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Resumen: Introducción: La infección por SARS-CoV2 ha impactado de forma importante en los pacientes con trasplante renal causando una elevada mortalidad en los primeros meses de la pandemia. La reducción intencionada de la inmunosupresión se ha postulado como uno de los pilares en el manejo de la infección ante la falta de un tratamiento antiviral dirigido. Esta se ha modificado de acuerdo con la situación clínica de los pacientes, y su efecto sobre la función renal o los anticuerpos anti-HLA a medio plazo no ha sido evaluado. Objetivos: Evaluar los cambios de inmunosupresión realizados durante la infección por SARS-CoV2, así como la función renal y los anticuerpos anti-HLA de los pacientes trasplantados de riñón a los 6 meses del diagnóstico de COVID19. Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, multicéntrico nacional (30 centros) de pacientes trasplantados de riñón con COVID19 desde el 01/02/20 al 31/12/20. Se recogieron las variables de la historia clínica y se incluyeron en una base de datos anonimizada. Se utilizó el programa estadístico SPSS para el análisis de resultados. Resultados: Se incluyeron 615 trasplantados renales con COVID19 (62,6% varones), con una edad media de 57,5 años.El tratamiento inmunosupresor predominante antes del COVID19 era la triple terapia con prednisona, tacrolimus y ácido micofenólico (54,6%) seguido de los regímenes con inhibidores m-TOR (18,6%). Tras el diagnóstico de la infección se suspendió el ácido micofenólico en el 73,8% de los pacientes, el inhibidor m-TOR en el 41,4%, tacrolimus en el 10,5% y ciclosporina A en el 10%. A su vez, el 26,9% recibieron dexametasona y al 50,9% se les inició o aumentó la dosis de prednisona basal.La creatinina media antes del diagnóstico de COVID19, en el momento del diagnóstico y a los 6 meses fue de 1,7 ± 0,8; 2,1 ± 1,2 y 1,8 ± 1 mg/dl, respectivamente (p

Introduction: SARS CoV2 infection has had a major impact on renal transplant patients with a high mortality in the first months of the pandemic. Intentional reduction of immunosuppressive therapy has been postulated as one of the cornerstone in the management of the infection in the absence of targeted antiviral treatment. This has been modified according to the patient`s clinical situation and its effect on renal function or anti-HLA antibodies in the medium term has not been evaluated. Objectives: Evaluate the management of immunosuppressive therapy made during SARS-CoV2 infection, as well as renal function and anti-HLA antibodies in kidney transplant patients 6 months after COVID19 diagnosis. Material and methods: Retrospective, national multicentre, retrospective study (30 centres) of kidney transplant recipients with COVID19 from 01/02/20 to 31/12/20. Clinical variables were collected from medical records and included in an anonymised database. SPSS statistical software was used for data analysis. Results: renal transplant recipients with COVID19 were included (62.6% male), with a mean age of 57.5 years.The predominant immunosuppressive treatment prior to COVID19 was triple therapy with prednisone, tacrolimus and mycophenolic acid (54.6%) followed by m-TOR inhibitor regimens (18.6%). After diagnosis of infection, mycophenolic acid was discontinued in 73.8% of patients, m-TOR inhibitor in 41.4%, tacrolimus in 10.5% and cyclosporin A in 10%. In turn, 26.9% received dexamethasone and 50.9% were started on or had their baseline prednisone dose increased.Mean creatinine before diagnosis of COVID19, at diagnosis and at 6 months was: 1.7 ± 0.8, 2.1 ± 1.2 and 1.8 ± 1 mg/dl respectively (p

El objetivo de este trabajo es describir, desde la neuropsicología, el proceso de Toma de Decisiones (TD) en sujetos que padecen la Enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA). Para ello, se estableció una comparación del desempeño en TD de 40 sujetos con diagnóstico de enfermedad de Alzheimer con el desempeño de un grupo control de 40 sujetos sin diagnóstico de enfermedad neurológica y /o psiquiátrica, pareados por NSEC. El desempeño en la TD se evaluó con la tarea de Game Dice Task (GDT) –Tarea del Juego de los Dados de Brand–. También se aplicaron otras pruebas y tareas de evaluación cognitiva para determinar la relación de la TD con otras Funciones Ejecutivas (FE). Los resultados permitieron establecer que el proceso de TD se deteriora desde los comienzos de la enfermedad, evidenciando que el desempeño de los sujetos con EA es significativamente inferior al de los sujetos sanos, con un porcentaje mayor de respuestas de riesgo y aumentos significativos de los tiempos de respuesta. También se observó deterioro en todas las funciones ejecutivas evaluadas. El trabajo provee evidencia empírica que soporta la idea de que la TD se encuentra estrechamente relacionada a las demás FE.

El análisis de las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Intolerancia a la Incertidumbre (EII) en población de Buenos Aires. La EII evalúa la intolerancia a la incertidumbre (II) que es uno de los componentes principales del trastorno de ansiedad generalizada (TAG) según el modelo teórico de Dugas. La intolerancia a la incertidumbre se define como una disposición ca racterística que re sulta de un conjunto de pensamientos negativos sobre la incertidumbre. La Escala de Intolerancia a la Incertidumbre (EII) está compuesta por 27 ítemes que se responden con un formato tipo Likert de cinco opciones de respuesta. Se analizaron los datos obtenidos de una muestra de 320 participantes, residentes de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires y el Gran Buenos Aires (República Argentina). Se obtuvieron correlaciones significativas con medidas criterio de preocupación (r = .44; p = .000) y ansiedad como estado (r = .36; p = .000) y como rasgo (r = .58; p = .000). Se estudió la estructura de la escala con el análisis de componentes principales y se obtuvieron dos factores que explican el 41.07% de la variancia total. Con respecto a la fiabilidad, los resultados indican una excelente consistencia interna de los ítemes igual a .93 y una estabilidad test-retest luego de cinco semanas, igual a .47. No se registraron diferencias significativas en las puntuaciones de la escala según la edad y el sexo. En su conjunto, los resultados obtenidos en la investigación realizada son concordantes con los hallazgos de investigaciones anteriores. Dado que la II constituye un factor de vulnerabilidad para el TAG, es de utilidad contar con un cuestionario adaptado a la población local.

There is a positive relation between human rights and the media. The social function carried out by the media takes place in direct contact with the needs and demands of the citizens. The press plays a mediator role between citizenship and the fulfillment of human rights being the first one the right to be informed. Let us look at the journalistic task as a service to the common good: the means to form public opinion and social conscience, to spread and make known facts and to facilitate the exercise or the demand of rights as well as the «coercive capacity» of the media to publicize abuses. The informative task has its risks and malfunctions as we will see in the following pages.

This article reports the study of the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Therapeutic Presence Inventory (TPI). The internal consistency and temporal stability of the scores are examined in a sample of mental health professionals in Argentina. Method: A non-probabilistic and voluntary sampling of 252 psychologists and psychiatrists was used. A non-experimental, cross-sectional, instrumental-type study was designed. Results: the results indicate an adequate internal consistency of the items equal to .78 and a test-retest stability, equal to .67. The factorial analysis carried out indicates the existence of three factors. Conclusion: The scale has adequate properties for use in the Argentine population

El propósito del presente artículo es informar las propiedades psicométricas y los datos normativos de la Escala de Autocuidado en población argentina. Dicha escala mide el autocuidado desde una conceptualización amplia e integral que incluye los aspectos materiales externos del autocuidado, el autocuidado intrapsíquico y los aspectos relacionales de cómo los humanos se cuidan a sí mismos. La escala está compuesta por 31 ítems que se responden con un formato tipo Likert de siete opciones de respuesta. Se diseñó un estudio no experimental, transversal, de tipo instrumental. Se estableció una muestra no probabilística conformada por 768 participantes de la República Argentina. Al realizar los estudios de validez de constructo se efectuó el Análisis Factorial Exploratorio observándose la agrupación de los ítems en seis factores. Con el Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio se observó que el modelo de seis factores presentó un buen ajuste. Los resultados muestran una adecuada consistencia interna del test y una adecuada estabilidad test-retest luego de cinco semanas. En su conjunto, los resultados obtenidos en la investigación realizada son concordantes con los hallazgos del estudio original lo que indica que las propiedades psicométricas de la escala son confiables y válidos para ser utilizados en población general argentina.

Binocular summation of luminance contrast signals in the spatial domain has been investigated in many studies, but less attention has been paid to the analogous interactions in the temporal domain. The present study determined the impact of monocular sensitivity on the binocular detection of luminance-modulated flickering stimuli. Binocular summation ratios (BSRs) were determined in 13 visually-normal adults for a range of monocular flicker modulation thresholds (FMTs), generated by changing stimulus size (7’– 60’) and luminance (mesopic and photopic). Monocular and binocular FMTs were measured at the point of regard and in each of the four quadrants at 5° eccentricity for each target size and luminance using the Flicker-Plus test. Monocular and binocular FMT’s increased with decreasing target size for all retinal locations (p0.12). The results demonstrate that the visual system successfully summates inputs from the two eyes to enhance flicker detection, independent of their absolute monocular detection thresholds. These findings may serve as a predictive baseline for further experiments designed to determine how other stimulus properties and interocular differences in monocular thresholds may affect the binocular perception of flicker.

Introduction: The purpose of this research was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) in a sample of mental health professionals in Argentina. Method: The sample used was non-probabilistic and voluntary of 252 psychologists and psychiatrists residing in CABA, Argentina. A non-experimental, cross-sectional, classical instrumental study was designed. Results: The confirmatory factor analysis performed allowed verification of the six-factor structure. In turn, the results reported negative and significant correlations between the dimensions theoretically considered as opposites. The internal consistency is adequate in all the subdimensions and in the total scale. Conclusion: The scale has adequate properties for its use in the population of CABA, Argentina.

La Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) es una escala que evalúa, de forma global, la capacidad en la disposición de una persona de estar atento y consciente de la experiencia del momento presente en la vida cotidiana. El objetivo del presente trabajo es estudiar las propiedades psicométricas de la MAAS en estudiantes universitarios argentinos. Se diseñó un estudio no experimental, transversal, de tipo instrumental. La base epistemológica utilizada fue la psicometría clásica. La muestra no probabilística estuvo constituida por 895 adultos argentinos de población universitaria. La edad promedio fue de 26.32 (DE = 6.946, Mín = 18, Máx = 48). El 54 % (n = 483) eran mujeres y el 45.6 % (n = 408) eran varones. Los análisis psicométricos informaron que la escala posee una estructura unidimensional con validez y fiabilidad adecuada (α = .89). La escala cuenta con adecuada evidencia de validez de constructo y con excelentes puntuaciones de consistencia interna, lo que determina que es un instrumento válido y confiable para evaluar atención de conciencia plena en población de estudiantes universitarios argentinos.

BackgroundThis study analyzed the difference in psychological distress of the healthcare workers in three different periods of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Argentina. Specifically, from the third week of the mandatory quarantine through the two following weeks.MethodsAnalysis of the responses of 1,458 members of the health personnel was done on a questionnaire on healthcare workers concerns regarding the care of patients with coronavirus, indicators of depression, anxiety, intolerance of uncertainty, and coping.ResultsThe psychological indicators that were considered presented differences between the evaluated periods. Perceived concerns about the possibility of infecting loved ones and infecting themselves were greatest in the periods after the onset of the pandemic. In addition, the perception of how the work environment worsened and how lack of sleep interfered with their work was also higher in periods 2 and 3. The same results were found in the indicators of depression, anxiety, and intolerance of uncertainty. Finally, the indicators of high tension and concurrent lack of emotional control, which was greater in the last periods evaluated, were also expressed in the coping strategies (showing emotional lability, only contained by hypercontrol).ConclusionThe differences found in the psychological indicators between the evaluated periods support the need for early psychological care of health personnel which should be a priority of public health and a fundamental fact to increase its immediate effectiveness in the care of infected patients.

The purpose of this paper is to report as regards the linguistic and cultural adaptation and psycho - metric properties of the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS, for its acronyms in English) in the adult population of Buenos Aires (Republica Argentina). The IUS assesses the intolerance of uncertainty (IU), which is one of the principal components of the generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) according to the theoretical model of Dugas. IU has been defined as a dispositional characteristic that results from a set of negative beliefs about uncertainty and it has been proposed as a cognitive vulnerability factor for worry and GAD. Furthermore it may be defined more specifically as the excessive tendency of an individual to consider it unacceptable that a negative event may occur, however small the probability of its occurrence. In general, in toler - ance of uncertainty may be conceptualized as the way an individual perceives information in un - certain situations and responds to said information with a set of emotional, cognitive and behavioral responses. The IUS is composed of 27 items related to the idea that uncertainty is unacceptable, leads to frustration and the inability to take action and it reflected badly on a person. Participants rate items on a five-point Likert scale ranging from 1: not at all characteristic of me to 5: entirely characteristic of me. Higher scores on the IUS indicate greater intolerance of uncertainty. The original French version of the IUS was developed in 1994 to assess emotional, cognitive, and behavioral reactions to ambiguous situations, im - plications of being uncertain, and attempts to control the future. In 2002, the IUS was translated from French to English. Similar to the original French measure, the English translation had shown excellent internal consistency and temporal stabil - ity. It has demonstrated convergent, criterial, and discriminant validity. On this study, the IUS translated into Spanish by three independent translators. The content validity was assessed through the use of three independent judges who had broad knowledge of anxiety disorder. The preliminary version was tested with a sample of 90 participants. The research was a descriptive and correlational study, with a transversal design The participants completed the following question - naires: the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Data obtained from a sample of 320 participants (168 females and 152 males) of the Ciudad and Provincia de Buenos Aires has been analyzed. Data analysis was conducted using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) - Version 22 software. In relation to the evidence of validity, significant correlations were obtained with worry (r = .44; p = .000) and anxiety as a state (r = .36; p = .000) and trait (r = .58; p = .000). The explor - atory data analysis regarding the factor structure of the scale and dimensions of the construct indicated two factors that explain 41.07% of the total variance. On the one hand, concerning the consistency of this scale, the results show an excellent internal consistency (.93) and a fairly strong test-retest reliability over a five-week period of .47. On the other hand, significant differ - ences were not registered in the punctuations of the scale according to age and sex, and these findings are consistent with previous research. As a whole, the results obtained from the present investigation are consistent with the findings of previous investigations. Given that the IU consti - tutes a factor of vulnerability for the TAG, it is useful to rely on a questionnaire adapted to the local population. To conclude, the present study has demonstrated the sound psychometric proper - ties of the Spanish version of the IUS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]