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3,389 results on '"Sapienza, A."'

2. Education as Risk Factor of Mild Cognitive Impairment: The Link to the Gut Microbiome

Author

Klee, Matthias, Aho, V. T. E., May, P., Heintz-Buschart, A., Landoulsi, Z., Jónsdóttir, S. R., Pauly, C., Pavelka, L., Delacour, L., Kaysen, A., Krüger, R., Wilmes, P., Leist, A. K., Acharya, Geeta, Aguayo, Gloria, Alexandre, Myriam, Ali, Muhammad, Ammerlann, Wim, Arena, Giuseppe, Bassis, Michele, Batutu, Roxane, Beaumont, Katy, Béchet, Sibylle, Berchem, Guy, Bisdorff, Alexandre, Boussaad, Ibrahim, Bouvier, David, Castillo, Lorieza, Contesotto, Gessica, De Bremaeker, Nancy, Dewitt, Brian, Diederich, Nico, Dondelinger, Rene, Ramia, Nancy E, Ferrari, Angelo, Frauenknecht, Katrin, Fritz, Joëlle, Gamio, Carlos, Gantenbein, Manon, Gawron, Piotr, Georges, Laura, Ghosh, Soumyabrata, Giraitis, Marijus, Glaab, Enrico, Goergen, Martine, Gómez De Lope, Elisa, Graas, Jérôme, Graziano, Mariella, Groues, Valentin, Grünewald, Anne, Hammot, Gaël, Hanff, Anne-Marie, Hansen, Linda, Heneka, Michael, Henry, Estelle, Henry, Margaux, Herbrink, Sylvia, Herzinger, Sascha, Hundt, Alexander, Jacoby, Nadine, Jónsdóttir, Sonja, Klucken, Jochen, Kofanova, Olga, Krüger, Rejko, Lambert, Pauline, Landoulsi, Zied, Lentz, Roseline, Longhino, Laura, Lopes, Ana Festas, Lorentz, Victoria, Marques, Tainá M., Marques, Guilherme, Martins Conde, Patricia, May, Patrick, Mcintyre, Deborah, Mediouni, Chouaib, Meisch, Francoise, Mendibide, Alexia, Menster, Myriam, Minelli, Maura, Mittelbronn, Michel, Mtimet, Saïda, Munsch, Maeva, Nati, Romain, Nehrbass, Ulf, Nickels, Sarah, Nicolai, Beatrice, Nicolay, Jean-Paul, Noor, Fozia, Gomes, Clarissa P. C., Pachchek, Sinthuja, Pauly, Claire, Pauly, Laure, Pavelka, Lukas, Perquin, Magali, Pexaras, Achilleas, Rauschenberger, Armin, Rawal, Rajesh, Reddy Bobbili, Dheeraj, Remark, Lucie, Richard, Ilsé, Roland, Olivia, Roomp, Kirsten, Rosales, Eduardo, Sapienza, Stefano, Satagopam, Venkata, Schmitz, Sabine, Schneider, Reinhard, Schwamborn, Jens, Severino, Raquel, Sharify, Amir, Soare, Ruxandra, Soboleva, Ekaterina, Sokolowska, Kate, Theresine, Maud, Thien, Hermann, Thiry, Elodie, Ting Jiin Loo, Rebecca, Trouet, Johanna, Tsurkalenko, Olena, Vaillant, Michel, Vega, Carlos, Vilas Boas, Liliana, Wilmes, Paul, Wollscheid-Lengeling, Evi, and Zelimkhanov, Gelani

Published
2024
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3. Acute cholecystitis management in high-risk, critically ill, and unfit-for-surgery patients: the Italian Society of Emergency Surgery and Trauma (SICUT) guidelines

Author

Coccolini, Federico, Cucinotta, Eugenio, Mingoli, Andrea, Zago, Mauro, Altieri, Gaia, Biloslavo, Alan, Caronna, Roberto, Cengeli, Ismail, Cicuttin, Enrico, Cirocchi, Roberto, Cobuccio, Luigi, Costa, Gianluca, Cozza, Valerio, Cremonini, Camilla, Del Vecchio, Giovanni, Dinatale, Giuseppe, Fico, Valeria, Galatioto, Christian, Kuriara, Hayato, Lacavalla, Domenico, La Greca, Antonio, Larghi, Alberto, Mariani, Diego, Mirco, Paolo, Occhionorelli, Savino, Parini, Dario, Polistina, Francesco, Rimbas, Mihai, Sapienza, Paolo, Tartaglia, Dario, Tropeano, Giuseppe, Venezia, Piero, Venezia, Dario Francesco, Zaghi, Claudia, and Chiarugi, Massimo

Published
2024
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4. Astronomy potential of KM3NeT/ARCA

Author

Aiello, S., Albert, A., Alshamsi, M., Alves Garre, S., Aly, Z., Ambrosone, A., Ameli, F., Andre, M., Androutsou, E., Anguita, M., Aphecetche, L., Ardid, M., Ardid, S., Atmani, H., Aublin, J., Badaracco, F., Bailly-Salins, L., Bardačová, Z., Baret, B., Bariego-Quintana, A., Baruzzi, A., Basegmez du Pree, S., Becherini, Y., Bendahman, M., Benfenati, F., Benhassi, M., Benoit, D. M., Berbee, E., Bertin, V., Biagi, S., Boettcher, M., Bonanno, D., Boumaaza, J., Bouta, M., Bouwhuis, M., Bozza, C., Bozza, R. M., Brânzaş, H., Bretaudeau, F., Breuhaus, M., Bruijn, R., Brunner, J., Bruno, R., Buis, E., Buompane, R., Busto, J., Caiffi, B., Calvo, D., Campion, S., Capone, A., Carenini, F., Carretero, V., Cartraud, T., Castaldi, P., Cecchini, V., Celli, S., Cerisy, L., Chabab, M., Chadolias, M., Chen, A., Cherubini, S., Chiarusi, T., Circella, M., Cocimano, R., Coelho, J. A. B., Coleiro, A., Coniglione, R., Coyle, P., Creusot, A., Cuttone, G., Dallier, R., Darras, Y., De Benedittis, A., De Martino, B., Decoene, V., Del Burgo, R., Del Rosso, I., Di Mauro, L. S., Di Palma, I., Díaz, A. F., Diaz, C., Diego-Tortosa, D., Distefano, C., Domi, A., Donzaud, C., Dornic, D., Dörr, M., Drakopoulou, E., Drouhin, D., Ducoin, J.-G., Dvornický, R., Eberl, T., Eckerová, E., Eddymaoui, A., van Eeden, T., Eff, M., van Eijk, D., El Bojaddaini, I., El Hedri, S., Enzenhöfer, A., Ferrara, G., Filipović, M. D., Filippini, F., Franciotti, D., Fusco, L. A., Gabriel, J., Gagliardini, S., Gal, T., García Méndez, J., Garcia Soto, A., Gatius Oliver, C., Geißelbrecht, N., Ghaddari, H., Gialanella, L., Gibson, B. K., Giorgio, E., Goos, I., Goswami, P., Goupilliere, D., Gozzini, S. R., Gracia, R., Graf, K., Guidi, C., Guillon, B., Gutiérrez, M., van Haren, H., Heijboer, A., Hekalo, A., Hennig, L., Hernández-Rey, J. J., Idrissi Ibnsalih, W., Illuminati, G., de Jong, M., de Jong, P., Jung, B. J., Kalaczyński, P., Kalekin, O., Katz, U. F., Kistauri, G., Kopper, C., Kouchner, A., Kueviakoe, V., Kulikovskiy, V., Kvatadze, R., Labalme, M., Lahmann, R., Larosa, G., Lastoria, C., Lazo, A., Le Stum, S., Lehaut, G., Leonora, E., Lessing, N., Levi, G., Lindsey Clark, M., Longhitano, F., Magnani, F., Majumdar, J., Malerba, L., Mamedov, F., Mańczak, J., Manfreda, A., Marconi, M., Margiotta, A., Marinelli, A., Markou, C., Martin, L., Martínez-Mora, J. A., Marzaioli, F., Mastrodicasa, M., Mastroianni, S., Miccichè, S., Miele, G., Migliozzi, P., Migneco, E., Mitsou, M. L., Mollo, C. M., Morales-Gallegos, L., Morga, M., Moussa, A., Mozun Mateo, I., Muller, R., Musone, M. R., Musumeci, M., Navas, S., Nayerhoda, A., Nicolau, C. A., Nkosi, B., Ó Fearraigh, B., Oliviero, V., Orlando, A., Oukacha, E., Paesani, D., Palacios González, J., Papalashvili, G., Parisi, V., Pastor Gomez, E. J., Păun, A. M., Păvălaş, G. E., Pelegris, I., Peña Martínez, S., Perrin-Terrin, M., Perronnel, J., Pestel, V., Pestes, R., Piattelli, P., Poirè, C., Popa, V., Pradier, T., Prado, J., Pulvirenti, S., Quiroz-Rangel, C. A., Rahaman, U., Randazzo, N., Randriatoamanana, R., Razzaque, S., Rea, I. C., Real, D., Riccobene, G., Robinson, J., Romanov, A., Šaina, A., Salesa Greus, F., Samtleben, D. F. E., Sánchez Losa, A., Sanfilippo, S., Sanguineti, M., Santonastaso, C., Santonocito, D., Sapienza, P., Schnabel, J., Schumann, J., M. Schutte, H., Seneca, J., Sennan, N., Setter, B., Sgura, I., Shanidze, R., Sharma, A., Shitov, Y., Šimkovic, F., Simonelli, A., Sinopoulou, A., Smirnov, M. V., Spisso, B., Spurio, M., Stavropoulos, D., Štekl, I., Taiuti, M., Tayalati, Y., Thiersen, H., Tosta e Melo, I., Tragia, E., Trocmé, B., Tsourapis, V., Tudorache, A., Tzamariudaki, E., Vacheret, A., Valer Melchor, A., Valsecchi, V., Van Elewyck, V., Vannoye, G., Vasileiadis, G., Vazquez de Sola, F., Verilhac, C., Veutro, A., Viola, S., Vivolo, D., Wilms, J., de Wolf, E., Yepes-Ramirez, H., Zarpapis, G., Zavatarelli, S., Zegarelli, A., Zito, D., Zornoza, J. D., Zúñiga, J., and Zywucka, N.

Published
2024
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5. Atmospheric muons measured with the KM3NeT detectors in comparison with updated numeric predictions

Author

Aiello, S., Albert, A., Alshamsi, M., Alves Garre, S., Ambrosone, A., Ameli, F., Andre, M., Androutsou, E., Anguita, M., Aphecetche, L., Ardid, M., Ardid, S., Arsenic, A., Atmani, H., Aublin, J., Badaracco, F., Bailly-Salins, L., Bardačová, Z., Baret, B., Bariego-Quintana, A., Pree, S. Basegmez du, Becherini, Y., Bendahman, M., Benfenati, F., Benhassi, M., Benoit, D. M., Berbee, E., Bertin, V., Biagi, S., Boettcher, M., Bonanno, D., Boumaaza, J., Bouta, M., Bouwhuis, M., Bozza, C., Bozza, R. M., Brânzaş, H., Bretaudeau, F., Breuhaus, M., Bruijn, R., Brunner, J., Bruno, R., Buis, E., Buompane, R., Busto, J., Caiffi, B., Calvo, D., Campion, S., Capone, A., Carenini, F., Carretero, V., Cartraud, T., Castaldi, P., Cecchini, V., Celli, S., Cerisy, L., Chabab, M., Chadolias, M., Chen, A., Cherubini, S., Chiarusi, T., Circella, M., Cocimano, R., Coelho, J. A. B., Coleiro, A., Condorelli, A., Coniglione, R., Coyle, P., Creusot, A., Cuttone, G., Dallier, R., Darras, Y., De Benedittis, A., De Martino, B., Decoene, V., Del Burgo, R., Del Rosso, I., Mauro, L. S. Di, Di Palma, I., Díaz, A. F., Diaz, C., Diego-Tortosa, D., Distefano, C., Domi, A., Donzaud, C., Dornic, D., Dörr, M., Drakopoulou, E., Drouhin, D., Ducoin, J.-G., Dvornický, R., Eberl, T., Eckerová, E., Eddymaoui, A., van Eeden, T., Eff, M., van Eijk, D., El Bojaddaini, I., El Hedri, S., Enzenhöfer, A., Ferrara, G., Filipović, M. D., Filippini, F., Franciotti, D., Fusco, L. A., Gagliardini, S., Gal, T., Méndez, J. García, Soto, A. Garcia, Oliver, C. Gatius, Geißelbrecht, N., Ghaddari, H., Gialanella, L., Gibson, B. K., Giorgio, E., Goos, I., Goswami, P., Gozzini, S. R., Gracia, R., Graf, K., Guidi, C., Guillon, B., Gutiérrez, M., Haack, C., van Haren, H., Heijboer, A., Hekalo, A., Hennig, L., Hernández-Rey, J. J., Ibnsalih, W. Idrissi, Illuminati, G., Joly, D., de Jong, M., de Jong, P., Jung, B. J., Kalaczyński, P., Kalekin, O., Katz, U. F., Khatun, A., Kistauri, G., Kopper, C., Kouchner, A., Kueviakoe, V., Kulikovskiy, V., Kvatadze, R., Labalme, M., Lahmann, R., Larosa, G., Lastoria, C., Lazo, A., Le Stum, S., Lehaut, G., Leonora, E., Lessing, N., Levi, G., Longhitano, F., Magnani, F., Majumdar, J., Malerba, L., Mamedov, F., Mańczak, J., Manfreda, A., Marconi, M., Margiotta, A., Marinelli, A., Markou, C., Martin, L., Marzaioli, F., Mastrodicasa, M., Mastroianni, S., Miccichè, S., Miele, G., Migliozzi, P., Migneco, E., Mitsou, M. L., Mollo, C. M., Morales-Gallegos, L., Moretti, G., Moussa, A., Mateo, I. Mozun, Muller, R., Musone, M. R., Musumeci, M., Navas, S., Nayerhoda, A., Nicolau, C. A., Nkosi, B., Fearraigh, B. Ó., Oliviero, V., Orlando, A., Oukacha, E., Paesani, D., González, J. Palacios, Papalashvili, G., Parisi, V., Pastor Gomez, E. J., Păun, A. M., Păvălaş, G. E., Pelegris, I., Peña Martínez, S., Perrin-Terrin, M., Perronnel, J., Pestel, V., Pestes, R., Piattelli, P., Poirè, C., Popa, V., Pradier, T., Prado, J., Pulvirenti, S., Quiroz-Rangel, C. A., Rahaman, U., Randazzo, N., Razzaque, S., Rea, I. C., Real, D., Riccobene, G., Robinson, J., Romanov, A., Šaina, A., Greus, F. Salesa, Samtleben, D. F. E., Losa, A. Sánchez, Sanfilippo, S., Sanguineti, M., Santonastaso, C., Santonocito, D., Sapienza, P., Schnabel, J., Schumann, J., Schutte, H. M., Seneca, J., Sennan, N., Setter, B., Sgura, I., Shanidze, R., Sharma, A., Shitov, Y., Šimkovic, F., Simonelli, A., Sinopoulou, A., Smirnov, M. V., Spisso, B., Spurio, M., Stavropoulos, D., Štekl, I., Taiuti, M., Tayalati, Y., Thiersen, H., Melo, I. Tosta e, Tragia, E., Trocmé, B., Tsourapis, V., Tudorache, A., Tzamariudaki, E., Vacheret, A., Melchor, A. Valer, Valsecchi, V., Elewyck, V. Van, Vannoye, G., Vasileiadis, G., de Sola, F. Vazquez, Veutro, A., Viola, S., Vivolo, D., Wilms, J., de Wolf, E., Yepes-Ramirez, H., Yvon, I., Zarpapis, G., Zavatarelli, S., Zegarelli, A., Zito, D., Zornoza, J. D., Zúñiga, J., and Zywucka, N.

Published
2024
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6. Quantitative Analysis of Paleomagnetic Sampling Strategies

Author

Sapienza, F, Gallo, LC, Zhang, Y, Vaes, B, Domeier, M, and Swanson‐Hysell, NL

Subjects
Earth Sciences, Geology, Generic health relevance, paleomagnetism, paleopole estimation, secular variation, error quantification, Geochemistry, Geophysics
Abstract

Sampling strategies used in paleomagnetic studies play a crucial role in dictating the accuracy of our estimates of properties of the ancient geomagnetic field. However, there has been little quantitative analysis of optimal paleomagnetic sampling strategies and the community has instead defaulted to traditional practices that vary between laboratories. In this paper, we quantitatively evaluate the accuracy of alternative paleomagnetic sampling strategies through numerical experiments and an associated analytical framework. Our findings demonstrate a strong correspondence between the accuracy of an estimated paleopole position and the number of sites or independent readings of the time-varying paleomagnetic field, whereas larger numbers of in-site samples have a dwindling effect. This remains true even when a large proportion of the sample directions are spurious. This approach can be readily achieved in sedimentary sequences by distributing samples stratigraphically, considering each sample as an individual site. However, where the number of potential independent sites is inherently limited the collection of additional in-site samples can improve the accuracy of the paleopole estimate (although with diminishing returns with increasing samples per site). Where an estimate of the magnitude of paleosecular variation is sought, multiple in-site samples should be taken, but the optimal number is dependent on the expected fraction of outliers. The use of filters based on angular distance helps the accuracy of paleopole estimation, but leads to inaccurate estimates of paleosecular variation. We provide both analytical formulas and a series of interactive Jupyter notebooks allowing optimal sampling strategies to be developed from user-informed expectations.

Published
2023

7. APL special topic: Time modulated metamaterials

Author

Sapienza, Riccardo, Shcherbakov, Maxim, Faccio, Daniele, Cui, Tie Jun, and Caglayan, Humeyra

Subjects
Engineering, Physical Sciences, Technology, Applied Physics, Physical sciences
Published
2023

8. Second harmonic generation at a time-varying interface

Author

Romain Tirole, Stefano Vezzoli, Dhruv Saxena, Shu Yang, T. V. Raziman, Emanuele Galiffi, Stefan A. Maier, John B. Pendry, and Riccardo Sapienza

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract Time-varying metamaterials rely on large and fast changes of the linear permittivity. Beyond the linear terms, however, the effect of a non-perturbative modulation of the medium on harmonic generation remains largely unexplored. In this work, we study second harmonic generation at an optically pumped time-varying interface between air and a 310 nm Indium Tin Oxide film. We observe a modulation contrast at the second harmonic wavelength up to 93% for a pump intensity of 100 GW/cm2, leading to large frequency broadening and shift. We experimentally demonstrate that a significant contribution to the enhancement comes from the temporal modulation of the second order nonlinear susceptibility. Moreover, we show the frequency-modulated spectra resulting from single and double-slit time diffraction could be exploited for enhanced optical computing and sensing, enabling broadband time-varying effects on the harmonic signal and extending the application of Epsilon-Near-Zero materials to the visible range.

Published
2024
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9. Astronomy potential of KM3NeT/ARCA

Author

KM3NeT Collaboration, S. Aiello, A. Albert, M. Alshamsi, S. Alves Garre, Z. Aly, A. Ambrosone, F. Ameli, M. Andre, E. Androutsou, M. Anguita, L. Aphecetche, M. Ardid, S. Ardid, H. Atmani, J. Aublin, F. Badaracco, L. Bailly-Salins, Z. Bardačová, B. Baret, A. Bariego-Quintana, A. Baruzzi, S. Basegmez du Pree, Y. Becherini, M. Bendahman, F. Benfenati, M. Benhassi, D. M. Benoit, E. Berbee, V. Bertin, S. Biagi, M. Boettcher, D. Bonanno, J. Boumaaza, M. Bouta, M. Bouwhuis, C. Bozza, R. M. Bozza, H. Brânzaş, F. Bretaudeau, M. Breuhaus, R. Bruijn, J. Brunner, R. Bruno, E. Buis, R. Buompane, J. Busto, B. Caiffi, D. Calvo, S. Campion, A. Capone, F. Carenini, V. Carretero, T. Cartraud, P. Castaldi, V. Cecchini, S. Celli, L. Cerisy, M. Chabab, M. Chadolias, A. Chen, S. Cherubini, T. Chiarusi, M. Circella, R. Cocimano, J. A. B. Coelho, A. Coleiro, R. Coniglione, P. Coyle, A. Creusot, G. Cuttone, R. Dallier, Y. Darras, A. De Benedittis, B. De Martino, V. Decoene, R. Del Burgo, I. Del Rosso, L. S. Di Mauro, I. Di Palma, A. F. Díaz, C. Diaz, D. Diego-Tortosa, C. Distefano, A. Domi, C. Donzaud, D. Dornic, M. Dörr, E. Drakopoulou, D. Drouhin, J.-G. Ducoin, R. Dvornický, T. Eberl, E. Eckerová, A. Eddymaoui, T. van Eeden, M. Eff, D. van Eijk, I. El Bojaddaini, S. El Hedri, A. Enzenhöfer, G. Ferrara, M. D. Filipović, F. Filippini, D. Franciotti, L. A. Fusco, J. Gabriel, S. Gagliardini, T. Gal, J. García Méndez, A. Garcia Soto, C. Gatius Oliver, N. Geißelbrecht, H. Ghaddari, L. Gialanella, B. K. Gibson, E. Giorgio, I. Goos, P. Goswami, D. Goupilliere, S. R. Gozzini, R. Gracia, K. Graf, C. Guidi, B. Guillon, M. Gutiérrez, H. van Haren, A. Heijboer, A. Hekalo, L. Hennig, J. J. Hernández-Rey, W. Idrissi Ibnsalih, G. Illuminati, M. de Jong, P. de Jong, B. J. Jung, P. Kalaczyński, O. Kalekin, U. F. Katz, G. Kistauri, C. Kopper, A. Kouchner, V. Kueviakoe, V. Kulikovskiy, R. Kvatadze, M. Labalme, R. Lahmann, G. Larosa, C. Lastoria, A. Lazo, S. Le Stum, G. Lehaut, E. Leonora, N. Lessing, G. Levi, M. Lindsey Clark, F. Longhitano, F. Magnani, J. Majumdar, L. Malerba, F. Mamedov, J. Mańczak, A. Manfreda, M. Marconi, A. Margiotta, A. Marinelli, C. Markou, L. Martin, J. A. Martínez-Mora, F. Marzaioli, M. Mastrodicasa, S. Mastroianni, S. Miccichè, G. Miele, P. Migliozzi, E. Migneco, M. L. Mitsou, C. M. Mollo, L. Morales-Gallegos, M. Morga, A. Moussa, I. Mozun Mateo, R. Muller, M. R. Musone, M. Musumeci, S. Navas, A. Nayerhoda, C. A. Nicolau, B. Nkosi, B. Ó Fearraigh, V. Oliviero, A. Orlando, E. Oukacha, D. Paesani, J. Palacios González, G. Papalashvili, V. Parisi, E. J. Pastor Gomez, A. M. Păun, G. E. Păvălaş, I. Pelegris, S. Peña Martínez, M. Perrin-Terrin, J. Perronnel, V. Pestel, R. Pestes, P. Piattelli, C. Poirè, V. Popa, T. Pradier, J. Prado, S. Pulvirenti, C. A. Quiroz-Rangel, U. Rahaman, N. Randazzo, R. Randriatoamanana, S. Razzaque, I. C. Rea, D. Real, G. Riccobene, J. Robinson, A. Romanov, A. Šaina, F. Salesa Greus, D. F. E. Samtleben, A. Sánchez Losa, S. Sanfilippo, M. Sanguineti, C. Santonastaso, D. Santonocito, P. Sapienza, J. Schnabel, J. Schumann, H. M. Schutte, J. Seneca, N. Sennan, B. Setter, I. Sgura, R. Shanidze, A. Sharma, Y. Shitov, F. Šimkovic, A. Simonelli, A. Sinopoulou, M. V. Smirnov, B. Spisso, M. Spurio, D. Stavropoulos, I. Štekl, M. Taiuti, Y. Tayalati, H. Thiersen, I. Tosta e Melo, E. Tragia, B. Trocmé, V. Tsourapis, A. Tudorache, E. Tzamariudaki, A. Vacheret, A. Valer Melchor, V. Valsecchi, V. Van Elewyck, G. Vannoye, G. Vasileiadis, F. Vazquez de Sola, C. Verilhac, A. Veutro, S. Viola, D. Vivolo, J. Wilms, E. de Wolf, H. Yepes-Ramirez, G. Zarpapis, S. Zavatarelli, A. Zegarelli, D. Zito, J. D. Zornoza, J. Zúñiga, and N. Zywucka

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract The KM3NeT/ARCA neutrino detector is currently under construction at 3500 m depth offshore Capo Passero, Sicily, in the Mediterranean Sea. The main science objectives are the detection of high-energy cosmic neutrinos and the discovery of their sources. Simulations were conducted for the full KM3NeT/ARCA detector, instrumenting a volume of 1 km $$^3$$ 3 , to estimate the sensitivity and discovery potential to point-like neutrino sources. This paper covers the reconstruction of track- and shower-like signatures, as well as the criteria employed for neutrino event selection. With an angular resolution below 0.1 $$^\circ $$ ∘ for tracks and under 2 $$^\circ $$ ∘ for showers, the sensitivity to point-like neutrino sources surpasses existing observed limits across the entire sky.

Published
2024
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10. Assessing the clinical utility of inertial sensors for home monitoring in Parkinson’s disease: a comprehensive review

Author

Stefano Sapienza, Olena Tsurkalenko, Marijus Giraitis, Alan Castro Mejia, Gelani Zelimkhanov, Isabel Schwaninger, and Jochen Klucken

Subjects
Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
Abstract

Abstract This review screened 296 articles on wearable sensors for home monitoring of people with Parkinson’s Disease within the PubMed Database, from January 2017 to May 2023. A three-level maturity framework was applied for classifying the aims of 59 studies included: demonstrating technical efficacy, diagnostic sensitivity, or clinical utility. As secondary analysis, user experience (usability and patient adherence) was evaluated. The evidences provided by the studies were categorized and stratified according to the level of maturity. Our results indicate that approximately 75% of articles investigated diagnostic sensitivity, i.e. correlation of sensor-data with clinical parameters. Evidence of clinical utility, defined as improvement on health outcomes or clinical decisions after the use of the wearables, was found only in nine papers. A third of the articles included reported evidence of user experience. Future research should focus more on clinical utility, to facilitate the translation of research results within the management of Parkinson’s Disease.

Published
2024
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11. Atmospheric muons measured with the KM3NeT detectors in comparison with updated numeric predictions

Author

KM3NeT Collaboration, S. Aiello, A. Albert, M. Alshamsi, S. Alves Garre, A. Ambrosone, F. Ameli, M. Andre, E. Androutsou, M. Anguita, L. Aphecetche, M. Ardid, S. Ardid, A. Arsenic, H. Atmani, J. Aublin, F. Badaracco, L. Bailly-Salins, Z. Bardačová, B. Baret, A. Bariego-Quintana, S. Basegmez du Pree, Y. Becherini, M. Bendahman, F. Benfenati, M. Benhassi, D. M. Benoit, E. Berbee, V. Bertin, S. Biagi, M. Boettcher, D. Bonanno, J. Boumaaza, M. Bouta, M. Bouwhuis, C. Bozza, R. M. Bozza, H. Brânzaş, F. Bretaudeau, M. Breuhaus, R. Bruijn, J. Brunner, R. Bruno, E. Buis, R. Buompane, J. Busto, B. Caiffi, D. Calvo, S. Campion, A. Capone, F. Carenini, V. Carretero, T. Cartraud, P. Castaldi, V. Cecchini, S. Celli, L. Cerisy, M. Chabab, M. Chadolias, A. Chen, S. Cherubini, T. Chiarusi, M. Circella, R. Cocimano, J. A. B. Coelho, A. Coleiro, A. Condorelli, R. Coniglione, P. Coyle, A. Creusot, G. Cuttone, R. Dallier, Y. Darras, A. De Benedittis, B. De Martino, V. Decoene, R. Del Burgo, I. Del Rosso, L. S. Di Mauro, I. Di Palma, A. F. Díaz, C. Diaz, D. Diego-Tortosa, C. Distefano, A. Domi, C. Donzaud, D. Dornic, M. Dörr, E. Drakopoulou, D. Drouhin, J.-G. Ducoin, R. Dvornický, T. Eberl, E. Eckerová, A. Eddymaoui, T. van Eeden, M. Eff, D. van Eijk, I. El Bojaddaini, S. El Hedri, A. Enzenhöfer, G. Ferrara, M. D. Filipović, F. Filippini, D. Franciotti, L. A. Fusco, S. Gagliardini, T. Gal, J. García Méndez, A. Garcia Soto, C. Gatius Oliver, N. Geißelbrecht, H. Ghaddari, L. Gialanella, B. K. Gibson, E. Giorgio, I. Goos, P. Goswami, S. R. Gozzini, R. Gracia, K. Graf, C. Guidi, B. Guillon, M. Gutiérrez, C. Haack, H. van Haren, A. Heijboer, A. Hekalo, L. Hennig, J. J. Hernández-Rey, W. Idrissi Ibnsalih, G. Illuminati, D. Joly, M. de Jong, P. de Jong, B. J. Jung, P. Kalaczyński, O. Kalekin, U. F. Katz, A. Khatun, G. Kistauri, C. Kopper, A. Kouchner, V. Kueviakoe, V. Kulikovskiy, R. Kvatadze, M. Labalme, R. Lahmann, G. Larosa, C. Lastoria, A. Lazo, S. Le Stum, G. Lehaut, E. Leonora, N. Lessing, G. Levi, F. Longhitano, F. Magnani, J. Majumdar, L. Malerba, F. Mamedov, J. Mańczak, A. Manfreda, M. Marconi, A. Margiotta, A. Marinelli, C. Markou, L. Martin, F. Marzaioli, M. Mastrodicasa, S. Mastroianni, S. Miccichè, G. Miele, P. Migliozzi, E. Migneco, M. L. Mitsou, C. M. Mollo, L. Morales-Gallegos, G. Moretti, A. Moussa, I. Mozun Mateo, R. Muller, M. R. Musone, M. Musumeci, S. Navas, A. Nayerhoda, C. A. Nicolau, B. Nkosi, B. Ó. Fearraigh, V. Oliviero, A. Orlando, E. Oukacha, D. Paesani, J. Palacios González, G. Papalashvili, V. Parisi, E. J. Pastor Gomez, A. M. Păun, G. E. Păvălaş, I. Pelegris, S. Peña Martínez, M. Perrin-Terrin, J. Perronnel, V. Pestel, R. Pestes, P. Piattelli, C. Poirè, V. Popa, T. Pradier, J. Prado, S. Pulvirenti, C. A. Quiroz-Rangel, U. Rahaman, N. Randazzo, S. Razzaque, I. C. Rea, D. Real, G. Riccobene, J. Robinson, A. Romanov, A. Šaina, F. Salesa Greus, D. F. E. Samtleben, A. Sánchez Losa, S. Sanfilippo, M. Sanguineti, C. Santonastaso, D. Santonocito, P. Sapienza, J. Schnabel, J. Schumann, H. M. Schutte, J. Seneca, N. Sennan, B. Setter, I. Sgura, R. Shanidze, A. Sharma, Y. Shitov, F. Šimkovic, A. Simonelli, A. Sinopoulou, M. V. Smirnov, B. Spisso, M. Spurio, D. Stavropoulos, I. Štekl, M. Taiuti, Y. Tayalati, H. Thiersen, I. Tosta e Melo, E. Tragia, B. Trocmé, V. Tsourapis, A. Tudorache, E. Tzamariudaki, A. Vacheret, A. Valer Melchor, V. Valsecchi, V. Van Elewyck, G. Vannoye, G. Vasileiadis, F. Vazquez de Sola, A. Veutro, S. Viola, D. Vivolo, J. Wilms, E. de Wolf, H. Yepes-Ramirez, I. Yvon, G. Zarpapis, S. Zavatarelli, A. Zegarelli, D. Zito, J. D. Zornoza, J. Zúñiga, and N. Zywucka

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract The measurement of the flux of muons produced in cosmic ray air showers is essential for the study of primary cosmic rays. Such measurements are important in extensive air shower detectors to assess the energy spectrum and the chemical composition of the cosmic ray flux, complementary to the information provided by fluorescence detectors. Detailed simulations of the cosmic ray air showers are carried out, using codes such as CORSIKA, to estimate the muon flux at sea level. These simulations are based on the choice of hadronic interaction models, for which improvements have been implemented in the post-LHC era. In this work, a deficit in simulations that use state-of-the-art QCD models with respect to the measurement deep underwater with the KM3NeT neutrino detectors is reported. The KM3NeT/ARCA and KM3NeT/ORCA neutrino telescopes are sensitive to TeV muons originating mostly from primary cosmic rays with energies around 10 TeV. The predictions of state-of-the-art QCD models show that the deficit with respect to the data is constant in zenith angle; no dependency on the water overburden is observed. The observed deficit at a depth of several kilometres is compatible with the deficit seen in the comparison of the simulations and measurements at sea level.

Published
2024
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21. Comparative Analysis of Cemented and Cementless Straight-Stem Prostheses in Hip Replacement Surgery for Elderly Patients: A Mid-Term Follow-up Study

Author

Marco Sapienza, Danilo Di Via, Marco Simone Vaccalluzzo, Luciano Costarella, Vito Pavone, and Gianluca Testa

Subjects
hip replacement surgery, femoral neck fractures, cemented stem, uncemented stem, clinical outcomes, radiographic outcomes, Medicine
Abstract

This retrospective cohort study assesses the effectiveness of straight-stem cementless versus cemented prostheses in hip replacement surgeries for elderly patients with femoral neck fractures. We analyzed 80 patients aged 70 and over who underwent surgery between 2018 and 2021. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using the Harris Hip Score, WOMAC Score, and Visual Analogue Scale, alongside radiological assessments through Brooker’s classification. Preoperative Dorr classification and five postoperative criteria (subsidence, cortical hypertrophy, pedestal sign, radiolucent lines, and stress shielding) were used to assess implant efficacy. The results demonstrated satisfactory mid-term outcomes for both groups, with slightly higher clinical scores observed in the cementless stem group. The Harris Hip Score (HHS) averaged 74.4 ± 6.7 in the cemented group and 79.2 ± 10.4 in the cementless group, with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.0146). The WOMAC Score showed an average of 30.1 ± 4.6 in the cemented group compared to 27.1 ± 6.9 in the cementless group, also indicating a statistically significant improvement (p = 0.0231). However, radiographic findings call for a re-evaluation of long-term stability. Our statistical analysis, which included power calculation and multivariate analysis to adjust for confounding variables, offers a comprehensive assessment of implant effectiveness. The findings contribute to the ongoing debate on the choice between cemented and cementless prostheses, indicating that both are viable options catering to different patient needs. Further research overcoming this study’s limitations is crucial for a deeper understanding of optimal treatment strategies in hip replacement surgery for the elderly.

Published
2024
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22. Who makes open source code? The hybridisation of commercial and open source practices

Author

Peter Mehler, Eva Iris Otto, and Anna Sapienza

Subjects
Software production, Dependency, Network, Open-source, Hybridization, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7
Abstract

Abstract While Free and Open Source (F/OSS) coding has traditionally been described as a separate commons linked to values of openness and sharing, recent research suggests an increasing integration of private corporations into F/OSS practices, blurring the boundaries between F/OSS and commodified coding. However, there is a dearth of empirical, and especially quantitative studies exploring this phenomenon. To address this gap, we model the power dynamics and infrastructural aspects of software production within GitHub, a central hub for F/OSS development, using a large-scale, directed network. Using various network statistics, we detect the ecosystem’s most impactful actors and find a nuanced picture of the influence of individuals, open source organizations, and private corporations in F/OSS practices. We find that the majority of public repositories on GitHub depend on a small core of specialized repositories and users. In accordance with expectations, individuals and open source organizations are more prevalent in this core of elite GitHub users, however, we also find a significant amount of private organizations with an indirect, yet consistent influence within GitHub. In addition, we find that directly influential individuals tend to facilitate sponsorship methods more often than indirectly or non-influential individuals. Our research highlights a hybridization of F/OSS and sheds light on the complex interplay between influence, power, and code production in the multi-language dependency ecosystem of GitHub.

Published
2024
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23. Progression subtypes in Parkinson’s disease identified by a data-driven multi cohort analysis

Author

Tom Hähnel, Tamara Raschka, Stefano Sapienza, Jochen Klucken, Enrico Glaab, Jean-Christophe Corvol, Björn H. Falkenburger, and Holger Fröhlich

Subjects
Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
Abstract

Abstract The progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is heterogeneous across patients, affecting counseling and inflating the number of patients needed to test potential neuroprotective treatments. Moreover, disease subtypes might require different therapies. This work uses a data-driven approach to investigate how observed heterogeneity in PD can be explained by the existence of distinct PD progression subtypes. To derive stable PD progression subtypes in an unbiased manner, we analyzed multimodal longitudinal data from three large PD cohorts and performed extensive cross-cohort validation. A latent time joint mixed-effects model (LTJMM) was used to align patients on a common disease timescale. Progression subtypes were identified by variational deep embedding with recurrence (VaDER). In each cohort, we identified a fast-progressing and a slow-progressing subtype, reflected by different patterns of motor and non-motor symptoms progression, survival rates, treatment response, features extracted from DaTSCAN imaging and digital gait assessments, education, and Alzheimer’s disease pathology. Progression subtypes could be predicted with ROC-AUC up to 0.79 for individual patients when a one-year observation period was used for model training. Simulations demonstrated that enriching clinical trials with fast-progressing patients based on these predictions can reduce the required cohort size by 43%. Our results show that heterogeneity in PD can be explained by two distinct subtypes of PD progression that are stable across cohorts. These subtypes align with the brain-first vs. body-first concept, which potentially provides a biological explanation for subtype differences. Our predictive models will enable clinical trials with significantly lower sample sizes by enriching fast-progressing patients.

Published
2024
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24. Anatomical variants of the intercostobrachial nerve and its preservation during surgery, a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Roberto Cirocchi, Matteo Matteucci, Justus Randolph, Francesca Duro, Luca Properzi, Stefano Avenia, Bruno Amato, Ruggiero Iandoli, Giovanni Tebala, Carlo Boselli, Piero Covarelli, and Paolo Sapienza

Subjects
Surgery, RD1-811, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Abstract Background The anatomic variants of the intercostobrachial nerve (ICBN) represent a potential risk of injuries during surgical procedure such as axillary lymph node dissection and sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer and melanoma patients. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the different origins and branching patterns of the intercostobrachial nerve also providing an analysis of the prevalence, through the analysis of the literature available up to September 2023. Materials and methods The protocol for this study was registered on PROSPERO (ID: CRD42023447932), an international prospective database for reviews. The PRISMA guideline was respected throughout the meta-analysis. A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. A search was performed in grey literature through google. Results We included a total of 23 articles (1,883 patients). The prevalence of the ICBN in the axillae was 98.94%. No significant differences in prevalence were observed during the analysis of geographic subgroups or by study type (cadaveric dissections and in intraoperative dissections). Only five studies of the 23 studies reported prevalence of less than 100%. Overall, the PPE was 99.2% with 95% Cis of 98.5% and 99.7%. As expected from the near constant variance estimates, the heterogeneity was low, I2 = 44.3% (95% CI 8.9%−65.9%), Q = 39.48, p = .012. When disaggregated by evaluation type, the difference in PPEs between evaluation types was negligible. For cadaveric dissection, the PPE was 99.7% (95% CI 99.1%–100.0%) compared to 99.0% (95% CI 98.1%–99.7%). Conclusions The prevalence of ICBN variants was very high. The dissection of the ICBN during axillary lymph-node harvesting, increases the risk of sensory disturbance. The preservation of the ICBN does not modify the oncological radicality in axillary dissection for patients with cutaneous metastatic melanoma or breast cancer. Therefore, we recommend to operate on these patients in high volume center to reduce post-procedural pain and paresthesia associated with a lack of ICBN variants recognition.

Published
2024
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25. Embracing Uncertainty to Resolve Polar Wander: A Case Study of Cenozoic North America

Author

Gallo, LC, Domeier, M, Sapienza, F, Swanson‐Hysell, NL, Vaes, B, Zhang, Y, Arnould, M, Eyster, A, Gürer, D, Király, Á, Robert, B, Rolf, T, Shephard, G, and van der Boon, A

Subjects
Earth Sciences, Geochemistry, Geology, Geophysics, paleomagnetism, polar wander, uncertainty quantification, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Abstract

Our understanding of Earth's paleogeography relies heavily on paleomagnetic apparent polar wander paths (APWPs), which represent the time-dependent position of Earth's spin axis relative to a given block of lithosphere. However, conventional approaches to APWP construction have significant limitations. First, the paleomagnetic record contains substantial noise that is not integrated into APWPs. Second, parametric assumptions are adopted to represent spatial and temporal uncertainties even where the underlying data do not conform to the assumed distributions. The consequences of these limitations remain largely unknown. Here, we address these challenges with a bottom-up Monte Carlo uncertainty propagation scheme that operates on site-level paleomagnetic data. To demonstrate our methodology, we present an extensive compilation of site-level Cenozoic paleomagnetic data from North America, which we use to generate a high-resolution APWP. Our results demonstrate that even in the presence of substantial noise, polar wandering can be assessed with unprecedented temporal and spatial resolution.

Published
2023

26. Health-related quality of life in severe hypersensitivity reactions: focus on severe allergic asthma and hymenoptera venom anaphylaxis—a cross-sectional study

Author

Luisa Ricciardi, Orlando Silvestro, Gabriella Martino, Antonino Catalano, Carmelo Mario Vicario, Trine Lund-Jacobsen, Peter Schwarz, Daniela Sapienza, Sebastiano Gangemi, Giovanni Pioggia, and Concetto Mario Giorgianni

Subjects
clinical psychology, immunology, alexithymia, severe allergic asthma, hymenoptera venom anaphylaxis, H-R quality of life, Psychology, BF1-990
Abstract

BackgroundGrowing evidence reveals the important role of clinical psychological factors in chronic-immune diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate Health-Related Quality of Life (HR-QoL), depression, anxiety, and alexithymia in patients with severe hypersensitivity reactions such as Severe Allergic Asthma (SAA) and Hymenoptera Venom Anaphylaxis (HVA).MethodsThe Short-Form Health Survey-36 (SF-36), the Beck Depression Inventory Questionnaire (BDI-II), the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) were used to assess HR-QoL and clinical psychological features of patients with SAA and HVA.ResultsOverall, 78 patients were recruited. Patients with SAA (n = 35) reported lower scores for physical functioning [65 (58–75) vs. 90 (85–95); p =

Published
2024
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29. The Role of Health Institutions in Training Healthcare Personnel for the Digital Transition: The International Training Program of the Order of Physicians and Dentists of Rome

Author

Maria Chiara Gatto, Emanuela Maria Frisicale, Pietro Palopoli, Martina Sapienza, Emanuele Caroppo, Cristina Patrizi, Giovanni Migliano, and Gianfranco Damiani

Subjects
digital health, telemedicine, healthcare professionals, training, Erasmus+ project, Special aspects of education, LC8-6691, Medicine
Abstract

Digital health, encompassing the use of digital technologies in healthcare, and telemedicine, facilitating healthcare delivery across long distances, have witnessed widespread applications across various healthcare domains. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the adoption of digital solutions in healthcare, overcoming barriers to access and fostering transitions to new care models. However, healthcare professionals often lack digital health competencies, necessitating targeted training initiatives. This study presents a project initiated by the Order of Physicians and Dentists of Rome, promoting a comprehensive training program in digital health for healthcare professionals. This investigation aims to describe the project, report demographic characteristics of participants, and analyze survey results on participants’ perceptions of the training program. The Erasmus+ project, titled ‘Training of Physician Trainers in Telemedicine, eHealth, and Digital Medicine,’ facilitated the digital transition of the healthcare sector through international training. The project involved structured courses, job-shadowing, and support activities in Malta and Madrid. A survey, developed using the Delphi methodology, assessed participants’ views on telemedicine. Thirty participants, selected based on merit, engaged in the project. Survey responses highlighted a strong impact on participants’ understanding of digital health concepts and increased confidence in utilizing digital tools. Notably, 85% acknowledged significant skill acquisition in healthcare digitalization. The project addressed a critical training gap among healthcare professionals, emphasizing the need for ongoing education in digital health. Despite existing recommendations, formal digital health education remains limited. The study underscores the importance of educational efforts to foster a digitalized healthcare model.

Published
2024
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30. Single-emitter super-resolved imaging of radiative decay rate enhancement in dielectric gap nanoantennas

Author

R. Margoth Córdova-Castro, Bart van Dam, Alberto Lauri, Stefan A. Maier, Riccardo Sapienza, Yannick De Wilde, Ignacio Izeddin, and Valentina Krachmalnicoff

Subjects
Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820, Optics. Light, QC350-467
Abstract

Abstract High refractive index dielectric nanoantennas strongly modify the decay rate via the Purcell effect through the design of radiative channels. Due to their dielectric nature, the field is mainly confined inside the nanostructure and in the gap, which is hard to probe with scanning probe techniques. Here we use single-molecule fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (smFLIM) to map the decay rate enhancement in dielectric GaP nanoantenna dimers with a median localization precision of 14 nm. We measure, in the gap of the nanoantenna, decay rates that are almost 30 times larger than on a glass substrate. By comparing experimental results with numerical simulations we show that this large enhancement is essentially radiative, contrary to the case of plasmonic nanoantennas, and therefore has great potential for applications such as quantum optics and biosensing.

Published
2024
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31. Overground Walking With a Transparent Exoskeleton Shows Changes in Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters

Author

Rafhael M. Andrade, Stefano Sapienza, Abolfazl Mohebbi, Eric E. Fabara, and Paolo Bonato

Subjects
Lower-limb exoskeleton, gait training, transparent control, gait kinematics, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7, Medical technology, R855-855.5
Abstract

Lower-limb gait training (GT) exoskeletons have been successfully used in rehabilitation programs to overcome the burden of locomotor impairment. However, providing suitable net interaction torques to assist patient movements is still a challenge. Previous transparent operation approaches have been tested in treadmill-based GT exoskeletons to improve user-robot interaction. However, it is not yet clear how a transparent lower-limb GT system affects user’s gait kinematics during overground walking, which unlike treadmill-based systems, requires active participation of the subjects to maintain stability. In this study, we implemented a transparent operation strategy on the ExoRoboWalker, an overground GT exoskeleton, to investigate its effect on the user’s gait. The approach employs a feedback zero-torque controller with feedforward compensation for the exoskeleton’s dynamics and actuators’ impedance. We analyzed the data of five healthy subjects walking overground with the exoskeleton in transparent mode (ExoTransp) and non-transparent mode (ExoOff) and walking without exoskeleton (NoExo). The transparent controller reduced the user-robot interaction torque and improved the user’s gait kinematics relative to ExoOff. No significant difference in stride length is observed between ExoTransp and NoExo (p = 0.129). However, the subjects showed a significant difference in cadence between ExoTransp (50.9± 1.1 steps/min) and NoExo (93.7 ± 8.7 steps/min) (p = 0.015), but not between ExoTransp and ExoOff (p = 0.644). Results suggest that subjects wearing the exoskeleton adjust their gait as in an attention-demanding task changing the spatiotemporal gait characteristics likely to improve gait balance.

Published
2024
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32. Association between gut microbiota and CpG island methylator phenotype in colorectal cancer

Author

Pyoung Hwa Park, Kelsey Keith, Gennaro Calendo, Jaroslav Jelinek, Jozef Madzo, Raad Z. Gharaibeh, Jayashri Ghosh, Carmen Sapienza, Christian Jobin, and Jean-Pierre J. Issa

Subjects
Gut microbiota, Colorectal cancer, CpG island methylator phenotype, DNA methylation, Epigenetics, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract

The intestinal microbiota is an important environmental factor implicated in CRC development. Intriguingly, modulation of DNA methylation by gut microbiota has been reported in preclinical models, although the relationship between tumor-infiltrating bacteria and CIMP status is currently unexplored. In this study, we investigated tumor-associated bacteria in 203 CRC tumor cases and validated the findings using The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets. We assessed the abundance of Bacteroides fragilis, Escherichia coli, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Klebsiella pneumoniae through qPCR analysis and observed enrichment of all four bacterial species in CRC samples. Notably, except for E. coli, all exhibited significant enrichment in cases of CIMP. This enrichment was primarily driven by a subset of cases distinguished by high levels of these bacteria, which we labeled as “Superhigh”. The bacterial Superhigh status showed a significant association with CIMP (odds ratio 3.1, p-value = 0.013) and with MLH1 methylation (odds ratio 4.2, p-value = 0.0025). In TCGA CRC cases (393 tumor and 45 adj. normal), bacterial taxa information was extracted from non-human whole exome sequencing reads, and the bacterial Superhigh status was similarly associated with CIMP (odds ratio 2.9, p

Published
2024
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33. Correlation of 18F-sodium fluoride uptake and radiodensity in extraosseous metastases of medullary thyroid carcinoma

Author

Cristina Emiko Ueda, Laís Flausino Dias, Camila de Godoi Carneiro, Marcelo Tatit Sapienza, Carlos Alberto Buchpiguel, and Paulo Schiavom Duarte

Subjects
Medullary thyroid carcinoma, calcification, 18F-NaF, PET/CT, radiodensity, Hounsfield unit, Medicine, Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology, RC648-665
Abstract

ABSTRACT Objective: Although 18F-sodium fluoride (18F-NaF) uptake is frequently observed in extraosseous metastases of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) with calcification, it can also occur in metastatic sites without visible calcium deposition, leading to the hypothesis that visually undetectable calcium accumulation may be responsible for this uptake. The aim of this study was to indirectly support this hypothesis by analyzing the correlation between the degree of 18F-NaF uptake and radiodensity in extraosseous MTC metastases, since calcium deposition can increase attenuation even when not visually detectable. Subjects and methods: Extraosseous metastatic lesions of 15 patients with MTC were evaluated using 18F-NaF positron-emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) and segmented by levels of standardized uptake value (SUV). The correlation between mean SUV and mean Hounsfield unit (HU) values was assessed for the entire group of segments and for two subgroups with different mean HU values. Results: Very high correlations were observed between mean SUV and mean HU values for both the entire group of segments and the subgroup with a mean HU value greater than 130 (p = 0.92 and p = 0.95, respectively; p < 0.01). High correlation (p = 0.71) was also observed in the subgroup with mean HU values ranging from 20 to 130 (p < 0.01). Conclusion: The findings of the present study suggest that there is an association between 18F-NaF uptake and calcium deposition in extraosseous metastases of MTC, supporting the hypothesis that visually undetectable calcium accumulation may be responsible for 18F-NaF uptake in regions without visible calcium deposition.

Published
2024
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34. Decoding the historical tale: COVID-19 impact on haematological malignancy patients—EPICOVIDEHA insights from 2020 to 2022Research in context

Author

Jon Salmanton-García, Francesco Marchesi, Francesca Farina, Barbora Weinbergerová, Federico Itri, Julio Dávila-Valls, Sonia Martín-Pérez, Andreas Glenthøj, Ditte Stampe Hersby, Maria Gomes da Silva, Raquel Nunes Rodrigues, Alberto López-García, Raúl Córdoba, Yavuz M. Bilgin, Iker Falces-Romero, Shaimaa El-Ashwah, Ziad Emarah, Caroline Besson, Milena Kohn, Jaap Van Doesum, Emanuele Ammatuna, Monia Marchetti, Jorge Labrador, Giovanni Paolo Maria Zambrotta, Luisa Verga, Ozren Jaksic, Marcio Nucci, Klára Piukovics, Alba Cabirta-Touzón, Moraima Jiménez, Elena Arellano, Ildefonso Espigado, Ola Blennow, Anna Nordlander, Stef Meers, Jens van Praet, Tommaso Francesco Aiello, Carolina Garcia-Vidal, Nicola Fracchiolla, Mariarita Sciumè, Guldane Cengiz Seval, Pavel Žák, Caterina Buquicchio, Carlo Tascini, Stefanie K. Gräfe, Martin Schönlein, Tatjana Adžić-Vukičević, Valentina Bonuomo, Chiara Cattaneo, Summiya Nizamuddin, Martin Čerňan, Gaëtan Plantefeve, Romane Prin, Tomas Szotkovski, Graham P. Collins, Michelina Dargenio, Verena Petzer, Dominik Wolf, Natasha Čolović, Lucia Prezioso, Toni Valković, Francesco Passamonti, Gustavo-Adolfo Méndez, Uluhan Sili, Antonio Vena, Martina Bavastro, Alessandro Limongelli, Rafael F. Duarte, Marie-Pierre Ledoux, Milche Cvetanoski, Zlate Stojanoski, Marina Machado, Josip Batinić, Gabriele Magliano, Monika M. Biernat, Nikola Pantić, Christian Bjørn Poulsen, Annarosa Cuccaro, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, Austin Kulasekararaj, Irati Ormazabal-Vélez, Alessandro Busca, Fatih Demirkan, Marriyam Ijaz, Nikolai Klimko, Igor Stoma, Sofya Khostelidi, Noemí Fernández, Ali S. Omrani, Rui Bergantim, Nick De Jonge, Guillemette Fouquet, Milan Navrátil, Ghaith Abu-Zeinah, Michail Samarkos, Johan Maertens, Cristina De Ramón, Anna Guidetti, Ferenc Magyari, Tomás José González-López, Tobias Lahmer, Olimpia Finizio, Natasha Ali, László Imre Pinczés, Esperanza Lavilla-Rubira, Alessandra Romano, Maria Merelli, Mario Delia, Maria Calbacho, Joseph Meletiadis, Darko Antić, José-Ángel Hernández-Rivas, Joyce Marques de Almeida, Murtadha Al-Khabori, Martin Hoenigl, Maria Chiara Tisi, Nina Khanna, Aleksandra Barać, Noha Eisa, Roberta Di Blasi, Raphaël Liévin, Carolina Miranda-Castillo, Nathan C. Bahr, Sylvain Lamure, Mario Virgilio Papa, Ayel Yahya, Avinash Aujayeb, Jan Novák, Nurettin Erben, María Fernández-Galán, José-María Ribera-Santa Susana, Ikhwan Rinaldi, Rita Fazzi, Monica Piedimonte, Rémy Duléry, Yung Gonzaga, Andrés Soto-Silva, Giuseppe Sapienza, Alexandra Serris, Ľuboš Drgoňa, Ana Groh, Laura Serrano, Eleni Gavriilaki, Athanasios Tragiannidis, Juergen Prattes, Nicola Coppola, Vladimir Otašević, Miloš Mladenović, Mirjana Mitrović, Bojana Mišković, Pavel Jindra, Sofia Zompi, Maria Vittoria Sacchi, Carolin Krekeler, Maria Stefania Infante, Daniel García-Bordallo, Gökçe Melis Çolak, Jiří Mayer, Marietta Nygaard, Michaela Hanáková, Zdeněk Ráčil, Matteo Bonanni, Philipp Koehler, Laman Rahimli, Oliver A. Cornely, Livio Pagano, Francisco Javier Martín-Vallejo, Przemyslaw Zdziarski, Hossein Zarrinfer, Jana Wittig, Sein Win, Vivien Wai-Man, Benjamín Víšek, Donald C. Vinh, Maria Vehreschild, Gina Varricchio, Panagiotis Tsirigotis, Ana Torres-Tienza, Alina Daniela Tanase, Agostino Tafuri, Maria Stamouli, Jiří Sramek, Carole Soussain, Ayten Shirinova, Jörg Schubert, Enrico Schalk, Mohammad Reza Salehi, Modar Saleh, Giorgio Rosati, Elisa Roldán, Florian Reizine, Mayara Rêgo, Isabel Regalado-Artamendi, Marina Popova, Fernando Pinto, Laure Philippe, Hans Martin Orth, Hans-Beier Ommen, Aleš Obr, Lucía Núñez-Martín-Buitrago, Nicolas Noël, Julia Neuhann, Gianpaolo Nadali, Julia A. Nacov, Ana M. Munhoz Alburquerque, Maria Enza Mitra, Malgorzata Mikulska, Sibylle Mellinghoff, Ben Mechtel, Juan-Alberto Martín-González, Sandra Malak, Jorge Loureiro-Amigo, Lisset Lorenzo De La Peña, Giulia Liberti, Marianne Landau, Ira Lacej, Martin Kolditz, Chi Shan Kho, Reham Abdelaziz Khedr, Meinolf Karthaus, Linda Katharina Karlsson, María-Josefa Jiménez-Lorenzo, Macarena Izuzquiza, Baerbel Hoell-Neugebauer, Raoul Herbrecht, Christopher H. Heath, Fabio Guolo, Jan Grothe, Antonio Giordano, Sergey Gerasymchuk, Ramón García-Sanz, Nicole García-Poutón, Vaneuza Araújo Moreira Funke, Monica Fung, Charlotte Flasshove, Luana Fianchi, Jenna Essame, Matthias Egger, Bernard Drenou, Giulia Dragonetti, Maximilian Desole, Roberta Della Pepa, Bénédicte Deau Fischer, Elizabeth De Kort, Erik De Cabo, François Danion, Etienne Daguindau, Tania Cushion, Louise Cremer, Marianna Criscuolo, Gregorio Cordini, Antonella Cingolani, Fabio Ciceri, Fazle Rabbi Chowdhury, Ekaterina Chelysheva, Adrien Chauchet, Louis Yi Ann Chai, M. Mansour Ceesay, Elena Busch, Mathias Brehon, Davimar M.M. Borducchi, Stephen Booth, Serge Bologna, Caroline Berg Venemyr, Rebeca Bailén-Almorox, Anastasia Antoniadou, Amalia N. Anastasopoulou, and Fevzi Altuntaş

Subjects
Vaccination, ICU, COVID-19, Haematological malignancy, Immunosuppression, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Summary: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic heightened risks for individuals with hematological malignancies due to compromised immune systems, leading to more severe outcomes and increased mortality. While interventions like vaccines, targeted antivirals, and monoclonal antibodies have been effective for the general population, their benefits for these patients may not be as pronounced. Methods: The EPICOVIDEHA registry (National Clinical Trials Identifier, NCT04733729) gathers COVID-19 data from hematological malignancy patients since the pandemic's start worldwide. It spans various global locations, allowing comprehensive analysis over the first three years (2020–2022). Findings: The EPICOVIDEHA registry collected data from January 2020 to December 2022, involving 8767 COVID-19 cases in hematological malignancy patients from 152 centers across 41 countries, with 42% being female. Over this period, there was a significant reduction in critical infections and an overall decrease in mortality from 29% to 4%. However, hospitalization, particularly in the ICU, remained associated with higher mortality rates. Factors contributing to increased mortality included age, multiple comorbidities, active malignancy at COVID-19 onset, pulmonary symptoms, and hospitalization. On the positive side, vaccination with one to two doses or three or more doses, as well as encountering COVID-19 in 2022, were associated with improved survival. Interpretation: Patients with hematological malignancies still face elevated risks, despite reductions in critical infections and overall mortality rates over time. Hospitalization, especially in ICUs, remains a significant concern. The study underscores the importance of vaccination and the timing of COVID-19 exposure in 2022 for enhanced survival in this patient group. Ongoing monitoring and targeted interventions are essential to support this vulnerable population, emphasizing the critical role of timely diagnosis and prompt treatment in preventing severe COVID-19 cases. Funding: Not applicable.

Published
2024
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35. Levodopa-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease: Insights from cross-cohort prognostic analysis using machine learning

Author

Acharya, Geeta, Aguayo, Gloria, Alexandre, Myriam, Ali, Muhammad, Ammerlann, Wim, Arena, Giuseppe, Bassis, Michele, Batutu, Roxane, Beaumont, Katy, Béchet, Sibylle, Berchem, Guy, Bisdorff, Alexandre, Boussaad, Ibrahim, Bouvier, David, Castillo, Lorieza, Contesotto, Gessica, DE Bremaeker, Nancy, Dewitt, Brian, Diederich, Nico, Dondelinger, Rene, Ramia, Nancy E., Ferrari, Angelo, Frauenknecht, Katrin, Fritz, Joëlle, Gamio, Carlos, Gantenbein, Manon, Gawron, Piotr, Georges, Laura, Ghosh, Soumyabrata, Giraitis, Marijus, Glaab, Enrico, Goergen, Martine, Gómez DE Lope, Elisa, Graas, Jérôme, Graziano, Mariella, Groues, Valentin, Grünewald, Anne, Hammot, Gaël, Anne-Marie, H.A.N.F.F., Hansen, Linda, Heneka, Michael, Henry, Estelle, Henry, Margaux, Herbrink, Sylvia, Herzinger, Sascha, Hundt, Alexander, Jacoby, Nadine, Jónsdóttir, Sonja, Klucken, Jochen, Kofanova, Olga, Krüger, Rejko, Lambert, Pauline, Landoulsi, Zied, Lentz, Roseline, Longhino, Laura, Lopes, Ana Festas, Lorentz, Victoria, Marques, Tainá M., Marques, Guilherme, Martins Conde, Patricia, Patrick, M.A.Y., Mcintyre, Deborah, Mediouni, Chouaib, Meisch, Francoise, Mendibide, Alexia, Menster, Myriam, Minelli, Maura, Mittelbronn, Michel, Mtimet, Saïda, Munsch, Maeva, Nati, Romain, Nehrbass, Ulf, Nickels, Sarah, Nicolai, Beatrice, Jean-Paul, N.I.C.O.L.A.Y., Noor, Fozia, Gomes, Clarissa P.C., Pachchek, Sinthuja, Pauly, Claire, Pauly, Laure, Pavelka, Lukas, Perquin, Magali, Pexaras, Achilleas, Rauschenberger, Armin, Rawal, Rajesh, Reddy Bobbili, Dheeraj, Remark, Lucie, Richard, Ilsé, Roland, Olivia, Roomp, Kirsten, Rosales, Eduardo, Sapienza, Stefano, Satagopam, Venkata, Schmitz, Sabine, Schneider, Reinhard, Schwamborn, Jens, Severino, Raquel, Sharify, Amir, Soare, Ruxandra, Soboleva, Ekaterina, Sokolowska, Kate, Theresine, Maud, Thien, Hermann, Thiry, Elodie, Ting Jiin Loo, Rebecca, Trouet, Johanna, Tsurkalenko, Olena, Vaillant, Michel, Vega, Carlos, Vilas Boas, Liliana, Wilmes, Paul, Wollscheid-Lengeling, Evi, Zelimkhanov, Gelani, Loo, Rebecca Ting Jiin, Mangone, Graziella, Khoury, Fouad, Vidailhet, Marie, and Corvol, Jean-Christophe

Published
2024
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36. Glomerular Filtration Rate Estimation Using β2-Microglobulin and β-Trace Protein in Adults With Solid Tumors: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Costa e Silva, Verônica T., Gil, Luiz A., Jr, Inker, Lesley A., Caires, Renato A., Costalonga, Elerson, Coura-Filho, George, Sapienza, Marcelo T., Castro, Gilberto, Jr, Estevez-Diz, Maria D.P., Zanetta, Dirce Maria T., Antonângelo, Leila, Marçal, Lia, Tighiouart, Hocine, Miao, Shiyuan, Mathew, Paul, Levey, Andrew S., and Burdmann, Emmanuel A.

Published
2024
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37. Tumor microenvironment of Burkitt lymphoma: different immune signatures with different clinical behavior

Author

Siciliano, Maria Chiara, Bertolazzi, Giorgio, Morello, Gaia, Tornambè, Salvatore, Del Corvo, Marcello, Granai, Massimo, Sapienza, Maria Rosaria, Leahy, Ciara I., Fennell, Eanna, Belmonte, Beatrice, Arcuri, Felice, Vannucchi, Margherita, Mancini, Virginia, Guazzo, Raffaella, Boccacci, Roberto, Onyango, Noel, Nyagol, Joshua, Santi, Raffaella, Di Stefano, Gioia, Ferrara, Domenico, Bellan, Cristiana, Marafioti, Teresa, Ott, German, Siebert, Reiner, Quintanilla-Fend, Leticia, Fend, Falko, Murray, Paul, Tripodo, Claudio, Pileri, Stefano, Lazzi, Stefano, and Leoncini, Lorenzo

Published
2024
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42. Structure-based optimization of aminothiadiazole inhibitors of AKT

Author

Mortensen, Deborah S., Hegde, Sayee G., Perrin-Ninkovic, Sophie M., Bahmanyar, Sogole, McCarrick, Meg, Harris, Roy, Hilgraf, Robert, Lee, Branden G. S., McKie, Jeff, Nadolny, Lisa, Sapienza, John, Collette, Alice, Cox, Sarah, Gamez, James C., Hensel, Jennifer L., Hua, Xuequn Helen, Leisten, Jim, Raymon, Heather K., Tran, Tam, and Narla, Rama Krishna

Published
2023
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43. Age, successive waves, immunization, and mortality in elderly COVID-19 hematological patients: EPICOVIDEHA findings

Author

Giuseppe Rossi, Jon Salmanton-García, Chiara Cattaneo, Francesco Marchesi, Julio Dávila-Valls, Sonia Martín-Pérez, Federico Itri, Alberto López-García, Andreas Glenthøj, Maria Gomes da Silva, Caroline Besson, Monia Marchetti, Barbora Weinbergerová, Ozren Jaksic, Moraima Jiménez, Yavuz M. Bilgin, Jaap Van Doesum, Francesca Farina, Pavel Žák, Luisa Verga, Graham P. Collins, Valentina Bonuomo, Jens Van Praet, Marcio Nucci, Stef Meers, Ildefonso Espigado, Nicola S. Fracchiolla, Toni Valković, Christian Bjørn Poulsen, Natasha Čolović, Giulia Dragonetti, Marie-Pierre Ledoux, Carlo Tascini, Caterina Buquicchio, Ola Blennow, Francesco Passamonti, Marina Machado, Jorge Labrador, Rafael F. Duarte, Martin Schönlein, Lucia Prezioso, Iker Falces-Romero, Austin Kulasekararaj, Carolina Garcia-Vidal, Noemí Fernández, Ghaith Abu-Zeinah, Irati Ormazabal-Vélez, Tatjana Adžić-Vukičević, Klára Piukovics, Igor Stoma, Annarosa Cuccaro, Gabriele Magliano, Tomáš Szotkowski, Tomás-José González-López, Shaimaa El-Ashwah, Rui Bergantim, Uluhan Sili, Johan Maertens, Fatih Demirkan, Cristina De Ramón, Verena Petzer, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, Milan Navrátil, Michelina Dargenio, Guldane Cengiz Seval, Michail Samarkos, Zdeněk Ráčil, László Imre Pinczés, Tobias Lahmer, Alessandro Busca, Gustavo-Adolfo Méndez, Antonio Vena, Monika M. Biernat, Maria Merelli, Maria Calbacho, Aleksandra Barać, Martina Bavastro, Alessandro Limongelli, Osman Ilhan, Dominik Wolf, Gökçe Melis Çolak, Ramón García-Sanz, Ziad Emarah, Bojana Mišković, Stefanie K. Gräfe, Miloš Mladenović, Tommaso Francesco Aiello, Lucía Núñez-Martín-Buitrago, Anna Nordlander, Elena Arellano, Giovanni Paolo Maria Zambrotta, Emanuele Ammatuna, Alba Cabirta, Maria Vittoria Sacchi, Raquel Nunes Rodrigues, Ditte Stampe Hersby, Michaela Hanakova, Laman Rahimli, Raul Cordoba, Oliver A. Cornely, Livio Pagano, Joyce MARQUES DE ALMEIDA, José-Ángel HERNÁNDEZ-RIVAS, Anna GUIDETTI, Olimpia FINIZIO, Zlate STOJANOSKI, Milche CVETANOSKI, Joseph MELETIADIS, Nick DE JONGE, Darko ANTIĆ, Natasha ALI, Maria Chiara TISI, Laura SERRANO, Gaëtan PLANTEFEVE, Nina KHANNA, Martin HOENIGL, Martin ČERŇAN, Carolina MIRANDA-CASTILLO, María FERNÁNDEZ-GALÁN, Alexandra SERRIS, Nurettin ERBEN, Rémy DULÉRY, Avinash AUJAYEB, Mario Virgilio PAPA, Jan NOVÁK, Mario DELIA, Giuseppe SAPIENZA, Florian REIZINE, Ali S. OMRANI, Roberta DI BLASI, Sylvain LAMURE, Ľuboš DRGOŇA, Nicola COPPOLA, Josip BATINIĆ, Murtadha AL-KHABORI, José-María RIBERA-SANTA SUSANA, Monica PIEDIMONTE, Jorge LOUREIRO-AMIGO, Guillemette FOUQUET, Rita FAZZI, François DANION, Jörg SCHUBERT, Baerbel HOELL-NEUGEBAUER, Nathan C. BAHR, Ayel Omar YAHIA, Ana TORRES-ATIENZA, Ikhwan RINALDI, Marina POPOVA, Hans-Beier OMMEN, Maria Enza MITRA, Malgorzata MIKULSKA, Ira LACEJ, Sofya KHOSTELIDI, Sein WIN, Donald VINH, Modar SALEH, Juergen PRATTES, Pavel JINDRA, Fabio GUOLO, Roberta DELLA PEPA, Ekaterina CHELYSHEVA, Przemyslaw ZDZIARSKI, Vivien WAI-MAN, Andrés SOTO-SILVA, Hans Martin ORTH, Sandra MALAK, Lisset LORENZO DE LA PEÑA, Martin KOLDITZ, Chi Shan KHO, Christopher H. HEATH, Ana GROH, Eleni GAVRIILAKI, Monica FUNG, Matthias EGGER, Elizabeth DE KORT, Erik DE CABO, Tania CUSHION, Fazle Rabbi CHOWDHURY, M. Mansour CEESAY, Mathias BREHON, Gina VARRICCHIO, Agostino TAFURI, María-Josefa JIMÉNEZ-LORENZO, Nikolai KLIMKO, Panagiotis TSIRIGOTIS, Anastasia ANTONIADOU, and Maria VEHRESCHILD

Subjects
Elderly, SARS-CoV-2, Hematological malignancy, High-risk patient, COVID-19, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Objectives: Elderly patients with hematologic malignancies face the highest risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes. The infection's impact on different age groups remains unstudied in detail. Methods: We analyzed elderly patients (age groups: 65-70, 71-75, 76-80, and >80 years old) with hematologic malignancies included in the EPICOVIDEHA registry between January 2020 and July 2022. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression models were conducted to identify factors influencing death in COVID-19 patients with hematological malignancy. Results: The study included data from 3,603 elderly patients (aged 65 or older) with hematological malignancy, with a majority being male (58.1%) and a significant proportion having comorbidities. The patients were divided into four age groups, and the analysis assessed COVID-19 outcomes, vaccination status, and other variables in relation to age and pandemic waves. The 90-day survival rate for patients with COVID-19 was 71.2%, with significant differences between groups. The pandemic waves had varying impacts, with the first wave affecting patients over 80 years old, the second being more severe in 65-70, and the third being the least severe in all age groups. Factors contributing to 90-day mortality included age, comorbidities, lymphopenia, active malignancy, acute leukemia, less than three vaccine doses, severe COVID-19, and using only corticosteroids as treatment. Conclusion: These data underscore the heterogeneity of elderly hematological patients, highlight the different impacts of COVID-19 waves and the pivotal importance of vaccination, and may help in planning future healthcare efforts.

Published
2023
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44. Screening of the activity of sixty essential oils against plasmodium early mosquito stages in vitro and machine learning analysis reveals new putative inhibitors of malaria parasites

Author

Elena Deligianni, Elisabetta Pizzi, Ioanna Kavelaki, Inga Siden-Kiamos, Filippo Umberto Sapienza, Rossella Fioravanti, Stefania Garzoli, Tomasino Pace, Marta Ponzi, Rino Ragno, and Chiara Currà

Subjects
Malaria, Ookinete, Machine learning, Essential oils, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Malaria, an infectious disease with a tremendous impact on human health is caused by Plasmodium parasites, and transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes. New approaches to control the disease involve transmission blocking strategies aiming to target the parasite in the mosquito. Here, we investigated the putative inhibitory activity of essential oils and their components on the early mosquito stages of the parasite. We employed an in vitro assay of gametocyte-to-ookinete development of the rodent model parasite Plasmodium berghei combined with high content screening. 60 essential oils with known composition were tested. The results revealed that fifteen EOs had inhibitory activity. Furthermore, a machine learning approach was used to identify the putative inhibitory components. Five of the most important chemical components indicated by the machine learning-based models were actually confirmed by the experimental approach. This combined approach was used for the first time to identify the potential transmission blocking activity of essential oils and single components at the zygote and ookinete stages.

Published
2023
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45. Migrants’ mental health recovery in Italian reception facilities

Author

Emanuele Caroppo, Carmela Calabrese, Marianna Mazza, Alessandro Rinaldi, Daniele Coluzzi, Pierangela Napoli, Martina Sapienza, UOC Salute Mentale working group, Maurizio Porfiri, and Pietro De Lellis

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Abstract Background Forced migration leaves deep marks on the psychological well-being of migrants, with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other psychological conditions being prevalent among them. While research has clarified the extent to which pre-migration trauma is a predictor of mental health outcomes, the role of post-migration stressors in the settlement environment are yet to be fully characterized. Methods We monitored mental health of a cohort of 100 asylum-seekers during their 14-day COVID-19-related quarantine in reception facilities in Rome, Italy, through the administration of six questionnaires (a demographic survey, the WHO-5 well-being index, the Primary Care PTSD Screen for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5 (DSM-5), the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire, the Trauma and Loss Spectrum—Self Report, and the LiMEs—Italian version). Through the combination of statistical analysis and supervised learning, we studied the impact of the first contact with the reception system on asylum-seekers’ mental health and sought for possible risk and shielding factors for PTSD. Results We find that sheltering in refugee centers has a positive impact on migrants’ mental health; asylum-seekers with PTSD reported more traumatic events and personality characteristics related to loss and trauma; life events are predictors of PTSD in asylum-seekers. Conclusions We identify past traumatic experiences as predictors of PTSD, and establish the positive role the immediate post-migration environment can play on migrants’ psychological well-being. We recommend for host countries to implement reception models that provide effective protection and integration of asylum-seekers, similar to those in the Italian system.

Published
2023
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46. Universal differential equations for glacier ice flow modelling

Author

J. Bolibar, F. Sapienza, F. Maussion, R. Lguensat, B. Wouters, and F. Pérez

Subjects
Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

Geoscientific models are facing increasing challenges to exploit growing datasets coming from remote sensing. Universal differential equations (UDEs), aided by differentiable programming, provide a new scientific modelling paradigm enabling both complex functional inversions to potentially discover new physical laws and data assimilation from heterogeneous and sparse observations. We demonstrate an application of UDEs as a proof of concept to learn the creep component of ice flow, i.e. a nonlinear diffusivity differential equation, of a glacier evolution model. By combining a mechanistic model based on a two-dimensional shallow-ice approximation partial differential equation with an embedded neural network, i.e. a UDE, we can learn parts of an equation as nonlinear functions that then can be translated into mathematical expressions. We implemented this modelling framework as ODINN.jl, a package in the Julia programming language, providing high performance, source-to-source automatic differentiation (AD) and seamless integration with tools and global datasets from the Open Global Glacier Model in Python. We demonstrate this concept for 17 different glaciers around the world, for which we successfully recover a prescribed artificial law describing ice creep variability by solving ∼ 500 000 ordinary differential equations in parallel. Furthermore, we investigate which are the best tools in the scientific machine learning ecosystem in Julia to differentiate and optimize large nonlinear diffusivity UDEs. This study represents a proof of concept for a new modelling framework aiming at discovering empirical laws for large-scale glacier processes, such as the variability in ice creep and basal sliding for ice flow, and new hybrid surface mass balance models.

Published
2023
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47. A Novel Comprehensive Classification for Non-Prosthetic Peri-Implant Fractures

Author

Ludovico Lucenti, Claudia de Cristo, Luciano Costarella, Alessia Caldaci, Marco Sapienza, Gianluca Testa, and Vito Pavone

Subjects
classification, hardware, implant, nail, non-prosthetic, peri-implant fractures, Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract

Non-prosthetic peri-implant fractures (NPPIFs) are often reported mixed with periprosthetic fractures (PPFs), but they are different entities. Due to the increase in the age of the world’s population and to the intensification of surgeries for fractures, nowadays, peri-implant fractures are a very frequent entity in clinical practice, with an increasing trend expected in the future. A clear exclusive classification of NPPIFs is not reported in the literature. The aim of this study is to provide a valid comprehensive classification for all the NPPIFs. X-rays of all the peri-implant cases treated in our unit in a 3-year period were retrospectively collected. Five orthopedic surgeons reviewed 30 X-rays of NPPIFs, providing a code according to the classification proposed. After a 3-month interval, they reviewed the same X-rays. Eighteen femoral, eight humeral, and four forearm peri-implant fractures were collected and showed to the raters. Inter- and intra-observer reliability was calculated using a k-statistic, showing a moderate agreement between observers (κ = 0.73) and a substantial agreement between the observations of the same viewer (κ = 0.82). The literature lacks a comprehensive classification for peri-implant fractures that considers all the bones and all the types of implants. The proposed classification is meant to be an instrument for orthopedic surgeons to categorize these types of fractures and seems to be simple, easy to comprehend, and reproducible. This new classification can provide the orthopedic surgeon a reliable method to clearly catalogue different fractures according to the site and the implants; the physicians can use it, through a code, in clinical practice to describe an NPPIF without the need of images. Further studies may be necessary to confirm the validity and eventually to improve the suggested classification.

Published
2023
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48. Potential Role of mRNA in Estimating Postmortem Interval: A Systematic Review

Author

Vincenzo Cianci, Cristina Mondello, Daniela Sapienza, Maria Cristina Guerrera, Alessio Cianci, Annalisa Cracò, Fausto Omero, Vittorio Gioffrè, Patrizia Gualniera, Alessio Asmundo, and Antonino Germanà

Subjects
PMI estimation, postmortem interval estimation, RNA degradation, mRNA degradation, forensic pathology, forensic sciences, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

Although the postmortem interval estimation still represents one of the main goals of forensic medicine, there are still several limitations that weigh on the methods most used for its determination: for this reason, even today, precisely estimating the postmortem interval remains one of the most important challenges in the forensic pathology field. To try to overcome these limitations, in recent years, numerous studies have been conducted on the potential use of the mRNA degradation time for reaching a more precise post mortem interval (PMI) estimation. An evidence-based systematic review of the literature has been conducted to evaluate the state of the art of the knowledge focusing on the potential correlation between mRNA degradation and PMI estimation. The research has been performed using the electronic databases PubMed and Scopus. The analysis conducted made it possible to confirm the potential applicability of mRNA for reaching a more precise PMI estimation. The analysis of the results highlighted the usefulness of some mRNAs, such as β-actin and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) mRNA, especially in short time frames, within a few hours or days of death. The matrices on which these analyses were conducted were also analyzed, resulting in less exposure to the external environment, including the heart, brain, and dental pulp. The major limitations were also reported, including the short time intervals analyzed in most of the articles, the lack of mathematical models, and the failure to report the error rate between the mRNA degradation time and PMI. Given the still small number of published articles, the lack of globally recognized standardized methods, and the numerous techniques used to evaluate the mRNA degradation times, numerous and larger studies are still necessary to reach more solid and shared evidence.

Published
2024
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49. Neuroinflammation and kynurenines in schizophrenia: Impact on cognition depending on cognitive functioning and modulatory properties in relation to cognitive remediation and aerobic exercise

Author

Sapienza, Jacopo, Agostoni, Giulia, Comai, Stefano, Nasini, Sofia, Dall'Acqua, Stefano, Sut, Stefania, Spangaro, Marco, Martini, Francesca, Bechi, Margherita, Buonocore, Mariachiara, Bigai, Giorgia, Repaci, Federica, Nocera, Daniela, Ave, Chiara, Guglielmino, Carmelo, Cocchi, Federica, Cavallaro, Roberto, Deste, Giacomo, and Bosia, Marta

Published
2024
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