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Background:Therapeutic options for ulcerative colitis (UC) have increased since the introduction of biologics a few decades ago. Due to the wide range of biologics available, physicians have difficulty in selecting biologics and do not know how to balance the best drug between clinical efficacy and safety. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of biologics in treating ulcerative colitis. Methods: In this study, eight electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, Embase, Sinomed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chongqing VIP Information, and WanFang Data) were searched to collect eligible studies without language restrictions. Retrieved 6 September 2022, from inception. All articles included in the mesh analysis are randomised controlled trials (RCTs). The inclusion of drugs for each outcome was ranked using a curved surface under cumulative ranking (SUCRA). Higher SUCRA scores were associated with better outcomes, whereas lower SUCRA scores were associated with better safety. This study has registered with PROSPERO, CRD42023389483. Results: A total of 25 RCTs, including 7595 patients, were included in this network meta-analysis. PF-00547659 ranked the highest in clinical remission among pure biologics (SUCRA 73.6%) and also ranked third in mucosal healing (SUCRA 74.1%), while adalimumab ranked highest in clinical response (SUCRA 94.9%). Infliximab ranked highest in endoscopy improvement (SUCRA 83.9%). BMS-936557 ranked second lowest in terms of adverse events (30.8% SUCRA) and severe adverse events (20.5% SUCRA). Conclusion: By indirect comparison, PF-00547659, adalimumab and infliximab were effective biological agents in UC patients. Further studies are required to evaluate their short- and long-term efficacy and safety.

Tropical disturbances play an important role in the formation of tropical cyclones (TCs), but their climate characteristics are still poorly understood. The present study investigated the characteristics of tropical disturbances over the western North Pacific (WNP) for the period 1965–2020 using the reanalysis datasets. An algorithm based on the threshold of synoptic-scale vorticity and convection was developed to identify and track tropical disturbances. Approximately 116 tropical disturbances were detected primitively in the WNP from June to November each year, and about 13.1% of them subsequently developed into TCs. These developing disturbances contributed to the formation of 80.9% TCs in the WNP. Compared with nondeveloping disturbances, the position of developing disturbances is more eastward and southward, whereas the majority of their lifetimes and propagation speeds are similar. The annual numbers of developing disturbances exhibit significant interannual (interdecadal) variability. The percentage of TCs associated with disturbances also experiences a significant inverse interdecadal relationship with the number of TC genesis in the WNP, indicating that the formation probability of TCs is inconsistent with the transition probability from disturbances to TCs. In addition, the long-term trends of developing and nondeveloping disturbances suggest that global warming might be responsible for more tropical disturbances in the WNP instead of higher transition probability from disturbances to TCs.

Information system data transmission delays, packet loss, and bit errors will cause the information collected by the distribution network control center to deviate from the true value, and as the information failure problem intensifies, the original optimized control strategy cannot meet actual needs. A predictive control method considering the information failure of the distribution network under the cyber-physical fusion system is proposed. Aiming at the information failure problem in CPS, the information elements, routing model and link model are established. Then, combining with the real-time dispatching process of distribution network, a coordination optimization model of active distribution network considering information failure is proposed to minimize the cost. Predictive control model is used to adjust various distributed energy sources. Finally, through the simulation analysis of the improved IEEE33-node distribution network, the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified, and the difference of different information failure cases is analyzed.

Dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin (DHMEQ) which is originally developed as an analog of antibiotic epoxyquinomicin C is a specific and potent inhibitor of NF-κB and has been shown to possess promising potential as an anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor agent.This study examines DHMEQ's effect on therapeutic potential for atopic dermatitis (AD)-like lesions.AD lesions were chronically induced by the repetitive and alternative application of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) and oxazolone (OX) on ears in BALB/c mice. The mice were then externally treated with DHMEQ ointment. Macroscopic and microscopic changes of the skin lesions were observed and recorded.DHMEQ inhibited ear swelling and relieved clinical symptoms of the AD-like lesions induced by DNCB/OX in BALB/c mice. Histopathology examination illustrated that it significantly decreased DNCB/OX-induced epidermal thickness, the infiltration of inflammatory cells, and the count of mast cell. The elevated level of immunoglobulin E (IgE) in serum and the mRNA levels of interferon γ (IFN-γ), interleukin 4 (IL-4) and IL-13 in the ear tissues, were also suppressed by DHMEQ.This study indicated that DHMEQ would be useful for the treatment of AD.

Overexpression of the MYC oncogene is a molecular hallmark of both cancer initiation and progression. Targeting MYC is a logical and effective cancer therapeutic strategy. A special DNA secondary structure, the G-quadruplex (G4), is formed within the nuclease hypersensitivity element III1 (NHE III1) region, located upstream of the MYC gene's P1 promoter that drives the majority of its transcription. Targeting such G4 structures has been a focus of anticancer therapies in recent decades. Thus, a comprehensive review of the MYC G4 structure and its role as a potential therapeutic target is timely. In this review, we first outline the discovery of the MYC G4 structure and evidence of its formation in vitro and in cells. Then, we describe the functional role of G4 in regulating MYC gene expression. We also summarize three types of MYC G4-interacting proteins that can promote, stabilize and unwind G4 structures. Finally, we discuss G4-binding molecules and the anticancer activities of G4-stabilizing ligands, including small molecular compounds and peptides, and assess their potential as novel anticancer therapeutics.

This study is aimed to investigate whether Mabuterol (Mab) inhibits proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) induced by platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) and how far it is related to mitochondrial fission/fusion and intracellular calcium if it comes into play. To explore the mechanism of Mab's antagonizing the proliferation, Mdivi-1, DRP1 inhibitor, which has an inhibitory effect on mitochondrial fission, is used to compare with Mab. Cell viability was measured by either MTT or CCK-8. The inhibitory effect of Mab on S phase of ASM cell cycle induced by PDGF-BB was analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). Fluo-3/AM, Ca

Pu-erh tea has become a focus of research due to its reported biological activities, including anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation and anti-immunosenescence. The present study was performed to evaluate the potential gastroprotective function of Pu-erh tea extracts against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage in rats. Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into seven groups: A normal control, a model control, a cimetidine (0.08 g/kg) group, three Pu-erh tea extracts groups (low, moderate and high-dose; 0.50, 1.00 and 1.50 g/kg, respectively, and a green tea powder (1.00 g/kg) group. The normal and model groups were pre-treated with distilled water while the other groups were respectively administered cimetidine, Pu-erh tea extracts and green tea powder for 14 days. Then, absolute ethanol was orally administered to the rats of all groups excluding the normal controls. The effects of the pretreatments on gastric mucosal injury were evaluated by gross assessment of gastric lesions, examination of histopathology and determination of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and asymmetric arginine (ADMA) concentration in gastric mucosal homogenate. Pre-treatment with cimetidine or Pu-erh tea extracts markedly suppressed the formation of ethanol-induced gastric lesions. Furthermore, clear decreases in MPO activity and ADMA concentration in the gastric mucosal homogenate were observed following pretreatment with cimetidine or Pu-erh tea extracts. The anti-gastric ulcer activity of green tea was less than that of Pu-erh tea. Overall, these effects of Pu-erh tea extracts may be due to potential functions in protecting the gastric mucus layer and suppressing inflammation.

Nefopam, an analgesic drug, effectively elicits antinociception in the majority of noxious and thermal models in rodents. Acetaminophen is among the most commonly used analgesic and antipyretic drugs worldwide, either on prescription or over the counter. The present study aimed to investigate the analgesic activity of nefopam combined with acetaminophen, which was expected to maximize the potency of analgesia and decrease the dose of nefopam required. Three series of experiments, namely acetic acid-induced writhing tests in mice, hot plate tests in mice and tail flick tests in rats, were used to evaluate the analgesic effect. Initially, an optimum proportion of the two drugs, 3.5 mg/kg nefopam (N) + 60 mg/kg acetaminophen (A), was determined by orthogonal array design based on writhing response number. Subsequently, combinations of N and A (1.75 N + 30 A, 3.5 N + 60 A and 7.0 N + 120 A mg/kg) were determined to elicit antinociception in the writhing test (P