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As vespas sociais nidificam em diferentes substratos, mas há poucas informações sobre o uso de bananeiras, plantas de interesse comercial e utilizadas como quebra vento em outras culturas, portanto o objetivo aqui é acrescentar informações sobre a nidificação de vespas sociais em bananeira, Musa spp. (Musaceae) no sul de Minas Gerais. O trabalho foi realizado durante o período de 21 de outubro de 2023 a 28 de fevereiro de 2024, em sete dias de amostragem, com duas horas diárias de campo, em horários variados, o que totalizou 14 horas de trabalho de campo, na área da fazenda escola do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Sul de Minas campus Inconfidentes, município de Inconfidentes. Foram registradas 25 colônias de nove espécies nidificando na bananeira, portanto, essa planta é utilizada como substrato por diferentes espécies de vespídeos, e isso pode beneficiar essa cultura e outras associadas, como o cafeeiro, pois esses insetos sociais são predadores de diferentes pragas que afetam negativamente várias plantas de interesse agrícola.

BackgroundKnowledge of the pattern of regression and distribution of residual tumor cells may assist in the selection of candidates for rectum-sparing strategies.ObjectiveTo investigate and identify factors associated with tumor regression pattern and distribution of residual tumor cells.MethodsWe conducted a prospective study of patients with T3/T4 N0/N+ adenocarcinoma of the middle and lower third of the rectum (≤10 cm) treated with radiotherapy (5×5 Gy) followed by 6 cycles of CAPOX chemotherapy. The pattern of tumor regression was classified as fragmented or solid. Microscopic intramural spread was measured. We used a model of distribution of residual tumor cells not yet applied to rectal cancer, defined as follows: type I (luminal), type II (invasive front), type III (concentric), and type IV (random).ResultsForty patients were included with a median age of 66 years; 23 (57.5%) were men. A fragmented pattern was identified in 18 patients (45.0%), and a solid pattern in 22 (55.0%). Microscopic intramural spread was identified in 25 patients (62.5%), extending from 1 to 18 mm (median, 4 mm). There were 14 cases (35.0%) of microscopic intramural spread ≥10 mm. All cases of fragmented regression pattern, except one, showed microscopic intramural spread. Within the fragmented pattern, microscopic intramural spread was 4–8 mm in 4 cases and ≥10 mm in the remaining cases. All cases of microscopic intramural spread ≥ 10 mm were within the fragmented pattern. Regarding the distribution pattern of residual tumor cells, 11 cases (31.5%) were classified as type I, 14 (40.0%) as type II, 10 (28.5%) as type III, and none as type IV. Carcinoembryonic antigen levels >5 ng/mL, downsizing 20 mm, and anatomopathologic lymph node involvement were significantly associated with the occurrence of fragmentation (P

This paper describes the Santos Basin Underwater Soundscape Monitoring Project (PMPAS-BS), a Brazilian ocean soundscape monitoring initiative. The main objective of the project is to quantify and assess hydroacoustic noise of anthropogenic origin in a large sedimentary basin extending from 23° S to 28° S on the southeastern Brazilian continental margin of the South Atlantic Ocean. Noise associated with oil and gas (O&G) exploration and production activities is the primary target, but this oceanic region also has busy shipping lanes for commercial, military, and fishing vessels. The two main hubs of Brazil’s export and import of goods by sea are located in this region: Santos and Rio de Janeiro ports. The project has three measurement components: mobile monitoring based on gliders and drifting acoustic profilers, fixed shallow-water monitoring based on acoustic measurements at coastal stations near shipping lanes associated with exploration and production activities in the Santos Basin, and fixed oceanic monitoring based on deep-water mooring lines equipped with passive autonomous acoustic recorders near production units, shipping lanes, and areas with lower intensity of O&G activities (pristine or reference sites). Numerical modeling of anthropogenic underwater acoustic noise has also been included as a fourth project component. The PMPAS-BS covers an area of more than 251,000 km2 and uses several instruments with different methods and sensors for acoustic measurements. Its results provide current sound levels over a very large region of the western South Atlantic, both in areas more and less affected by anthropogenic activities.

Abstract Experimental trials were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of mulching with carnauba bagana, a by-product of wax extraction from Copernicia prunifera leaves, on the establishment of 32 shrub and tree species in the Caatinga region. The evaluations were made in areas degraded by mining and embankment of piçarra. Treated plants received 10 L of carnauba mulch in the crown of planted seedlings, while control plants received no mulch. After 24 months, mulching of carnauba improved the growth or survival of eight of the 32 species, while worsening that of two species. Specifically, mulching increased (p

There is little information about the Pompilidae fauna in Brazil’s Deciduous Forests and no reports about how this taxon manifests itself in the Mata Seca State Park (PEMS), which is considered one of the most important for the protection of this forest in Brazil. This work was carried out to record the occurrence of Pompilidae in the Deciduous Forest of the PEMS. The records were occasionally taken in the PEMS during 24 days in 2021. A total of 16 individuals of two genera, four species, and three morphospecies of Pompilidae were collected. The Pepsis albocincta Smith, 1855; Pepsis apicata Taschenberg, 1869; Pepsis decorata Perty, 1833; and Entypus taschenbergii (Dalla Torre, 1897) species are new to Brazil’s dry forest, which reaffirms the importance of the PEMS in ensuring the protection of biological diversity in the Deciduous Forests of Brazil.

O artigo discute, apoiado nas noções de ficção especulativa em Jota Mombaça e de fabulação crítica de Saidiya Hartman, o papel que as fotomontagens da artista Gê Viana têm na elaboração de uma crítica anticolonial aos processos de violência contra corpos dissidentes de raça e de gênero e culturas dos povos originários no Brasil. Observando como a artista interfere e adultera imagens de arquivo, a hipótese do texto é que por meio desses procedimentos suas imagens vão constituir um dispositivo fabulador capaz de construir ficções visuais que especulam memórias de futuro e conjuram o trauma colonial. Por meio da análise de alguns de seus principais trabalhos, conclui-se que as fotomontagens da artista reprocessam a memória colonial e as representações de corpos dissidentes, reposicionando-as para além do trauma.

The introduction of species in areas with no top-down control is a recipe for ecosystem catastrophe. Theory predicts that introduced species in areas that lack predators may experience rapid growth and subsequently crash or stabilize around the carrying capacity. Impressively, there are very few studies on the population trend of tropical forest-dwelling mammals. In 1983, 100 individuals from 15 species of generalist mammals were introduced on an 828-ha tropical island in Southeast Brazil (Anchieta Island). Here, we present the status and population dynamics of the introduced species after 19, 21, 35, 38, and 39 years based on 611 km of line transects split into diurnal and nocturnal surveys. Among the introduced species, five were extinct and two species became super-abundant. The population of agouti has been fluctuating around 900 individuals and black-tufted marmoset around 600 individuals which may reflect the carrying capacity of the island. Our results showed that a tropical island, without top predators, resulted in a massive population explosion of 2 of the 15 introduced mammals, demonstrating that colonization and invasion processes are not straightforward to predict.

Abstract Objective Histological and macroscopic evaluation of the healing process of acute lesions of the femoral rectus muscle using stem cells derived from adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs). Method An experimental study was conducted with 18 hind legs of New Zealand rabbits, which were divided into three study groups according to the intervention to be performed. In group I, no surgical procedure was performed; in group II—SHAN, the experimental lesion was performed without any additional intervention protocol; in group III—Intervention, the addition of ADSCs was performed in the same topography of the experimental lesion. After the proposed period, 2 weeks, the material was collected and submitted to macroscopic and histological evaluation. Results The quantitative analysis showed that the addition of ADSCs is related to the reduction of inflammatory cells in the 2-week evaluation (164.2 cells in group II – SHAN to 89.62 cells in group III – ADSC). The qualitative analysis of the slides with Picrosirius red, noticed an increase in orange/yellow fibers in group III – ADSC, which evidences a final healing process. The macroscopic evaluation found no difference between the groups. Conclusion The use of ADSCs in the treatment of acute muscle injury presented histological advantages when compared to their non-use.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory disorder represented by Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Currently, there is no cure and pharmacological treatment aims to induce and maintain remission on patients. Because the therapy reveals a relatively high toxicity, during a long-term utilization, it is essential to investigate new pharmacological approaches. Polyphenols, commonly present on red wine, have shown health-beneficial effects related to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects through the inhibition of NF-kB activation, COX-2 and iNOS induction. In this sense, it would be interesting to study their effects in an IBD context. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effects of an aqueous extract of phenolic compounds in a 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced model of colitis. Method: Experimental colitis was induced in mice through an intrarectal administration of TNBS and then the mice were treated with an aqueous extract of phenolic compounds intraperitoneally for four days. Results and Discussion: The extract demonstrated an anti-inflammatory effect, reducing TNF-α levels in the colon, and had a beneficial effect on the extraintestinal manifestations related to IBD, without any significant side effects. The extract of phenolic compounds demonstrated to be a valuable object of study for the management of IBD in the future.

Measurement(s) spatial region Technology Type(s) occurrent Sample Characteristic - Organism Mammalia • Chiroptera sp. BOLD:AAA2524 Sample Characteristic - Environment cave system • karst cave Sample Characteristic - Location Global

ABSTRACT Introduction: Bladder and urinary sphincter malfunctioning that results from some change in the central and/or peripheral nervous system is defined as neurogenic bladder. The urinary tract symptoms that can be related to its filling, emptying, or both have a significant impact on the quality of life of individuals. The present review was based on the document prepared for the public health system in Brazil as a treatment guidelines proposal. Material and Methods: Survey questions were structured as per PICO (Population, Intervention, Control, and Outcome). Search strategies were defined and performed in the MEDLINE/Pubmed, Embase, Epistemonikos and Google Scholar databases. The selection of articles followed the evidence hierarchy concept; evidence body was identified, and the quantitative study data were extracted. The quality of evidence and grade of recommendation were qualitatively assessed according to GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations). Results: A total of 2.707 articles were identified, with 49 of them being selected to compose the basis for this review. Neurogenic bladder treatments were classified according to their focus on filling or emptying symptoms and sub- classified in pharmacological and surgical treatments. Conclusion: Treatment guidelines are important tools for the public health system to promote the best practice when treating neurogenic bladder patients.

Air pollution in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo (MASP), Brazil, is a serious problem and is strongly affected by local sources. However, atmosphere column composition in MASP is also affected by biomass burning aerosol (BB). Understanding the impacts of aerosol particles, from both vehicles and BB, on the air quality and climate depends on in-depth research with knowledge of some parameters such as the optical properties of particles and their chemical composition. This study characterized fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from July 2019 to August 2020 in the eastern part of the MASP, relating the chemical composition data obtained at the surface and columnar optical parameters, such as aerosol optical depth (AOD), Ångström Exponent (AE), and single-scattering albedo (SSA). According to the analyzed data, the mean PM2.5 concentration was 18.0 ± 12.5 µg/m3; however, daily events exceeded 75 times the air quality standard of the World Health Organization (15 µg/m3). The mean black carbon concentration was 1.8 ± 1.5 µg/m3 in the sampling period. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) identified four main sources of aerosol: heavy vehicles (42%), followed by soil dust plus local sources (38.7%), light vehicles (9.9%), and local sources (8.6%). AOD and AE presented the highest values in the dry period, during which biomass burning events are more frequent, suggesting smaller particles in the atmosphere. SSA values at 440 nm were between 0.86 and 0.94, with lower values in the winter months, indicating the presence of more absorbing aerosol.

As vespas sociais utilizam vários substratos para nidificação, como já reportado para o gênero Mischocyttarus, o objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar novas nidificações de Mischocyttarus bertonii, assim ampliando informações ecológicas e etológicas da espécie. O estudo foi conduzido no Parque Estadual da Mata Seca e na Fazenda Escola do IFSULDEMINAS, Campus Inconfidentes, utilizando-se do método de busca ativa para a coleta dos espécimes. Foram registradas nidificações em plantas como Mangifera indica L., Cereus jamacaru DC. e ainda em um poste, estando em áreas conservadas ou antropizadas. As nidificações que ocorreram em M. indica L. podem ter ocorridas pela proteção contra intempéries e devido a fonte de alimento providenciada pela planta, já as que ocorreram em C. jamacaru e no poste pode ter ocorrido, também, pela proteção providenciada pelos substratos, além de serem um meio de defesa contra os predadores através dos espinhos dos cactos ou reduzir a pressão da predação como no poste. Por fim, o estudo conclui que, a espécie M. bertonii é bem versátil em relação a escolha do ecossistema para a nidificação, podendo estar presentes tanto em ambientes antropizados ou conservados, utilizando comumente substratos como as cactaceae, mas sugerindo ainda uma adaptação aos ambientes antropizados.

Objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic increased global demand for personal protective equipment (PPE) and resulted in shortages. The study evaluated the re-use of surgical masks and respirators by analysing their performance and safety before and after reprocessing using the following methods: oven, thermal drying, autoclave, and hydrogen peroxide plasma vapour. Methods: In total, 45 surgical masks and 69 respirators were decontaminated. Visual integrity, air permeability, burst resistance, pressure differential and particulate filtration efficiency of new and decontaminated surgical masks and respirators were evaluated. In addition, 14 used respirators were analysed after work shifts before and after decontamination using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and viral culturing. Finally, reprocessed respirators were evaluated by users in terms of functionality and comfort. Results: Oven decontamination (75 °C for 45 min) was found to be the simplest decontamination method. Physical and filtration assays indicated that all reprocessing methods were safe after one cycle. Oven decontamination maintained the characteristics of surgical masks and respirators for at least five reprocessing cycles. Viral RNA was detected by RT-PCR in two of the 14 used respirators. Four respirators submitted to viral culture were PCR-negative and culture-negative. Reprocessed respirators used in work shifts were evaluated positively by users, even after three decontamination cycles. Conclusion: Oven decontamination is a safe method for reprocessing surgical masks and respirators for at least five cycles, and is feasible in the hospital setting.

Changes in animal population dynamics and community composition following species (re)introduction may have unanticipated consequences for a variety of downstream ecosystem processes, including infectious disease transmission. Due the lessons learned from ongoing projects, we present a novel approach on how to anticipate, monitor, and mitigate the vampire bats and rabies in rewilding projects. We pinpoint a series of precautions and the need for long-term monitoring of vampire bats and rabies responses to rewilding projects and highlighted the importance of multidisciplinary teams of scientist and managers focusing on prevention educational program of rabies risk transmitted by bats. In addition, monitoring the relative abundance of vampire bats, considering reproductive control by sterilization and oral vaccines that autonomously transfer among bats would reduce the probability, size and duration of rabies outbreaks. The rewilding assessment framework presented here responds to calls to better integrate the science and practice of rewilding and will help conservation practitioners and researchers to develop effective message framing strategies that minimize bats emerging infectious diseases and support biodiversity and its associated ecosystem services.

Este artigo apresenta o Projeto de Monitoramento da Paisagem Acústica Submarina da Bacia de Santos (PMPAS-BS), exigência no processo de licenciamento ambiental federal, conduzido pelo IBAMA, dos projetos de produção e escoamento de petróleo e gás da Bacia de Santos, tendo por objetivos principais quantificar e caracterizar os ruídos hidroacústicos de origem antropogênica associados às atividades de Exploração e Produção (E&P) da PETROBRAS na região. O escopo de levantamento de dados do PMPAS-BS compreende três componentes principais: monitoramento móvel, realizado através de equipamentos autônomos como gliders e perfiladores acústicos de livre deriva; monitoramento fixo costeiro, realizado através de observatórios submarinos (OS) rasos instalados em regiões costeiras da Bacia de Santos; e monitoramento fixo oceânico, realizado através de linhas de fundeio instrumentadas (LFI) próximas a unidades de produção, rotas de navegação e em áreas com menor intensidade de atividades de E&P. Foi incluída também uma componente de modelagem numérica do ruído acústico submarino, muito utilizada em diversos países do mundo, e que após validada, permitirá complementar e substituir parte do esforço amostral. O PMPAS-BS tem uma magnitude de medições acústicas oceânicas que é pioneira na América Latina e com poucos similares no mundo, sendo feito o monitoramento de uma extensa área (36.000 km2) por meio de diversos equipamentos com distintos métodos e sensores de aquisição acústica. Seus resultados permitem estabelecer os atuais níveis de ruído acústico submarino em extensa região do Oceano Atlântico Sul, tanto em regiões prístinas como impactadas por atividades antropogênicas (navegação e indústria de óleo e gás).

Abstract Background Scaffolds have considerably advanced in recent years. In orthopaedic surgery, scaffolds have been used as grafts in procedures involving tendon and ligament reconstruction. This paper aimed to produce and evaluate decellularized tendon scaffolds (DTSs) from biomechanical, microscopic, macroscopic and in vivo perspectives. Methods Bilateral gastrocnemius muscle tendons from 18 adult New Zealand rabbits were collected. Of these 36 tendons, 11 were used as controls (Group A - control), and 25 were used in the decellularization protocol (Group B - DTS). The groups were subjected to histological, biomechanical and macroscopic analyses, and Group B - DTS was subjected to an additional in vivo evaluation. In the decellularization protocol, we used a combination of aprotinin, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and t-octyl-phenoxypolyethoxyethanol (Triton X-100) for six days. During this period, the scaffolds were kept at room temperature on an orbital shaker with constant motion. Results The DTSs showed an increased cross-sectional area and inter-fascicular distance and no change in parallelism or matrix organization. The nuclear material was not organized in the DTSs as it was in the control. In the biomechanical analysis, no significant differences were found between the groups after analysing the ultimate tensile load, stiffness, and elongation at the ultimate tensile load. During the in vivo evaluation, mononuclear cell infiltration was noted. Conclusions The evaluated decellularization protocol generated a tendon scaffold, maintained the most important biomechanical characteristics and permitted cell infiltration.

Detergents are indispensable reagents in membrane protein structural biology. Here, L. H. Urner and co-workers introduce oligoglycerol detergents (OGDs) and use native mass spectrometry to show how interactions of membrane proteins with native membrane lipids can be preserved during purification.

Este estudo discute o papel da literatura no ensino de inglês como língua estrangeira, em especial, no tocante a como esta pode auxiliar estudantes em seus processos de aprendizagem. Este trabalho surge como resultado de reflexões tecidas nas disciplinas de Literatura Inglesa e Norte-Americana e no projeto de extensão Communication Café, da Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia – UESB, Campus Vitória da Conquista. Neste estudo, a partir das experiências (de leitura, produção e/ou reflexões de textos literários) vivenciadas nestes dois contextos, traçamos um paralelo entre a importância da literatura e as formas de a incorporarmos ao processo de ensino e aprendizagem da língua inglesa. Pensar o lugar da literatura no ensino de inglês como língua estrangeira abre portas para um possível diálogo interdisciplinar. Ainda, nos permite uma leitura crítica de nossa trajetória humana, considerando a intrínseca relação entre literatura e sociedade (GOMES, 2009). A análise que apresentamos é fundamentada em uma perspectiva qualitativa de pesquisa, na qual a compreensão subjetiva e crítica dos autores (professora coordenadora do projeto e discentes do curso de Letras Modernas) ocupa lugar central (CONNELLY; CLANDININ, 2000). Este estudo poderá interessar estudantes, professores e admiradores das várias facetas da língua inglesa.

Esta pesquisa descreve o processo de elaboração de um conjunto de 23 diretrizes para design de interfaces de Ambientes Virtuais de Aprendizagem, voltadas aos estudantes com baixa visão. As diretrizes foram elaboradas de forma colaborativa e centrada no usuário, contando com a colaboração de 12 estudantes com baixa visão (de níveis diversos), 3 especialistas em acessibilidade e 5 desenvolvedores e designers de web sites. A partir do levantamento de necessidades dos estudantes, os especialistas em acessibilidade geraram um protocolo de navegação para os estudantes com baixa visão, o que permitiu identificar suas dificuldades. A partir disso, o conjunto de diretrizes foi sucessivamente refinado de forma colaborativa entre os especialistas em acessibilidade e os designers e programadores, resultando num conjunto que é apresentado ao final deste artigo. Ainda que a maioria das diretrizes listadas nesta pesquisa não representem novidade em termos de design de interfaces, o fato de elas terem sido agrupadas em torno das necessidades dos usuários com baixa visão representa um avanço, pois facilita o uso destas diretrizes por desenvolvedores que não são especialistas no assunto.

O artigo analisa o projeto Ressaca Tropical, do artista visual Jonathas de Andrade, composto por uma instalação fotográfica de 2009 e por um foto-livro homônimo publicado em 2016. Através da combinação de trechos de um diário anônimo e de fotografias documentais oriundas de quatro acervos fotográficos, o artista lança um olhar crítico e multifacetado sobre o passado para cartografar os fracassos de nossas utopias modernas. No texto, defendo que a construção desses mapas físicos e mentais resulta em paisagens imaginadas que conectam e problematizam as relações entre corpo, espaço, utopia e memória. Através de uma análise dos jogos feitos com as imagens e das estratégias narrativas desenvolvidas pelo artista, o texto buscará evidenciar como em Ressaca Tropical o uso dos arquivos, do território e da fabulação constitui uma das formas encontradas para dar a ver o imbricamento dessas relações em nosso presente pós-colonial.

As imagens do artista visual Kgomotso Neto revelam práticas narrativas e estéticas decoloniais africanas representadas a partir de novos marcadores de liberdade e do registro da vida cotidiana nas townships e centros urbanos da África do Sul. O artigo faz uma leitura dos lugares, simbologias e identidades a partir das suas fotografias, enfatizando os modos como a negritude é percebida e construída através de uma lente que dá a ver novas formas de contestação do legado colonial. A partir da análise de dois projetos do artista, o texto argumenta que seu trânsito por distintas referências e linguagens e sua relação íntima com o cotidiano urbano lhe permitem realizar jogos com as representações de corpos e de espaços, convidando-nos a perceber estilos de vida, de liberdade e de moda como lugares de luta e de resistência, com os quais busca apontar e ultrapassar lacunas e opressões coloniais.

Abstract Invasive exotic grasses are among the biggest obstacles to the success of reforestation projects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the crowning with cardboard in suppressing the grasses Urochloa humidicola and Megathyrsus maximus aiming its use in reforestation areas. A field experiment was installed in a completely randomized design with two treatments consisted of crowning with cardboard and without crowning (control). The crowning with cardboard caused a progressive reduction of the biomass and was effective in causing senescence of both grasses in 80% or more of the crowning area between 20 and 50 days after the crowning (F test; p

Este artigo objetiva apresentar e discutir a importância e formas de desenvolver a habilidade de expressão oral em língua inglesa. A abordagem metodológica qualitativa da pesquisa narrativa fundamenta este estudo e permite que façamos reflexões importantes, através de narrativas e reflexões tecidas por participantes e monitores do projeto de extensão Communication Café. Este projeto de extensão surgiu em 2014 na Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia – UESB/Campus Vitória da Conquista e, desde então, tem procurado criar oportunidades para que a comunidade acadêmica desenvolva e pratique a habilidade de conversação em inglês em seus encontros semanais. A habilidade de se expressar oralmente em uma língua estrangeira ainda não ocupa um espaço central em muitas instituições de ensino. No Brasil, tanto no âmbito da educação básica como no ensino superior, as habilidades de conversação em língua inglesa, por exemplo, são muitas vezes deixadas de lado ou recebem pouca atenção no currículo de muitas instituições. Entretanto, entendemos que esta habilidade, que permite que interações e trocas de conhecimento e experiências ocorra entre as pessoas, deva receber atenção especial, uma vez que pode capacitar os cidadãos para agirem no mundo de forma ativa e critica (FREIRE, 1997; CRYSTAL, 2002). Portanto, este estudo apresenta, dentre seus resultados, uma reflexão relevante sobre a importância da conversação em inglês em ambientes de ensino no Brasil. Ainda, apresenta algumas formas que temos disponíveis para praticarmos as habilidades comunicativas na língua inglesa. Este estudo poderá interessar alunos, professores, pesquisadores e curiosos sobre os rumos dos estudos sobre ensino-aprendizagem de inglês e seus desdobramentos.

Resumo: Neste estudo documental, de abordagem qualitativa e exploratória, identificamos e analisamos 103 reportagens no periódico online El País Brasil, produzidas e veiculadas entre janeiro/2019 e fevereiro/2020. A escolha pelo referido jornal ocorreu pela percepção costumeira em relação ao seu posicionamento progressista quando comparado à maioria dos grandes jornais brasileiros. Utilizando-se da análise crítica da ideologia de Thompson (2011), observamos que no conjunto das reportagens coletadas puderam ser elaborados 5 agrupamentos temáticos, os quais foram analisados separadamente, embora consideramos um grau de interdependência entre todos eles: (1) machismo – 39 reportagens que abordaram naturalização do comportamento machista de jogadores e a discussão de ineditismos quanto aos direitos das mulheres no esporte/sociedade; (2) política e fascismo – 20 reportagens que evidenciaram as relações políticas com esporte, bem como, questões envolvendo fascismo e contextos históricos; (3) racismo – 16 matérias que trataram quanto a questões racistas envolvendo o campo esportivo; (4) mercadorização e tecnologias – 16 reportagens em que se explicitam as relações entre esporte, mercado e tecnologias; e, (5) homofobia e preconceitos/assédio sexual – 12 reportagens que explicitaram casos de homofobia e preconceitos sexuais diversos. Concluímos que o esforço do periódico em pautar temas importantes da política contemporânea é limitado pela sua estrutura conservadora, tanto na ordem do discurso quanto no dos interesses econômicos, e propriamente ideológico, pois que sob a aparência progressista junta-se aos esforços de manutenção da ordem do poder.

Neste artigo operamos uma análise fílmica do longa-metragem brasileiro “Ventos de Agosto” (2014), do diretor Gabriel Mascaro, em que é possível observarmos a dimensão da morte como questão dialógica do filme, permitindo-nos tratar, a partir da presença do corpo morto, os usos sociais do corpo. Assim, embora sua potência seja a dimensão estética, a narrativa fílmica nos permite refletir, antropologicamente, quanto ao corpo institucionalizado pelos dispositivos do Direito e da Medicina, explicitando o governo dos corpos (vivos e mortos) para seus usos políticos.

Abstract We studied the extraction of antioxidant phenolic compounds, anthocyanins and the evaluation of antioxidant activity of strawberries in different extraction conditions, varying the type of solvent (ethanol:water (50%) and acetone:water (60%), the extraction time (15 and 60 min) and the solvent volume to sample mass ratio (5 mL/g and 20 mL/g). In addition, we performed principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The results showed that, although the two solvents tested had similar influence on total phenolic compounds extraction and antioxidant activity, the 60 minutes of extraction and the use of the solvent volume/sample mass ratio of 20 mL/g were the best extraction conditions, both for the 1st and 2nd recovered extracts. However, the solvent had a marked effect on anthocyanins’ extraction, so that acetone/water extracted almost the double as compared to ethanol/water, for the same extraction conditions. Finally, factor analysis allowed identifying a grouping structure of two components, which was confirmed by the dendogram obtained from cluster analysis.

Forward kinematics is one of the main research fields in robotics, where the goal is to obtain the position of a robot’s end-effector from its joint parameters. This work presents a method for achieving this using a recursive algorithm that builds a 3D computational model from the configuration of a robotic system. The orientation of the robot’s links is determined from the joint angles using Euler Angles and rotation matrices. Kinematic links are modeled sequentially, the properties of each link are defined by its geometry, the geometry of its predecessor in the kinematic chain, and the configuration of the joint between them. This makes this method ideal for tackling serial kinematic chains. The proposed method is advantageous due to its theoretical increase in computational efficiency, ease of implementation, and simple interpretation of the geometric operations. This method is tested and validated by modeling a human-inspired robotic mobile manipulator (CHARMIE) in Python.

The present study aimed at investigating the influence of several production factors, conservation conditions, and extraction procedures on the phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of blueberries from different cultivars. The experimental data was used to train artificial neural networks, using a feed-forward model, which gave information about the variables affecting the antioxidant activity and the concentration of phenolic compounds in blueberries. The ANN input variables were location, cultivar, the age of the bushes, the altitude of the farm, production mode, state, storage time, type of extract and order of extract, while the output variables were total phenolic compounds, tannins as well as ABTS and DPPH antioxidant activity. The ANN model was fairly good, with values of the correlation factor for the whole dataset varying from 0.948 to 0.979, while the values of mean squared error were ranging from 0.846 to 0.018, for DPPH antioxidant acidity and anthocyanins, respectively. The results obtained showed that the methanol extracts contained higher amounts of total phenols and anthocyanins as compared to acetone: water extracts, while presenting similar quantities of tannins in both extracts. The blueberries from organic farming were richer in phenolic compounds and possessed higher antioxidant activity than those from conventional agriculture. Even though the effect of storage was not established with high certainty, a trend was observed for an increase in the phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity along storage, either when under refrigeration or under freezing, for the storage periods evaluated.

In the present study, we calibrated and validated thermal models to predict the DOY date at which the grape maturity index, potential alcohol/total acidity (PA/TA), reaches 0.75 (MS0.75), 1.0 (MS1), 1.5 (MS1.5), and 2.0 (MS2) for two grapevine Portuguese varieties, Touriga Nacional (TN) and Encruzado (EN), growing in the Dão wine region, Portugal. Daily rates of forcing calculated with the Sigmoid (SM) function and the Degree Day (DD) function were used. The outcomes show that the best performance of the models was obtained for the heat accumulation starting at flowering (tx = EL23). The analysis of model sensitivity to changes in forcing rate coefficients (T0, e, and d) enabled the selection of the same models for all maturity stage of each variety. The selected models revealed significant predictability, though dependent on the grape maturity stage and variety (EFF > 0.81 for TN and EFF > 0.75 for EN). The non-linear regression analyses of sugar concentration (SC) and total acidity (TA) with heat accumulation, calculated using the select models, demonstrated that a high fraction of SC and TA variance was explained by the variation of these temperature-based indices. Comparatively to SC and TA, the results highlight that the thermal conditions accumulated from flowering had a lower influence on pH juice variance.

This research study focuses on the evaluation of the total phenolic compounds (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AOA) of strawberries according to different experimental extraction conditions by applying the Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) technique. The experimental data were applied to train ANNs using feed- and cascade-forward backpropagation models with Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) and Bayesian Regulation (BR) algorithms. Three independent variables (solvent concentration, volume/mass ratio and extraction time) were used as ANN inputs, whereas the three variables of total phenolic compounds, DPPH and ABTS antioxidant activities were considered as ANN outputs. The results demonstrate that the best cascade- and feed-forward backpropagation topologies of ANNs for the prediction of total phenolic compounds and DPPH and ABTS antioxidant activity factors were the 3-9-1, 3-4-4-1 and 3-13-10-1 structures, with the training algorithms of trainlm, trainbr, trainlm and threshold functions of tansig-purelin, tansig-tansig-tansig and purelin-tansig-tansig, respectively. The best R2 values for the predication of total phenolic compounds and DPPH and ABTS antioxidant activity factors were 0.9806 (MSE = 0.0047), 0.9651 (MSE = 0.0035) and 0.9756 (MSE = 0.00286), respectively. According to the comparison of ANNs, the results showed that the cascade-forward backpropagation network showed better performance than the feed-forward backpropagation network for predicting the TPC, and the FFBP network, in predicting the DPPH and ABTS antioxidant activity factors, had more precision than the cascade-forward backpropagation network. The ANN technique is a potential method for estimating targeted total phenolic compounds and the antioxidant activity of strawberries.

The global population is ageing at an unprecedented rate. With changes in life expectancy across the world, three major issues arise: an increasing proportion of senior citizens; cognitive and physical problems progressively affecting the elderly; and a growing number of single-person households. The available data proves the ever-increasing necessity for efficient elderly care solutions such as healthcare service and assistive robots. Additionally, such robotic solutions provide safe healthcare assistance in public health emergencies such as the SARS-CoV-2 virus (COVID-19). CHARMIE is an anthropomorphic collaborative healthcare and domestic assistant robot capable of performing generic service tasks in non-standardised healthcare and domestic environment settings. The combination of its hardware and software solutions demonstrates map building and self-localisation, safe navigation through dynamic obstacle detection and avoidance, different human-robot interaction systems, speech and hearing, pose/gesture estimation and household object manipulation. Moreover, CHARMIE performs end-to-end chores in nursing homes, domestic houses, and healthcare facilities. Some examples of these chores are to help users transport items, fall detection, tidying up rooms, user following, and set up a table. The robot can perform a wide range of chores, either independently or collaboratively. CHARMIE provides a generic robotic solution such that older people can live longer, more independent, and healthier lives.

Elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) juice concentrate is highly rich in polyphenols, particularly anthocyanins and flavonols, which have been associated with a wide range of health-promoting properties. Phenolic compounds, in particular anthocyanins, are unstable and may change during storage, which might influence the product color quality and its potential health effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in the polyphenols profile of elderberry juice concentrate produced at an industrial scale during seven months of storage at 5 °C and at room temperature. The total phenolic content, the total monomeric anthocyanins, the percent polymeric color, and the ABTS•+ scavenging activity were monitored over time. In addition, the profile and content of the main individual phenolic compounds were also assessed by HPLC-DAD. The results show that cyanidin-3-O-sambubioside, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, cyanidin-3-O-sambubioside-5-O-glucoside, cyanidin-3,5-O-diglucoside, chlorogenic acid, rutin, and quercetin-3-O-glucoside were the main phenolic compounds identified. Storage at room temperature resulted in a strong reduction in total monomeric anthocyanin content accompanied by an increase in percent polymeric color values. Cyanidin-3-O-sambubioside and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside degraded faster than cyanidin-3,5-O-diglucoside and cyanidin-3-O-sambubioside-5-O-glucoside. Concentration of chlorogenic acid also decreased over storage, whereas rutin and quercetin-3-O-glucoside were quite stable. Storage at 5 °C caused a lower impact on the contents of anthocyanins and chlorogenic acid and the percent polymeric color was not affected. The total phenolic content and the in vitro antioxidant activity remained quite similar over the time, for both temperatures, suggesting that elderberry concentrates still preserve their health benefits of antioxidant capacity after seven months of storage.

O presente trabalho visa demonstrar a violência policial a partir da teoria da seletividade penal. Para tanto, se faz necessário analisar a referida teoria, considerando a conduta dos agentes policiais que resultam na morte de suspeitos, quando no exercício da função, e se esses são imunes ao poder judiciário, isto é, se há negligência por parte do Estado em apurar as mortes e responsabilizar os autores e, consequentemente, em caso de ação penal movida contra os agentes policiais, se há condenação ou se prospera a impunidade desses policiais.

RESUMO: Acessar o ensino superior no Brasil pode ser visto como um relativo sucesso escolar, pois apenas 14% dos jovens o frequentavam em 2009. O objetivo desse artigo foi mapear as condições necessárias a esse sucesso. A metodologia foi quantitativa, baseada nos dados socioeconômicos do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM) 2009/Sistema de Seleção Unificada (SISU) 2010, de forma a buscar os condicionantes do acesso ao ensino superior. O referencial teórico baseou-se no estruturalismo genético e seus desdobramentos na Nova Sociologia da Educação. Os resultados indicam que, apesar de o capital cultural ser importante, como mostra a influência dos indicadores que o operacionalizam (escolaridade dos pais, hábitos de leitura etc.), o capital econômico é determinante sobre as chances de sucesso. Cursos que exigem nota maior para o ingresso filtram candidatos advindos das classes superiores.

We compared the distribution and occurrence of 15 carnivore species with data collected monthly over three years by trained native trackers using both sign surveys and an encounter-based, visual-distance method in a well-preserved region of southern Guyana (Amazon / Guiana Shield). We found that a rigorously applied sign-based method was sufficient to describe the status of most carnivore species populations, including rare species such as jaguar and bush dog. We also found that even when accumulation curves for direct visual encounter data reached an asymptote, customarily an indication that sufficient sampling has occurred to describe populations, animal occurrence and distribution were grossly underestimated relative to the results of sign data. While other researchers have also found that sign are better than encounters or camera traps for large felids, our results are important in documenting the failure of even intensive levels of effort to raise encounter rates sufficiently to enable statistical analysis, and in describing the relationship between encounter and sign data for an entire community of carnivores including felids, canids, procyonids, and mustelids.

Changes can be seen as normal situations within the management process of an organization. Two elements are strong contributors as systematic support: management of change (MOC) and the critical success factors (CSF) for change, which also should desirable to be sustainable. The general goal of this work consists in identifying which CSF are determinant in the organizational change process, in specific in the approach of a Brazilian chemical and petrochemical company’s organizational MOC process in addition to the inclusion of proactive corporate sustainability management through a present scenario diagnosis. The aim of this paper is to identify which are the decisive CSF in the organizational change process, associated to the proactive management of corporate sustainability, through sustainability criteria. The methodology for the research was the case study. Main results identified forty-five CSF related to the organization’s MOC process and the Global Report Initiative (GRI) model as being the most adopted in the world business. Contributions from the literature were identified in CSF in the MOC process within the organization, such as constant and efficient communication process and resources, aiming to incorporate practices to the current organizational change model. Leadership and resources were the most relevant dimensions of CSF identified in the case study. Regarding the understanding of sustainability concepts, it was found among the answerers a vision that emphasizes the environmental dimension, despite social and economic dimensions, as well as gaps in their understanding of sustainability concepts and the connection of this subject with CSF in the MOC

The inclusion of design in corporate strategies has been a recurring research theme, and organizations are using it as strategic element for gaining competitive advantage in the long term. Thus, it becomes evident the need to manage design activities, making use of concepts related to competencies, learning, dynamic capabilities and other aspects. Therefore, this paper aims at investigating what experts think about design management and competencies, joints and intervenient factors in Brazilian fashion industry. In addition, this ar ticle aimed at knowing how design teams are structured and the relationship of these with the organization. The methodology was exploratory, qualitative, through in - depth interviews with ten designers working in Brazilian firms in the fashion industry and four specialists in fashion design. We identify phases and activities of design professional, which are decisive for the design management occurrence in enterprises in apparel industry, identifying the coworkers at each stage of this process.

This study assesses qualitative information from studies that address the problems incurred by agricultural pilots in the execution of their work, which may be related to the occupational health and safety. The aim is to investigate whether the evolution of the technologies used in agricultural aviation is accompanied by an improvement in working conditions. In order to achieve this, it was performed a systematic review through computerized search engines to gather existing information on this subject. Data synthesis included the exposure factors presented in work environment and their relations with occupational health and safety. The main problems associated with the health and safety covered in the studies includes exposure to chemicals, noise exposure and unfavorable thermal conditions, improper use or lack of personal and collective protective equipment, team management and occupational health management. Although they are not treated in more detail, other problems are presented in studies that evaluated the conditions of the work environment. These include training and education, working time management, shocks and vibrations, gravitational forces, personal relationships, weather conditions and pilot’s responsibilities.

During the product development, patents help identify new project opportunities and, if well analyzed, can reveal technical strategies in terms of how countries, companies, and universities link patents and product development. In the context of the agricultural machinery sector there is a complexity in the integration of data from patents with the stages of development conceptions. In this context, the article aims to present how the information obtained from a patent bank can be used for the development of agricultural machinery. As a methodology, the Systematic Bibliographic Review was selected to identify and relate strategies that add value throughout the agricultural machinery project. As a result, research has shown that the use of patent information can assist in the development of agricultural machinery from technical data. In addition, patents are characterized as a valuable source of technological information, as it is inexpensive and capable of feeding a company in its own research activity and in the development of new products. It is concluded that the information from patents, suggested as strategies in the model of agricultural machinery development, allows for managerial and technical decisions aimed at improving products. Finally, the research contributed to fill the information gap between patents and the development of agricultural machinery, a diffusion of data that, if well connected, can promote a competitive differential in companies.

Este artigo tem como tema a construção da paisagem urbana nas séries fotográficas Entre Morros (2010) e Sobre São Paulo (2011) da artista visual brasileira Claudia Jaguaribe. A análise formal e visual desses trabalhos pretende evidenciar tanto as discussões propostas por Jaguaribe sobre a mudança nas paisagens naturais e construídas quanto os procedimentos por meio dos quais a artista faz a imagem enunciar de outra forma um real, problematizando a paisagem como representação nas histórias da pintura e da fotografia. Essa análise se dará no contexto de duas discussões relevantes hoje no campo da comunicação e da arte: o regime de imagens que deixa de ter na mímese seu regulador enunciativo e a questão da paisagem como representação da experiência de lugar na fotografia contemporânea. Com base nas atuais teorias da paisagem nas histórias da arte e da fotografia e na geografia cultural, o texto buscará vincular a produção da artista à construção das imagens de paisagem na pintura e na fotografia através dos panoramas e das fotomontagens pictorialistas. Com isso, espera-se demonstrar como desde o século XIX a paisagem já emerge como problemática de representação, antecipando algumas das questões colocadas pela arte contemporânea.

O portfolio de fotografias que compõe o dossiê Comunicação urbana da Revista ECO-PÓS conta com participação de cinco fotógrafos cujas imagens discutem a vida das cidades, suas questões, histórias e ambiências. Assim como os artigos, essas imagens são também uma forma de refletir sobre a cidade como paisagem ou espaço físico e simbólico que, ao aproximar pessoas e coisas em seus trânsitos e fluxos, cria contato, atrito e experiência, participando ativamente de nossa experiência subjetiva e de comunicação. Fotos de Ana Kemper, AntoÌ‚nio Schubert, Fernando Gonçalves, MaÌrcia Foletto e Vladimir Freire

Cleaner Production is an initiative seeking for achieving sustainable development goals. Yet, it has not been satisfactorily disseminated in Brazilian industries. The purpose of this article was identifying the barriers and critical success factors, considering both the external and internal Brazilian environment. A survey was conducted among the professionals involved with the subject of Cleaner Production in Brazil, reaching 185 respondents. Data was analyzed using the Principal Component Analysis. The results indicated that the main success factors concern the organization characteristics, and are related to culture, strategic planning and resources for the implementation of Cleaner Production. In the case of barriers, it can be highlighted the inadequate vision and culture of organizations, followed by the lack of support from the external environment. Contrary to other studies, economic aspects did not seem to be crucial in the opinion of respondents. When measures that can be taken for a more effective dissemination of CP in Brazil are approached, it can be perceived that a repositioning of the external environment (government, other companies, academia, and consumers) is necessary, acting as a strong incentive and support for applying CP.

Este texto, fruto das observações oriundas de “micro” etnografias realizadas durante estágio de doutorado em Madri, reflete sobre a fotografia, tomada por agentes sociais distintos, de desportistas e espaços desportivos na era digital. Considerando a profusão de imagens e a facilidade de difusão via internet, questiona implicações ético-morais da captura destas e os sentidos da produção, protagonismo e performances. Sugiro haver ‘gosto de class’ e ‘habitus’ a orientar estas práticas. A apropriação da imagem alheia (de ídolos e anônimos) e a exacerbação do individualismo caracterizam este ‘ethos’, cujo perigo reside no uso privado e na publicização inconsequente da vida alheia.

O texto busca discutir as mudanças no estatuto do documento na fotografia na arte contemporânea através da análise dos processos criativos do artista canadense Jeff Wall e suas imagens teatralizadas. Para tanto, o texto não se propõe precipuamente a analisar os trabalhos de Wall, mas, antes, verificar como elas resultam de procedimentos e determinações que nos ajudam a entender, em certa medida, as mudanças pelas quais vêm passando a imagem fotográfica, particularmente no campo da arte. Com isso, buscaremos evidenciar exatamente as problemáticas levantadas hoje para fotografia e que nos permite considera-las também como um problema de comunicação, na medida em que complexifica questões como representação, narrativa e produção de sentido para a experiência na atualidade.

Natural populations are commonly exposed to complex stress scenarios, including anthropogenic contamination and their biological enemies (e.g., parasites). The study of the pollutant-parasite interplay is especially important, given the need for adequate regulations to promote improved ecosystem protection. In this study, a host-parasite model system (Daphnia spp. and the microparasitic yeast Metschnikowia bicuspidata) was used to explore the reciprocal effects of contamination by common agrochemical fungicides (copper sulphate and tebuconazole) and parasite challenge. We conducted 21-day life history experiments with two host clones exposed to copper (0.00, 25.0, 28.8 and 33.1 μg L-1) or tebuconazole (0.00, 154, 192 and 240 μg L-1), in the absence or presence of the parasite. For each contaminant, the experimental design consisted of 2 Daphnia clones × 4 contaminant concentrations × 2 parasite treatments × 20 replicates = 320 experimental units. Copper and tebuconazole decreased Daphnia survival or reproduction, respectively, whilst the parasite strongly reduced host survival. Most importantly, while copper and parasite effects were mostly independent, tebuconazole suppressed infection. In a follow-up experiment, we tested the effect of a lower range of tebuconazole concentrations (0.00, 6.25, 12.5, 25.0, 50.0 and 100 μg L-1) crossed with increasing parasite challenge (2 Daphnia clones × 6 contaminant concentrations × 2 parasite levels × 20 replicates = 480 experimental units). Suppression of infection was confirmed at environmentally relevant concentrations (> 6.25 μg L-1), irrespective of the numbers of parasite challenge. The ecological consequences of such a suppression of infection include interferences in host population dynamics and diversity, as well as community structure and energy flow across the food web, which could upscale to ecosystem level given the important role of parasites.

A produção de novos produtos com a inclusão de nanotecnologias está se tornando cada vez mais presente nos meios produtivos. No entanto, as condições de trabalho em laboratórios que mani- pulam nanomateriais ainda carecem de estudos mais aprofun- dados para perceber os riscos aos quais os laboratoristas estão expostos. Isto porque faltam dados e informações sobre quais são os impactos desses novos materiais sobre a saúde humana, bem como sobre o meio ambiente. Nesse contexto, este artigo objeti- vou identificar entre os profissionais da área de nanotecnologias no Brasil os conhecimentos e os procedimentos sobre Segurança e Saúde no Trabalho (SST) por meio de uma pesquisa survey. A pesquisa abrangeu cinco áreas: área A: percepção sobre as na- notecnologias; área B: percepção das nanotecnologias frente aos riscos e à saúde; área C: regulação externa às instituições sobre nanotecnologias; área D: atividade em laboratórios de pesquisa envolvendo nanotecnologias frente aos riscos e à saúde, dividida em 5 subáreas: D1: contextualização do laboratório; D2: caracte- rização do laboratório; D3: regulação interna (ao laboratório) em relação às nanotecnologias; D4: medidas de controle em relação à saúde dos trabalhadores no laboratório e D5: medidas de preven- ção e controle de riscos oriundos das nanotecnologias no labora- tório e, a quinta e última área, área E: caracterização do respon- dente. Os resultados indicaram que os riscos, embora percebidos, são de maneira geral negligenciados. Por outro lado, as ações de segurança e saúde no trabalho são limitadas e parecem carecer de apoio técnico especializado.

O artigo discute as condições de individuação da chamada fotografia contemporânea a partir do exame da noção de anacronismo em diferentes autores e de obras de artistas como Jeff Wall e Cindy Sherman. A construção da discursividade visual na arte como questão de comunicação é formulada através da ideia de que haveria uma inatualidade em certas imagens do presente, percebida pelos traços persistentes de questões e de imagens de outros tempos, particularmente relativos à história da arte. A pertinência de se pensar a experiência do fotográfico na arte reside nas contribuições que esta apresenta para se discutir aspectos propriamente comunicativos da fotografia, particularmente a representação e as operações que nela ordenam o visível e mediam nossas relações com o mundo através da imagem.

This paper discusses the individuation conditions of the so-called contemporary photography by examining the notion of anachronism in different artworks and authors as Jeff Wall and Cindy Sherman. The construction of visual discursivity in art as a matter of communication comes from the idea that it would exist, in nowadays particular images, an unpresentness perceivable through persistent pictorial traces and issues of other times, particularly in art history. The relevance of thinking on the experience of photography in art points to its contributions for discussing communicative aspects of photography, mostly the representation that order the visible, as well as their operations that mediate our relationship with the world through the image.