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Measles is a highly contagious, vaccine-preventable disease that requires high population immunity in order for transmission to be interrupted. All 6 WHO regions have committed themselves to eliminating measles; however, no region has achieved and sustained elimination. This report describes progress in measles elimination during 2000-2022. Estimated coverage with the first dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV) worldwide increased from 72% to 86% between 2000 and 2019 and then decreased to 81% in 2021 during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the lowest coverage rate since 2008. In 2022, MCV1 coverage increased to 83%. Only 72 (50%) of 144 countries that reported measles cases achieved the measles surveillance indicator target of >2 discarded cases per 100 000 population in 2022. During 2021-2022, estimated measles cases increased by 18%, from 7 802 000 to 9 232 300, and the number of countries experiencing large or disruptive outbreaks increased from 22 to 37. The estimated number of measles deaths increased by 43% during 2021-2022, from 95 000 to 136 200. Nonetheless, an estimated 57 million measles deaths were averted by vaccination during 2000-2022. In 2022, measles vaccination coverage and global surveillance showed some recovery from the setbacks during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, coverage decreased in low-income countries, and, globally, years of suboptimal immunization coverage left millions of children unprotected. Setbacks in coverage during the COVID-19 pandemic must be reversed by renewed efforts to vaccinate all children with 2 MCV doses, strengthen surveillance, prevent outbreaks and accelerate progress towards elimination. La rougeole est une maladie a prevention vaccinale qui est hautement contagieuse et dont la transmission ne peut etre interrompue qu'en presence d'une forte immunite collective. Les 6 Regions de l'OMS se sont toutes engagees a eliminer la rougeole, mais a ce jour, aucune d'entre elles n'a atteint durablement cet objectif. Le present rapport decrit les progres accomplis vers l'elimination de la rougeole au cours de la periode 2000-2022. La couverture mondiale de la vaccination par la premiere dose de vaccin a valence rougeole (MCV) a progresse entre 2000 et 2019, passant de 72% a 86%, mais a ensuite recule pendant la pandemie de COVID-19 pour s'etablir a 81% en 2021, soit le taux le plus faible enregistre depuis 2008. En 2022, la couverture par le MCV1 est remontee a 83%. En 2022, seuls 72 (50%) des 144 pays ayant signale des cas de rougeole ont atteint la cible de l'indicateur de surveillance de la rougeole relatif au nombre de cas ecartes, a savoir >2 cas ecartes pour 100 000 habitants. Dans la periode 2021-2022, le nombre de cas de rougeole signales a augmente de 18%, passant de 7 802 000 a 9 232 300, et, le nombre de pays confrontes a des flambees epidemiques de grande ampleur ou perturbatrices de rougeole est passe de 22 a 37, et le nombre estime de deces dus a la rougeole a augmente de 43%, passant de 95 000 a 136 200. Neanmoins, on estime qu'entre 2000 et 2022, la vaccination a permis d'eviter 57 millions de deces dus a la rougeole. En 2022, on a constate des signes de relevement de la couverture vaccinale et de la surveillance mondiale de la rougeole apres les revers subis lors de la pandemie de COVID-19; la couverture vaccinale a toutefois diminuee dans les pays a faible revenu et, apres des annees de couverture sousoptimale, des millions d'enfants dans le monde restent sans protection contre la maladie. Il est urgent d'inverser le recul de la couverture enregistre pendant la pandemie de COVID-19 en redoublant d'efforts pour vacciner tous les enfants par 2 doses de MCV, renforcer la surveillance, prevenir les flambees epidemiques et accelerer les progres vers l'elimination., Introduction All 6 WHO regions have committed themselves to eliminating measles. (1) The Immunization Agenda 2030 (IA2030) 2 includes measles elimination as a core indicator of impact. IA2030 highlights the [...]

In 2020, the World Health Assembly endorsed the Immunization Agenda 2030 (IA2030), the 2021-2030 global strategy for a world in which everyone, everywhere, at every age fully benefits from vaccines. This report reviews trends in WHO and United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) estimates of global, regional and national immunization coverage up to 2022 and documents progress in improving coverage to reduce the number of children who have not received the first dose of a diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis-containing vaccine (DTPcvl) (zero-dose children) worldwide by 50% and to increase coverage with 3 DTPcv doses (DTPcv3). Worldwide, coverage with [greater than or equal to]1 dose DTPcvl increased from 86% in 2021 to 89% in 2022, remaining below the 90% coverage achieved in 2019. Estimated DTPcv3 coverage increased from 81% in 2021 to 84% in 2022 but also remained below the 2019 coverage of 86%. Worldwide in 2022, 14.3 million children were not vaccinated with DTPcv1, a 21% decrease from 18.1 million in 2021 but an 11% increase from 12.9 million in 2019. Most children (84%) who did not receive DTPcv1 in 2022 lived in low- and lower-middle-income countries. Global immunization rates recovered from the reduced levels associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in 2022, but progress was unevenly distributed, especially in low-income countries. Urgent action is needed to provide incompletely vaccinated children with catch-up vaccinations that were missed during the pandemic, restore national vaccination coverage to pre-pandemic levels, strengthen immunization programmes to build resilience to future unforeseen public health events, and further improve coverage to protect children from vaccine-preventable diseases. En 2020, l'Assemblee mondiale de la Sante a approuve le Programme de vaccination a l'horizon 2030 (IA2030), la strategie mondiale 2021-2030 pour un monde oU chaque individu, oU qu'il se trouve et quel que soit son age, beneficie pleinement des vaccins. Ce rapport examine l'evolution des estimations de l'OMS et du Fonds des Nations Unies pour l'enfance (UNICEF) de la couverture vaccinale mondiale, regionale et nationale jusqu'en 2022 et documente les progres accomplis dans l'amelioration de la couverture vaccinale visant a reduire de 50% le nombre d'enfants qui n'ont pas recu la premiere dose du vaccin antidiphterique-antitetanique-anticoquelucheux (DTC1) (enfants dits <>) dans le monde et a augmenter la couverture vaccinale par la troisieme dose de DTC (DTC3). A l'echelle mondiale, la couverture vaccinale par [greater than or equal to]1 dose de DTC a augmente, passant de 86% en 2021 a 89% en 2022, mais reste inferieure a la couverture de 90% atteinte en 2019. La couverture estimee par la DTC3 a egalement augmente, passant de 81% en 2021 a 84% en 2022, mais demeure inferieure a la couverture de 86% en 2019. En 2022, dans le monde, 14,3 millions d'enfants n'ont pas recu la DTC1, un chiffre en baisse de 21% par rapport aux 18,1 millions d'enfants en 2021, mais en augmentation de 11% par rapport aux 12,9 millions d'enfants en 2019. La plupart des enfants (84%) qui n'ont pas recu la DTC1 en 2022 vivaient dans des pays a revenu faible ou intermediaire de la tranche inferieure. Les taux de vaccination ont progresse a l'echelle mondiale, apres un recul associe a la pandemie de maladie a coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) en 2022, mais de maniere inegale, en particulier dans les pays a faible revenu. Il est urgent d'agir pour rattraper la vaccination des enfants incompletement vaccines parce qu'ils n'ont pas pu etre atteints lors de la pandemie, retablir la couverture vaccinale nationale aux niveaux d'avant la pandemie, renforcer les programmes de vaccination afin d'accroitre la resilience face a de futurs evenements de sante publique imprevus et ameliorer encore la couverture vaccinale pour proteger les enfants contre les maladies evitables par la vaccination., Introduction The Expanded Programme on Immunization was established by WHO in 1974 to ensure that every infant in the world receives vaccines against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, poliomyelitis, measles and tuberculosis. [...]

Following the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 in late 2019, transmission expanded globally and on 30 January 2020, COVID-19 was declared as a public health emergency of international concern. (1) Analysis of [...]

All 6 WHO regions have committed themselves to eliminate measles. (1) The aim of the Immunization Agenda 2021-2030 (IA2030) (2) is to achieve regional targets as a core indicator of [...]

In 2012, the World Health Assembly (WHA) endorsed the Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP), (1) with the objective of eliminating measles (2) in 5 of the 6 WHO regions by [...]

The aim of the Immunization agenda 2030 (IA2030), endorsed by the World Health Assembly in 2020, is to reduce morbidity and mortality from vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) throughout the life-course. (1) [...]

In 2010, the World Health Assembly (WHA) set the following 3 milestones for measles control to be achieved by 2015: 1) increase routine coverage with the first dose of measles-containing [...]

In 2010, the World Health Assembly (WHA) set 3 milestones for measles control, to be achieved by 2015: 1) increase routine coverage with the first dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV1) [...]

The Global Vaccine Action Plan 2011-2020 (GVAP), (1) endorsed by the World Health Assembly in 2012, calls on all countries to reach [greater than or equal to]90% national coverage with [...]

Data from the WHO and UNICEF Estimates of National Immunization Coverage (WUENIC) 2022 revision were analyzed to assess the status of routine immunization in the WHO African Region disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2022, coverage for the first and third doses of the diphtheria–tetanus–pertussis-containing vaccine (DTP1 and DTP3, respectively) and the first dose of the measles-containing vaccine (MCV1) in the region was estimated at 80%, 72% and 69%, respectively (all below the 2019 level). Only 13 of the 47 countries (28%) achieved the global target coverage of 90% or above with DTP3 in 2022. From 2019 to 2022, 28.7 million zero-dose children were recorded (19.0% of the target population). Ten countries in the region accounted for 80.3% of all zero-dose children, including the four most populated countries. Reported administrative coverage greater than WUENIC-reported coverage was found in 19 countries, highlighting routine immunization data quality issues. The WHO African Region has not yet recovered from COVID-19 disruptions to routine immunization. It is critical for governments to ensure that processes are in place to prioritize investments for restoring immunization services, catching up on the vaccination of zero-dose and under-vaccinated children and improving data quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2010, the World Health Assembly set 3 milestones for measles prevention to be achieved by 2015: 1) increase routine coverage with the first dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV1) among [...]

The Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP) (1) 2011-2020, endorsed by the World Health Assembly in 2012, calls on all countries to reach >90% national coverage for all vaccines in the [...]

Pilot testing is crucial when preparing any community-based vaccination coverage survey. In this paper, we use the term pilot test to mean informative work conducted before a survey protocol has been finalized for the purpose of guiding decisions about how the work will be conducted. We summarize findings from seven pilot tests and provide practical guidance for piloting similar studies. We selected these particular pilots because they are excellent models of preliminary efforts that informed the refinement of data collection protocols and instruments. We recommend survey coordinators devote time and budget to identify aspects of the protocol where testing could mitigate project risk and ensure timely assessment yields, credible estimates of vaccination coverage and related indicators. We list specific items that may benefit from pilot work and provide guidance on how to prioritize what to pilot test when resources are limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Measles is a highly contagious, vaccine-preventable disease that requires high population immunity for transmission to be interrupted. All six World Health Organization regions have committed to eliminating measles; however, no region has achieved and sustained measles elimination. This report describes measles elimination progress during 2000-2022. During 2000-2019, estimated coverage worldwide with the first dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV) increased from 72% to 86%, then declined to 81% in 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic, representing the lowest coverage since 2008. In 2022, first-dose MCV coverage increased to 83%. Only one half (72) of 144 countries reporting measles cases achieved the measles surveillance indicator target of two or more discarded cases per 100,000 population in 2022. During 2021-2022, estimated measles cases increased 18%, from 7,802,000 to 9,232,300, and the number of countries experiencing large or disruptive outbreaks increased from 22 to 37. Estimated measles deaths increased 43% during 2021-2022, from 95,000 to 136,200. Nonetheless, an estimated 57 million measles deaths were averted by vaccination during 2000-2022. In 2022, measles vaccination coverage and global surveillance showed some recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic setbacks; however, coverage declined in low-income countries, and globally, years of suboptimal immunization coverage left millions of children unprotected. Urgent reversal of coverage setbacks experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic can be accomplished by renewing efforts to vaccinate all children with 2 MCV doses and strengthening surveillance, thereby preventing outbreaks and accelerating progress toward measles elimination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 2020, the World Health Assembly endorsed the Immunization Agenda 2030 (IA2030), the 2021–2030 global strategy that envisions a world where everyone, everywhere, at every age, fully benefits from vaccines. This report reviews trends in World Health Organization and UNICEF immunization coverage estimates at global, regional, and national levels through 2022 and documents progress toward improving coverage with respect to the IA2030 strategy, which aims to reduce the number of children who have not received the first dose of a diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis–containing vaccine (DTPcv1) worldwide by 50% and to increase coverage with 3 diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis–containing vaccine doses (DTPcv3) to 90%. Worldwide, coverage ≥1 dose of DTPcv1 increased from 86% in 2021 to 89% in 2022 but remained below the 90% coverage achieved in 2019. Estimated DTPcv3 coverage increased from 81% in 2021 to 84% in 2022 but also remained below the 2019 coverage of 86%. Worldwide in 2022, 14.3 million children were not vaccinated with DTPcv1, a 21% decrease from 18.1 million in 2021, but an 11% increase from 12.9 million in 2019. Most children (84%) who did not receive DTPcv1 in 2022 lived in low- and lower-middle–income countries. COVID-19 pandemic–associated immunization recovery occurred in 2022 at the global level, but progress was unevenly distributed, especially among low-income countries. Urgent action is needed to provide incompletely vaccinated children with catch-up vaccinations that were missed during the pandemic, restore national vaccination coverage to prepandemic levels, strengthen immunization programs to build resiliency to withstand future unforeseen public health events, and further improve coverage to protect children from vaccine-preventable diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Infections due to hepatitis B virus (HBV) are a leading cause of death worldwide. WHO estimated that in 2015, 257 million people globally were living with chronic HBV infection and [...]

Endorsed by the World Health Assembly in 2012, the Global Vaccine Action Plan 2011-2020 (GVAP) (1) calls on all countries to reach [greater than or equal to] 90% national coverage [...]

In 1974, WHO established the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) to ensure that all children have access to 4 routinely recommended vaccines: (1) Bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccine (BCG) for protection against [...]

In 2000, the UN General Assembly adopted the Millennium Development Goals (MDG), with MDG4 being a reduction of two thirds in child mortality by 2015, and with measles vaccination coverage [...]

In 1974, WHO established the Expanded Programme on Immunization to ensure that all children have access to routinely recommended vaccines. (1) Since then, global coverage with the 4 core vaccines--Bacille [...]

Rubella virus usually causes a mild fever and rash in children and adults; however, infection during pregnancy, especially during the first trimester, can result in miscarriage, fetal death, stillbirth, or [...]

The article presents a report from the World Health Organization (WHO) on COVID-19 mortality and progress toward vaccinating older adults from 2020-2022. Topics discussed include impact of COVID-19 during the period, reported and estimated excess COVID-19-associated deaths, and ratio of excess COVID-19 mortality estimates to aggregate number of reported deaths.

All six World Health Organization (WHO) regions have committed to eliminating measles.* The Immunization Agenda 2021-2030 (IA2030)† aims to achieve the regional targets as a core indicator of impact and positions measles as the tracer of a health system's ability to deliver essential childhood vaccines. IA2030 highlights the importance of ensuring rigorous measles surveillance systems to document immunity gaps and achieve 95% coverage with 2 timely doses of measles-containing vaccine (MCV) among children. This report describes progress toward measles elimination during 2000-2021 and updates a previous report (1). During 2000-2021, estimated global coverage with a first MCV dose (MCV1) increased from 72% to a peak of 86% in 2019, but decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic to 83% in 2020 and to 81% in 2021, the lowest MCV1 coverage recorded since 2008. All countries conducted measles surveillance, but only 47 (35%) of 135 countries reporting discarded cases§ achieved the sensitivity indicator target of two or more discarded cases per 100,000 population in 2021, indicating surveillance system underperformance in certain countries. Annual reported measles incidence decreased 88% during 2000-2016, from 145 to 18 cases per 1 million population, then rebounded to 120 in 2019 during a global resurgence (2), before declining to 21 in 2020 and to 17 in 2021. Large and disruptive outbreaks were reported in 22 countries. During 2000-2021, the annual number of estimated measles deaths decreased 83%, from 761,000 to 128,000; an estimated 56 million measles deaths were averted by vaccination. To regain progress and achieve regional measles elimination targets during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, accelerating targeted efforts is necessary to reach all children with 2 MCV doses while implementing robust surveillance and identifying and closing immunity gaps to prevent cases and outbreaks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Fourth United Nations Millennium Development Goal 4 (MDG4), adopted in 2000, set a target to reduce child mortality by two thirds by 2015. One of the indicators towards this [...]