14 results on '"Mworozi EA"'
Search Results
2. Barriers to effective uptake and provision of immunization in a rural district in Uganda.
- Author
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Malande OO, Munube D, Afaayo RN, Annet K, Bodo B, Bakainaga A, Ayebare E, Njunwamukama S, Mworozi EA, and Musyoki AM
- Subjects
- Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Focus Groups, Humans, Immunization, Immunization Schedule, Infant, Male, Rural Population, Uganda, Vaccination Coverage organization & administration, Immunization Programs organization & administration
- Abstract
Introduction: Hoima, one of the largest districts in mid- western Uganda, has persistently performed poorly with low immunization coverage, high immunization drop outs rates and repeated outbreaks of vaccine preventable diseases especially measles. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the state of immunization services and to identify the gaps in immunization health systems that contribute to low uptake and completion of immunization schedules in Hoima District., Methods: This was a cross sectional mixed methods study, utilizing both qualitative and quantitative approaches. A situation analysis of the immunization services was carried out using in-depth interviews with vaccinators, focus group discussions and key informant interviews with ethno-videography. Secondary data was sourced from records at headquarters and vaccination centres within Hoima District. The quantitative component utilized cluster random sampling with sample size estimated using the World Health Organization's 30 cluster sampling technique., Results: A total of 311 caretaker/child pairs were included in the study. Immunization completion among children of age at least 12 months was 95% for BCG, 96% for OPV0, 93% for DPT1, 84.5% for DPT2, 81% for DPT3 and 65.5% for measles vaccines. Access to immunization centres is difficult due to poor road terrain, which affects effectiveness of outreach program, support supervision, mentorship and timely delivery of immunization program support supplies especially refrigerator gas and vaccines. Some facilities are under-equipped to effectively support the program. Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI) identification, reporting and management is poorly understood., Conclusion: Immunization services in Hoima District require urgent improvement in the following areas: vaccine supply, expanding service delivery points, more health workers, transport and tailored mechanisms to ensure adequate communication between health workers and caretakers., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
- Published
- 2019
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3. Supporting and retaining Village Health Teams: an assessment of a community health worker program in two Ugandan districts.
- Author
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Mays DC, O'Neil EJ Jr, Mworozi EA, Lough BJ, Tabb ZJ, Whitlock AE, Mutimba EM, and Talib ZM
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- Adolescent, Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Program Evaluation, Surveys and Questionnaires, Uganda, Volunteers statistics & numerical data, Young Adult, Community Health Services organization & administration, Community Health Workers organization & administration, Personnel Loyalty, Social Support, Volunteers psychology
- Abstract
Background: Uganda's national community health worker program involves volunteer Village Health Teams (VHTs) delivering basic health services and education. Evidence demonstrates their positive impact on health outcomes, particularly for Ugandans who would otherwise lack access to health services. Despite their impact, VHTs are not optimally supported and attrition is a growing problem. In this study, we examined the support needs and existing challenges of VHTs in two Ugandan districts and evaluated specific factors associated with long-term retention. We report on findings from a standardized survey of VHTs and exploratory interviews with key stakeholders and draw conclusions that inform efforts to strengthen and sustain community health care delivery in Uganda., Methods: A mixed-methods approach was employed through a survey of 134 individual VHT members and semi-structured interviews with six key stakeholders. Descriptive and bivariate regression analysis of quantitative survey data was performed along with thematic analysis of qualitative data from surveys and interviews. In the regression analysis, the dependent variable is 10-year anticipated longevity among VHTs, which asked respondents if they anticipate continuing to volunteer as VHTs for at least 10 more years if their current situation remains unchanged., Results: VHTs desire additional support primarily in the forms of money (e.g. transportation allowance) and material supplies (e.g. rubber boots). VHTs commonly report difficult working conditions and describe a lack of respect from their communities and other health workers. If their current situation remains unchanged, 57% of VHTs anticipate remaining in their posts for at least 10 years. Anticipated 10-year longevity was positively associated with stronger partnerships with local health center staff and greater ease in home visiting., Conclusions: Supporting and retaining Uganda's VHTs would be enhanced by building stronger partnerships between VHTs and other health workers and regularly providing supplies and transportation allowances. Pursuing such measures would likely improve equity in access to healthcare for all Ugandans.
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- 2017
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4. Whole-genome analysis of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses isolated in Uganda from 2009 to 2011.
- Author
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Byarugaba DK, Erima B, Millard M, Kibuuka H, Lkwago L, Bwogi J, Mimbe D, Kiconco JB, Tugume T, Mworozi EA, Turner J, Mckenzie PP, Webby RR, Webster RG, Foret C, Ducatez MF, Coldren R, Wabwire-Mangen F, and Krauss S
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- Amino Acid Substitution, Antigens, Viral, Evolution, Molecular, Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus chemistry, Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus genetics, Humans, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype isolation & purification, Influenza, Human epidemiology, Neuraminidase chemistry, Neuraminidase genetics, Phylogeny, RNA, Viral genetics, Seasons, Sequence Analysis, RNA, Uganda epidemiology, Genome, Viral, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype genetics, Influenza, Human virology
- Abstract
We report a whole-genome analysis of 19 influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 isolates from four Ugandan hospitals between 2009 and 2011. The isolates differed from the vaccine strain A/California/07/2009 by three amino acid substitutions P100S, S220T, and I338V in the hemagglutinin and by two amino acid substitutions V106I and N248D in the neuraminidase proteins with consistent mutations in all gene segments distinguishing isolates from the 2009/2010 to 2010/2011 seasons. Phylogenetic analysis showed low genetic evolution, with genetic distances of 0%-1.3% and 0.1%-1.6% for HA and NA genes, respectively. The amino acid substitutions did not lead to antigenic differences from the reference strains., (© 2016 The Authors. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
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- 2016
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5. Epidemiology and Surveillance of Influenza Viruses in Uganda between 2008 and 2014.
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Wabwire-Mangen F, Mimbe DE, Erima B, Mworozi EA, Millard M, Kibuuka H, Lukwago L, Bwogi J, Kiconco J, Tugume T, Mulei S, Ikomera C, Tsui S, Malinzi S, Kasasa S, Coldren R, and Byarugaba DK
- Subjects
- Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Humidity, Infant, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype genetics, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype isolation & purification, Influenza B virus genetics, Influenza B virus isolation & purification, Influenza, Human virology, Male, Nasopharynx virology, Oropharynx virology, Prevalence, RNA, Viral metabolism, Rain, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Seasons, Temperature, Uganda epidemiology, Influenza, Human epidemiology
- Abstract
Introduction: Influenza surveillance was conducted in Uganda from October 2008 to December 2014 to identify and understand the epidemiology of circulating influenza strains in out-patient clinic attendees with influenza-like illness and inform control strategies., Methodology: Surveillance was conducted at five hospital-based sentinel sites. Nasopharyngeal and/or oropharyngeal samples, epidemiological and clinical data were collected from enrolled patients. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to identify and subtype influenza strains. Data were double-entered into an Epi Info 3.5.3 database and exported to STATA 13.0 software for analysis., Results: Of the 6,628 patient samples tested, influenza virus infection was detected in 10.4% (n = 687/6,628) of the specimens. Several trends were observed: influenza circulates throughout the year with two peaks; the major one from September to November and a minor one from March to June. The predominant strains of influenza varied over the years: Seasonal Influenza A(H3) virus was predominant from 2008 to 2009 and from 2012 to 2014; Influenza A(H1N1)pdm01 was dominant in 2010; and Influenza B virus was dominant in 2011. The peaks generally coincided with times of higher humidity, lower temperature, and higher rainfall., Conclusion: Influenza circulated throughout the year in Uganda with two major peaks of outbreaks with similar strains circulating elsewhere in the region. Data on the circulating strains of influenza and its patterns of occurrence provided critical insights to informing the design and timing of influenza vaccines for influenza prevention in tropical regions of sub-Saharan Africa., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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- 2016
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6. Alpha thalassemia among sickle cell anaemia patients in Kampala, Uganda.
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Lubega I, Ndugwa CM, Mworozi EA, and Tumwine JK
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- Aged, Anemia, Sickle Cell diagnosis, Anemia, Sickle Cell genetics, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Gene Frequency, Humans, Male, Prevalence, Surveys and Questionnaires, Uganda epidemiology, alpha-Thalassemia diagnosis, alpha-Thalassemia genetics, Anemia, Sickle Cell epidemiology, alpha-Thalassemia epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Sickle cell anaemia is prevalent in sub Saharan Africa. While α+-thalassaemia is known to modulate sickle cell anaemia, its magnitude and significance in Uganda have hitherto not been described., Objectives: To determine the prevalence of α+thalassaemia among sickle cell anaemia patients in Mulago Hospital and to describe the clinical and laboratory findings in these patients., Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out on patients with sickle cell anaemia in Kampala. Dried blood spots were used to analyze for the deletional α+ thalassaemia using multiplex polymerase chain reaction., Results: Of the 142 patients with sickle cell anaemia, 110 (77.5%) had the αα+thalassaemia deletion. The gene frequency of (-α) was 0.425. Ninety one percent (100/110) of those with α+thalassaemia were heterozygous (αα/α-). Amongst the patients older than 60 months, 15 (83.3%) of those without αα+thalassaemia had significant hepatomegaly of greater than 4 cm compared to 36 (45.6%) of those with α+thalassaemia (p=0.003)., Conclusion: The gene frequency of (-α) of 0.425 noted in this study is higher than that reported from many places in Africa. Concurrent alpha thalassemia might be a protective trait against significant hepatomegaly in sickle cell anaemia patients more than 60 months of age at Mulago hospital.
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- 2015
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7. Thyroid autoimmunity and function among Ugandan children and adolescents with type-1 diabetes mellitus.
- Author
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Muhame RM, Mworozi EA, McAssey K, and Lubega I
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- Adolescent, Autoimmune Diseases diagnosis, Autoimmune Diseases epidemiology, Child, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Infant, Iodide Peroxidase immunology, Male, Mass Screening methods, Prevalence, Thyroid Diseases diagnosis, Thyroid Diseases epidemiology, Thyrotropin immunology, Thyroxine immunology, Uganda epidemiology, Young Adult, Antibodies blood, Autoimmune Diseases immunology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 complications, Thyroid Diseases immunology
- Abstract
Introduction: Up to 30% of type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients have co-existent thyroid autoimmunity with up to 50% of them having associated thyroid dysfunction. Routine screening for thyroid autoimmunity and dysfunction is recommended in all T1DM patients. However, this was not currently practiced in Ugandan paediatric diabetes clinics. There was also paucity of data regarding thyroid autoimmunity and dysfunction in African children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus. The objective of this study was to quantify the magnitude of thyroid autoimmunity and dysfunction in Ugandan children with TIDM., Methods: This was a cross sectional descriptive study to determine the prevalence of thyroid autoantibodies and describe thyroid function among children and adolescents aged 1-19 years with diabetes mellitus attending the paediatric diabetes clinic at Mulago National Referral Hospital, Kampala, Uganda. Following enrollment, we obtained details of clinical history and performed physical examination. Blood (plasma) was assayed to determine levels of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase (antiTPO), free thyroxine (FT4) and thyrotropin (TSH)., Results: The prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity was 7.3% (5/69). All antiTPO positive subjects were post pubertal, aged between 13-17 years with females comprising 3/5 of the antiTPO positive subjects. All study subjects were clinically euthyroid; however, 7.3% (5/69) of the study subjects had subclinical hypothyroidism., Conclusion: These data strengthen the argument for routine screening of all diabetic children and adolescents for thyroid autoimmunity (particularly anti-TPO) as recommended by international guidelines. We also recommend evaluation of thyroid function in diabetic children and adolescents to minimize the risk of undiagnosed thyroid dysfunction.
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- 2014
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8. Age at menarche in relation to nutritional status and critical life events among rural and urban secondary school girls in post-conflict northern Uganda.
- Author
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Odongkara Mpora B, Piloya T, Awor S, Ngwiri T, Laigong P, Mworozi EA, and Hochberg Z
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- Adolescent, Age Factors, Body Mass Index, Body Size, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Family Characteristics, Female, Hip, Humans, Obesity, Overweight, Socioeconomic Factors, Thinness, Uganda, Waist Circumference, Life Change Events, Menarche, Nutritional Status, Rural Population statistics & numerical data, Urban Population statistics & numerical data, Warfare
- Abstract
Background: Menarche age is an important indicator of reproductive health of a woman or a community. In industrial societies, age at menarche has been declining over the last 150 years with a secular trend, and similar trends have been reported in some developing countries. Menarche age is affected by genetic and environmental cues, including nutrition. The study was designed to determine the age at menarche and its relation to childhood critical life events and nutritional status in post-conflict northern Uganda., Methods: This was a comparative cross-sectional study of rural and urban secondary school girls in northern Uganda. Structured questionnaires were administered to 274 secondary school girls, aged 12 - 18 years to determine the age at menarche in relation to home location, nutritional status, body composition and critical life events., Results: The mean age at menarche was 13.6 ± 1.3 for rural and 13.3 ± 1.4 years for urban dwelling girls (t = -1.996, p = 0.047). Among the body composition measures, hip circumference was negatively correlated with the age at menarche (r = -0.109, p = 0.036), whereas height, BMI and waist circumference did not correlate with menarche. Paternal (but not maternal) education was associated with earlier menarche (F = 2.959, p = 0.033). Childhood critical life events were not associated with age at menarche., Conclusions: Age at menarche differed among urban and rural dwelling school girls and dependent on current nutritional status, as manifested by the hip circumference. It was not associated with extreme stressful childhood critical life events.
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- 2014
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9. Genetic analysis of influenza B viruses isolated in Uganda during the 2009-2010 seasons.
- Author
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Byarugaba DK, Erima B, Millard M, Kibuuka H, L L, Bwogi J, Mimbe D, Mworozi EA, Sharp B, Krauss S, Webby RJ, Webster RG, Martin SK, Wabwire-Mangen F, and Ducatez MF
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- Adolescent, Cell Line, Child, Child, Preschool, Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus genetics, Humans, Infant, Influenza B virus isolation & purification, Influenza, Human virology, Kidney virology, Molecular Epidemiology, Molecular Sequence Data, Neuraminidase genetics, Phylogeny, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Seasons, Uganda epidemiology, Young Adult, Influenza B virus classification, Influenza B virus genetics, Influenza, Human epidemiology, Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Abstract
Background: Influenza B viruses can cause morbidity and mortality in humans but due to the lack of an animal reservoir are not associated with pandemics. Because of this, there is relatively limited genetic sequences available for influenza B viruses, especially from developing countries. Complete genome analysis of one influenza B virus and several gene segments of other influenza B viruses isolated from Uganda from May 2009 through December 2010 was therefore undertaken in this study., Methods: Samples were collected from patients showing influenza like illness and screened for influenza A and B by PCR. Influenza B viruses were isolated on Madin-Darby Canine Kidney cells and selected isolates were subsequently sequenced and analyzed phylogenetically., Findings: Of the 2,089 samples collected during the period, 292 were positive by PCR for influenza A or B; 12.3% of the PCR positives were influenza B. Thirty influenza B viruses were recovered and of these 25 that grew well consistently on subculture were subjected to further analysis. All the isolates belonged to the B/Victoria-lineage as identified by hemagglutination inhibition assay and genetic analysis except one isolate that grouped with the B-Yamagata-lineage. The Ugandan B/Victoria-lineage isolates grouped in clade 1 which was defined by the N75K, N165K and S172P substitutions in hemagglutinin (HA) protein clustered together with the B/Brisbane/60/2008 vaccine strain. The Yamagata-like Ugandan strain, B/Uganda/MUWRP-053/2009, clustered with clade 3 Yamagata viruses such as B/Bangladesh/3333/2007 which is characterized by S150I and N166Y substitutions in HA., Conclusion: In general there was limited variation among the Ugandan isolates but they were interestingly closer to viruses from West and North Africa than from neighboring Kenya. Our isolates closely matched the World Health Organization recommended vaccines for the seasons.
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- 2013
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10. Molecular epidemiology of influenza A/H3N2 viruses circulating in Uganda.
- Author
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Byarugaba DK, Ducatez MF, Erima B, Mworozi EA, Millard M, Kibuuka H, Lukwago L, Bwogi J, Kaira BB, Mimbe D, Schnabel DC, Krauss S, Darnell D, Webby RJ, Webster RG, and Wabwire-Mangen F
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- Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, Genes, Viral genetics, Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus genetics, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype isolation & purification, Molecular Epidemiology, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Uganda epidemiology, Young Adult, Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype genetics, Influenza, Human epidemiology, Influenza, Human virology
- Abstract
The increasing availability of complete influenza virus genomes is deepening our understanding of influenza evolutionary dynamics and facilitating the selection of vaccine strains. However, only one complete African influenza virus sequence is available in the public domain. Here we present a complete genome analysis of 59 influenza A/H3N2 viruses isolated from humans in Uganda during the 2008 and 2009 season. Isolates were recovered from hospital-based sentinel surveillance for influenza-like illnesses and their whole genome sequenced. The viruses circulating during these two seasons clearly differed from each other phylogenetically. They showed a slow evolution away from the 2009/10 recommended vaccine strain (A/Brisbane/10/07), instead clustering with the 2010/11 recommended vaccine strain (A/Perth/16/09) in the A/Victoria/208/09 clade, as observed in other global regions. All of the isolates carried the adamantane resistance marker S31N in the M2 gene and carried several markers of enhanced transmission; as expected, none carried any marker of neuraminidase inhibitor resistance. The hemagglutinin gene of the 2009 isolates differed from that of the 2008 isolates in antigenic sites A, B, D, and to a lesser extent, C and E indicating evidence of an early phylogenetic shift from the 2008 to 2009 viruses. The internal genes of the 2009 isolates were similar to those of one 2008 isolate, A/Uganda/MUWRP-050/2008. Another 2008 isolate had a truncated PB1-F2 protein. Whole genome sequencing can enhance surveillance of future seasonal changes in the viral genome which is crucial to ensure that selected vaccine strains are protective against the strains circulating in Eastern Africa. This data provides an important baseline for this surveillance. Overall the influenza virus activity in Uganda appears to mirror that observed in other regions of the southern hemisphere.
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- 2011
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11. Prevalence and factors associated with rotavirus infection among children admitted with acute diarrhea in Uganda.
- Author
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Nakawesi JS, Wobudeya E, Ndeezi G, Mworozi EA, and Tumwine JK
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- Acute Disease, Child, Preschool, Diarrhea epidemiology, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Infant, Male, Prevalence, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Rotavirus Infections virology, Uganda epidemiology, Diarrhea virology, Hospitalization statistics & numerical data, Intensive Care Units, Pediatric statistics & numerical data, Rotavirus Infections epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Rotavirus remains the commonest cause of severe dehydrating diarrhea among children worldwide. Children in developing countries die more because of several factors including poorer access to hydration therapy and greater prevalence of malnutrition. Hitherto, the magnitude of rotavirus disease in Uganda has remained unknown. This study was therefore done to determine the prevalence and factors associated with rotavirus infection among children aged 3-59 months admitted with acute diarrhea to paediatric emergency ward of Mulago Hospital, Uganda, Methods: Three hundred and ninety children, aged between 3-59 months with acute diarrhoea were recruited. The clinical history, socio-demographic characteristics, physical examination findings and laboratory investigations were recorded. Stool samples were tested for rotavirus antigens using the DAKO IDEIA rotavirus EIA detection kit., Results: The prevalence of rotavirus infection was 45.4%. On multivariate analysis rotavirus was significantly associated with a higher education (above secondary) level of the mother [OR 1.8; 95% CI 1.1-2.7]; dehydration [OR 1.8; 95% CI 1.1-3.0] and breastfeeding [OR 2.6; 95% CI 1.4-4.0]. Although age was significantly associated with rotavirus on bivariate analysis; this association disappeared on multivariate analysis. No significant association was found between rotavirus infection and nutritional status, HIV status and attendance of day care or school., Conclusions: Rotavirus infection is highly prevalent among children with acute diarrhoea admitted to Mulago Hospital in Uganda.
- Published
- 2010
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12. The clinical pattern, prevalence, and factors associated with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in Ugandan children.
- Author
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Orikiiriza J, Bakeera-Kitaka S, Musiime V, Mworozi EA, Mugyenyi P, and Boulware DR
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- AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections epidemiology, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections virology, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Child, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, HIV Infections drug therapy, HIV Infections epidemiology, Humans, Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome epidemiology, Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome virology, Incidence, Male, Medication Adherence statistics & numerical data, Proportional Hazards Models, Prospective Studies, Uganda epidemiology, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections immunology, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active adverse effects, HIV Infections immunology, Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome immunology
- Abstract
Objective: To determine clinical pattern, prevalence, and factors associated with pediatric immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in Uganda., Design: A prospective, multicenter cross-sectional study., Methods: We enrolled HIV-infected children receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) between 0.5 and 6 months duration from December 2006 to October 2007 at three pediatric clinics in Uganda. Children were evaluated for IRIS at a one-time study visit by a standardized pediatric case definition., Results: The IRIS prevalence was 38% [95% confidence interval (CI) 31-46] among 162 children (57% female) with a median age of 6 years (interquartile range 2.5-11 years). Of the IRIS events, 77% were unmasking of a new opportunistic infection and 23% were probable paradoxical IRIS events toward prior opportunistic infections. The majority of IRIS events (55%) occurred in the first month of ART. The clinical events were diverse, with tuberculosis-IRIS (29%) being the most frequent presentation. Independent risk factors for IRIS were pre-ART CD4(+) cell percentage below 15% (odds ratio = 3.1, 95% CI 1.2-8.4, P = 0.027), current CD8(+) cell absolute count below 1000 cells/microl (odds ratio = 4.3, 95% CI 1.8-10.4, P = 0.001), male sex (odds ratio = 2.6, 95% CI 1.06-8.4, P = 0.01), and a cough of more than 1 week duration at the current clinic visit (odds ratio = 4.3, 95% CI 1.7-10.7, P = 0.002). A more than 25 CD4(+) T-cells increase at current study visit from the pre-ART baseline was associated with IRIS by univariate (P = 0.005) but not multivariate analysis., Conclusion: IRIS events commonly occur early after ART initiation in children with advanced immunosuppression, as commonly seen in resource-limited areas. Both healthcare providers and caregivers of the children need awareness of IRIS to minimize ART nonadherence.
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- 2010
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13. Missed opportunities and caretaker constraints to childhood vaccination in a rural area in Uganda.
- Author
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Tugumisirize F, Tumwine JK, and Mworozi EA
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- Adult, Birth Order, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Educational Status, Fear, Female, Health Care Surveys, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Health Services Accessibility standards, Health Services Accessibility statistics & numerical data, Humans, Infant, Male, Motivation, Needs Assessment, Prevalence, Socioeconomic Factors, Uganda, Workload, Child Health Services statistics & numerical data, Parents education, Parents psychology, Patient Acceptance of Health Care statistics & numerical data, Rural Health Services statistics & numerical data, Vaccination statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Background: Despite concerted support to vaccination programmes, coverage remains low. While health service reasons for this are known, there is little information on caretaker constraints to vaccination in Africa., Objective: To establish the prevalence of missed vaccination opportunities and caretaker constraints to childhood vaccinations., Design: Cross-sectional descriptive study., Subjects: Caretakers of 408 children aged 12-23 months were interviewed., Setting: Kiyeyi, a rural area in Eastern Uganda., Results: Complete vaccination coverage by card was 26.7% while by history and card it was 44.6%. Of the 215 eligible children who sought treatment in a health facility where vaccination could be offered, 59.6% missed an opportunity to be vaccinated while 24.4% of the children missed an opportunity during routine vaccination sessions. Reasons for non-completion of vaccination included caretaker 'not bothered', being busy, or ill and fear of rude health workers. While most caretakers were aware of vaccination and its benefits, none knew the immunisation schedule. The major caretaker constraints were low level of formal education, fear of vaccine side effects, and perceived contraindications to vaccinations., Conclusion: Promotion of formal education for girls and educating mothers and health workers on the timing of vaccinations, their side effects and management might contribute to higher vaccination coverage.
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- 2002
- Full Text
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14. AIDS and civil war: a devil's alliance. Dislocation caused by civil strife in Africa provides fertile ground for the spread of HIV.
- Author
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Mworozi EA
- Subjects
- Africa, Crime, Demography, Developing Countries, Disease, Economics, Emigration and Immigration, Family Characteristics, Infections, Politics, Population, Population Dynamics, Social Problems, Transients and Migrants, Virus Diseases, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Family Relations, HIV Infections, Human Rights, Rape, Refugees, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Socioeconomic Factors, Warfare
- Published
- 1993
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