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ObjectiveThis study investigated the diagnostic performance of the thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT), plasmin-α2 plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC), tissue plasminogen activator-plasminogen activator inhibitor complex (t-PAIC), and thrombomodulin (TM) in the early identification of massive cerebral infarction.MethodA total of 423 patients with cerebral infarction confirmed by imaging examination were divided into the massive cerebral infarction (MCI) group and the non-massive cerebral infarction (NMCI) group. TAT, PIC, t-PAIC, and TM were measured immediately after admission. The diagnostic performance was analyzed by the receiver characteristic operating curve (ROC).ResultThe median plasma concentrations of TAT, PIC, and t-PAIC in patients with MCI at early onset were 5.10 ng/ml, 1.11 μg/ml, and 8.80 ng/ml, respectively, which were higher than those in patients with NMCI (2.20 ng/ml, 0.59 μg/ml, and 7.35 ng/ml), and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001). TAT was shown to be an independent risk factor for the development of massive cerebral infarction by a multivariate logistic regression analysis (OR = 1.138). A ROC curve analysis showed that PIC had the best performance in identifying MCI at an early stage (AUC = 82.8%), with a sensitivity of 80.7% and a specificity of 76.2% when the PIC concentration was ≥0.8 μg/ml; TAT had the highest specificity in identifying MCI, with a specificity of 80.6% when the TAT concentration was ≥3.97 ng/ml.ConclusionThe detection of PIC, TAT, t-PAIC, and TM is a comprehensive assessment of vascular endothelial damage and activation of the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems and has diagnostic value for early identification of patients with MCI, which, together with its ease of detection, can be used as a plasma marker for early identification of large vessel occlusion.

Disseminated Rhizomucor pusillus infection is a very rare but fatal complication in immunocompromised patients, because of aggressive clinical process with delayed diagnosis by routine laboratory tests. Recently, cell-free DNA next-generation sequencing (cfDNA NGS) has been used for the timely detection of infectious pathogens including mucormycosis. Herein, we described an 18-year-old male with Philadelphia-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia who received a timely diagnosis of R. pusillus infection by cell-free DNA next-generation sequencing, and confirmed by silver staining and qPCR on biopsy tissue. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first case of disseminated R. pusillus infection detected by cfDNA NGS and confirmed by histology in an adult leukemia patient. In addition, this case was supposed to be the most extensive R. pusillus infection diagnosed, involving the lung, skin, liver, kidney, spleen and brain, and the only one case who survived the infection had a favorable outcome through treatment with liposome amphotericin B sequential posaconazole. This case suggested that cfDNA NGS could be used to successfully detect rare pathogen infections, and this was especially important for R. pusillus because timely diagnosis and effective treatment could improve the prognosis of this kind of patient.

The reaction between HONO and HCl is a possible pathway for the generation of ClNO, which is prone to photolyze, produce chlorine radicals, and accelerate the oxidation of tropospheric VOCs.

Ustekinumab (brand name Stelara®) is a human interleukin-12 and -23 antagonist and has been indicated for the treatments of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. This review aims to synthesize and interpret the literature evaluating the off-label uses of ustekinumab. We performed searches in PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov for clinical trials, observational studies, case series, and case reports evaluating label uses of ustekinumab. Studies evaluated the efficacy of ustekinumab for the following conditions: other types of psoriasis (expect plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis), pityriasis rubra pilaris, hidradenitis suppurativa, atopic dermatitis, pyoderma gangrenosum, et al. Based on the available literature, ustekinumab appears to be a potential treatment choice for many other diseases. However, more clinical trials data are needed to adequately assess the safety and efficacy of ustekinumab for the treatment of these conditions.

In this paper, we reported a coumarin-based fluorescent probe for selective detection of H

Background Candida albicans, the main human fungal pathogen, can cause fungal infection and seriously affect people's health and life. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ritonavir (RIT) on C. albicans and the correlation between SAP2 as well as ERG11 and drug resistance. Results Secreted aspartyl proteinases (Saps) activities and pathogenicity of C. albicans with different drug resistance were measured. M27‐A4 broth microdilution method was used to analyze the drug sensitivity of RIT combined with fluconazole (FCA) on C. albicans. After that, SAP2 and ERG11 mutations were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing, and quantitative real‐time PCR was utilized to determine the expression of the two genes. By analyzing pz values, the Saps activity of cross‐resistant strains was the highest, followed by voriconazole (VRC)‐resistant strains, FCA‐resistant strains, itraconazole (ITR)‐resistant strains, and sensitive strains. The pathogenicity of C. albicans in descending order was as follows: cross‐resistant strains, VRC‐resistant strains, ITR‐resistant strains, FCA‐resistant strains, and sensitive strains. With the increase of RIT concentrations, the Saps activity was gradually inhibited. Drug sensitivity results showed that there was no synergistic effect between RIT and FCA. Additionally, no gene mutation sites were found in SAP2 sequencing, and 17 synonymous mutations and 6 missense mutations occurred in ERG11 sequencing. Finally, the expression of SAP2 and ERG11 was significantly higher in the resistant strains compared with the sensitive strains, and there was a positive liner correlation between SAP2 and ERG11 messenger RNA expression (r = .6655, p, These findings may help to improve our understanding of azole‐resistant mechanisms of C. albicans and provide a novel direction for clinical therapeutics of C. albicans infection.

The reaction between HONO and HCl is a possible pathway for the generation of ClNO, which is prone to photolyze, produce chlorine radicals, and accelerate the oxidation of tropospheric VOCs. Current experimental and theoretical studies have significant differences in rate constants under similar conditions. This study aims to examine the reasons for this difference. In this study, the effects of a single water molecule, water dimer, water trimer, excess HCl and excess HONO on the reaction mechanism of HONO + HCl were studied at the CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVTZ//M06-2X/6-311+G(2df,2p) level and the rate constants of each reaction channel were calculated. Our results showed that the reaction potential barrier of HONO with HCl was the lowest only when the water dimer was present, and the reaction rate constants were close to the experimental results, and both the

Physical violence (PV) against children by parents is a worldwide public health concern. Fewer studies explored the prevalence of PV in rural areas of China. We conducted a cross-sectional survey among primary school students' parents in five rural schools located in a town of Shandong Province. Data about parental PV behaviors against their children during the past 3 months and possible risk factors of parental PV behaviors were collected. Logistic regression analyses were carried out to investigate the risk factors of parental PV behaviors against their children. Of the 978 parents investigated, the parental self-reported prevalence of PV against their children was 50.0%. Parents' favorable attitudes toward the use of corporal punishment to discipline children were found to be associated with their increased use of PV. The findings of higher prevalence of parental PV behaviors against children identified in this sample suggests the need for programs aimed at improving parents' parenting skills in this rural area of China.

The advent of lidar has revolutionized the way we observe and measure vegetation structure from the ground and from above and represents a major advance toward the quantification of 3D ecological observations. Developments in lidar hardware systems and data processing algorithms have greatly improved the accessibility and ease of use of lidar observations in ecological studies. A wide range of studies has been devoted to accurately measuring and modeling vegetation structural and functional attributes from lidar data across a range of spatial scales (from individual organs to global scales) and ecosystem types (e.g., forest, agricultural, grassland, and urban ecosystems).

With the rapid development of modern medical technology and imaging technology, neuromyelitis optica has attracted more and more attention of medical workers. However, this central nervous disease, which affects the optic nerve and spinal cord, still afflicts many people. And the recurrence rate of this disease is very high, so that many patients become disabled, it is difficult to fundamentally cure. In this paper, according to the imaging characteristics and clinical manifestations of neuromyelitis optica, we collected experimental samples and related data of neuromyelitis optica patients in the Department of Neurology of our hospital. We selected 60 patients who were diagnosed as the research object of this paper, analyzed the relevant situation of brain lesions of neuromyelitis optica, and discussed their age, gender, first symptom, and shadow imaging features and clinical manifestations. This article hopes to analyze the imaging features and clinical manifestations of neuromyelitis optica brain lesions, use clinical features with differentiating evidence to guide clinical diagnosis, and effectively reduce the probability of clinical misdiagnosis. In addition, 20 patients were randomly followed up to understand their remaining symptoms and recurrence. The results of autoantibodies associated with other autoimmune diseases are more likely to be associated with other autoimmune diseases. Brain, skin, subcutaneous, and brain injuries can be areas with multiple sclerosis characteristics different from myositis. Patients with neuromyelitis optica do not have the special phenomenon of lesions perpendicular to the lateral ventricle. The medulla oblongata, pontine, and paraventricular involvement were the most common imaging features, and were also found in the fourth ventricle, around the aqueduct, basal ganglia, and corpus callosum.

Besides geography and climate, biological factors play an important role in shaping travertine landforms, but the biochemical mechanisms of microbial processes in travertine formation have been rarely studied. Two psychrophilic bacterial strains, A20-18 and B21-3 of Pseudomonas psychrophila, isolated from travertine pools of Huanglong, a typical alpine travertine landform, were investigated for their roles in calcium carbonate mineralization, including the deposition process and products. X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the crystal phase and morphology of CaCO3 precipitation. The results showed that there were no significant differences between the two strains in CaCO3 deposition rate. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS)-free cells significantly inhibited calcification, compared with a control. Irregular crystals and polyhedral structures are common to all treatments using the two strains. These complex polycrystals were the result of the synergistic effect of homogeneous nucleation and heterogeneous nucleation. EPS and cells of strain B21-3 formed ring-like structures of calcium carbonate, which was possibly from the amphiphilic polymer forming a circular arrangement in water. These results are significant for understanding the microbial factor in Huanglong travertine deposition and providing new insights into the morphological control of the biomineralization mechanism at low temperatures.

Based on the advantages of the silicone graphene composite thermal insulation board, it was used to replace traditional plywood in the external wall formwork system, and the active embedded steel wire knot form in silicone graphene composite thermal insulation structure integrated system was designed. Firstly, the theoretical model of steel wire drawing resistance was established by theoretical analysis method, and the rationality of the theoretical model was verified by combining relevant experimental data. The relationship between multiple variables and steel wire pull-out resistance was analyzed. Then, combined with the theory of wind pressure strength of the exterior wall of a building structure, the layout form and the corresponding number of embedded steel wires of thermal insulation board under different building heights were analyzed. Finally, the silicone graphene composite thermal insulation board and ordinary plywood were compared and analyzed from the force of perspective of external wall formwork. The results showed that the pull-out resistance of steel wire was directly proportional to the diameter of steel wire, embedded depth, and embedded deflection angle. With the increase of building height, the number of steel wires to be arranged also increased. When the thickness of the silicone graphene composite thermal insulation board is not less than 80 mm, the anti-deformation effect is close to that of the ordinary plywood, which can meet the construction requirements of the external wall formwork. It can ensure the energy conservation and thermal insulation of the external wall, integrate the building’s exterior wall and thermal insulation structure of the building, and achieve the purpose of exemption from formwork removal.

Background To probe into the relationship between traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) different dialectical types of essential hypertension and carotid artery hemodynamics. Methods According to TCM, different dialectical types, 189 patients suffering from essential hypertension were divided into five type groups by two deputy chief physicians of TCM, according to TCM diagnosis and treatment guide for hypertension prepared by the Chinese society of TCM in 2011. A total of 189 patients were examined by transcranial color doppler (TCD) and compared with 47 normal subjects. The measuring target included middle cerebral artery (MCA) and anterior cerebral artery (ACA), recording the average blood flow velocity (Vm) and vascular pulse index (PI). Results In MCAVm and ACAVm, hyperpyrexia of liver syndrome showed unique advantages and positive correlation. In MCAPI and ACAPI, internal block because of phlegm dampness, stasis syndrome, deficiency of qi and blood syndrome, and internal block because of blood stasis syndrome had advantages and positive correlation, and the above three groups were not statistically significant. Conclusions Our study determined different dialectical types and objective material foundations of TCM in hypertension, correlating with carotid artery hemodynamics. Also, dialectical treatment would reduce the cerebrovascular accident.

Renal fibrosis is characterized by the proliferation of renal intrinsic cells, activation of renal interstitial fibroblasts and deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM), processes that lead to the progressive loss of renal function. Renal fibrosis is characterized by the proliferation of renal intrinsic cells, activation of renal interstitial fibroblasts, and septal fibrosis is recognized as a marker for the progression of chronic kidney disease, a condition that is associated with high morbidity and mortality and is a significant public health burden. Despite extensive studies, there are no effective treatments for renal fibrosis. Adiponectin (APN) is a protein mainly produced by adipocytes that has anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic effects, improves insulin resistance and provides other salutary effects. Recent studies found that APN can inhibit ECM deposition by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress, and by regulating the TGF-β, AMPK, MCP-1 and other signalling pathways. Many recent studies have examined the roles of these pathways in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis. In this article, we review the pathogenic mechanism of APN in renal fibrosis and provide a theoretical basis for delaying and blocking renal fibrosis by alteration of APN activity.

We reported the specific fluorescent probe (MC-BOD-XDS) with two-steps reaction based on monosulfanyl-coumarin-BODIPY for selective detection of cysteine, high activity sulfanyl-coumarin as the multiple reaction group instead of a group internal standard fluorophore. The reaction mechanism of MC-BOD-XDS for detecting cysteine was different from the reported probes about the nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction (SNAr) of chlorinated BODIPY. The fluorescent color of MC-BOD-XDS changed from yellow to red, and then to orange. The linear calibration diagram showed that it can potentially be used for quantitatively detection of Cys. Its potential applications were demonstrated by employing it for detection of Cys in artificial urine and in fluorescent imaging in HeLa cells.

We aimed to investigate the effects of placebo on the first-night effect (FNE) in insomniacs.In sum, 36 patients with insomnia disorder who met the DSM-5 criteria were enrolled in this study. Sixteen patients with insomnia disorder were given two days of placebo intervention (placebo-administration group, PL). Twenty patients with insomnia disorder (drug-free group, DF) were not given any interventions. All participants underwent two consecutive nights of polysomnographic (PSG) testing in the sleep laboratory. Sleep diaries were recorded during one week at home before the PSG nights and on two subsequent nights.The results demonstrated that compared with the DF group, sleep onset latency (SOL), time in bed (TIB) and wake after sleep onset (WASO) significantly increased and sleep efficiency (SE) significantly decreased in the first sleep lab night in the PL group (all p 0.05). Moreover, compared with the second night, significant differences were observed in lower self-reported total sleep time (TST) and more subjective WASO during the first night in the PL group (all p 0.05). However, no significant difference was found in the duration and percentage of N1, N2, N3 and REM between the two groups.In patients with insomnia disorder, placebo administration may increase the occurrence of worse sleep without causing a change in the duration and percentage of N1, N2, N3 and REM on the first sleep lab night. In some cases, a placebo may not serve as treatment but may result in a nocebo effect.

Minimizing the impact of radiation-induced degradation in dilute nitride based optoelectronic devices is crucial in its applications. The effects of 1-MeV electron irradiation (of 1 × 1014–1 × 1016 e/cm2 range) on undoped GaInNAs|GaAs single quantum-well (QW) structure has been studied by low-temperature photoluminescence (PL). PL spectra of GaInNAs|GaAs QW are measured before and after electron irradiation. The results show a slight enhancement of the PL intensity in relatively low electron fluence, and then subsequent deterioration of PL with the increase of cumulative electron fluences. The enhancement in PL intensity at low electron doses is explained by recombination-enhanced defect reaction model, and the degradation at high electron doses is explained by irradiation-induced defects in the lattice.

The accuracy of ground-based synthetic aperture radar (GB-SAR) interferometry is highly affected by the atmospheric phase screen (APS). A multiple-regression model (MRM) for APS estimation with two parameters (line of sight (LOS) distance and the height difference between the targets and the GB-SAR sensor) was proposed. However, this MRM is inapplicable if the LOS deformation of the observed objects has similar behavior to that of the APS. For example, both the APS and the LOS deformation of observed objects can have an increasing trend along the LOS direction. In this article, an improved MRM (IMRM) that considers the spatial pattern of the LOS deformation of observed objects was proposed. The spatial pattern can be expressed by the location information of the observed objects. The applicability of this improved model was demonstrated in a deformation-measured campaign carried out on a high loess cut slope using 285 images obtained by the GB-SAR sensor during a three-day measurement. The similarity and dissimilarity between the APS and the behavior of the LOS deformation of the slope were illustrated and used to estimate the APS. The accuracy of this IMRM was verified using deformation data measured by a displacement meter. This IMRM will be helpful in APS estimation and compensation in GB-SAR interferometry in case studies where the APS and the LOS deformation of observed objects have similar behavior.

BackgroundDreams can be affected by recent life events and long-term life experiences. Previous evidence has shown that childhood adverse experiences are associated with sleep quality and dream experiences.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to explore the relationship between childhood adverse experiences and dream content in adults.Participants and SettingA total of 163 participants without current or past physical or mental disorders aged between 18 and 35 were screened in the hospital. Among them, 120 subjects who completed a dream content record at home and whose anxiety and depression levels and sleep quality were within the normal range were included in the data analysis.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted from June 2017 to December 2019. Dream content for 10 consecutive days was recorded by the participants and coded by the Hall and Van de Castle coding system. Childhood adversity was assessed by the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). In the end, 719 dreams out of 626 nights for 120 participants (44 female) were included in the data analysis, gender differences between groups were analyzed usingt-tests orUtests, and Spearman’s partial correlation and multiple linear regression were used to investigate the relationship between childhood trauma and dream content.ResultsChildhood adversity was associated with characters, friendly interactions, and objects in dream content. Regression models of childhood adversity predicting characters and objects in dream content were constructed. There were no gender differences in general demographic data, sleep quality, emotional state, childhood adversity, dream recall frequency, or dream content.ConclusionChildhood adversity is associated with adult dream content.

The treatment of chronic stable heart failure (CSHF) with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine has been of wide concern. We mainly discuss the clinical efficacy of TCM decoction combined with acupuncture and moxibustion (AM) in CSHF treatment on the basis of syndrome differentiation and treatment (SDT). The control group was given conventional cardiac rehabilitation (CCR), and the treatment group was given TCM decoction combined with AM treatment based on SDT on the basis of conventional cardiac rehabilitation. The clinical efficacy and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) indicators were evaluated. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), NT-proBNP, myocardial ischemia threshold (MIT), and 6-minute walking distance (6MWD) were measured by ultrasound, ELISA, electrocardiogram, and 6MWD test. After treatment, the clinical efficacy, LVEF, and 6MWD of the treatment group were better than in the control group. The NT-proBNP plasma level and MIT in the treatment group were lower than in the control group. The treatment group had enhanced AT, VO

Course scheduling is closely related to the allocation of teaching resources in colleges and universities, which is an important problem in teaching tasks. It belongs to the NP-complete problem of typical combinatorial optimization, which needs to consider many constraints. Based on the learning of various algorithms and usage feedback of existing scheduling systems, this paper adopts a genetic algorithm which can flexibly consider constraints and has a huge optimization space to construct a course scheduling system. In the system, we design a special fitness function and use the value of this function to measure the degree that the scheduling result of a certain course satisfies the constraint. At the same time, the design of fitness function facilitates the addition of more constraints. In addition, we add a roulette algorithm with skip and filter functions to make the matching of Course-Teacher-Class and locations more reasonable. In conclusion, through the improved genetic algorithm, the system has accomplished many works, such as the convenient addition of constraints, the reduction of data space complexity and the optimization of chromosome genetic strategy. As a result, we realize a widely used course scheduling system, which is conducive to the efficient development of teaching work.

Intelligent warehouse management system (IWMS) attracts lots of interest by increasing the productivity and efficiency, minimizing the number of human workers and decreasing errors. As an important part of IWMS, warehouse portal in-out registration still face with enormous challenge. Usually, multiple UHF RFID reader antennas are installed on the portal, in-out registration can be performed by estimating the locations of RFID tags which are attached on the goods. Even though the precise localization accuracy is not required, it's still hard to distinguish the import and export directions. In this paper, we analyzed the fluctuation of received signal strength indicator (RSSI) backscattered from the RFID tags and proposed a movement direction judging method based on double-tag with an exact spacing distance. Experimental results have shown that the double-tag method can distinguish the moving direction exactly in portal environments and realize efficient in-out registration.

RF signals are vulnerable to multipath, noise and interference. Most localization algorithms are trying to create a similarity based relationship between RF signal measurements and propagation distance or tag location. So it's a huge challenge to realize precise localization for real applications. In this paper, we propose a novel passive UHF RFID tag localization algorithm based on RF signal fluctuation, FBL algorithm. Not considering similarity, we use signal fluctuation as the neighboring criteria. According to our experimental results, with a metal shelf covered with multiple fixed tags, FBL algorithm can estimate 15 grid-level locations with an average error of about 32 cm. As the grid spacing distance was about 35 cm and the accuracy of traditional k nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm was about 72 cm, the results showed that FBL algorithm significantly reduced the location estimation error.

Minimizing the power consumption of the belt conveyor is the common wish of all enterprises and even countries. Among all the resistances generated by the belt conveyor during the operation, the indentation rolling resistance accounts for the largest proportion and the power consumed is the largest. Therefore, accurately predicting and reducing the rolling resistance of indentation is the focus of current research. Firstly, based on the three-element Maxwell solid model, the dynamic loading experiments of cylindrical rubber made of conveyor belt cover material were carried out at different temperatures. The identification models of elastic moduli E2 and E3 and viscosity coefficient η2 in the three-element Maxwell model were obtained, and then the fitting functions of the three parameters were gotten, which can intuitively reflect the influence of temperature. Secondly, the mathematical model of the indentation rolling resistance was derived. The mathematical model is characterized by the direct parameters such as belt speed v, thickness of backing material h, the idler radius R, and the rubber viscoelastic parameters E2, E3, and η2 and the indirect parameters such as normal force P and temperature T. Afterwards, the effects of belt speed, normal force, temperature, idler radius, and thickness of underlay on the indentation rolling resistance were studied under different working conditions. After that, experimental testing and analysis were fulfilled using test equipment and compared with theoretical analysis results. The results prove that the theoretical results are basically consistent with the experimental results, in line with the actual engineering rules. Finally, the application of the results in practical engineering was analyzed superficially.

In the last few decades, the recovery of and exploration for shale gas has increased. This has led to increased interest in the mechanical characterization of shale formations as relates to enhancing the conductivity of such formations. Characterization and modeling of these materials typically assumes transverse isotropy associated with the direction of bedding, despite some studies showing anisotropy in these materials. In this work, we evaluate the validity of transverse isotropy for the Longmaxi Shale Formation, which has been targeted for shale gas exploration in China. This evaluation is done through analysis of the macro- and microstructure distribution, confined triaxial tests, and compression and shear wave velocity measurements. These tests were performed parallel and perpendicular to the bedding and in the directions interpreted as the tectonic principal stresses. The effect of tectonic stress on shale anisotropy is also discussed. We found that the assumption of transverse isotropy for the mechanical behavior of the Longmaxi Shale might not be adequate under low confinement stresses. The trends in the measured behavior suggest that transverse isotropy might provide adequate estimations as confinement increases. The data also suggest that tectonic stresses affected the Longmaxi Shale rock mass characteristics at the study site in terms of macro- and microstructure, as well as mechanical properties. The results also indicate that isotropic rocks may show anisotropy in subsurface engineering. Directing more attention to the possible mechanical differences in the field may provide implications for engineering safety.

In this study, piezoelectric energy harvesting using depressions in roads generated by traffic loads was investigated theoretically and experimentally. The elastic double-layer plate model was used...

Target size is an important indicator for reconstructing the contour of the radar target. Early accurate prediction of target size is beneficial for subsequent target evaluation. In our paper, we propose a method to predict the target size for radar target using machine learning based on its monostatic Radar Cross Section (RCS). Our prediction scheme comprises a deep neural network (DNN) model with a multi-hidden layer. The experimental results show that the proposed approach achieves 100% prediction accuracies for the height and radius values of the cylinder target.

Aiming at the problem that the previous tubular target leak detection method is not sensitive to small leakage and slow leakage and false alarm caused by external interference is not strong, tubular target leakage detection method based on deep learning is proposed. Firstly, the target detection network YOLO3 model is used to detect the tubular target in optical images. By analyzing the test results, the YOLO3 based tubular target leakage detection network is optimized and improved from three aspects: data set expansion, detection mode and network structure. Including: 1) using data transformation using rotation transformation, color dithering, zoom transformation, shift transformation and flip transformation on the data set; 2) according to the characteristics of the tubular target images, the detection method of polygon frame selection is used; 3) simplifying the network structure of the detection and output part. Finally, the improved network is trained and verified. The experimental results show that compared with the YOLO3 network model, the recognition accuracy and recall rate of the tubular target and the leaked area are greatly improved, and the average detection time is also reduced.

Deep learning methods have been more and more widely applied in the field of target detection. As an important part of deep learning target detection, non-maximum suppression is used to eliminate redundant detection bounding boxes generated during target detection and find out the optimal target boundary boxes, so as to speed up detection efficiency and improve detection accuracy. This article first introduces the related concepts and computational principles of traditional non-maximum suppression algorithm, and points out its problems. Based on this, the Soft-NMS, Softer-NMS, IOU-Guided NMS, Adaptive NMS and DIOU-NMS, a total of 5 kinds of improved maximum suppression algorithm principle is introduced and comparative analysis. And then we summarize the advantages and disadvantages of various algorithms. Finally, in view of the common problems existing in each algorithm, this paper points out the direction for improvement of non- maximum suppression algorithm, and provides technical reference and support for researchers in related fields.

Besides geography and climate, biological factors play an important role in shaping travertine landforms, but the biochemical mechanisms of microbial processes in travertine formation have been rarely studied. Two psychrophilic bacterial strains, A20-18 and B21-3 of

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung's disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung's disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middle-income countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p

Limited clinical studies are available on early exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation in elderly acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients.To evaluate the effect of aerobic exercise on exercise capacity and quality of life (QoL) in such patients.Seventy elderly patients with ACS undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention in Zhejiang Hospital during August 2016-June 2017 were randomly divided into the control (n = 35) or cardiac rehabilitation group (CR, n = 35). The control group was treated with standard medical treatments without exercise, whereas the CR group was treated with standard medical treatments and exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation. General information, cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) results, responses to QoL and mental health questionnaires, and clinical outcomes and safety were collected.The CR group safely finished CPET and the 12-week exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation. After the 12-week intervention, the CR group showed significant differences in maximal oxygen uptake (VOCPET-based exercise in cardiac rehabilitation can safely increase exercise capacity and QoL in such patients.

This paper aims to solve the problem of automatic detection of rice leaf lesions in natural scenes using deep learning techniques. In this paper, the Linknet full convolutional network was built to train the segmentation model. The network compensates the lost spatial information in the feature extraction process through the short connection structure between downsampling and corresponding upsampling. The model takes rice canopy RGB image as input and then output binarized lesion segmentation image. Then considered with the distribution characteristics of lesion spots, the loss function of the origin model was replaced with Focal loss function, which further improved the segmentation accuracy of the model. The average precision and recall have respectively achieved 98.55% and 98.64% on validate data set, and the average false positive rate has reduced to 1.36%, which has a better segmentation performance. It creates a good precondition for automatic identification of leaves diseases.

A series of shaking table tests were conducted on reinforced slopes to study the slope dynamic characteristics. The influence of concrete-canvas tilt degrees on the seismic response was studied. By considering the effects of different concrete-canvas tilt degrees, the seismic responses of the reinforced slopes were analyzed, along with the accelerations, crest settlements, and horizontal displacements. The failure patterns of different model slopes were compared using white coral sand marks placed at designated elevations to monitor the internal slide of the reinforced slopes. Several round markers were placed on the slope surface to compare the deformation before and after shaking with different amplitudes. The results indicated that with the increase in concrete-canvas tilt degrees, a better reinforcing effect was obtained, and 30° reinforcement reached a threshold level, the slide-out point shifts from the crest of the slope to the middle of the reinforced model. The bottom 2/7th zone of the slope was relatively stable during the earthquake and the reinforcement was ineffective at the bottom of the slope. When both considered the influence of reinforcing effect and construction difficulty, 20° is the suitable tilt degree in concrete-canvas reinforced slopes. The characteristics of increasing strength of the concrete canvas make it suitable for the application in slope protection.

Background: The strategies forchildren with initial unilateral inguinal hernia are open or laparoscopic herniorrhaphy. However, the clinical criteria for choosing an optimized treatment remains unclear.In this study, we aim to find a new strategy for optimizing the treatment of unilateral inguinal hernia. Methods: 1843 boys with left-sided inguinal hernia underwent open or laparoscopic herniorrhaphy were enrolled in our study and were divided into two groups: ultrasonography group (UG) and non- ultrasonography group (NUG). Spermatic cord ultrasonography was used for detecting the width of spermatic cord (WSC). Age at initial operation, WSC, operative findings, hospitalization expenses, incidence of metachronous inguinal hernia (MIH), rate of contralateral patent processes vaginalis (CPPV) and complications were recorded and analyzed. Findings: In the open herniorrhaphy group, the incidence of MIH in the WSC < 0 · 35 cm of UG was lower than NUG. The patients with left-sided WSC ≥ 0·55 cm all had been confirmed contralateral inguinal hernia. In the laparoscopic herniorrhaphy group, the rate of CPPV in UG was much higher than NUG. There was no significant difference in total incidence of complications between two groups. Interpretation: Spermatic cord ultrasonography was helpful for choosing the treatment of unilateral inguinal hernia. Following this strategy may reduce the incidence of MIH, increase the rate of CPPV of laparoscopic herniorrhaphy without any increase in complications. Funding: This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China 81901989 and Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation 2019M652108 and 2018M642463. Declaration of Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Ethics Approval Statement: This retrospective study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine. Patients’ guardian all gave written informed consent.