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The purpose of the American Association for the Advancement of Agricultural Teaching, as stated in its constitution, is "to promote the teaching of agriculture and to devise ways and means for increasing the efficiency of such instruction in elementary and secondary schools and in colleges and universities." The time is opportune perhaps for discussing what ought to be the immediate policy of the association in putting its purpose into effect. One matter has already been settled. It has been agreed that for the present efforts shall be centered principally upon promoting the teaching of agriculture in the secondary schools, by devising ways and means of making that teaching more efficient. One who has marked the recent multiplication in the number of secondary schools attempting to teach agriculture can not but commend restriction of attention to the important problems which these schools present. Appended are: (1) 1913 summer practicum (home project) work of the University of Minnesota Northwest School of Agriculture, Crookston, Minn; (2) Students' reports on 1912 and 1913 summer practicum work at Crookston, Minn; (3) Use of land by high schools teaching agriculture. Returns for school year 1911-12; (4) The cooperative use of equipment and illustrative material in teaching agriculture; and (5) Massachusetts State-aided vocational agricultural education-- Examples of the income of pupils from farm work during attendance at school in 1913. [Best copy available has been provided.]

Provided herein are seven papers presented at the ninth annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Agricultural Teaching in January 1919. Papers focused on the theme of training teachers of agriculture and included: (1) Training teachers after employment (R. W. Stimson); (2) Improvement of teachers in service (J. T. Wheeler); (3) Organization for teacher training in agriculture (C. D. Jarvis); (4) An emergency course for the preparation of teachers of vocational agriculture (W. F. Lusk); (5) Emergency course for training agricultural teachers in South Carolina (Verd Peterson); (6) Relation of general science to agricultural instruction. Report of committee of the American Association for the Advancement of Agricultural Teaching (K. L. Hatch, W. G. Hummel, and F. E. Heald); and (7) Resolutions pertaining to the training of teachers. (Contains 4 footnotes.) [Best copy available has been provided.]

The Conference for Education in the South, which for 16 years has held its annual sessions at different places in the Southern States, is unique among educational conferences, in that its membership does not consist chiefly of teachers and school officers, but of farmers, professional men of all kinds, business men, and women of varied interests, and in the further fact that its discussions are not confined to problems of educational theory, school organization, and schoolroom practice, but include rather the broader problems of education in their relation to State, society, and industrial and commercial life. Its members are all interested in the upbuilding of the Southern States. Every question on the program is considered with reference to its practical application to life and conditions in these States. The program for the sixteenth conference held at Richmond, Virginia, April 15-18 of this year was unusually rich in matter of both local and general interest. This bulletin presents the abstracts of papers read at the sixteenth conference. These are: (1) The conference on cooperation (D. H. Hill); (2) Fundamental principles of cooperation (E. M. Tousley); (3) From the grower's standpoint (L. C. Corbett); (4) Typical cooperative enterprises (W. J. Shuford); (5) Seven obstacles to cooperation (W. E. Halbrook); (6) Cooperative credit: The American need (John Lee Coulter); (7) The pioneer credit associations in the United States (Leonard G. Robinson); (8) Cooperation and the rural schools (T. J. Coates); (9) Business men and the rural problem (Harry Hodgson); (10) Farm tenancy in the South (E. C. Branson); (11) The rural problem and transportation (L. C. Johnson); (12) A country life survey (P. H. Rolfs); (13) Man and the land (Henry Exall); (14) Origin and development of the work (Wallace Buttrick); (15) Demonstration work in Louisiana (Mason Snowden); (16) The boys' and girls' club work (O. B. Martin); (17) Social service and the country church (B. M. Beckham); (18) The rural church and public health (Ennion W. Williams); (19) The country church and good literature (P. P. Claxton); (20) Creed adopted by the country church conference; (21) The need for reform (C.L. Raper); (22) The principles of assessment (Lawson Purdy); (23) The local assessor (T. S. Adams); (24) Results of improved assessment methods in West Virginia (Fred O. Blue); (25) The conference on education of women in the country (D. B. Johnson); (26) An indictment of the rural school (H. L. Whitfield); (27) How to relieve the drudgery of women on the farm (Joe Cook); (28) How can the country school as it now is help the woman on the farm? (Susie V. Powell); (29) The qualifications of woman in the farm (I. E. Lord); (30) How can the girls' industrial club work be made a part of the rural school work? (S. V. Powell); (31) How the Department of Agriculture aids the home maker (C. F. Langworthy); (32) Plans of State supervisors for rural school improvement (L. J. Hanifan); (33) Rural school supervision (Albert S. Cook); (34) The need of a country unit (A. C. Monahan); (35) The educational awakening in Kentucky (T. J. Coates); (36) Teaching woodlot management in rural schools (E. R. Jackson); (37) Teaching agriculture in the one-room rural school (E. E. Sell); (38) Demonstration schools (T. J. Coates); (39) The conference and the rural schools (P. P. Claxton); (40) Changes in the normal school curriculum (L. J. Corbly); (41) Training rural teachers by means of high schools (Joseph S. Stewart); (42) Some general principles with regard to certification of teachers (T. J. Woofter); (43) The certification of teachers in the Southern States (E. E. Rall); (44) What has been done in Alabama (James S. Thomas); (45) The commission on accredited schools of the Southern Sates (N. W. Walker); (46) College extension work (E. D. Sanderson); (47) The trend in negro education (W. E. Aery); (48) Improvement in standards of southern colleges since 1900 (Elizabeth Avery Colton); (49) What should the bachelor's degree represent? (Eleanor Lord); (50) Public opinion and higher education of women (Edward K. Graham); (51) Keats for the kitchen (Lawrence F. Abbott); and (52) Concluding remarks on the conference (Walter H. Page). An index is included. [Best copy available has been provided.]

The paper identifies the basic factors affecting rural development and the social consequences of rural policies and structural changes in agriculture; it also suggests research areas relating some of these factors to what is happening in America's rural communities. Data sources such as congressional hearings, rural sociologists' critiques, reports by public interest research groups, the National Academy of Science's review of land grant research, and journalists' comments were reviewed. Observations from workers, small and organic farmers, consumer groups, cooperatives, minority group rural enterprises, and scientists who have challenged the production orientation of land grant colleges and participated in a conference on redirecting the research priorities of thes colleges are discussed. Tenured and nontenured faculty in all departments of a college of agriculture were interviewed on the process of selecting research topics, reasons for the research, and implications for tackling the questions posed by representatives of publics currently not being served by land grant colleges. Some research topics suggested were: concentration of ownership and its relationship to poverty; corporate interlocks and their implications in rural development; farm policy and the general public welfare; unfair competition due to the Federal tax structure; vertical integration and its effect on the small farmer, market structure and pricing, and the consumer; and social implications and impact of land grant college research. (NQ)

Five papers presented at the 9th symposium held during the 42nd annual meeting of the Southwestern and Rocky Mountain Division of the American Association for the Advancement of Science are: (1) "Do We Need a Sociology of Arid Regions"?; (2) "Deficit Creating Influences for Role Performance and Status Acquisition in Sparsely Populated Regions of the United States"; (3) "Ecology, Economy and Society in an Agricultural Region of the Northern Great Plains"; (4) "The Problem of Drought Perception"; and (5) "Technological Conservatism in Cattle Ranching as an Adaptive Process". The papers, centering on an ecological viewpoint, aim to suggest possibilities of basic research on sociological adaptations in moisture-deficient regions. Discussions cover modern agrarian and town populations in the Great Plains and neighboring semiarid regions. (NQ)

The book contains 28 papers by a variety of authors who deal with technology and social change in foreign countries. The papers are presented under 13 headings: technology and social change in foreign cultures (two papers), technology and values (two papers), technological and social change in history (one paper), the arts and technology (two papers), technological change and social systems (three papers), political and economic forces in technological change (two papers), moral and ethical aspects of the export of technology (four papers), introduction of engineering techniques in developing countries (three papers), communications and the adoption of technology and social change (one paper), impact of modern medicine and biology in developing nations (two papers), agricultural technology: vanguard of economic development (three papers), technology and the arts in modern Europe (one paper), and induced innovation and agricultural development (one paper). (JR)

The paper examined the opinions of black and white knowledgeables in 26 counties of Alabama, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina, and Tennessee pertaining to changes in agriculture and business from 1960 to 1972. Respondents were questioned about changes in business, industry, employment opportunities, real income, local businessmen's status, wage earners' status, youth opportunities, and economic prospects for the next 10 years. The results indicated that the majority of the knowledgeables in the 26 study areas believed the business and industry situation in their respective counties had improved in the last 10 years and this trend would continue in spite of a less than optimistic view about existing youth opportunities. Tabular data is given for each county. (NQ)

Voluntarism, a concept rooted in the Puritan Ethic, is that ethos which assigns welfare functions for persons without adequate means to voluntary agencies, and voluntarism along with cultural pluralism must be curbed if exodus of the rural farm population is to be mitigated. With the exception of the Old Age and Survivor's Insurance Program, the majority of welfare measures perpetrate voluntarism emphasizing the concept of ownership security and sustaining the Puritan Ethic which maintains that ownership is the most virtuous protection against misfortune, old age, unemployment, physical handicap, and illness (presumably a larger welfare program suited to agriculture is not needed -- migration will take care of the failures). Present agricultural programs are also far too liberally penetrated by voluntarism, for farm and ranch operators are permitted to vote whether they should or should not participate in a compulsory program, which in times of price and income depressing surpluses leads to over emphasis on voluntarism. It is also in the interest of urbanites to curb voluntarism, for they become the inheritors of the dispossessed migrants from rural areas. It is imperative, therefore, that rural communities begin to function as an interacting, coordinated whole and that they are supported in this by national policy action, Federal legislation, and finding. (JC)

CAIN is the computer cataloging and indexing system of the National Agricultural Library, a collection of information on agriculture and its related technologies. In this report is described the structure of the CAIN system and the various uses of the CAIN data bases. (WH)

Seventy-seven percent of Wisconsin's AM stations, 57 percent of FM stations, and 38 percent of television stations broadcast agricultural market news. Most stations devote less than 30 minutes daily to the market reports, which are usually broadcast twice daily, five days a week. Radio market reports are in the early morning and noon hour periods, while television reports are mainly at noon. Complete cash price reports are given for most classes of livestock, but many stations do not report cash grain and futures market prices for all commodities. Sixty-eight percent of AM stations, 72 percent of FM stations, and 45 percent of television stations obtain price information from local markets. Only five AM, two FM, and three television stations have a full-time agricultural broadcaster on their staff. (Author)

If the path to a better rural life is to be a change preferred by the rural people involved, recent world experience would suggest that it must be a change born from within the given rural social system, be controlled by its beneficiaries, and be integrated into the larger system of which it is a part. Such a perspective and such a process might be labeled "rural renaissance", for as perspective, it gives priority to the view of the farming family, and as process, it draws initiative and energy from that same family. Rural renaissance, then, may be defined as the marriage between traditional patterns (values, norms, technologies, and behavior) and those innovative patterns which result in the birth of change. Since values and beliefs vary from one social system to another, interaction between a rural renaissance stimulation system (outsiders) and a rural renaissance acquisition system (insiders) should facilitate positive change, if consideration is given by both outsiders and insiders to questions of appropriate organization, doctrine, leadership, programs, resources, and linkage systems. The larger rural renaissance stimulation system, then, would be a world wide network of interacting people who are able to learn from each other in the universal quest for improvement of the human condition. (JC)

The book contains eight lectures on technological progress and social change in Europe. The lecture titles are: Social and Economic Aspects on European Technological Progress; Migration Between Poor and Rich Countries in Europe: The Exceptional Case of Finland; The Scandinavian Countries Faced with the Third World's Problems; Policy Measures to Level Economic and Social Regional Differences in the Scandinavian Countries; The European Family Farms in a Technologically Changing World; The Entrepreneur's Ability and Educational Level as Change Agents in Farming; Social and Economic Consequences of Technological Development and Land Settlement in Finnish Agriculture; and Post-War Technological, Economic, and Institutional Development of Agriculture in the USSR. (JR)

The document comprises a collection of speeches and seminar reports arising from the 25th anniversary celebration of the Institute of Adult Education at the University of Ghana. The theme of the celebration, introduced in the first chapter, was Adult Education and Man's Environment--the Next Quarter-Century. The second chapter comprises the following speeches: A Quarter of a Century: Past and Future, A. A. Kwapong; The Nation and the Institute, I. K. Acheampong; The Role and Objectives of the Environmental Protection Council of Ghana, E. A. Boateng; The Human Environment; Letitia Obeng; and The Relevance of Adult Education, R. K. A. Gardiner. The third chapter contains reports from seminars on: utilization of wildlife, forestry and agriculture, water resources, urbanization, industrial development, rural development, tradition and modernization, and the population explosion. A paper is included reporting a study which grew out of a symposium: Adult Education and Man's Environment: The Uganda Case, by D. N. Okunga. The final contribution is The Ghana Institute of Adult Education: 1948-1973, by K. A. B. Jones-Quartey. (PR)

In developing programs to foster purposive social change, it is imperative that program planners receive information regarding the perceptions of those in key positions and the general public concerning the major problems or issues facing a county. This report assesses the characteristics of leaders from several North Carolina counties in regard to these perceptions, also comparing them with those of the general public. Responses for Section 1 (Community leader characteristics) were received from 511 community leaders in seven counties. At the same time, January 1973, a statewide survey of the State's general public determined their perceptions of community problems, which are compared with the community leaders' perceptions in Section 2. Section 3 deals with the implications drawn from the first two sections. The seven participating counties were self-selected, including one metropolitan (formerly rural), two metropolitan fringe, and four, rural. The study examined approximately 40 typical problems, such as education, public facilities, economic development, health, long range community planning, housing, and recreation. The varying importance to these different areas by the general public and the leaders may indicate that education and information programs are needed to make leadership, as well as the public at large, aware of the scope of the planning problem and the implications that may flow from the lack of planning. (KM)

The tri-dimensional mandate of the land-grant institution--to teach, to research, and to serve--finds a common meeting place at the New Mexico State University. The New Mexico State University has tri-cultural concerns arising from the special needs of the population that it serves. The age-old problem of water in an arid land, the new challenge of the exploration of space, "border" Spanish, tourism, homemaking, and the uses of the ranges and forests are all subjects of concern. (Author/KE)

The theme of this conference was "Rural Life in '65'." This document describes the social conditions and cultural features of America's rural community in 1960's. The following papers were presented: (1) "Rural Education in '65" (Lois M. Clark); (2) "The Rural Church in 1965" (M. J. Taves); (3) "The Farm in 1965" (Paul C. Johnson); (4) "The Community in 1965" (Otto G. Hoiberg); (5) "The Rural Family in 1965" (Edward W. O'Rourke); and (6) "Rural Beliefs and Values in Country Life" (John M. Brewster). Also included are the minutes of the annual business meeting; the report of the association's agreement to admit foreign associates; the 1960 list of members; and a collateral report of five discussion groups addressing topics that were significant to the local community, such as the declining number of farms and corresponding increase in size of farm operations. (ALL)