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ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the efficacy of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with microwave ablation (MWA) adjuvant to lenvatinib and anti–PD–1 antibodies for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsA retrospective analysis of 67 patients with HCC treated at our hospital between October 2018 and May 2022 was conducted. All patients underwent a combination of TACE and MWA. Among them, 29 received postoperative treatment with molecular–targeted agents, like lenvatinib, along with anti–PD–1 antibodies such as sindilizumab, karelizumab, or tirilizumab. The remaining 38 patients did not receive postoperative systemic therapies, like targeted or immunotherapy. The survival and prognosis of all patients were analyzed.ResultsNine patients in the observation group and 29 patients in the control group experienced recurrence, and the median progression–free survival 1 (PFS1) was not reached ‘Not Applicable’(NA) and 17.05 months (P=0.035), respectively. Failure to combine adjuvant therapy was identified as an independent risk factor for tumor recurrence, and the observation group had a 0.245 times lower risk of recurrence compared to that in the control group (P=0.005). Multivariable Cox regression analysis confirmed that the maximum tumor size, and tumor number were risk factors for tumor recurrence. Patients with a large maximum tumor size had a 1.519 times higher risk of recurrence compared to those with a small maximum tumor size (P=0.006), and patients with a large number of tumors had a 5.978 times higher risk of recurrence compared to those with a small number of tumors (P=0.02). The median PFS2 of the two groups was 11.795 and 21.257 months, respectively, though not statistically significant (P=0.955). However, there was a disparity in the percentage of BCLC stages associated with recurrence between the two groups. In the observation group approximately 22.22% of patients progressed to stage C, while in the control group, this proportion was 34.48%. The observation group exhibited a lower risk of distant metastasis compared to the control group.ConclusionAdjuvant treatment of HCC following TACE combined with MWA improved PFS and achieved better clinical outcomes compared to that with TACE combined with MWA alone.

The segmented-pie composite fibers can be separated by high-pressure hydroentanglement to form a high-strength, lightweight microfiber nonwovens. Nowadays, it is an urgent problem to develop easily split composite fibers and reduce the energy consumption of hydroentangled in bicomponent spunbond hydroentangled technology. Herein, molecular dynamics simulations were first performed for polyester and polyamide 6. The results reveal that the surface adsorption energy between polymers decreases with the decrease of the polymer molecular chain regularity, and the cohesion energy density and solubility parameters reduce with the reduction of the polymer crystallinity. Then polyamide 6 compound spinning with polyesters of different crystallinity, and the segmented pie microfiber nonwoven was prepared through different hydroentangled pressures. The results show that the splitting rate of low crystallinity polyester/polyamide 6 fibers is much higher than that of polyester/polyamide 6 fibers, with a maximum increase of 94.80% at the same hydroentanglement pressure, and the hydroentangled energy consumption can be reduced up to 77.12% for a certain splitting rate. This strategy promotes the complete splitting of composite fibers at a low hydroentanglement pressure, which saves energy and effectively improves the filtration and thermal-wet comfort of nonwovens, providing a viable method for achieving energy savings in bicomponent spunbond hydroentangled technology.

Exosomes are progressively being detected as an indicator for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer in clinical settings. Many clinical trials have confirmed the impact of exosomes on tumor growth, particularly in anti-tumor immunity and immunosuppression of exosomes. Therefore, we developed a risk score based on genes found in glioblastoma-derived exosomes. In this study, we used the TCGA dataset as the training queue and GSE13041, GSE43378, GSE4412, and CGGA datasets as the external validation queue. Based on machine algorithms and bioinformatics methods, an exosome-generalized risk score was established. We found that the risk score could independently predict the prognosis of patients with glioma, and there were significant differences in the outcomes of patients in the high- and low-risk groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that risk score is a valid predictive biomarker for gliomas. Two immunotherapy datasets, IMvigor210 and GSE78220, were obtained from previous studies. A high-risk score showed a significant association with multiple immunomodulators that could act on cancer immune evasion. The exosome-related risk score could predict the effectiveness of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. Moreover, we compared the sensitivity of patients with high- and low-risk scores to various anti-cancer drugs and found that patients with high-risk scores had better responses to a variety of anti-cancer drugs. The risk-scoring model established in this study provides a useful tool to predict the total survival time of patients with glioma and guide immunotherapy.

Background: Chemotherapy combined with antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibodies is the most promising approach to prolong survival and improve the quality of life of patients with unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Anlotinib is an oral antiangiogenic tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets VEGF receptors 1/2/3, fibroblast growth factor receptors 1-4, and platelet-derived growth factor receptors a/β. Since anlotinib combined with oxaliplatin and capecitabine (CAPEOX) as a first-line treatment was previously shown to be effective and safe for patients with RAS/BRAF wild-type (WT) mCRC, we designed this randomized, open-label, parallel-group, non-inferiority, phase III study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anlotinib plus CAPEOX versus bevacizumab plus CAPEOX in patients with RAS/BRAF WT mCRC. Methods/design: The primary inclusion criteria are Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0/1, confirmed RAS/BRAF WT colorectal adenocarcinoma, and unresectable metastases assessed by a multidisciplinary team. The main exclusion criteria are as follows: high microsatellite instability or deficient mismatch repair status, resectable or potentially resectable metastases, and previous systemic therapy for mCRC. A total of 698 patients will be randomized into the anlotinib and bevacizumab groups in a 1:1 ratio. Patients will receive 4 to 8 cycles of induction therapy (CAPEOX plus anlotinib or bevacizumab), followed by maintenance treatment (capecitabine plus anlotinib or bevacizumab) until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Progression-free survival (PFS) assessed by an independent review committee is the primary endpoint, whereas investigator-assessed PFS, overall survival, objective response rate, disease control rate, duration of response, resection rate of liver metastases, quality of life, and safety are the secondary endpoints. Enrollment commenced in May 2021. Discussion: A prospective, randomized, phase III trial will provide a meaningful comparison of the efficacy and safety of anlotinib plus CAPEOX with standard treatment for patients with unresectable RAS/BRAF WT mCRC.

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women. Recent studies have investigated the prognostic value of the tumor microenvironment (TME)-related genes in breast cancer. The purpose of this research is to identify the immune-associated prognostic signature for breast cancer evaluate the probability of their prognostic value and compare the current staging system. In this study, we comprehensively evaluated the infiltration patterns of TME in 1,077 breast cancer patients downloaded from TCGA by applying the ssGSEA method to the transcriptome of these patients. Thus, generated two groups of immune cell infiltration. Based on two groups of low infiltration and high infiltration immune cell groups, 983 common differentially expressed genes were found using the limma algorithm. In addition, studying potential mechanisms, the GSEA method was used to indicate some pathways with remarkable enrichment in two clusters of immune cell infiltration. Finally, the seven immune-associated hub genes with survival as prognostic signatures were identified by using univariate Cox, survival, and LASSO analyses and constructed a TME score. The prognostic value of the TME score was self-validated in the TCGA cohort and further validated in an external independent set from METABRIC and GEO database by time-dependent survival receiver operation. Univariate and multivariate analyses of clinicopathological characteristics indicated that the TME score was an independent prognostic factor. In conclusion, the proposed TME score model should be considered as a prognostic factor, similar to the current TNM stage, and the seven immune-related genes can be a valuable potential biomarker for breast cancer.

A transition-metal-free Büchner reaction using trifluoromethylated N-tosylhydrazones as substrates is reported. A series of trifluoromethylated cycloheptatriene derivatives can be synthesized by this straight forward method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The cytoskeletal organizer ezrin is a member of the ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM) family and plays important roles in not only cell motility, cell adhesion, and apoptosis, but also in various cell signaling pathways. Phosphorylation at Thr-567 and Tyr-353 are key regulatory events in the transition of the dormant to active form of ezrin. This study investigated the prognostic implications of ezrin and phosphorylated ezrin (p-ezrin) expression in non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Methods: Ezrin and p-ezrin protein expressions were examined by immunohistochemistry in 150 NSCLC and adjacent non-tumor tissues and 14 normal lung tissues. qRT-PCR was used to determine ezrin mRNA expression levels in fresh tissues. The correlations between overexpression of ezrin and p-ezrin and the clinicopathological features of NSCLC were analyzed. The survival rates were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method for 108 NSCLC cases. Results: Ezrin and ezrinThr-567 proteins showed cytosolic and membranous staining patterns; however, ezrinThr-353 protein only showed cytosolic staining. Ezrin and p-ezrin were significantly upregulated in NSCLC compared with the normal counterparts. Increased ezrin, ezrinThr-567, and ezrinThr-353 levels were correlated with the late stage and poor differentiation of NSCLC. However, only ezrinThr-567 was correlated with the presence of lymph node metastasis. In regard to survival, only ezrinThr-567 was related with the overall survival time of patients with NSCLC, and both ezrin and ezrinThr-567 were associated with shortened survival time for patients with early stage NSCLC. Conclusions: Ezrin and p-ezrin, especially ezrinThr-567, may prove to be useful as a novel prognostic biomarker of NSCLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A mild and efficient method for the synthesis of 3-trifluoromethylpyrazoles has been established via trifluoromethylation/cyclization of α,β-alkynic hydrazones using a hypervalent iodine reagent under transition-metal-free conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breast cancer has become an important factor threatening women's health, and its incidence currently ranks first among female malignancies in China. Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes are lymphocyte-dominated cell populations that exist in tumors. After being activated by antigen or mitogen stimulation, and in the case of certain tumor growth, lymphocytic alpha is produced. It regulates immune response, induces the expression of multiple cellular antigens, and has a killing effect on multiple tumor cells. In addition, digital holographic phase microscopy only images biological cell samples in one direction, and cannot obtain accurate three-dimensional morphological structure imaging. The combination of tomography technology and digital holographic phase microscopy technology has made the research on the three-dimensional morphological structure and substructure imaging of biological cells enter a new stage. Based on the above background, the research content of this article is to analyze the correlation between tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of breast cancer under a microscope. This article first discusses the observation methods and techniques of tumor cells under a microscope, and then the clinical pathology of breast cancer An example simulation was performed, and the results showed that the positive expression rates of P21 in invasive ductal carcinoma, invasive lobular carcinoma, and benign diseases were 68.2%, 62.7%, and 23.2%, respectively. The differences were statistically significant. The combined detection of OPN and P21 may be able to Become a potential marker for molecular typing of breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]