectiveness analysis of projects that increase student interaction in distance education. Most of the papers include references. The individual papers are briefly reviewed in the introduction, and continuity from papers presented at two earlier conferences is discussed. (GL)

The first half of the proceedings consists of three papers presented during the program session of a Library of Congress Network Advisory Committee (NAC) meeting. The first, a background paper by Robert L. Oakley, identifies some of the problems that modern information technology has created for the intellectual property system in the United States; reviews several alternative proposals for dealing with the problems; briefly examines the ways in which Canada and the United States have approached the same issues; and concludes that these problems are solvable through amendment, new "sui generis" approaches, and expanded roles for an administrative agency, or through the development of voluntary or compulsory licensing mechanisms. In the second paper, Shirley Echelman comments on issues raised by Robert Oakley's report, and summarizes presentations given at a previous program session. The third paper, by Robert J. Kost, interprets an Office of Technology Assessment report about intellectual property rights and explains why the marriage between the law and technology is currently "on the rocks." The second half of the proceedings is a report on the business session of the NAC. Appendixes include the meeting agenda; a list of working groups; criteria for membership in the NAC; a list of suggested and prioritized topics for future research on networking; and a statement from the American Library Association on the phone companies' open network architecture plans filed with the Federal Communications Commission and a request for input on these plans from libraries. (SD)

This document contains 7 of the 10 papers presented at the 1995 program of the American Educational Research Association's special interest group, Training in Business and Industry. The following papers are included: "A Multi-Disciplinary Approach to Integrating Evaluation and Training" (Jo D. Gallagher); "Comparing Managers and Employees in Team Environments" (Darlene F. Russ-Eft, Lilanthi P. Ravishankar); "Customer Satisfaction Research for Training Organizations" (Martin Mulder, Kemp van Ginkel, Wim J. Nijhof); "Evaluation of an Electronic Performance Support System for Instructional Design in Corporate Training Centers" (Kent L. Gustafson, Thomas C. Reeves, Malcolm L. Smith); "Toward Meaningful Evaluation of Manager Training in Technology-Based Companies" (Colla J. MacDonald and others); "Building Training on the Pillars: Applying Total Quality in the Classroom" (Jo D. Gallagher, Douglas H. Smith, and Ralph G. Lewis); and "Personnel Job Involvement and Organizational Climate Affect Transfer of Acquisition" (France M. Gauthier). Most papers contain substantial bibliographies. (MN)

The article focuses on the confidentiality management of tax accrual working papers. It states that in interim, taxpayers are advised to take necessary measures that may help them in protecting confidentiality of their tax accrual working papers. It mentions the legal framework of the disputes in Canada, U.S., and Great Britain on the ability of tax authorities to access the subjective analysis of taxpayers and the analysis of their professional advisers.

Distance higher education for adults, media selection, and country profiles are considered in conference papers. Titles and authors are as follows: "Distance Education, Trends Worldwide" (Lord Perry of Walton); "Adults in Higher Education: Lowering the Barriers by Teaching and Learning at a Distance" (Hans G. Schutze); "Distance Education for Adults: Old and New Barriers for Participation" (Kjell Rubenson); "Distance Education for Adult Students: From Old to New Barriers for Participation?" (Ger van Enckevort); "Distance Education in OECD Member Countries"; "The Open University of the Netherlands"; "Background and Objectives" (Pierre Morin); "Basic Concepts" (Henk de Wolf); "The First Students" (G. van Enckevort); "The Open University of the United Kingdom" (Keith Harry); "The German Distance University: Its Main Features and Functions" (Jorn Bartels, Otto Peters); "The Instituto Portugues de Ensino a Distancia, Portugal" (Armando Rocha Trindade); "The Universidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia, Spain" (Doina Popa-Lisseanu); "Distance Education in Yugoslavia" (Ana Kranjc); "Towards a Contextual Rationale in Distance Higher Education: The Small Scale Cases of Australia and Sweden" (Urban Dahllof); "Adult Learning and the Consequences for the Selection of Media: The Japanese Approach" (Yoshiya Abe); "Technology-Based Distance Education for Adults in the United States of America" (Marilyn Kressel); "Distance Education, a Critical View from Canada" (Ian Morrison); "The Impact on Higher Education of New Information and Telecommunication Technologies" (Pamela Christoffel); "Selection of Media at the Dutch Open University" (G. van Enckevort, Freek Gastkemper)"; "Development of Computer-Based Learning Materials" (Jef Moonen); and "Computer Communication: A New Tool for Distance Education" (Norman D. Kurland). (SW)