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espanolObjetivo: Comparar la incidencia de diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG) en mujeres con tres o mas factores de riesgo para desarrollar DMG suplementadas con mioinositol mas probioticos versus mujeres sin suplementacion. Material y metodos: Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo, grupo 1, mujeres con suplementacion (mioinositol 2 g mas Bifidobacterium lactis y Lactobacillus rhamnosus 5x108unidades formadoras de colonias, dos veces al dia, de las 12-14 hasta las 28 semanas de gestacion); grupo 2, mujeres con control prenatal habitual sin suplementacion, pareadas por edad e indice de masa corporal (IMC). El resultado primario fue la incidencia de DMG utilizando los criterios de la Asociacion Internacional de Grupos de Estudio de Diabetes y Embarazo. Resultados: Grupo 1, n = 48, y grupo 2 n = 96. No hubo diferencias significativas en caracteristicas basales como edad, IMC, y numero de factores de riesgo entre los grupos. La incidencia de DMG en el grupo 1 fue n = 14 (29.2%) y en el grupo 2 n = 46 (47.9%); RR: 0.61 (IC 95%: 0.37-0.99; p = 0.03). Conclusiones: La suplementacion desde las 12-14 semanas de gestacion con mioinositol mas probioticos disminuye la incidencia de DMG en mujeres mexicanas. EnglishAim: To compare the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in women with three or more risk factor to developing GDM supplemented with myo-inositol plus probiotics versus women care without supplementation. Methods: Retrospective cohort study, group 1, women with supplementation (myo-inositol 2g plus Bifidobacterium lactis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus 5x108 UFC, twice per day, from 12-14 to 28 weeks of gestation; group 2, women with prenatal care without supplementation, matched by age and body mass index (BMI). The primary outcome was the incidence of GDM using the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups criteria. Results: Group 1 n=48, group 2 n=96. There were no significant baseline differences between groups in age, BMI and number of risk factors. The incidence of GDM in group 1 was n=14 (29.2%), and for group 2 n=46 (47.9%); RR: 0.61 (95% CI: 0.37-0.99; p = 0.03). Conclusions: Supplementation from 12-14 weeks of gestation with myo-inositol plus probiotics decrease the incidence of GDM in Mexican women.

PURPOSE To perform a systematic review comparing outcomes of segmental versus circumferential arthroscopic labral reconstruction as a treatment for symptomatic irreparable or unsalvageable acetabular labral pathology. METHODS A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines using defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study groups were divided into segmental and circumferential labral reconstructions. Studies with

Background. The general toxic effects of local anesthe­tics on vital organs are the most severe side effects of regional blockades. The purpose was to study the effectiveness and safety of combined solutions of local anesthetics in the brachial plexus block. Materials and methods. Forty-nine patients were divided into 2 study groups. The first group (controls) consisted of 24 individuals who received a solution of 0.5% bupivacaine 36 ml (180 mg) with adrenaline 1 : 200,000 as an adjuvant to block the brachial plexus. The second group (main) consisted of 25 patients, who were treated with a mixture of 2% lidocaine 12 ml (240 mg) and 0.5% bupivacaine 12 ml (60 mg) diluted with a solution of 0.9% NaCl 12 ml and adrenaline 1 : 200,000 as an adjuvant. Results. In the first group (bupivacaine), the onset time of sensory block averaged 11.3 ± 4.3 minutes, motor block — 21.0 ± 7.8 minutes. The motor block duration was 894 ± 237 minutes. In the second group (mixture), the onset time of sensory block averaged 8.0 ± 3.6 minutes, motor block — 14.0 ± 6.2 minutes, which was significantly less than in the first group. The duration of the motor block was 539 ± 186 minutes. The longest postoperative analgesia was registered in the bupivacaine group — 984 ± 263 minutes. The duration of postoperative analgesia in the main group was slightly shorter — 612 ± 210 minu­tes. Conclusions. The proposed combination of local anesthe­tics bupivacaine and lidocaine allows reducing the bupivacaine dose by three times, which decreases the toxic complications of conduction anesthesia. The clinical use of the proposed drug combination reduces the duration of the latent period and provides long-term postoperative analgesia., Актуальність. Найважчим проявом побічних ефектів при регіонарних блокадах є загальний токсичний вплив місцевих анестетиків на життєво важливі органи. Метою дослідження є вивчення ефективності й безпечності застосування комбінованих розчинів місцевих анестетиків при блокадах плечового сплетення. Матеріали та методи. 49 хворих було розподілено у 2 групи дослідження. Першу групу (контрольну) становили 24 хворі, яким для блокування плечового сплетення застосовувався розчин бупівакаїну 0,5% 36 мл (180 мг) з додаванням як ад’юванту адреналіну 1 : 200 000. Другу групу (основну) становили 25 хворих, яким для блокування плечового сплетення застосовувалась суміш розчинів лідокаїну 2% 12 мл (240 мг) і бупівакаїну 0,5% 12 мл (60 мг) з розведенням розчином NaCl 0,9% 12 мл і додаванням як ад’юванту адреналіну 1 : 200 000. Результати. У першій групі (бупівакаїн) час до початку сенсорної блокади в середньому становив 11,3 ± 4,3 хв, моторної блокади — 21,0 ± 7,8 хв. Тривалість моторного блоку — 894 ± 237 хв. У другій групі (суміш) час до початку сенсорної блокади в середньому становив 8,0 ± 3,6 хв, моторної блокади — 14,0 ± 6,2 хв, що було вірогідно меншим, ніж у першій групі. Тривалість моторного блоку — 539 ± 186 хв. Найбільшу тривалість післяопераційної аналгезії було зареєстровано в групі бупівакаїну — 984 ± 263 хв. В основній групі тривалість післяопераційного знеболювання була дещо меншою і становила 612 ± 210 хв. Висновки. Запропонована комбінація місцевих анестетиків бупівакаїну і лідокаїну дозволяє в три рази зменшити дозу бупівакаїну, що знижує імовірність токсичних ускладнень провідникової анестезії. Клінічне застосування запропонованої комбінації препаратів скорочує тривалість латентного періоду, забезпечує тривалу післяопераційну аналгезію.

The objective of this study was to determine the immediate effects of transcutaneous electrical nervous stimulation (TENS) and semi-occluded vocal tract (SOVT) exercises on acoustic parameters in teachers in the city of Chillan. The study was based on a quantitative methodological perspective, with a comparative descriptive scope and a quasi-experimental longitudinal design. The sample was composed of 30 teachers belonging to the Reyes de Espana School, who were evaluated using Praat software, pre and post treatment. The teachers were divided into 2 groups; control group (semi-occluded vocal tract therapy) and experimental group (semi-occluded vocal tract therapy and electrostimulation) who were treated during a single session of approximately 10 min. The values of the acoustic parameters were then compared [Jitter, Shimmer, Harmonic to Noise Ratio (HNR) and Maximum Phonation Time (MPT)] between both groups. The acoustic analysis showed statistically significant post-intervention changes in all the parameters evaluated for both study groups, however, in the experimental group the means showed a greater difference, with a p value less than .01. Semi-occluded vocal tract exercises in resonance tubes combined with TENS have immediate positive effects on TMF, Jitter, Shimmer and HNR acoustic parameters in teachers without vocal pathology.

To evaluate and analyze the microbiomes component of the vagina in females with polycystic ovarian syndrome PCOS, and compare it with that of healthy females. A case- control study included 120 participants, 60 had been diagnosed as having PCOS according to the Rotterdam Criteria for diagnosis of PCOS and the other 60 are healthy females visiting the outpatient private clinics in Hay Aljameaa/ Al-Harthya in Baghdad from October 2020 till march 2021 for different medical problems, statistical analysis was done by using the SPSS computer application for statistical analysis. Both study groups had L. crispatus in their vagina, while for L. jensonii 93.33% of control group have this microbiota while only 66.66% of PCOS group have it, L. gasseri presents in the vagina of 80% of controls and only 38.33% of PCOS. S. aureus in 41.66% of PCOS group and only 3.33% of control group, S. epidermidis presents in 25% of PCOS females while it not presents in control group. Str. Pyogenes presents in 36.67% of PCOS group and absent in control group (p< 0.0001), Str. Agalactiae presents in 26.67% of PCOS group and 1.67% of control group. Bacteroides presents in 30% of PCOS cases and only in 1.67% of controls (p< 0.0001). For other types of vaginal microbiota e.g. Gardnerella vaginalis we found that it presents in high percentage of PCOS group 66.67% and absent in females of control group, Prevotella spp presents in 55% of PCOS group and only 3.33% of control group, Mobiluncus spp and Fusobacterium spp were absent in both study groups. For candida species, C. albicans presents in 30% and 6.67% of vagina of PCOS and control group respectively. There is large diversity in the vaginal microbiota with disruption to normal flora in PCOS affected patients so We need further studies to evaluate the relationship between the microbiota and different PCOS symptoms.

The Fast Friends Procedure (FFP) is a widely used experimental paradigm to induce emotional intimacy. Besides exploring the validity of a German translation of the paradigm (n = 46), we developed an extension of the FFP that induces sexual intimacy and assessed heart rate, high-frequency heart rate variability, and electrodermal activity responses to the FFP and its extension. Furthermore, we examined its applicability to individuals with childhood maltreatment (n = 56), who frequently suffer from intimacy-related difficulties. Intimacy, positive affect, liking, and attraction increased during the FFP and partly during the sexual intimacy extension in both study groups. Moreover, both groups showed physiological responses consistent with positive social interactions. The use of the German FFP and its sexual intimacy extension can thus be recommended for research in the general population and in individuals with childhood maltreatment, although more studies are needed to further validate the paradigms.

BACKGROUND Study groups are multicenter collaborations aimed at improving orthopaedic decision-making through higher-powered, more generalizable studies. New research is disseminated through peer-reviewed literature and academic meetings, including the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America (POSNA) annual meeting, which brings together academic and medical professionals in pediatric orthopaedics. The goal of this study was to identify patterns in podium presentations (PP) at the POSNA annual meeting resulting from multicenter study groups during a 15-year period. METHODS A total of 2065 PP from the 2006 to 2020 POSNA annual meetings were identified. The abstracts of each PP were reviewed to determine if they resulted from a multicenter study group and for characteristics including subspecialty focus. PP from 2006 to 2018 were further reviewed for publication in academic journals. Pearson correlation was used to assess change in the number of PP resulting from study groups overtime. Univariate analysis was used to compare characteristics of PP based on study group involvement (significance P

This study explored the effect of active learning on developing imagination skills among students with learning disabilities in English language in Irbid city, Jordan. The study used the experimental approach and was applied to a sample of 60 female and male students, who were chosen purposefully. The sample was divided into two groups, an experimental, which was taught using the active learning method, and a control group, which was taught according to the traditional method. The results revealed the existence of significant differences between the performance of the experimental group and the control group on the post-imagination test in favor of the experimental group. The findings also showed statistically significant differences between the scores of the two study groups on the post-imagination test due to the gender variable, and the difference was in favor of males. In light of the findings of the study, the researcher recommended preparing training programs on active learning and preparing a guide for teachers, which can be used to teach and learn reading, writing, and imagination skills in the basic stage.

The Technical Committee on Biological and Medical Measurements (TC-25) aims at establishing, developing, promoting and supporting cooperation among researchers in the different fields of biological and medical measurements. Sensors for the measurement of clinical and/ or biological parameters, instrument and procedure characterization, instrument interoperability and interconnection, and data processing are some of the topics of interest to the TC-25. To those aims, the technical committee designs and realizes joint activities, like study groups aimed at standardization, such as the Subcommittee on Blood Pressure Measurement (SCOBPM); conferences or special sessions, such as the IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA); and several special sessions during the annual IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technical Conferences. TC-25 is also continuously engaged to maintain liaisons with other committees, groups, societies and organizations working on topics related to the TC scope. This paper presents the latest updates about the main activities of the TC-25. Some information about the TC-25 activities and targets is briefly presented, then the objectives and the efforts of the SCOBPM are summarized, and finally, the history and latest updates of our main conference, the MeMeA Symposium, are reported.

O presente artigo tem o intuito de apresentar um breve panorama acerca do grupo Apophatiké: Estudos interdisciplinares em Mística. O grupo congrega pesquisadores de diversas áreas acadêmicas, especialmente de Filosofia, Teologia, Letras, Psicologia e Ciências da Religião, de várias Instituições do Brasil, que têm suas pesquisas vinculadas aos temas da Mística e da Ascese. Iniciado em Março de 2010, mantém reuniões periódicas, no decurso das quais os membros do grupo apresentam internamente suas pesquisas e decidem os encaminhamentos das atividades do grupo. Além da realização de grupos de estudos e eventos acadêmicos, o grupo tem como objetivo produzir textos que representem as conclusões de suas pesquisas. Os temas principais pesquisados são: Relações entre Mística e Literatura na contemporaneidade; a Mística Neoplatônica (Plotino, Proclo e Pseudo-Dionísio); Mística dos Primeiros Padres (Orígenes, Evágrio, Agostinho), Mística e Psicanálise (Freud, Fichte) Místicos Contemporâneos (Simone Weil, Christian de Chergé, Dietrich Bonhoeffer, etc). Palavras-chave: mística, literatura, filosofia, interdisciplinariedade, antiguidade, contemporaneidade

Objectives: The aim of this qualitative study was to examine orthodontic patients’ thoughts and experiences about the invisible orthodontic treatment options – lingual braces and Invisalign – through the analysis of Twitter posts’ content. Materials and Methods: A software program was written for the data collection. The program consecutively collected the tweets posted over an 8-month period from Twitter’s publicly accessible database. Tweets that were written in the English language and contained any of the four keywords “Invisalign,” “lingualorthodontics,” “lingualbraces,” and “invisiblebraces” were collected. The tweets that included irrelevant or incoherent posts, professional advertisements, unclear/not applicable content, and reposts were excluded from the study. Two authors, with different experiences, independently read, and analyzed the tweets. Each applicable tweet was classified into one of the three categories: Positive, negative, and neutral for two study groups (Invisalign and lingual braces). Pearson Chi-square test was used to analyze the negative and positive tweet rates of the groups. Results: 1176 of 2407 tweets were selected as applicable and analyzed by the authors. There was a statistically significant very good agreement between the two observers (Kappa = 0.933, P < 0.001). The negative comment rate (39%) and neutral comment rate (31.1%) in the lingual group were statistically higher than the Invisalign group (27.2% and 21.7%, respectively; P < 0.001). The positive comment rate in the Invisalign group was significantly higher (51.1%) compared to the lingual group (29.9%, P < 0.001). Conclusion: Orthodontic patients use social media to share their experiences and feelings about their treatment process. The applicable Tweet number and the positive Tweet rate in the Invisalign group were higher than the lingual braces group.

AIM:To assess the effect of Stelfrin supra (phenylephrine 2.5%) on the condition of accommodation, refraction and evaluate subjective comfort in instillation and adolescents with various refractive disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Examined 45 people with mild emmetropia and hyperopia with symptoms of habitual excess tension of accommodation (15 people), with mild myopia (15 people), with moderate myopia (15 people) at the age of 7 to 16 years. Visometry, autorefractometry, assessment of the volume of absolute accommodation (positive and negative parts), subjective assessment of asthenopic complaints according to the OSDI scale were carried out before and 1 month after daily instillations of Stelfrin supra (phenylephrine 2.5%). RESULTS:After 1 month of instillation of the Stelfrin supra, the manifestations of accommodative asthenopia in the vast majority of patients in the study groups decreased, the habitual tonus of accommodation decreased, the volume of absolute accommodation increased, most significantly its negative part. The uncorrected visual acuity increased by 31% in patients of group 1 with emmetropia and mild hyperopia with habitually excessive tension of accommodation. The uncorrected visual acuity increased by 23% in patients of group 2 with mild myopia. An increase in the margin of relative accommodation was noted in patients of groups 1 and 2. Instillation of the drug was not accompanied by severe discomfort in the vast majority of patients. CONCLUSIONS:Stelfrin supra has shown its effectiveness in accommodating and refractive disorders in childhood and can be recommended in the treatment of children with accommodation disorders, asthenopia and mild to moderate myopia.

Objectives To evaluate and compare the perception of different dental professionals and laypersons toward altered gingival characteristics (microesthetics) and to identify those characteristics that are most negatively and positively rated. Materials and Methods A smiling photograph of a female dental student was selected and digitally manipulated to create changes in different microesthetic parameters. These altered images were rated by the following five groups: 120 orthodontists, 45 periodontists, 49 prosthodontists, 130 general dentists, and 172 laypersons. Smile esthetics scores were calculated, and comparisons between groups were performed using the univariate general linear model. Results The presence of black triangles between the upper incisors was the most negatively rated, and the ideal smile was the most positively rated. Significant differences were detected in the rating scores among the different study groups (P < .05). Orthodontists, prosthodontists, and general dentists scored the presence of a black triangle in the smile as the least attractive, whereas periodontists and laypersons perceived the inflamed gingiva and pigmented gingiva as the least attractive, respectively. Dental specialists tended to give the altered smile images lower scores than the laypersons. Conclusions The ideal smile and that with black triangles between the upper incisors were rated as the most and the least attractive smiles, respectively. Orthodontists, prosthodontists, and general dentists scored the presence of black triangles in the smile as the least attractive, whereas periodontists and laypersons perceived the inflamed gingiva and pigmented gingiva as the least attractive smiles, respectively. Dental specialists tended to give the altered smile images lower scores than the laypersons.

Leishmaniasis is one of today's most neglected diseases. The emergence of new anti-leishmanial therapies emphasizes several study groups funded by the World Health Organization. The present investigation will focus on the research to determine a few new potential derivatives of β-carboline ester derivatives against leishmaniasis. The

Aim: To compare the clinical and radiographic effectiveness of chitosan and formocresol as pulpotomy medicaments in primary molars. Methods: Children of age 4-8 years old, who were physically and mentally healthy without any known medical history of systemic conditions contraindicating pulp therapy with at least one deep carious primary molars indicated for pulpotomy, were recruited. Pulpotomies were performed on 64 teeth divided into 2 groups, Group A (chitosan) and Group B (formocresol), followed by stainless steel crowns. Evaluation of clinical and radiological success was done at 1, 3 and 6 months follow up. Chi Square Test was used to compare the clinical and radiological parameters between study groups at different time intervals (p < 0.05) Results: Clinical success rate in both groups was 96.6% and radiographic success rate in chitosan was 96.6%, but formocresol was 89.6%. Conclusions: Chitosan was found to be an effective medicament for pulpotomy in primary molars. While chitosan also showed improved success rate compared to formocresol, it was not statistically significant.

This study aimed to find out the effect of the blended learning strategy on the achievement of the fourth-grade students in the basic science subject in the Basira Basira Directorate of Education in Tafila Governorate. The study members were selected by intentional method, and they numbered (52) students from fourth grade students in Al-Harith Basic School for Boys, and the two divisions were randomly assigned and distributed into two divisions. One of them is a control group, which was (27) students who were taught the traditional strategy, and the other is (25) students as an experimental one who learned the blended learning strategy. Its validity and reliability were verified and then applied to the study sample. The results of the study showed a statistically significant difference in the achievement of the study sample at the level of significance )α≤0.05) between the averages of the scores of the two study groups in favor of the experimental group that learned with the blended learning strategy. Achieving science among fourth-grade students in Tafila Governorate by securing the necessary infrastructure to facilitate the application of blended learning by equipping laboratories and ensuring the validity of the Internet.

Summary Objectives This study aimed to compare the immediate influence of four commonly used retainer wires on tooth mobility following orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances. Materials and Methods Eighty patients after orthodontic treatment were assigned to four study groups (n = 20 in each group). Groups were provided with directly bonded fixed retainers—0.0150″ (group A), 0.0175″ (group B), 0.016 × 0.022″ (group C), and 0.0215″ (group D). Tooth mobility was measured using the Periotest device at two times—after removal of fixed appliance (T1) and after bonding of the retainer (T2). Values of tooth mobility, ‘Periotest values’, were analysed between groups and compared with the physiologic tooth mobility in a control group of untreated patients (n = 65). Kruskal–Wallis H, Mann–Whitney U, Dunn’s test, Fisher’s exact test, and binary logistic regression tests were used to analyze the data. Results Tooth mobility after orthodontic treatment was significantly increased. While canines remained within normal range of tooth mobility, values for incisors increased on average to the first degree of tooth mobility (slight mobility). Logistic regression analysis identified age as a significant predictor for increased tooth mobility (P = 0.032) with odds ratio 1.065 (95% CI 1.005–1.128), with mobility increasing with age. After bonding of the retainer in all four groups, the tooth mobility was reduced to values which were not significantly different form normal physiological values found in the control group (P > 0.05). There were no differences in the amount of change or in tooth mobility values at T2 between the different types of bonded retainers. Limitations Age of subjects in the control group was significantly higher than that in the study groups. An alternation method was used instead of randomization to distribute the four different types of retainers. Conclusions All of the retainer wires were able to successfully reduce the increased tooth mobility caused by orthodontic treatment to normal levels. The values of tooth mobility after placement of retainers were within the range of physiologic tooth mobility.

Objectives To assess the objective compliance levels in skeletal Class II patients with mandibular retrognathia wearing monoblock and twin-block appliances. Materials and Methods A prospective clinical study was conducted with 30 patients between 10 and 15 years old who were equally divided into two study groups. Group 1 was treated with monoblock, and group 2 was treated with twin-block appliances. The patients were instructed to wear their appliance for 15 hours per day. Wear times were monitored by a microsensor. (TheraMon; MCTechnology, Hargelsberg, Austria) for an average of six appointments. Patients were also instructed to record their wear times on a chart, and this record was admitted as subjective wear time. Statistical analysis was performed with the data derived from both the patients' charts and the monitoring records. Results The mean wear time by the patients was 10.67 ± 3.93 hours, which was less than the 15 hours prescribed by the orthodontist, with no difference between the two appliances (P > .05). The regular use rate, which included the days with a wear time of 8 hours or more per day, was 75%. Compliance levels decreased by 35% throughout the six control appointments. Patients declared that their wear time was more than their objective wear time by an average of 3.76 hours. Conclusions Despite their different designs, there was no significant difference between the monoblock and twin-block appliances in terms of compliance.

Objective This study explored self-reported experiences of alternate admission track plan (AATP) students who completed a chiropractic training program at a US chiropractic college. Methods Our institution conducted semistructured exit interviews with 16 graduating AATP students. Our consensus-drafted open-ended interview questions probed in-depth for these students' experience throughout the training program, with national board exams, their personal characteristics, their satisfaction with the training program generally, and with the AATP program specifically. We employed a content analysis to identify themes and patterns of responses across the blinded deidentified interview transcripts. We used a combination of deductive coding based on our interview guides, and inductive coding to identify newly emerging subthemes. Results Perceived facilitators of student success were strong commitment to chiropractic, cooperative, and supportive environment (eg, student study groups and a highly committed faculty), work ethic, and time management skills. Although many recommended that AATP entrants without science backgrounds take prerequisite courses in biology and chemistry, they also observed that a capable student could dedicate the time and effort to obtain the needed information via available college resources. Conclusion Graduating AATP students were positive about the AATP program overall, and their preparation for national board exams and for clinical practice. They greatly valued the opportunity to accelerate their entrance into chiropractic college. A major limitation of this study is that the perspectives of AATP students who did not complete the doctor of chiropractic program are not represented in these interviews of graduating students.

Objective We aimed to reveal the association of serum alarin level with POR status of the infertile women in the present study. Methods The eligibility criteria for this prospective cross-sectional study included a total of 92 infertile women attending the Hitit University Hospital, and all participant women were categorized into two main groups of ovarian reserve: (i) Poor ovarian reserve (POR) group (n = 40) based on ESHRE consensus and (ii) Control group (NOR) (n = 52). Results The mean adjusted-ages and BMI values of the NOR and POR groups were statistically comparable (p = .057 and p = .600, respectively). The mean E2, FSH, and LH levels were elevated in the POR group (p < .001, for all). The mean AFC and AMH concentration were significantly reduced in the POR group (p < .001, for both). In addition, there was a significant increase in the serum alarin level in the POR group (p < .001). Pearson's analysis revealed that the mean BMI value of the POR group had a weak and negative correlation (r = 0.318, p = .046). Also, there was no correlation between serum alarin with E2 and FSH levels in both study groups. A weak and positive correlation was found between serum alarin and LH concentration only in the POR group (r = 0.318, p = .045). The mean AMH and AFC values were not significantly correlated with serum alarin levels. Conclusion The circulating alarin level was significantly elevated in infertile women with POR patterns. In addition, the alarin level was significantly correlated with the serum LH concentration in the POR pattern. Scientific Research Unit of the Hitit University, Corum, Turkey This research was supported by The Scientific Research Unit of the Hitit University, Corum, Turkey. WOS:000671486700001 2-s2.0-85110319351 PubMed: 34241554

Considering the figures that the World Health Organization (WHO) draws attention almostevery year it is seen that child abuse and neglectis increasing day by day in the whole world.Similarly, TUIK, both of Ministry of Health and Security General Directorate's datas indicatesthat in Turkey; child abuse and neglect have seen more frequent every year. The aim of thisstudy is to evaluate the research done in the years between 1995-2020 that on the abusepreventing program. The model of the research is descriptive scanning model. It was concludedthat the study groups in the studies consisted mostly of children, the studies were conductedmostly to increase the level of knowledge and acquire skills, and the studies covering all typesof abuse were more intense than the others. Considering the distribution of the studies by yearsit was concluded that there was an increase in the number of studies between 2011-2015 and thehighest increase was between 2016-2020. On the other hand, it was concluded that 45.45% of theabuses showed a distribution as all types of abuse, 42.42% as sexual abuse and 12.12% asemotional abuse and neglect.

Background: Recently with the changes in population lifestyle, prediabetes is constantly on the rise. Management of prediabetes currently is with lifestyle modifications like weight loss, exercise and diet control. Better drugs with acceptable safety profile are needed for better control of prediabetes. This study was thus designed to evaluate the antihyperglycaemic effect of one such potential compound Syzygium cumini (SC) (Jamun)in comparison to conventional antidiabetic drug Metformin. Methods: Rats were divided into four study groups (SC 100mg/kg and 200 mg/kg, metformin 90 mg/kg and SC 200 mg/kg with metformin 90 mg/kg). The glycaemic changes were followed up for a period of 8 weeks. Results: Streptozotocin (STZ) induced significant rise in blood glucose levels in the rats. SC100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg caused a reduction in BSL (192.50 ± 6.189 & 175.00 ± 6.782 respectively). SC 200 mg/kg alone and in combination with metformin caused a significant reduction in HbA1C levels at the end of 8th week (8.84 ± 0.65 &6.86 ± 0.40 respectively) as compared to their baseline levels. Increase in dose had led to more significant reduction in BSL at the end of 8th week in groups A & B (p < 0.05). However, reduction of BSL was superior with Metforminalone (159.17 ± 13.060) compared to Syzygium cumini administered alone. Also antihyperglycemic effect of Syzygium cumini administered along with metformin was significant (p < 0.05) compared to either doses of Syzygium cumini given alone. Conclusions: Syzygium cumini demonstratedantihyperglycemic activity in diabetic rats but less significant when compared to metformin. Antihyperglycaemic effect of Syzygium cumini with metformin was significantly better than either drugsgiven alone. In prediabetic or diabeticindividuals Syzygium cumini seed powdercan be suggested as a potential add-on therapy with conventional antidiabetic drugs. However more non-clinical and clinical studies need to be conducted to confirm the findings.

هدف الدراسة: تمثل الهدف الرئيس للدراسة في عرض وتحليل الآثار الحالية والمحتملة لتداعيات جائحة فيروس کورونا المستجد (COVID-19) ببيئة التقارير المالية، وبيان محددات الإفصاح المحاسبي عن معلومات الجائحة في ضوء متطلبات معايير المحاسبة الدولية والمصرية والإصدارات والممارسات المهنية ذات الصلة، وتحديد أهم المشاکل والتحديات التي تعوق هذا الإفصاح وآليات مواجهتها. فضلا عن قياس أثر محددات الإفصاح المحاسبي على القيمة السوقية للأسهم بالبورصة المصرية. - التصميم والمنهجية: قام الباحث بإجراء مسح ميداني لبيان محددات الإفصاح المحاسبي عن جائحة فيروس کورونا وذلک لثلاثة فئات تضم معدي التقارير المالية، والمستثمرين بالبورصة، والأکاديميين بأقسام المحاسبة والمراجعة، وتم تحليل إجابات عينات الدراسة بواقع 153مفردة بنسبة 85% باستخدام أساليب برنامج التحليل الإحصائي SPSS. کما قام الباحث بإجراء دراسة تطبيقية لعدد 214 شرکة مقيده بالبورصة المصرية من خلال تحليل سلسلة زمنية يومية بلغت 243 يوم تداول عن عام 2020م بإستخدام منهجية تحليل الحدث، لقياس أثر الإفصاح عن معلومات الجائحة على القيمة السوقية للأسهم. - النتائج: کشفت نتائج المسح الميداني عن عدم وجود تمايز ذو دلالة معنوية بين فئات الدراسة بشأن محددات الإفصاح المحاسبي عن معلومات جائحة کورونا، في حين يوجد تمايز ذو دلالة معنوية بين فئات الدراسة بشأن مشاکل وتحديات الإفصاح المحاسبي عن معلومات جائحة کورونا والآليات المقترحة للتغلب عليها. کما کشفت الدراسة التطبيقية عن وجود تأثير ذو دلالة معنوية بين الإفصاح عن معلومات جائحة فيروس کورونا المستجد والقيمة السوقية لأسهم الشرکات المقيدة بالبورصة المصرية، وکذلک وجود تمايز ذو دلالة معنوية بين قطاعات سوق الأوراق المالية المصرية (18 قطاع) من حيث تأثر القيمة السوقية للسهم بتداعيات جائحة فيروس کورونا، وذلک باستخدام معدل العائد غير الطبيعي التراکمي CAR للأسهم. - الأصالة والإضافة: تسهم هذه الدراسة في بيان محددات الإفصاح المحاسبي عن معلومات جائحة فيـروس کورونا وقياس أثرها على القيمة السوقية للأسهم بالبورصة المصرية، من خلال إستخدام منهجية دراسة الحدث. Abstract: - Study objective: The main objective of the study was to present and analyze the current and potential impacts of the repercussions of the emerging corona virus (COVID-19) pandemic in the financial reporting environment, and to clarify the determinants of accounting disclosure of pandemic information in light of the requirements of international and Egyptian accounting standards, publications and relevant professional practices, and to identify the most important problems and challenges that hinder this disclosure and the mechanisms to confront them. As well as measuring the impact of accounting disclosure determinants on the market value of shares on the Egyptian Stock Exchange. - Design and methodology: The researcher conducted a field survey to clarify the determinants of accounting disclosure about Coronavirus pandemic for three categories, accountants, stock exchange investors, and academics in accounting and auditing departments. The researcher also conducted an applied study for 214 companies listed on (E.S.E) by analyzing a daily time series of 243 days for the year 2020, using the event analysis methodology, to measure the impact of disclosure of pandemic information on the market value of shares. - The study results: The results of the field survey revealed that there is no significant discriminants between the study categories regarding the determinants of the accounting disclosure of the Corona pandemic information, while there is a significant discriminants between the study groups regarding the problems and challenges of the accounting disclosure of the COVID-19 information and the proposed mechanisms to overcome them. The applied study also revealed that there is a significant impact between the disclosure of information about the emerging Coronavirus pandemic and the market value of the shares of companies listed on (E.S.E), as well as the existence of a significant discriminants between the Egyptian stock market sectors (18 sectors) in terms of the market value of the share affected by the repercussions of the pandemic Coronavirus, using the CAR. - Originality and addition: This study contributes to clarifying the determinants of the accounting disclosure of the Corona virus pandemic information and measuring its impact on the market value of stocks on (E.S.E), by using the event methodology analysis.

El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo general determinar la influencia del Programa Vela en la mejora de la responsabilidad social de los estudiantes de la facultad de Educación de la Universidad Nacional de Trujillo-Trujillo 2020. La metodología utilizada fue de una investigación de enfoque cuantitativo aplicado en un diseño cuasiexperimental. Teniendo como muestra a dos grupos de estudio: experimental y control con 30 estudiantes por grupo con las mismas características, a quienes se le aplicó un test a nivel pre y post. Se encontró en la prueba U de Mann-Whitney el valor de p = 0,000 y la diferencia de rangos promedios de los grupos: experimental y control fue 30 %, referida a su hipótesis general. Finalmente se concluye que existe una influencia altamente significativa del programa educativo Vela en el fortalecimiento de la Responsabilidad social en los estudiantes de la facultad de Educación de la Universidad Nacional de Trujillo.

During the research it has been found that the hydrogen index and mineralizing potential of oral fluid in adolescents aged 15-18 who study in college is lower than in other study groups. The hydrogen index of college students increases slightly from 15 years to 17 years and reaches its maximum at 18 years. In schoolchildren and students of the university, an increase in the microcrystallization of oral fluid with age was observed, and in college students a decrease was noted. This indicates the need for preventative work with this cohort to identify risk factors that cause this situation. A study of the micro crystallization of oral fluid revealed a difference depending on the institution in which adolescents study. Comparison of school attenders at different ages did not reveal any significant difference, although the indicator at 15 years old was slightly lower than at 16, always corresponded to a satisfactory level of micro crystallization. In college students, the micro crystallization rate corresponded to a low level of 15 and 16 years old. Comparison of the results of the examined 17-18 years old, who study at the college and the university, it was found that the mineralizing potential of oral fluid is lower in college students at both 17 and 18 years old than at university students. The rate of adolescents studying at the university corresponded to a satisfactory level and those of college students - low at both 17 and 18 years. A pattern indicates the deterioration of oral homeostasis in adolescents enrolled in college at all ages compared to schoolchildren and university students. In university students it was found probable increase in the values of the indicator. College students have a decrease in the mineralizing properties of oral fluid with age, but such properties are not significant. There were 540 teenagers who studied at school (107 people), college (317 people), university (116 people) in Chernivtsi. The age children were from 15 to 18 years. The study of the studied indicators was presented by the age and institution in which adolescents study. The hydrogen index (pH) was investigated using a strip of indicator paper (pH 0-12, manufactured by Lachema, Czech Republic). The indicator tape was immersed in oral fluid and the color of the paper was changed. The mineralizing potential of oral fluid was evaluated by its microcrystallization (PA Leus, 1977). Oral fluid collection was performed with a sterile pipette from the bottom of the oral cavity, at least 2 hours after a meal and rinsing with distilled water. Three drops of oral liquid were applied to ethyl alcohol and dried at room temperature. The drops, after drying, were examined using a microscope. The mineralizing potential of oral fluid was determined by the mean score, depending on the identified types of ISS. Evaluation of microcrystallization was performed by H.M. Saifulina, O.R. Pozdeev in average scores depending on the types of crystal formation: 0.1-1.0 - very low level; 1.1- 2.0 - low; 2,1- 3,0 - satisfactory; 3.1-4.0 - high; 4.1-5.0 - very high. The obtained results are processed by the method of variation statistics. Indicators at p£0.05 were considered available. Our research found that the hydrogen index and mineralizing potential of oral fluid in adolescents aged 15-18, who study in college is lower than in other study groups. The hydrogen index of college students increases slightly from 15 years to 17 years and reaches its maximum at 18 years. In schoolchildren and students of the university, an increase in the micro crystallization of oral fluid with age was observed, and decrease was established in college visitors. This indicates the need for preventative work with this cohort to identify risk factors that cause this situation.

Students’ engagement in E-learning applications is considered an important factor for learning. There is an evidence in the literature on the influence of students’ engagement on their learning outcomes and achievement. Sound utilization in E-learning applications is expected to influence the students’ engagement in such applications. However, research is required to provide more evidences on such influence. The current study adopted the arousal theory, to check whether adding sound’s elements (voiceovers, background music and sound effects) to the E-learning applications would improve the students’ engagement in such applications. The participants are non-English speaking undergraduate students (N = 272) from a public university in Jordan. They were randomly assigned to the study groups to use one of the eight E-learning applications with different levels of sound’s elements to measure the students’ engagement in these groups. The study has employed the Analysis of Covariance, ANCOVA, to investigate the proposed hypotheses, and compare the students’ engagement among the study groups. The results showed that the sound’s elements, especially voiceovers, positively influence the students' engagement, when controlling for students’ age, gender, and their prior experience with E-learning applications. These results contribute to theory by confirming the arousal theory in the context of students' engagement in E-learning applications. Practitioners and designers can also be informed, by our results, in designing more engaging educational applications.

Aim of this study is to determine the potential and working vocal range in the results of objective and subjective voice range evaluation in elementary school girls – solo singers. Theoretical part contains review of other authors’ studies related to child’s voice range from 6 to 12 years. Practical part of the study offered making of the phonetogram by using Voice Range Profile software (CSL 4500, Kay Pentax, USA) as an objective method for voice range evaluation. For subjective voice analysis, a voice range evaluation in form of vocal exercises was performed. It is understood that the objective voice evaluation reflects the potential of girls’ voice range, while the subjective evaluation – current working voice range. Fourteen girls attending solo singing classes were part of this study (medium age: 9.14 years; SD: 1.79 years; age range: 6-12 years). Three study groups were formed: 6-8 year old girls (n = 5); 9-10 year old girls (n=5); 11-12 year old girls (n=4). In 6-8 year old girls, VRP was from sol# (204.31 Hz, SD: 26, 05) to do3 (1047.72, SD: 409.70), but in subjective voice range evaluation, it was from la (220.28 Hz, SD: 18.88) to fa2 (775.90 Hz, SD: 70.64). In the group from 9-10 year old girls VRP range was from fa (171.25 Hz, SD: 16.03) to re#3 (1224.47 Hz, SD: 156.12), but current working voice range was from sol (208.79 Hz, SD: 24.90) to sol#2 (842.20 Hz, SD: 132.80). In 11-12 years old girls objective VRP results were fa# (186.54 Hz, SD: 27.76) to re#3 (1277.61 Hz, SD: 80.09), while from sol (208.23 Hz, SD: 12.16) to si2 (933.46 Hz, SD: 175.22) the work range was. In discussion part findings by other authors are compared to the objective and subjective voice range data acquired in this study. It is concluded that potential child’s voice range in girls 6-12 years of age exceeds two octaves yet working range reaches up to two octaves.

To compare the efficacy of trehalose-HA eye drops versus 0.1% hyaluronic acid for the treatment of dry eye.This prospective, comparative, contralateral eye study included sixty eligible patients (mean age 44.13 ± 14.53 years). Patients having a SPEED questionnaire score of 16 or above, objective scatter index (OSI) 1 and non-invasive tear break up time (NIBUT) of 10 s or less were included in the study. Eyes were randomized to receive 0.1% hyaluronic acid (HA) in one eye and trehalose-HA eye drops in the contralateral eye. At baseline, 1- and 3-month follow-ups, OSI, NIBUT, MG loss, tear meniscus height (TMH) and tear film osmolarity (TFO) were evaluated using non-invasive modalities RESULTS: There was a statistically significant improvement in NIBUT, TMH, OSI, SPEED questionnaire score in the trehalose-HA compared to the 0.1% HA group at both 1- and 3-month visits (p 0.05). In both the study groups, compared to the baseline, the mean values of TFO, MG loss, OSI and SPEED questionnaire score significantly reduced at 3 months (p 0.05). The mean values of NIBUT and tear meniscus height on the other hand showed a significant increase compared to the baseline values (p 0.05). Both drugs were well tolerated by the study participants without any significant ocular side effects.Trehalose-HA was found to be more effective than 0.1% HA eye drops in the management of symptomatic dry eye, as shown by significant reduction in NIBUT, TMH and OSI, when evaluated using non-invasive modalities of dry eye evaluation.

The aim of the work is to develop forensic criteria for differential diagnosis of traumatic hemorrhages (HTG), ischemic stroke (IS), and hemorrhages of nontraumatic genesis (HNG) formation by 3D Mueller-matrix microscopy of layers of azimuthal-invariant Mueller-matrix images of circular birefringence of histological sections of the brain. Material and methods. Native sections of brain taken from 110 corpses were used for the study in the case of: death from coronary heart disease - 20 (18.1%) native sections (group 1 - control); HTG - 30 (27.3%) sections (group 2), IIB - 30 (27.3%) sections (group 3), HNG - 30 (27.3%) sections (group 4). Measurement of the values of the distribution of coordinate parameters of polarization at the points of microscopic images was performed at the location of the standard Stokes polarimeter. Results. It is found that for each of the phase cross-sections of the field, the volume of distributions of complex amplitudes of sensitivity, specificity and balanced accuracy of statistical analysis of coordinate distributions of Mueller-matrix invariants of circular dichroism have maximum values for small phase shifts corresponding to their level. The maximum level of balanced accuracy of intergroup differentiation was revealed by calculating statistical moments of the 3rd and 4th order, which characterize the asymmetry and excess distributions of the Mueller-matrix invariants values of circular dichroism of histological sections of brain substance. Conclusions. Excellent balanced accuracy (95% - 96%) of differential diagnosis was achieved between the control group and all study groups, good accuracy (92% - 93%) between ischemic stroke and traumatic hemorrhage and satisfactory accuracy (85% - 86%) between traumatic and hemorrhagic strokes genesis.

Kumutnart Chanprapaph, Thanapon Sutharaphan, Poonkiat Suchonwanit Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandCorrespondence: Poonkiat SuchonwanitDivision of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, 270 Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, ThailandTel +66-2-2011141Fax +66-2-201-1211 ext 4Email poonkiat@hotmail.comBackground: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common type of hair loss in men. Its prevalence increases with advancing age. Characteristics of hair loss in male AGA reveal the possibility of different biophysical and physiological profiles between androgen-sensitive (vertex) and androgen-insensitive (occipital) scalps. However, these variations have not been well investigated.Objective: We aimed to evaluate and compare scalp biophysical and physiological characteristics in male AGA patients and healthy controls.Methods: Scalp biophysiological profiles were evaluated by non-invasive measuring techniques, including skin surface lipids (SSL), transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and stratum corneum hydration (SCH) on both vertex and occipital areas. Values were compared between scalp areas and study groups. Participants with AGA were further categorized based on disease severity (Hamilton–Norwood classification) for subgroup analyses. Correlation coefficients were evaluated to determine the effects of AGA severity and age on each functional parameter.Results: Participants were 31 AGA subjects and 31 healthy controls. The vertex scalp of AGA patients had significantly higher SSL (p = 0.03) and lower SCH (p = 0.02) compared to the occipital scalp. TEWL was not significantly different (p = 0.31). AGA group SSL showed a positive correlation with severity of hair loss (r = 0.61, p = 0.03). When compared to controls, the AGA group vertex scalp had significantly higher SSL (p = 0.03) and lower TEWL (p < 0.001). The occipital area showed no statistically significant differences.Conclusion: Male AGA presents with different biophysical and physiological characteristics in androgen-sensitive and androgen-insensitive areas, and with further differences from controls. These findings could direct further research and aid in the development of optimal hair and scalp treatments to improve scalp functional profiles in particular patients.Keywords: alopecia, hair loss, hydration, sebum, transepidermal water loss

We studied the interplay of intercultural competence, intercultural experiences, and creativity among Russian students from Moscow (N = 272). We expected the students from culturally diverse groups, attending the courses on cultural issues, to be more creative. We based our expectation on the idea that cultural diversity and cultural learning are associated with a higher level of intercultural competence that might contribute to students’ creativity. We measured the intercultural experiences by cultural diversity of study groups (a number of foreign students in the groups and the intensity of friendly contacts with them) and by cultural learning (a number of culture-related courses that students attended). We measured creativity by the “Many Instances Game” from the Runco Creativity Assessment Battery (rCAB). We measured intercultural competence by the adapted scale of Fantini and Tirmizi. We discovered positive associations of intercultural experiences in the university with students’ creativity. Such components of intercultural competence as attitudes and skills (the adaptability of behavior), played an important role in the students’ creativity. The attitudes were positive and the skills were negative, related to the creativity. We also revealed that these two components of intercultural competence mediated the relationship between the intercultural experiences and creativity of students. Based on the results, we discussed the factors of the educational environment which may enhance or prohibit creativity.

The restoration processes of damaged or lost bone tissue are an important and topical issue of surgical dentistry and maxillofacial surgery today. According to statistics, diseases that are accompaning by destructive changes in bone tissue occupy one of the dominant places among the nosologies of MFA. Along with the use of updated methods of surgical technique, both before and now the problem of choice of bone-plastic material is relevant, because it is known that osteoplasty opens up great opportunities for complete rehabilitation of patients. The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of our developed osteoplastic composition for the restoration of bone defects in dentistry. Materials and methods. X-ray computed tomography to determine bone density was performed in 26 patients with bone defect replacement "Kolapan-L" (group A), 28 people during augmentation of our proposed osteoplastic composition "Kolapan-L" + multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells + platelet-rich plasma) (group B), and 25 patients where the healing of the bone defect occurred spontaneously (group B). X-ray computed tomography was performed on a 16-slice spiral computed tomography Siemens Somatom Emotionc. Image processing was performed using the program "Dicom". Statistical processing of research results was carried out using conventional methods of variation statistics. Results and discussion. After 1 year of research, the average value of the bone density in patients of group B was probably higher: 1.5 times and 1.8 times relative to the corresponding data in groups A and B. At the same time, the minimum value of the bone density in patients of subgroups A and B was 1.5 times and 1.8 times lower than in persons of group B (p

This article describes an investigation into the level of satisfaction among students at Spain’s National Distance Education University (UNED) regarding use of Facebook groups as an environment for learning. Based on a structural equation methodology, the research analyzed the most relevant personal and socio-educational factors that affect satisfaction. The sample consisted of 418 undergraduate and master’s degree students at UNED’s Faculty of Education; participants were consulted in three semesters between September 2019 and January 2021. The results showed that students who participated in Facebook study groups achieved better results than those who did not, and that they interacted more frequently in these groups than in UNED’s official learning management system. The main latent variables that influenced satisfaction with Facebook study groups were the perception of efficacy they elicited as a complement to distance learning by enabling greater interaction with other students, and the feeling of course companionship they provided. The absence of teacher control also influenced student satisfaction, which allowed students to focus on learning and achieving better results in tests and exams.

Introduction: Early tangential excision (TE) and split-thickness skin graft (STSG) have increased the outcome in burn patients treated at specialized burn centers. This study was conducted to compare the length of stay (LOS) in burn patients undergoing early TE & STSG and delayed TE & STSG. Method: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study including 42 patients with varied burn degrees, and TBSA admitted to Jakarta Islamic Hospital Cempaka Putih (JIHCP) Burn Unit. Patients were assigned to two study groups, the early TE & STSG group including 32 patients and the delayed TE & STSG group including 10 patients. All data were collected from the medical record and compared between two study groups. Result: The mean of LOS in a group with early TE & STSG was shorter (9.81±6.41 days) than LOS in the delayed TE & STSG group (15.80±5.67 days). The data of LOS between these groups were compared using an independent T-test. The LOS in the early TE & STSG group was significantly shorter than the delayed TE & STSG group (p=0.012). Conclusion: In patients with burn injuries, early TE & STSG is associated with a shorter length of stay than the delayed TE & STSG. Our study indicates that early excision within five days after burn injury is optimal to reduce the length of stay in burn patients.

Quasi-median graphs have been introduced by Mulder in 1980 as a generalisation of median graphs, known in geometric group theory to naturally coincide with the class of CAT(0) cube complexes. In his PhD thesis, the author showed that quasi-median graphs may be useful to study groups as well. In the present paper, we propose a gentle introduction to the theory of groups acting on quasi-median graphs., 16 pages. Comments are welcome

The study aimed to measure the impact of social media on academic achievement among a sample of Northern Border University students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The study seeks to reach a cognitive perception to recognize the effect of using social media on academic achievement in university students. It relied upon the quantitative and qualitative distribution of each type of social media application among students to determine the importance of social media informing study groups amongst themselves and with faculty members. This helped to identify the negative and positive effects of using social media applications on the process of academic achievement among Northern Border University students. To achieve those objectives, the researchers used the descriptive survey methodology, with the questionnaire used as a study tool. The most prominent results showed that a wide range of students at the University is highly interested in using social media in academic achievement and in communicating with the Faculty members. The study also concluded with a proposal to increase the activation of social media as an important tool for increasing the rate of academic achievement among Northern Border University students.

To identify baseline characteristics of subjects enrolled in the READ-3 study that would predict the response of macular edema to ranibizumab (RBZ) therapy at year 1. In this post hoc analysis of the READ-3 randomized, multicenter phase 2 clinical trial, subjects with diabetic macular edema (DME) were randomized to receive monthly intravitreal injections of RBZ (0.5 or 2.0 mg) for 6 consecutive injections followed by as-needed treatments based on pre-defined retreatment criteria. In this sub-study, subjects were divided into three groups (persistent, rebound, and resolved) based on edema status at month 12 (M12). Multi-logistic regression was utilized to assess the probability of edema outcomes M12, based on the baseline characteristics. One hundred twenty-three out of 152 subjects were analyzed for this sub-study. A significant difference was observed in the baseline (BL) central subfield thickness (CST) among the study groups (p 80% probability of the subject having persistent edema if BL CST was > 570 μm (p 80% probability of edema persistence at CST > 570 μm [RR, 1.006; p 0.05). Subjects with high CST (> 570 μm) at baseline may not benefit from repeated intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF for resolution of edema.

The quality of students in school has a lot of diversity, this makes students have different levels of understanding. This can be seen from the variety of student scores obtained on report card scores, this needs to be a concern for the school, especially teachers. One of them is by forming effective study groups so that every student has the opportunity to excel. So this research was carried out with the aim of helping schools, especially teachers, to map student study groups evenly based on student report cards obtained in Semester I to Semester IV. The method used was clustering with the K-Means algorithm on the report card scores of Class IX.C students at SMP Pembangunan Laboratorium UNP. The results in this study obtained 3 clusters of students, namely students with High Achievement, Achievement and Less Achievement. This research can be used as a guide for teaching teachers in making decisions about the formation of student study groups in Class IX.C.

Introduction: What will be the prevalence of dyschromatopsia in aviator pilots and their relation to aeronautica llabor factors?, comparative study. Introduction. Persons with defects in the perception of colors make more mistakes, take more time to react, and need tobe nearer to the colored objects, compared with who see colors in a normal way, this deficiency is named dyschromatopsia or commonly called Daltonism, in honorto John Dalton (1794)1. Objective: Determinate the prevalence of dyschromatopsia in the flying pilots and itsrelation with aeronautical labor factors. Methods: It was realized a comparative study in three study groups, two groups of flying pilots and a control group, through the use of two methods to diagnose: the Ishihara plates and the Farnsworth Munsell 100 Hue and the first stage of a labor situational diagnostic was carried out to identify, reckon up, define and analyze risks that could explain the probable causes of acquired dyschromatopsia. Results: The prevalence of dyschromatopsia in flying pilots and the control group, for this study, was similar to that described in the literature.The frequency of acquired color blindness was higher in the group of rotary wing pilots. Conclusion: It was found statistical association between alcohol consumption and acquired dyschromatopsia.

تهدف الدراسة للتحقق من التساؤل الآتي: ما مدى فاعلية برنامج قائم على استخدام استراتيجيات ما وراء المعرفة في تنمية الفهم القرائي؟ وتکونت عينة الدراسة من (26) تلميذا، تم تقسيمهم إلى مجموعتين: الأولى تجريبية، وقوامها (13) تلميذا، والثانية ضابطة وقوامها (13) تلميذا، وتم اختيارهم من مدارس القرائن، وعلي بن أبي طالب، والشهباء للتعليم الاساسي حلقة ثانية بنين- إمارة الشارقة، وتوزيعهم على فئات المعالجة التجريبية والضابطة. ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة قامت الباحثة بعمل اختبار تحصيلي يقيس مهارات الفهم القرائي، وتم استخدام المنهج شبه التجريبي، تم تحليل النتائج الکمية الخاصة بالفروق بين أداء مجموعتي الدراسة باستخدام اختبار(لابارامترى) لحساب دلالة الفروق بين متوسطات رتب درجات التلاميذ. وقد أظهرت النتائج في مجملها أن استخدام برنامج مقترح قائم على استراتيجيات ما وراء المعرفة کان له أثر إيجابي في تنمية الفهم القرائي لدى تلاميذ الصف السابع من ذوي صعوبات التعلم، وذلک لصالح المجموعة التجريبية. The study aims to verify How effective is a proposed program based on using metacognitive strategies .The sample of the study consisted of (26) pupils, divided into two groups: the first experiment, consists of (13) pupils, and the second officer, consists of (13) pupils. They were selected from Al Qarayn School, Ali bin Abu Talib School, and Al Shahba School for Primary Education and second cycle boys from Emirate of Sharjah. The researcher carried out an achievement test that measures the skills of reading comprehension. Semi-expermental approach has been used, the quantitative results of the differences between the performances of the two study groups were analyzed using a labarometric test to calculate the significance of the differences between the grades. The overall results indicated that the use of a proposed program based on metacognitive strategies had a positive effect on the development of reading comprehension among seventh-grade students with learning disabilities for the experimental group

هدفت إلى اختبار فاعلية استخدام استراتيجية التعلم باللعب في خفض شدة الاضطرابات السلوکية لدى الأطفال ذوي نقص الانتباه وفرط النشاط. اعتمدت الدراسة المنهج شبه التجريبي، حيث تم تطبيق الدراسة على عينة مکونة من (60) طفلا في الصف السادس الابتدائي بإحدى مدارس التربية الخاصة بمدينة بنها بمحافظة القليوبية في خلال العام الدراسي 2019/ 2020م، وتم تقسيمها إلى مجموعتين التجريبية (30) طفلا، والتي تم تدريسها باستخدام استراتيجية التعلم باللعب، والمجموعة الضابطة (30) طفلا، والتي تم تدريسها بالطرقة العادية، تم إعداد بطاقة ملاحظة الاضطرابات السلوکية مع الأطفال ذوي نقص الانتباه وفرط النشاط، وتم حساب الصدق والثبات لأدوات الدراسة، وتم تطبيق الأدوات على مجموعتين الدراسة قبليا وبعديا، وبعد تحليل البيانات إحصائيا توصلت النتائج إلى وجود فروق دالة إحصائيا بين درجات المجموعة التجريبية في القياسين القبلي والبعدي لصالح متوسطات درجات القياس البعدي في الاضطرابات السلوکية لدى الأطفال ذوي نقص الانتباه وفرط النشاط. کذلک وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في القياس البعدي للاضطرابات السلوکية لدى الأطفال ذوي نقص الانتباه وفرط النشاط بين المجموعتين التجريبية والضابطة لصالح المجموعة التجريبية. وتمت التوصية بضرورة الاهتمام باستراتيجية التعلم باللعب وضرورة دمجها في المناهج عامة وبالأخص في علاج الاضطرابات السلوکية لدى لأطفال ذوي نقص الانتباه وفرط النشاط والتوسع في استخدامها في مختلف المراحل والمواد الدراسية. The effectiveness of using a playful learning strategy in reducing the severity of behavioral disorders with ADHD The study aimed to test the effectiveness of using a playful learning strategy in reducing the severity of behavioral disorders in ADHD. The study adopted the semi-experimental approach, where the study was applied on a sample consisting of (60) children in the sixth grade of one of the special education schools in the city of Banha, Qalyubia Governorate, during the 2019/2020 academic year, and it was divided into two experimental groups (30) children, which were It was taught using the strategy of learning by playing, and the control group (30) children, which was taught in the normal way. A behavioral disorders note card was prepared with children with attention deficit and hyperactivity, and the validity and reliability of the study tools were calculated, and the tools were applied to the two study groups, before and after, and after Analyzing the data statistically, the results revealed that there are statistically significant differences between the scores of the experimental group in the pre and post measurements in favor of the averages of the scores for the post-measurement in behavioral disorders in children with attention deficit and hyperactivity. Also, there were statistically significant differences in the post-measurement of behavioral disorders in children with attention deficit and hyperactivity between the experimental and control groups in favor of the experimental group. It was recommended that attention should be paid to the learning by play strategy and the need to integrate it into the curricula in general and in particular in the treatment of behavioral disorders for children with attention deficit and hyperactivity, and to expand its use in

Self-reported physical activity differs from activity levels measured by device. We tested the effect of a video that visualizes the intensity levels of physical activity to increase the agreement between self-reported and accelerometer-based moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) within a single-blinded, randomized study. Participants (N = 378, 40-75 years) wore an accelerometer for seven days. Prior to the collection of self-reported data by the IPAQ-SF, participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to a control group (CG) or a video group (VG). The outcome was the absolute difference between self-reported and accelerometer-based time spent in MVPA (Δ MVPAIPAQ-Accelerometry ). To examine the agreement, we used Spearman correlation coefficients and Bland-Altman analysis. To test the video effect, we used Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Bayes factor, and simultaneous-quantile regression. In total, 302 participants fulfilled the accelerometer wear time criteria (≥10 hours/day; ≥6 days) and completed self-reports within three days after the wearing period. The median of Δ MVPAIPAQ-Accelerometry was -9.0 min/day (IQR: -32.0 to 66.6) for CG and -11.5 min/day (IQR: -29.9 to 14.3) for VG. Wilcoxon signed-rank test revealed no differences in Δ MVPAIPAQ-Accelerometry between study groups whereas Bayes factor indicated insensitivity of the data. Simultaneous-quantile regression revealed no relationship between video presentation and Δ MVPAIPAQ-Accelerometry in the 25th percentile. In the 50th (b = -12.4 [95% CI = -23.2 to -1.5] and 75th percentile (b = -45.7 [95% CI = -70.5 to -20.9]), Δ MVPAIPAQ-Accelerometry was negatively associated with video presentation. To conclude, video-supported assessment may increase the accuracy of self-reported MVPA among individuals who slightly underestimated and those who overestimated their MVPA.

While the mandate to adopt digital textbooks in the U.S. state of Florida is looming for the next school year, there has been few discussion about how to provide professional development for school librarians who will be expected to play a leadership role. This study identifies both preferred and anticipated methods of professional development of Florida school librarians and the gap between them. It has been found that school librarians wish to initiate their training with other colleagues through workshops and study groups, which will enable them to discuss digital textbooks, and build networks with respect to the new technology. The anticipated way, however, reflects the environment of solo librarians. In conclusion, this study urges that professional development that will enlarge their viewpoint and enhance their awareness of the need for methods of implementation of digital textbooks, is urgently required.

Howard JM Warren,1 Gabriela Ioachim,1 Jocelyn M Powers,1 Patrick W Stroman1– 3 1Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; 2Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; 3Department of Physics, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, CanadaCorrespondence: Patrick W StromanQueen’s University, Centre for Neuroscience Studies, 2nd Floor, Botterell Hall, 18 Stuart Street, Kingston, K7L 3N6, Ontario, CanadaTel +1-613-533-3245Email stromanp@queensu.caPurpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the utility of data-driven analyses of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data, by means of structural equation modeling, for the investigation of pain processing in fibromyalgia (FM).Patients and Methods: Datasets from two separate pain fMRI studies involving healthy controls (HC) and participants with FM were re-analyzed using both a conventional model-driven approach and a data-driven approach, and the results from these analyses were compared. The first dataset contained 15 women with FM and 15 women as healthy controls. The second dataset contained 15 women with FM and 11 women as healthy controls.Results: Consistent with previous studies, the model-driven analyses did not identify differences in pain processing between the HC and FM study groups in both datasets. On the other hand, the data-driven analyses identified significant group differences in both datasets.Conclusion: Data-driven analyses can enhance our understanding of pain processing in healthy controls and in clinical populations by identifying activity associated with pain processing specific to the clinical groups that conventional model-driven analyses may miss.Keywords: human, brain, pain, neuroimaging, fibromyalgia, chronic pain

This study aims to describe the activeness of the members of the physics science study group by implementing the Ludo Board Game and seeing the students' responses to the application of the Ludo Board Game in increasing the activity of the members of the physics science learning group. To achieve this goal, descriptive research has been carried out using the Ludo Board Game game. The subjects of this study were students of class VIII MTS DDI Seppange in the 2019/2020 school year, which may be 24 people. The data research method used was observation (observation), questionnaires, interview techniques and documentation. Furthermore, the analysis technique is carried out by means of proportional descriptive data analysis. The results showed that the increase in the activity of students' study groups after the implementation of the Ludo Board Game (LBG). Meanwhile, the students' responses to the application of Ludo Board Game in increasing the activeness of members of the physics science study group were very feasible, namely for the quality of the content with an eligibility level of 81.25% and a 94.53% usage level.

Hypothesis/Aims of study. At present, there is no doubt about the importance of the problem of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and the search for the best way to eliminate it. Sling operations in SUI treatment are the most popular in world and domestic practice. However, they are not without certain complications. In this regard, it becomes relevant to determine the factors for predicting their effectiveness and safety. The aim of this study was to conduct a comparative study of the effectiveness of two anti-stress operations: TVT-Obturator® and urethrovesicopexy with vaginal flap, by using echography of the urethrovesical segment. Study design, materials and methods. During the period from 2011 to 2018, 105 incontinent patients were examined and operated on. Two groups were formed: Group 1 consisted of 52 patients who underwent TVT-Obturator® surgery, Group 2 included 52 patients who underwent urethrovesicopexy with vaginal flap. In all patients, the anatomical topographic position of the bladder and urethrovesical segment, the internal urethral sphincter status, as well as the angles α and β were determined, based on which the conclusion about the type of SUI was made and, accordingly, the adequate method of surgical intervention was determined. Results. Before the operation, the angle α averaged 37.2 ± 10.11, with 24.7 ± 4.64 a year after the operation and 26.8 ± 3.72 five years after the operation. Rotation of the angle α in the study groups >20° before surgery did not significantly affect the presence of long-term complications, urinary retention after a year and five years, and recurrence of urinary incontinence. After the operation, there was an increase in the angle β after a year ( p = 0.0032) and five years ( p = 0.0035) and in the total urethral length after a year ( p = 0.0022), but after five years, this parameter did not differ significantly from that before surgery ( p = 0.29). Conclusion. TVT-Obturator® and urethrovesicopexy with vaginal flap are equally effective ( p > 0.05) in the surgical treatment of female SUI in both the nearest postoperative period (96.2% and 94.3%, respectively) and the distant period (90.4% and 88.7%, respectively).

The aim of the study : to reveal the particularities of the concentration of cytokines IL4, IL6, IL10, IL17, IFNγ in blood serum in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Materials and methods. The blood samples obtained from children of two study groups: children with autism spectrum disorder ( n = 93) and clinically healthy children ( n = 30), served as the material for the study. Cytokine concentrations were determined in blood serum using the Bender Medsystems (Austria) kits for IL17A and Vector-Best (Russia) kits for IL4, IL6, IL10, IFNγ. Serum cytokine concentrations were determined by enzyme immunoassay using kits for IL17A (Bender Medsystems, Austria), IL4, IL6, IL10, IFNγ (Vector-Best, Russia). Assessment of cognitive and psychophysiological indicators in children was performed using the Autism Treatment Evaluation Checklist (ATEC). Results. The concentrations of IL17A ( U = 54; p = 0,015) and IFNγ ( U = 4.64; p = 0,006) were increased and the concentrations of IL6 ( U = 327; p = 0.001) and IL4 ( U = 177; p = 0.001) were decreased in children with ASD. The concentration of IL6 correlates with the concentration of IL4 ( r = 0.68; p < 0.05). The concentration of IL17A correlates with the concentration of IFNγ ( r = 0.41; p < 0.05), IL6 ( r = 0.87; p < 0.05) and ATEC score ( r = 0.24; p < 0.05) in the group of children with ASD. Conclusion . The cytokine disbalance in children with ADS, which was observed in our study, confirms the hypothesis of their participation in the development of the disease and clearly shows the Th17 immunoregulation pathway in the pathogenesis of the autism spectrum disorder.

This study groups third-party conflict management techniques (CMTs) into binding and non-binding approaches to examine whether and how their sequence and, in more detail, changes therein explain th...

The main goal of this study was to examine the impact of blended learning on the academic achievement of undergraduate students in the general chemistry (CHE101) course. The participants' learners of the study were (326) learners, who were randomly split into two groups, one of which taught by using blended learning (empirical group A, n = 163) and the other which with taught by using the conventional method (control group B, n = 163). To accomplish the objectives of the study, the researchers prepared the study tool, which is an achievement test, after confirming its validity and reliability. Data analyses showed that there is a statistically significant difference among the mean scores of learners in the two study groups on the achievement test, for the benefit of empirical group learners, who taught through blended learning. Moreover, the results revealed that achievement varied according to the College of the learners in the empirical group (in favor of those students of Pharmacy and Health Sciences College). However, there is no statistically significant difference in students according to the students’ gender variable and, according to the Academic year variable. The study recommended that blended learning be used more widely to cover different sectors of education.