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The article discusses the court case Ricci v. DeStefano, a labor law case argued on April 22, 2009 and decided on June 29, 2009 on unlawful discrimination through disparate impact under the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Topics include reason that petitioners were denied promotions for which they qualified, the racial adverse impact in this litigation, and cases from which the Court draws its strong basis in evidence standard.

The article discusses the court case University of California Regents v. Bakke, which held that a university's admissions criteria which used race as a definite and exclusive basis for an admission decision violated the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment and Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Topics include the purpose of Title VI, implication of prior decisions of the Court, and how the University of California at Davis's special admission program violated Title VI.

The article discusses the court case Adarand Constructors, Inc., v. Pena, wherein petitioner Adarand Constructors, Inc. filed suit against respondent federal officials, claiming that the race-based presumptions used in subcontractor compensation clauses violate the equal protection component of the Fifth Amendment's Due Process Clause. Topics include the rejection made by the Court of Appeals on Adarand's claim and information on the contract giving rise to the dispute in the case.

The article discusses the court case City of Richmond v. Croson Co. wherein the U.S. Supreme Court found that the Minority Business Utilization Plan adopted by the appellant city failed to consider race-neutral measures that would encourage more minority participation in the construction program. Topics include result of the debate at the city council meeting, provision of the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment, and conclusion on Richmond's ordinance.

A subject index for the book "Religion and the Constitution: Free Exercise & Fairness" is presented.

Chapter 22 of the book "Religion and the Constitution: Free Exercise and Fairness," Volume 1, by Kent Greenawalt is presented. It notes the efforts of the U.S. Federal Government in upholding the children's right as well as the statutes for child custody. Furthermore, the American law's intervention in dealing with child custody over religious views, is also discussed.

A subject index for the book "Gays and the Military: Joseph Steffan Versus the United States," edited by Marc Wolinsky and Kenneth Sherrill is presented.

A part of the book "Gays and the Military: Joseph Steffan Versus the United States," edited by Marc Wolinsky and Kenneth Sherrill is presented. It presents notes that relate to the articles found in the book including a brief background of Joseph Steffan. It also mentions the references for the affidavits of John Boswell, Richard Green and Kenneth Sherrill.