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The rapid adoption of next-generation sequencing in clinical oncology has enabled detection of molecular biomarkers which are shared between multiple tumour types. Intra-tumour heterogeneity is a mechanism of therapeutic resistance and therefore an important clinical challenge. However, the tumour-related copy number variants (CNVs), as key regulators of cancer origination, development, and progression, across various types of cancers are poorly understood. We performed pan-cancer CNV analysis of cancer-related genes in 15 types of cancers including 1438 cancerous patients by next-generation sequencing using a commercially available pan-cancer panel (Onco PanScan™). Downstream bioinformatics analysis was performed in order to detect CNVs, cluster analysis of the found CNVs, and comparison of the frequency of gained CNVs between different types of cancers. LASSO analysis was used for identification of the most important CNVs. We also identified 523 CNVs among which 16 CNVs were common while 22 CNVs were caner-specific CNVs. Meanwhile, FAM58A was most commonly found in all studied cancers in this study and significant differences were found in FAM58A between female and male patients (p =.001). Common CNVs, such as FOXA1, NFKBIA, HEY1, MECOM, CHD7, AGO2, were mutated in 6.79%, 8.45%, 7.51%, 6.43%, 7.59%, 8.16% of tumours, while most of these mutations have proven roles in positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter. 11 features including sex, DIS3, EPHB1, ERBB2, FLT1, HCK, KEAP1, MYD88, PARP3, TBX3, and TOP2A were found as the key features for classification of cancers using CNVs. The 16 common CNVs between cancers can be used to identify the target of pan-cancer drug design and targeted therapies. Additionally, 22 caner-specific CNVs can be used as unique diagnostic markers for each cancer type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New phosphors Ca2Mg(BO3)2: Ce3+ were synthesized by the solid-state reaction method at a high temperature. The phase purity was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). The ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) optical properties of Ce3+ have been investigated, and the lowest 5d levels, the emission, and the Stokes shifts of Ce3+ in the host lattice were identified. In addition, its concentration quenching process was also studied. The results show that Ce3+ ions enter Ca2+ sites with only one emission in a UV-Vis range and that the optimum doping concentration is x = 0.05. The excitation and emission spectra were evaluated to clearly reveal luminescence features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phosphors of Ca3Ga2Ge3O12 (CGGG) co-doped with Nd3+ and Cr3+ ions were synthesized using conventional solid-state reaction techniques. Steady-state and time-resolved near-infrared (NIR) photoluminescence (PL) and long-lasting phosphorescence (LLP) properties are investigated in the Nd3+-doped CGGG samples. An increase in NIR luminescence traps can be realized in Nd3+/Cr3+ co-doped samples. Energy transfer from Cr3+ to Nd3+ with an efficiency of up to 57.5% is evident for Ca3−xNdxGa1.99Cr0.01Ge3O12 at x = 0.09. A cross relaxation scheme related to 4T2–4A2 of Cr3+ and 4I9/2–4F3/2 transitions of Nd3+ is discussed. We have presented the luminescence mechanism involving the competing processes of NIR PL and LLP, which is in accordance with our measurements. The results show that the NIR persistent luminescence of CGGG co-doped with Nd3+ and Cr3+ is more efficient compared to the single Nd3+ ion doped CGGG. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eu3+-activated La2CaB10O19 phosphors with nominal chemical formulae La2−xEuxCaB10O19 and La2Ca1−2xEuxNaxB10O19 were prepared. The luminescence properties under VUV-UV excitation were investigated. Luminescence spectra reveal Eu3+ ions occupy both Ca2+ and La3+ sites in all samples. The O2−→ Eu3+ charge transfer bands (CTBs) and the 5D0→7F0 emissions of Eu3+ at Ca 2+ site and La3+ site are identified, respectively. The schematic energy levels for Eu3+ in two sites were achieved. Luminescence decays of the 5D0→7F0 transitions were measured for both sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eu3+-activated La2CaB10O19 phosphors with nominal chemical formulae La2−xEuxCaB10O19 and La2Ca1−2xEuxNaxB10O19 were prepared. The luminescence properties under VUV-UV excitation were investigated. Luminescence spectra reveal Eu3+ ions occupy both Ca2+ and La3+ sites in all samples. The O2−→ Eu3+ charge transfer bands (CTBs) and the 5D0→7F0 emissions of Eu3+ at Ca 2+ site and La3+ site are identified, respectively. The schematic energy levels for Eu3+ in two sites were achieved. Luminescence decays of the 5D0→7F0 transitions were measured for both sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This report presents the luminescence properties of Ce3+ and Pr3+ activated Sr2Mg(BO3)2 under VUV–UV and X-ray excitation. The five excitation bands of crystal field split 5d states are observed at about 46729, 44643, 41667, 38314 and 29762cm−1 (i.e. 214, 224, 240, 261 and 336nm) for Ce3+ in the host lattice. The doublet Ce3+ 5d→4f emission bands were found at about 25840 and 24096cm−1 (387 and 415nm). The influence of doping concentration and temperature on the emission characteristics and the decay time of Ce3+ in Sr2Mg(BO3)2 were investigated. For Pr3+ doped samples, the lowest 5d excitation band was observed at about 42017cm−1 (238nm), a dominant band at around 35714cm−1 (280nm) and two shoulder bands were seen in the emission spectra. The excitation and emission spectra of Ce3+ and Pr3+ were compared and discussed. The X-ray excited luminescence studies show that the light yields are ∼3200±230 and ∼1400±100photons/MeV of absorbed X-ray energy for the samples Sr1.86Ce0.07Na0.07Mg(BO3)2 and Sr1.82Pr0.09Na0.09Mg(BO3)2 at RT, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phosphors, fluorapatites M5(PO4)3F (M=Ca, Sr, Ba) activated with Dy3+ ions, were prepared by a high-temperature solid-state reaction technique. The VUV-UV excitation spectra and emission spectra under VUV/UV excitation were measured. The phosphors show broad and strong absorption near 172 nm and intensive emission with the chromaticity coordinates entering the white light region. Hence, the phosphors may be considered as suitable candidates for Hg-free lamps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The spectroscopic properties of Na3Gd(PO4)2 and Na3Gd(PO4)2:Ce3+ phosphors in the VUV–UV spectral range were investigated. Five excitation bands of Ce3+ ions at Gd3+ sites are observed at wavelengths of 205, 246, 260, 292, and 321nm. Doublet Ce3+ 5d→4f emission bands are observed at 341 and 365nm with a decay constant τ 1/ e around 26ns. The X-ray excited luminescence of Na3Gd0.99Ce0.01(PO4)2 at room temperature shows a photon yield of ∼17,000photons/MeV of absorbed X-ray energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The phosphors NaGdFPO4:Ln 3+ and GdPO4:Ln 3+ (for Ln3+=Ce3+ and Tb3+) were prepared by solid-state reaction technique, the VUV–vis spectroscopic properties of the phosphors were investigated, and we vividly compare the luminescence of Ce3+ and Tb3+ in the hosts. For phosphors GdPO4:Ln 3+, the band near 155nm in VUV excitation spectrum is assumed to be the host-related absorption, and for NaGdFPO4:Ln 3+ the absorption is moved to longer wavelength, near 170nm, showing the P–O bond covalency increased after fluoridation. The f–d transitions of Ce3+ and Tb3+ in the host lattices are assigned and corroborated, and it was found that the 5d states are with lower energy in NaGdFPO4:Ln 3+ than those in GdPO4:Ln 3+. For fluoridation of GdPO4:Ln 3+ to NaGdFPO4:Ln 3+, the energy change of Ln 3+ (Ln=Ce, Tb) 5d states is consistent with that of host-related absorption. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

A series of Ce3+ and Dy3+ doped LiY 9 (SiO 4) 6 O 2 phosphors was prepared by conventional high temperature solid state reaction method. The dominant emission of Dy3+ originates from the 4F 9/2 → 6H 13/2 (yellow emission) electric dipole transition while that of Ce3+ locates in the blue region. The concentration quenching for Dy3+ emission was investigated by luminescence spectra and decay curves, the main mechanism responsible for the energy transfer between Dy3+ ions was determined by the Inokuti-Hirayama model. Energy transfer from Ce3+ to Dy3+ as well as the temperature sensing property was studied in detail. Thanks to the different thermal responses between Ce3+ and Dy3+ in the host, the highest sensing sensitivity was calculated to be 0.43% K−1. The results demonstrate that LiY 9 (SiO 4) 6 O 2 : Ce3+, Dy3+ may be a potential candidate for a luminescent ratiometric thermometer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Novel red-emitting phosphors, Sr 3 LaTa 3 O 12 :Eu3+ (SLTO:Eu3+), have been successfully synthesized for use in white light-emitting diodes (w-LEDs) and latent fingerprint (LFP) visualization applications. The crystalline structure, bandgap, and photoluminescence (PL) of the SLTO:Eu3+ phosphors were thoroughly investigated. Under 395 nm excitation, SLTO:Eu3+ phosphors emitted orange-red light at the wavelength of 616 nm due to the 5D 0 -7F 2 transition of Eu3+ ions. The optimal doping concentration of the phosphor is x = 0.30 and the neighbor ions interaction is the most critical factor in the concentration quenching mechanism of the SLTO:Eu3+ phosphor. Furthermore, the SLTO:0.30Eu3+ phosphor exhibit higher thermal stability compared to the conventional red phosphor (Sr 2 Si 5 N 8 :Eu2+). The packaged w-LED showed a correlated color temperature (6887 K), excellent color rendering index (95), and Commission International de l'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.305, 0.334). The SLTO:0.30Eu3+ phosphor effectively detected level 1–3 structures of LFPs under ultraviolet irradiation, and ultimately detected LFPs in various daily life circumstances. These findings indicate that the SLTO:0.30Eu3+ phosphor might be a viable option for w-LED lighting applications and LFPs visualization. • Sr 3 LaTa 3 O 12 :Eu3+ phosphors are firstly synthesized via solid-state reaction. • The phosphor emits bright red light excited by 395 nm. • The phosphor exhibits good thermal stability and high color purity. • Sr 3 LaTa 3 O 12 :Eu3+ phosphors has potential to be used for w-LED application and LFPs visualization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The spectroscopic properties of Ce3+, Pr3+ and Tb3+ activated SrB4O7 in VUV–vis range were investigated. The split 5d levels for Ce3+ in the host lattice are discussed and an environmental factor F c is used to explain the crystal field splitting (CFS). The photon cascade emission (PCE) process was observed in Pr3+ doped SrB4O7, and the quantum efficiency of PCE is estimated. An empirical relationship between the lowest spin-allowed f–d transition energy [W fd(n)] and n-value for 4f n -series Ln3+ (Ln=Ce, Pr, Tb) ions in SrB4O7 is proposed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Introduction: Central nervous system tuberculosis (CNSTB) is a severe condition, sometimes associated with a poor prognosis. Early diagnosis of CNSTB remains challenging, considering that conventional methods lack sensitivity or might lead to certain side effects. Herein, we presented a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the diagnostic efficacy of MRI for CNSTB., Methods and Analysis: SinoMed, Wanfang database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Embase, the Cochrane Library and PubMed will be searched to identify studies reporting on the use of MRI in the diagnosis of CNSTB from database inception to December 2023. The following keywords will be applied: 'Intracranial tuberculosis', 'Cerebral tuberculosis', 'Central nervous system tuberculosis', 'Spinal tuberculous arachnoiditis' and 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging'. Studies that evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of MRI for the diagnosis of CNSTB and report clear reference criteria will be included. Studies from which full true positive, false positive, false negative and true negative values cannot be extracted, those published in languages other than English or Chinese, abstracts not reporting the full text, and case reports will be excluded. Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) will be used to evaluate the methodological quality of each included study. Stata V.15.0 and RevMan V.5.3 will be used to perform a meta-analysis and generate forest plots and summary receiver operating characteristic curves. In case of significant heterogeneity between studies, possible sources of heterogeneity will be explored through subgroup and meta-regression analyses., Ethics and Dissemination: This research is based on public databases and does not require ethical approval. Results will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal., Prospero Registration Number: CRD42023415690., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

In this work, a hybrid structure of multilayer transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and a ferroelectric polymer is designed to achieve passive control of optical properties in situ. The electrical polarization in the ferroelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) polymer can regulate the photoluminescence (PL) in bilayer WSe 2 . The total PL emission intensity is substantially suppressed or enhanced under large gate voltage in bilayer WSe 2 . This is because electrons transfer between the conduction band K valley and the conduction band Λ valley by the electrostatic field in the P(VDF-TrFE) polymer. This electron transfer further adjusts the proportion of direct and indirect excitons and, in turn, changes the overall optical radiation efficiency. We also illustrate that the engineered PL originates from the external electric-field-dependent transferred electron effect. The theoretical result matches the experimental data well. This work demonstrates a device platform in which passive regulation is achieved using 2D TMDs modulated by polarized ferroelectric materials.

Atomically thin layers of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have recently drawn great attention. However, doping strategies and controlled synthesis for wafer-scale TMDs are still in their early stages, greatly hindering the construction of devices and further basic studies. In this work, we develop the fast deposition of wafer-scale layered lanthanide ion Yb/Er co-doped WSe2 using pulsed laser deposition. WSe2 nanosheets were chosen as the host, while Yb3+ and Er3+ ions served as the sensitizer and activator, respectively. The obtained Yb/Er co-doped WSe2 layers exhibit good uniformity and high crystallinity with highly textured features. Under the excitation of a diode laser at 980 nm, down-conversion emission is observed at around 1540 nm, assigned to the emission transition between the 4I13/2 and 4I15/2 states of Er3+. Considering the significance of 1540 nm luminescence in the application of photonic technologies, this observation in the WSe2:Yb/Er nanosheets down to the monolayer provides a new opportunity for developing photonic devices at the 2D limit. Our work not only offers a general method to prepare wafer-scale lanthanide doped TMDs, but also to widely modulate the luminescence of atomically layered TMDs by introducing lanthanide ions.

Large-scale synthesis of two-dimensional (2D) materials is one of the significant issues for fabricating layered materials into practical devices. As one of the typical III-VI semiconductors, InSe has attracted much attention due to its outstanding electrical transport property, attractive quantum physics characteristics, and dramatic photoresponse when it is reduced to atomic scale. However, scalable synthesis of single phase 2D InSe has not yet been achieved so far, greatly hindering further fundamental studies and device applications. Here, we demonstrate the direct growth of wafer-scale layered InSe nanosheets by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The obtained InSe layers exhibit good uniformity, high crystallinity with macro texture feature, and stoichiometric growth by in situ precise control. The characterization of optical properties indicates that PLD grown InSe nanosheets have a wide range tunable band gap (1.26-2.20 eV) among the large-scale 2D crystals. The device demonstration of field-effect transistor shows the n-type channel feature with high mobility of 10 cm 2 V -1 s -1 . Upon illumination, InSe-based phototransistors show a broad photoresponse to the wavelengths from ultraviolet to near-infrared. The maximum photoresponsivity attains 27 A/W, plus a response time of 0.5 s for the rise and 1.7 s for the decay, demonstrating the strong and fast photodetection ability. Our findings suggest that the PLD grown InSe would be a promising choice for future device applications in the 2D limit.

Near-infrared-to-near-infrared (NIR-to-NIR) anti-Stokes luminescence from Cr 3+ singly doped Ca 3 Ga 2 Ge 3 O 12 (CGGG) occurs under the excitation of an 808 nm diode laser. The anti-Stokes processes vary from one photon to two photon, depending on the Cr 3+ content (x) in Ca 3 Ga 2-x Cr x Ge 3 O 12 . The results suggest that phonon-assisted anti-Stokes excitation and cooperative energy transfer are involved in the observed upconversion (UC) processes of CGGG:Cr 3+ . The relevant Cr 3+ -doping-concentration-dependent NIR-to-NIR anti-Stokes luminescent mechanism, either one-photon or two-photon UC, is investigated. Such an observation on modulating the UC process via varying the doping concentration is helpful in broadening the understanding of UC phenomena.

Eu(3+)-activated La2CaB10O19 phosphors with nominal chemical formulae La(2-x)Eu(x)CaB10O19 and La2Ca(1-2x)Eu(x)Na(x)B10O19 were prepared. The luminescence properties under VUV-UV excitation were investigated. Luminescence spectra reveal Eu(3+) ions occupy both Ca(2+) and La(3+) sites in all samples. The O(2-)→ Eu(3+) charge transfer bands (CTBs) and the (5)D0→(7)F0 emissions of Eu(3+) at Ca (2+) site and La(3+) site are identified, respectively. The schematic energy levels for Eu(3+) in two sites were achieved. Luminescence decays of the (5)D0→(7)F0 transitions were measured for both sites.