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Bananas fruits are widely consumed in the world. In Brazil, the role of agriculture activities in the economy and society is huge, especially for banana farmers. The most popular variety of bananas in Brazil are Prata, Grand Naine, Williams and Nanicão; however, all of them have at least one undesirable trait such as height, yield, vegetative cycle, pests and diseases tolerances, drought or cold resistance and fruit quality. This literature review aims to evaluate agronomic performance and fruit quality of new genotypes of the Prata and Cavendish subgroups, and to make further recommendations on high quality genotypes to Brazilian banana producers. Therefore, a literature review of previously acquired data was conducted and the outcomes indicated genotypes’ adaptability to specific region that assessed vegetative and productive attributes of new cultivars, in comparison to most commercially exploited ones, which have already shown high vulnerability to pests and diseases. These outcomes will then facilitate banana producers the opportunity to select the most stable and adaptable genotypes according to environmental conditions.

FHIA 18 is a hybrid banana that could replace cultivar Prata, which is highly affected by Black Sigatoka and Panama disease. Still, there is a paucity of literature on FHIA 18 nutrient requirements, especially phosphorus. Nevertheless, we aimed to estimate the best phosphorus levels and its effect on the productive characteristics of FHIA 18 during three crop cycles in the city of São Manuel, state of São Paulo. Triple superphosphate has been given at recommended rates of 0, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 year-1 for three crop cycles that occurred in January 2014 (first cycle), August 2014 (second cycle) and June 2015 (third cycle). Results indicated that maximum fruit number per bunch was achieved at 30 and 26 kg P2O5 ha-1, corresponding to second and third cycle, respectively. Moreover, there was an increase in bunch mass, fruit mass, number of hands per bunch, mass and length of the fruit in the second hand, when P2O5 reached its maximum values from 20 to 34 kg P2O5 ha-1 year-1, but fruits diameter decreased. Results also showed that FHIA 18 required lower level of P2O5 to achieve maximum yield than the recommended doses for other banana cultivars in the state of São Paulo. Therefore, this current study recommends a rate of 22 kg P2O5 ha-1 year-1 for FHIA 18 to reach its maximum production.

The constant need for innovation in the food industries to meet the demands of consumers and the growing market for gluten-free and high-protein products have driven studies of mixed flour. In this study, 'BRS Platina' banana fruits were processed to obtain Whole Green Banana Flour (WGBF) and Green Banana Pulp Flour (GBPF) as well as leaves of Ora-pro-nóbis Flour (OPNF). Mixed flours were prepared by blending banana flours (WGBF or GBPF) with increasing levels of OPNF (from 5 to 25%). Flours were analyzed for physicochemical characteristics, mineral contents, Water Absorption Index (WAI), Water Solubility Index (WSI), and color. The main component of banana flours was starch, in which GBPF has the highest content. The WGBF had a higher mineral content, and in both flours, the potassium was at a greater level. OPNF showed the highest protein and mineral contents. Independent of the type of banana flour, mixed flours were darker, and had higher WAI and considerable increases in Mg, Fe, and Zn than no mixed ones. The blend of banana flours and Ora-pro-nóbis leaf flour can be a viable combination for preparing a variety of food products, due to its nutritional and technological properties. Resumo A constante necessidade de inovação nas indústrias alimentícias para atender às demandas dos consumidores e o crescente mercado de produtos sem glúten e com alto teor proteico têm impulsionado os estudos de farinhas mistas. Neste estudo, frutos de banana 'BRS Platina' foram processados para obtenção de farinha integral de banana verde (WGBF) e farinha de polpa de banana (GPBF), e folhas de ora-pro-nóbis foram processadas para obtenção de farinha (OPNF). As farinhas mistas foram preparadas pela mistura de farinhas de banana (WGBF ou GPBF) com níveis crescentes de OPNF (5 a 25%). As farinhas foram analisadas quanto a características físico-químicas, teores de minerais, índice de absorção de água (IAA), índice de solubilidade em água (ISA) e cor. O principal componente das farinhas de banana foi o amido, com maior teor na GBPF. A WGBF apresentou maior teor de minerais, com o potássio em maior quantidade. A farinha de ora-pro-nóbis apresentou altos teores proteico e mineral. Independentemente do tipo de farinha de banana, as farinhas mistas mostraram-se mais escuras, tiveram maior absorção de água e aumentos consideráveis de Mg, Fe e Zn. Misturas de farinhas de banana e farinha de folha de ora-pro-nóbis podem ser uma combinação viável para a formulação de diversos produtos alimentícios, devido às suas propriedades nutricionais e tecnológicas.

Starch is widely used in the food and non-food industries, and this is related to its physicochemical characteristics. In the coming years, climate changes will become unpredictable, and these conditions may affect the process of starch biosynthesis and polymer properties. The sweet potato starch market has grown substantially in recent years and understanding the environmental impacts on starch characteristics will contribute to advances for the sector. Herein, the effects of the growing season on the structural, morphological, and physicochemical properties of sweet potato starches were evaluated. Sweet potato trials with two Brazilian cultivars (Canadense and Uruguaiana) were installed in the dry season (planting in March and harvesting in July) and rainy season (planting in October and harvesting in March). Regardless of the cultivar, starches isolated from plants grown in the rainy season have a more ordered structure, with higher gelatinization temperatures, thermal stability, and resistant starch content. Starches from plants grown in the dry season have a higher percentage of small granules with lower crystallinity and lower gelatinization temperatures. These findings can be useful as early knowledge of these changes can help the supply chain to better plan and target suitable markets for naturally modified sweet potato starches.

Fruit production has increased, which has led to an increase in fruit wastage, opening up new opportunities for the use of non-standard fruits as starch sources. Herein, the physicochemical properties of mango starches isolated from the pulp and kernel of four cultivars were investigated. The pulp starches showed higher purity with total starch ranging from 97.84 to 98.09% (dry basis). The kernel starches had a higher percentage of other components (ash, fiber, lipids, protein, sugars). The main mineral in the starches was potassium (0.37 to 1.32 g/kg). Pulp starches were circular and smaller (15–79 to 16.70 µm) and kernel starches were oval and larger (19.75 to 25.33 µm). Differential scanning calorimetry and rapid viscosity studies showed that the kernel starches had higher gelatinization properties. The mango starches were A-type with varying crystallinity levels (28.37–32.35%). PCA analysis showed the greater impact of gelatinization properties on the grouping of cultivars. These findings would be useful for adding commercial value to mango agricultural and industrial waste and for industries in terms of using the starch as an ingredient in food products and other industrial applications.

The cultivar Sanguínea de Mombuca (Citrus sinensis [L.] Osbeck) bears lycopene-rich fruits with attractive red pulp and high nutritional value; thus, this cultivar has the potential to diversify orchards for the production of fruits for natural consumption and juice. Therefore, studies on the productive performance in combination with rootstocks are required. This study evaluated the phenological cycles, yield, ripening curve, and fruit quality of this cultivar grafted onto ‘Rangpur’ lime and ‘Swingle’ citrumelo. The study was conducted in the Midwest of the state of São Paulo, in the subtropical region of southeastern Brazil, and the field experiment was performed over two consecutive seasons. Rootstocks had little effect on the duration of the phenological cycles. The fruit ripening curve predicted the time of harvest as approximately 240 days after anthesis, regardless of rootstock. Fruits harvested from trees grafted onto ‘Swingle’ citrumelo showed higher levels of soluble solids and sugars and higher technological indices. The larger number of fruits and greater fresh weight confirmed that better yield performance occurred with the trees grafted onto the ‘Rangpur’ lime as opposed to the ‘Swingle’ citrumelo rootstock.

BIOLOGIA FLORAL, CICLOS FENOLÓGICOS E DESENVOLVIMENTO DE FRUTOS DE DOIS CULTIVARES DE NOGUEIRA MACADÂMIA EM SÃO MANUEL – SP RAFAEL BIBIANO FERREIRA1, MARCELO DE SOUZA SILVA2, JACKSON MIRELLYS AZEVÊDO SOUZA3, JOYCE HELENA MODESTO4, SARITA LEONEL 1Departamento de Horticultura, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Avenida Universitária, n° 3780, Altos do Paraíso, Botucatu – SP, Brasil, CEP 18610-034, e-mail: aprigio_bibiano@hotmail.com; 2Departamento de Horticultura, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Avenida Universitária, n° 3780, Altos do Paraíso, Botucatu – SP, Brasil, CEP 18610-034, e-mail: mace-lo-souza@hotmail.com; 3Departamento de Horticultura, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Avenida Universitária, n° 3780, Altos do Paraíso, Botucatu – SP, Brasil, CEP 18610-034, e-mail: jackson.mirellys@hotmail.com; 4Departamento de Horticultura, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Avenida Universitária, n° 3780, Altos do Paraíso, Botucatu – SP, Brasil, CEP 18610-034, e-mail: Joyce_helena_modesto@hotmail.com; 5Departamento de Horticultura, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Avenida Universitária, n° 3780, Altos do Paraíso, Botucatu – SP, Brasil, CEP 18610-034, e-mail: sarita.leonel@unesp.br. RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a biologia floral, os ciclos fenológicos e o desenvolvimento dos frutos de cultivares de nogueira macadâmia em São Manuel, SP. Utilizaram-se os cultivares HAES 344 e HAES 660. Quando em pleno florescimento, avaliou-se, nas inflorescências, o comprimento do racemo, o número total de flores e a porcentagem de flores em pré-antese, antese e senescentes. Para a avaliação dos ciclos fenológicos e desenvolvimento dos frutos, marcaram-se ramos com gemas intumescidas, as quais foram avaliadas até a formação e queda natural dos frutos. Após a emissão dos primeiros frutos, avaliou-se o número, o comprimento e o diâmetro em intervalos quinzenais. No final das avaliações, determinou-se o número total e a porcentagem de frutos maduros em relação ao número inicial de flores. Com base nos resultados, verifica-se que após o início do florescimento ocorre grande desuniformidade nos racemos das plantas, que se estendem durante todo período produtivo. ‘HAES 344’ e ‘HAES 660’ possuem estádios fenológicos semelhantes, em relação à época e duração dos mesmos. O maior crescimento dos frutos, de ambas as cultivares, ocorre entre 30 e 90 dias após a antese, enquanto que o maior abortamento concentra-se após a antese para o cultivar HAES 344. Palavras-chaves: Macadamia integrifólia, fenologia, nozes, botânica. FLORAL BIOLOGY, PHENOLOGICAL CYCLES AND FRUIT DEVELOPMENT OF TWO MACADAMIA WALNUT CULTIVARS IN SÃO MANUEL – SP ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate floral biology, phenological cycles and fruit set development of macadamia cultivars in the city of São Manuel, state of São Paulo, Brazil. Therefore, two cultivars were evaluated such as HAES 344 and HAES 660. During full blooming period, the following analyses were made in inflorescences: raceme length; total flower number; the percentage of pre-anthesis, anthesis and flower senescence. For phenological cycles and fruit set development, swollen buds were marked on branches to be evaluated until fruit formation and ripe fruits fall. When fruits began to appear, their number, length and diameter were evaluated every fortnight. At the end of evaluations, the total number and percentage of ripe fruits were determined concerning the initial flower number. Results indicated that racemes began after flowering throughout the productive period. Also, HAES 344 and HAES 660 have similar phenological stages with regards to time and duration. Furthermore, the highest fruit growth of both cultivars occurred between 30 and 90 days after anthesis; however, the largest abortion was mainly concentrated after anthesis for HAES 344. Keywords:Macadamia integrifólia, fenology, nuts, botany.

A bananeira “BRS FHIA 18” é um híbrido tetraploide de “Prata Anã” (subgrupo Prata), que apresenta resistência à “Sigatoka-negra” e ao “Mal-do-Panamá”, demonstrando ser um material genético promissor para a substituição dos cultivares do tipo Prata, em áreas comerciais com a incidência dessas doenças. Devido a isso, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar características produtivas do 2° ciclo da planta, no município de Botucatu-SP. Foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis de produção: massa das pencas (kg), massa da ráquis (kg), massa do cacho (kg), número de frutos por cacho, massa média dos frutos (g), número de pencas por cacho e produtividade; na 2а penca foram avaliados a massa, número, comprimento e diâmetro dos frutos. Foi utilizado o método das estatísticas descritivas para a avaliação das características do híbrido, através dos cálculos das médias e do desvio padrão. Os resultados mostraram que o híbrido “BRS FHIA 18” apresentou bom desempenho produtivo nas condições edafoclimáticas de Botucatu-SP, com alta quantidade de frutos por cacho (116 frutos) e produtividade média de 19,75 t ha-1, valor próximo ao rendimento produtivo médio atual no estado de São Paulo.

Choosing cultivars that require less chilling temperatures to overcome dormancy is crucial, for example, peaches that grow in subtropical areas, which is not an appropriate climate for them. Thus, alternative techniques are necessary to induce sprouting. Yet there are not many available products in market, restricting options for fruit growers to a reduced number of chemical molecules, which are often harm the health to applicators. Therefore, this study aimed to assess phenological cycles and productive performance of three peach cultivars, submitted to foliar nitrogen fertilizer and calcium nitrate to induce sprouting. This study took place at Experimental Orchard of School of Agriculture (FCA, UNESP), Botucatu, state of São Paulo. Three peach cultivars were evaluated: ‘Douradão’, ‘BRS Kampai’ and ‘BRS Rubimel’ by applying four doses of foliar nitrogen fertilizer (FNF) at 0, 1.25, 2.50 and 3.75%; associated with 4% calcium nitrate. A 3x4 factorial arrangement (3 cultivars X 4 FNF doses) in a randomized block design was used, with 4 replicates and 2 plants per plot, totalizing 96 plants. Results indicated that FNF positively affected cultivars development, providing wider sprouting, flowering and fruit set; consequently, greater production. Then FNF became a good alternative to induce sprouting in peaches at mild winter temperatures. Moreover, ‘BRS Rubimel’ presented high sowing percentage associated with low flowering and fruit set percentages, that is, low production mainly caused by its lack of adaptability to studied region. A escolha de cultivares mais adaptados, com menor exigência em acúmulo de horas de frio para superação da dormência, é fundamental para o cultivo do pessegueiro em regiões subtropicais. Uma vez que estas regiões não possuem condições ideais para o cultivo do pessegueiro, torna-se necessário a utilização de técnicas alternativas, como a aplicação de indutores de brotação. Entretanto, no mercado ainda existem poucos produtos disponíveis para esta finalidade, restringindo as opções do fruticultor a um número reduzido de moléculas químicas, que muitas vezes apresentam elevada toxicidade ao aplicador. Dentro deste contexto, objetivou-se com o presente trabalho avaliar os ciclos fenológicos e o desempenho produtivo de três cultivares de pessegueiro, submetidos à aplicação de fertilizante foliar nitrogenado e nitrato de cálcio para a indução da brotação das plantas. O trabalho foi realizado no pomar experimental da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas da Universidade Estadual Paulista, campus Botucatu, SP. Foram avaliados os cultivares de pessegueiro Douradão, BRS Kampai e BRS Rubimel e quatro doses de fertilizante foliar nitrogenado (FFN): 0; 1,25; 2,50 e 3,75%, associadas a 4% de nitrato de cálcio. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com 12 tratamentos, 4 repetições e 2 plantas por parcela, totalizando 96 plantas, em esquema fatorial, compreendendo 3 cultivares e 4 doses de FFN. O FFN afetou positivamente o desenvolvimento dos cultivares, proporcionando maior brotação, florescimento e fixação de frutos e, consequentemente, maior produção, configurando como boa alternativa para a indução de brotação de pessegueiros em regiões de inverno ameno. O cultivar BRS Rubimel apresentou elevado percentual de brotação associado a baixos percentuais de florescimento e fixação de frutos, o que refletiu em menor produção, evidenciando sua menor adaptabilidade à região de Botucatu - SP.

Now days there has been an increase in the consumers demand for great food, produced in environmentally cost-effective and friendly processes, being increasingly necessary new cultivation techniques able to ensure the required standards for banana growers and consumers. Therefore, the research aimed to evaluate the effects of bunch cover materials on development and quality of ‘BRS Platina’ banana fruits. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with six treatments, four replications and four plants per plot, being the treatments: WB – without bagging; BBTK – black polypropylene bag (TNT) + kraft paper; BBPK - black polyethilene bag + kraft paper; KP – kraft paper; WBT – non-woven polypropylene white bag (TNT) and WBP - white polyethylene plastic bag. The ‘BRS Platina’ banana bunches cover improved fruits quality and the treatment polyethylene white bag (WBP) can be an advantageous option for the banana growers because of its effectiveness on the reduction of damages caused by flowers thrips (Frankliniella spp), providing a good agronomic performance and also does not delay the harvesting., Hoje em dia tem havido um aumento na demanda dos consumidores por bons alimentos produzidos de maneira ambientalmente correta e economicamente viável, sendo cada vez mais necessárias novas técnicas de cultivo capazes de garantir os padrões exigidos pelos produtores e consumidores de banana. Portanto, a pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos dos materiais de cobertura dos cachos no desenvolvimento e na qualidade de frutos de bananeira ‘BRS Platina’. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com seis tratamentos, quatro repetições e quatro plantas por parcela, sendo os tratamentos: WB - sem ensacamento; BBTK - saco de polipropileno preto (TNT) + papel kraft; BBPK - saco de polietileno preto + papel kraft; KP - papel kraft; WBT - saco plástico de polipropileno não tecido (TNT) e WBP - saco plástico de polietileno branco. O ensacamento dos cachos de banana 'BRS Platina' melhoram a qualidade dos frutos e o tratamento com saco branco de polietileno (WBP) pode ser uma opção vantajosa para os bananicultores, por sua eficácia na redução de danos causados ​​pelo tripes de flores (Frankliniella spp), proporcionando um boa desempenho agronômico, além de não retardar a colheita.

The artificial flowering induction in mango tree is the most important crop management in mango orchards and requires greater attention from growers. The management involves three steps: stoppage of plant growth, branch maturation and flowering induction with nitrates. The first stage starts with the application of paclobutrazol to the soil. However, problems with the use of excessive concentrations are common and lead to the accumulation of residues in the soil. In addition, the use of paclobutrazol is not allowed in organic agriculture. Therefore, this review article aimed to compile information about the updates and efforts to solve these problems in conventional mango crops, as well as identify alternatives for its organic management. In conventional orchards, the application of fulvic acids in association with paclobutrazol, as an alternative to the single use of paclobutrazol, was identified as a way to improve the absorption of the product by plants and, consequently, reduce the concentrations and residues in the soil. Researches involving pruning, girdling, fertilization and irrigation should be developed as an alternative to the use of paclobutrazol for the organic crop system of mango cultivars in tropical and subtropical regions. RESUMO A indução ao florescimento artificial em mangueira é o manejo cultural mais importante em pomares e requer maior atenção dos produtores. O manejo envolve três etapas: paralisação do crescimento das plantas, maturação dos ramos e indução ao florescimento com nitratos. A primeira etapa começa com a aplicação de paclobutrazol ao solo. Porém, são comuns problemas com o uso de concentrações excessivas, que levam ao acúmulo de resíduos no solo. Além disso, o uso de paclobutrazol não é permitido na agricultura orgânica. Objetivou-se, neste artigo de revisão, compilar informações sobre as atualizações e esforços para solucionar esses problemas em lavouras convencionais de manga, bem como identificar alternativas para o seu manejo orgânico. Em pomares convencionais, a aplicação de ácidos fúlvicos em associação a paclobutrazol, como alternativa ao uso exclusivo de paclobutrazol, foi identificada como forma de melhorar a absorção do produto pelas plantas e, consequentemente, reduzir as concentrações e resíduos no solo. Pesquisas envolvendo poda, anelamento, fertilização e irrigação devem ser desenvolvidas como alternativa ao uso de paclobutrazol para o cultivo orgânico de cultivares de manga em regiões tropicais e subtropicais.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T17:18:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-06-01 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) The unripe banana has been studied as a potential source of starch for use in various applications. Considering the importance of phosphorus in the biosynthesis of the starch and also the interference of this mineral in starch properties, in this study it was evaluated the effect of rates of phosphate fertilizer applied in the cultivation of ‘Maçã’ banana on the characteristics of the starch. Starches extracted from fruits from different treatments were analyzed for morphological characteristics, X-ray diffraction pattern, relative crystallinity, granule size, amylose, resistant starch and phosphorus levels, as well as, for pasting and thermal properties. Results showed that the phosphate fertilization has interference on the characteristics of the banana starch led to increase of phosphorus content and size of the granules, reduction of crystallinity and resistant starch content, decrease of viscosity peak, breakdown, final viscosity, setback, transitions temperatures and enthalpy. These changes caused by phosphate fertilizer conditions can be increase the applications of the ‘Maçã’ banana starch. Center for Tropical Roots and Starches (CERAT) São Paulo State University (UNESP) Department of Horticulture College of Agricultural Sciences (FCA) UNESP Department of Food Engineering and Technology Institute of Biosciences Language and Physical Sciences (IBILCE) UNESP Center for Tropical Roots and Starches (CERAT) São Paulo State University (UNESP) Department of Horticulture College of Agricultural Sciences (FCA) UNESP Department of Food Engineering and Technology Institute of Biosciences Language and Physical Sciences (IBILCE) UNESP CNPq: 303373/2014-8 CNPq: 304571/2013-0

The nutrient absorption march in fig (Ficus carica L.) trees and other fruit trees has been studied only at the seedling stage, and little is known about nutrient accumulation in perennial plants when the entire life cycle of the plant is considered. To this end, the present study aimed to evaluate nutrient accumulation in the Roxo de Valinhos fig tree, cultivated with and without supplemental irrigation. The split-plot array in time was adopted, with the main factor arranged in a randomized block design with four replications. The main plot was the use of supplemental irrigation and the subplots were the eight data collection time-points. The fig plants were sampled for 0, 40, 80, 120, 160, 200, 240 and 280 days after pruning (DAP). The maximum accumulation of dry matter mass and nutrients occurred between 160 and 240 DAP in both systems. Plants in the irrigated system showed greater overall accumulation of nutrients in all the organs, more prominently in the leaves, branches, and stem. The dry matter mass and nutrient accumulation was in the order stem > leaves > branches > roots > fruit in the irrigated system and branches > stem > leaves > roots > fruit in the non-irrigated system. Key words: Ficus carica L, dry matter mass, nutritional requirement, water irrigation.

Sao Paulo State University (Unesp) School of Agriculture Botucatu, Jose Barbosa de Barros Street

The abscisic acid (ABA) is related to the formation of certain polyphenols, such as anthocyanin, improving the nutritional and commercial quality of the red grapes. In this study, we verified whether the exogenous application of S-ABA favors the accumulation of anthocyanin, the total phenolic compounds and the antioxidant activity of the ‘Rubi’ grape. The experiment was performed during the cycle 2014/2015 with the ‘Rubi’ vine (Vitis vinifera L.) grafted in the rootstock 420-A. The experimental design was composed of randomized blocks, with four treatments and six blocks, in a total of 24 experimental parcels, constituted of one plant each. We used the S-ABA isomer in different concentrations and times of application, 400 mg·L-1 S-ABA in the beginning of the ripening (BR); 400 mg·L-1 at BR + 200 mg·L-1 at 25 days after first application (DAFA); 400 mg·L-1at BR + 400 mg·L-1 at 25 DAFA; besides the control (0 mg·L-1). After 40 days of the first application, the samples were harvested and we verified that the S-ABA induced the accumulation of anthocyanins and total phenolic compounds in the ‘Rubi’ grape. From these results we can recommend two applications of S-ABA, 400 mg·L-1 at BR + 200 mg·L-1 at 25 DAFA.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the phenology, yield and fruit physicochemical characteristics of four persimmon cultivars (Diospyros kaki L.) in Sao Paulo’s Midwest countryside, Brazil. The persimmon cultivars studied were ‘Pomelo’, ‘Rama Forte’, ‘Fuyu’ and ‘Rubi’. The main phenological phases of persimmons trees were evaluated. Despite significant differences between cultivars in the early and intermediate stages of the plants development such as branch development, full blossom and fruiting’s onset, the time required between the fruit’s pruning and harvesting was similar among the cultivars. It could be observed that only ‘Pomelo’ persimmon trees presented male flowers. However on ‘Rubi’, ‘Fuyu’ and ‘Rama Forte’ persimmons trees were found the largest number of female flowers, fruits fixation index and number of fruits per branch. Nevertheless, there were no differences among the cultivars regarding productivity, which could be due to the persimmon fruits physical characteristics. The fruits’ diameter growth behavior was evaluated and it was observed that all cases were defined as double sigmoidal, defined by three single phases. Regarding the chemical characteristics, there were no differences among the cultivars’ pH and soluble solids content; however, in general, the ‘Pomelo’ persimmon fruit presented less titratable acidity and a higher maturation index rating. Key words: Fruit growth, fruit set, flowering, double sigmoid, maturity.

Numerical simulations have been used to investigate the polarity reversal of the transverse domain wall in rectangular magnetic nanowires and the stabilization of the domain wall position after occurring the polarity reversal. In order to control the wall position we have considered two clusters of magnetic impurities, identical and equidistant from the nanowire width axis. Traps of pinning and blocking for the transverse domain wall can be originated from magnetic impurities, consisting of a local variation of the exchange constant. Under suitable excitation amplitudes it is possible to switch the polarity of the transverse domain wall by applying a nanosecond axial magnetic field pulse in a fast and controllable way., This work was partially supported by CNPq, CAPES and FAPEMIG (Brazilian Agencies).

The aim of this study was to evaluate the agronomic performance and fruit quality of ‘Maca’ banana cultivar. A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of phosphorus (P) on the cultivar. The study area presents a subtropical climate, where the mean temperature is 22°C; and the mean rainfall is 1377 mm. The experiment was conducted from November 2012 to May 2014. The experiment design was totally randomized, consisting of six treatments (0, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 kg P2O5 ha -1 ) and seven repetitions. The results indicated that plant height, pseudo-stem diameter, number of live leaves, yield and fruit numbers per bunch increased at 51, 45, 44, 34 and 40 kg P2O5 ha -1 , respectively. The shortest harvest cycle was of 480 days at 60 kg P2O5 ha -1 . In unripe bananas, RSC improved 13% at 47 kg P2O5 ha -1 ; while the highest level of P, Ca and Mg were obtained at 74, 41 and 58 kg P2O5 ha -1 , respectively. During banana ripening, maximum fruit firmness (3.07 N) was achieved at 63 kg P2O5 ha -1 . Application of triple superphosphate fertilizer (at 34 kg P2O5 ha -1 ) increased yield, without changing physicochemical characteristics.

The fruits of quinces are mostly used to produce food and functional products. Studies on this fruit have increased recently aiming to increase the use of quince fruit as industrial raw material. The present study aimed to evaluate ten different cultivars of quince grown in Sao Paulo state, Brazil, regarding weight, transverse and longitudinal diameter, skin and pulp color, firmness, pH, acidity, moisture, ash, starch, lipids, fiber and total sugars of fruits, aiming to provide important information to the industrial applicability. Significant differences were observed between the cultivars for the analyzed parameters. The relationship between transverse and longitudinal diameters of fruits showed mainly globular shape. Analyzing the firmness of the fruits’ pulp it was observed semi-hard pulp. The fruits analyzed were appropriate for consumption and have potential for application in industrial processing.

The aim of this study was to physically and chemically characterize the fruit quality of some mango cultivars grown in a subtropical climate region of Sao Paulo, in the municipality of Sao Manuel. The experiment design was totally randomized, consisting of 4 treatments (Palmer, Parwin, Tommy Atkins and Haden cultivars) and 4 repetitions for the physical analyses and 6 repetitions for the chemical analyses. Each repetition composed of 5 fruit from each cultivar. Fruits from two production years: 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 were used for the study. According to the results we concluded that all of the cultivars are suitable for industrialization. Fruit from the Palmer and Parwin cultivars are interesting, in terms of harvesting and transporting as they showed the best values for firmness. The fruits of the Palmer cultivar presented higher physical and chemical quality.

Micromagnetic simulations have been performed to investigate the suppression of the skyrmion Hall effect in nanotracks with their magnetic properties strategically modified. In particular, we study two categories of magnetically modified nanotracks. One of them, repulsive edges have been inserted in the nanotrack and, in the other, an attractive strip has been placed exactly on the longest axis of the nanotrack. Attractive and repulsive interactions can be generated from the engineering of magnetic properties. For instance, it is known that the skyrmion can be attracted to a region where the exchange stiffness constant is decreased. On the other hand, the skyrmion can be repelled from a region characterized by a local increase in the exchange stiffness constant. In order to provide a background for experimental studies, we vary not only the magnetic material parameters (exchange stiffness, perpendicular magnetocrystalline anisotropy and the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya constant) but also the width of the region magnetically modified, containing either a local reduction or a local increase for each one of these magnetic properties. In the numerical simulations, the skyrmion motion was induced by a spin-polarized current and the found results indicate that it is possible to transport skyrmions around the longest axis of the nanotrack. In practice, the skyrmion Hall effect can be completely suppressed in magnetic nanotracks with strategically modified magnetic properties. Furthermore, we discuss in detail 6 ways to suppress the skyrmion Hall effect by the usage of nanotracks with repulsive edges and nanotracks with an attractive strip.

Micromagnetic simulations have been performed to investigate the controllability of the skyrmion position in antiferromagnetic nanotracks with their magnetic properties modified spatially. In this study we have modeled magnetic defects as local variations on the material parameters, such as the exchange stiffness, saturation magnetization, perpendicular magnetocrystalline anisotropy and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya constant. Thus, we have observed not only pinning (potential well) but also scattering (potential barrier) of antiferromagnetic skyrmions, when adjusting either a local increase or a local reduction for each material parameter. In order to control of the skyrmion motion it is very important to impose certain positions along the nanotrack where the skyrmion can stop. Magnetic defects incorporated intentionally in antiferromagnetic racetracks can be useful for such purpose. In order to provide guidelines for experimental studies, we vary both material parameters and size of the modified region. The found results show that the efficiency of skyrmion trap depends on a suitable combination of magnetic defect parameters. Furthermore, we discuss the reason why skyrmions are either attracted or repelled by a region magnetically modified., arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1810.03754

In this work we have used micromagnetic simulations to report four ways to build traps for magnetic skyrmions. Magnetic defects have been modeled as local variations in the material parameters, such as the exchange stiffness, saturation magnetization, magnetocrystalline anisotropy and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya constant. We observe both pinning (potential well) and scattering (potential barrier) traps when tuning either a local increase or a local reduction for each one of these magnetic properties. It is found that the skyrmion-defect aspect ratio is a crucial parameter to build traps for skyrmions. In particular, the efficiency of the trap is compromised if the defect size is smaller than the skyrmion size, because they interact weakly. On the other hand, if the defect size is larger than the skyrmion diameter, the skyrmion-defect interaction becomes evident. Thus, the strength of the skyrmion-defect interaction can be tuned by the modification of the magnetic properties within a region with suitable size. Furthermore, the basic physics behind the mechanisms for pinning and for scattering is discussed. In particular, we discover that skyrmions move towards the magnetic region which tends to maximize its diameter; it enables the magnetic system to minimize its energy. Thus, we are able to explain why skyrmions are either attracted or repelled by a region with modified magnetic properties. Results here presented are of utmost significance for the development and realization of future spintronic devices, in which skyrmions will work as information carriers.

APLICAÇÃO DE COBRE EM MUDAS CÍTRICAS MARCO ANTONIO TECCHIO1; TATIANA PIRES DE ALMEIDA MERLIM2; SARITA LEONEL1 E HÉLIO GRASSI FILHO3 1 Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Departamento de Horticultura, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Botucatu – SP, Caixa Postal 237. CEP: 18.610-307. E-mail: tecchio@fca.unesp.br; sarinel@fca.unesp.br.2 Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Pesquisador, Monsanto do Brasil, Uberlândia - MG. CEP: 38400-00. Email: Tatiana.merlin@monsanto.com3 Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Departamento de Solos e Recursos Ambientais, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Botucatu – SP, Caixa Postal 237. CEP: 18.610-307. E-mail: heliograssi@fca.unesp.br. 1 RESUMO A produção de mudas em viveiros telados é o alicerce da citricultura paulista e o manejo da adubação constitui-se num dos principais entraves do processo. Nessas condições, a deficiência e o excesso de cobre em mudas cítricas tornou-se um sério problema para os viveiristas. Nesse cenário, realizou-se o presente trabalho com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da aplicação cúprica em mudas cítricas. O experimento foi realizado em viveiro comercial localizado na cidade de Botucatu/SP e consistiu na aplicação de cinco tratamentos: T1 – testemunha, T2 - oxicloreto de cobre (1,8 g L-1), T3 - óxido cuproso (500 g L-1), T4 - quelato de cobre EDTA (0,04 mL L-1) e T5 - sulfato de cobre (2,5g L-1). Após a aplicação dos tratamentos, foram realizadas avaliações a cada 30 dias, durante 5 meses, da altura média de planta (cm), diâmetro médio do caule (mm), massa de matéria seca da parte aérea e radicular (g) e teor médio de cobre nas folhas (mg kg-1) do porta enxerto de limoeiro 'Cravo' (Citrus limonia, Osbeck), nas duas primeiras avaliações e na variedade copa laranjeira 'Valência' (Citrus sinensis, Osbeck), nas três avaliações posteriores. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado com parcelas subdividas no tempo, onde as parcelas corresponderam aos tratamentos com cobre e as subparcelas aos meses de avaliação. Independentemente da fonte de cobre utilizada houve incrementos nas variáveis de crescimento avaliadas. O teor médio de cobre apresentou valores considerados excessivos, principalmente para os produtos aplicados via foliar.­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­Palavras-chaves: Citrus limonia; Citrus sinensis; fibra de coco; crescimento. TECCHIO, M. A.; MERLIM, T. P. A.; LEONEL, S.; GRASSI FILHO, H. COPPER FERTILIZATION IN CITRIC SEEDLINGS 2 ABSTRACT Seedling production in protected nursery is the basis of the São Paulo state citrus culture, and fertilization management is one of the main pitfalls in the process. Copper deficiency and excess in citrus seedlings have become a serious concern for seedling nursery owners. Based on these considerations, the study aimed at evaluating the effects of copper fertilization on citrus seedlings. The experiment was carried out at a commercial seedling nursery in Botucatu city/SP and consisted of 5 treatments: T1 – control, T2 – copper oxyfluoride (1.8 g L-1), T3 – cupric oxide (500 g L-1), T4 – copper chelate EDTA (0.04 mL L-1) and T5 – copper sulphate (2,5g L-1). After treatment allocation, monthly evaluations were performed for 5 months for mean plant height (cm), mean stem diameter (mm), above ground and root dry matter (g) and mean copper level in the leaves (mg kg-1) of the rootstocks of the rangpur lime (Citrus limonia, Osbeck) in the two first evaluations. The three following evaluations were performed in the “Valencia” orange cultivar (Citrus sinensis, Osbeck). The experiment was completely randomized with a split plot design, in which plots corresponded to treatments with copper fertilization, and subplots to months of evaluation. Tj

BIOFERTILIZACAO E ADUBACAO ORGANOMINERAL: CONCENTRACAO DE NUTRIENTES NA FOLHA E PRODUTIVIDADE DE FRUTOS DE PINHEIRA SARITA LEONEL 1 ; JAIRTON FRAGA ARAUJO 2 E MARCO ANTONIO TECCHIO 3 Eng. Agronomo, Doutor, Departamento de Horticultura, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Julio de Mesquita Filho”, Botucatu-SP, CEP 18.610-307, e-mail: sarinel@fca.unesp.br 2 , Eng. Agronomo, Doutor, Departamento de Tecnologia e Ciencias Sociais, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Juazeiro- BA, e-mail: jf-araujo@uol.com.br 3 Eng. Agronomo, Doutor, Departamento de Horticultura, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Julio de Mesquita Filho”, Botucatu-SP. e-mail: tecchio@fca.unesp.br 1 RESUMO A adubacao com o emprego de compostos orgânicos e uma pratica complementar a fertilizacao quimica e absolutamente necessaria no sistema de producao integrada de frutas, o qual ja e uma realidade em praticamente todos os paises da Europa. O Brasil tem tentado se adaptar a esse sistema de producao, no entanto, faltam resultados de pesquisa que possam subsidiar a recomendacao dessas tecnicas aos fruticultores. Nesse contexto, objetivou-se avaliar o emprego de adubos minerais naturais e orgânicos, em associacao com biofertilizantes liquidos (BLE = Biofertilizante Liquido Enriquecido e BF = Biofertilizante Foliar) sobre a diagnose foliar e a produtividade de frutos de pinheira. O experimento foi realizado em um pomar de pinheira com nove anos de idade e sem variedade definida. O espacamento utilizado foi de 4m x 2m, com densidade de plantio de 1.250 plantas ha -1 . Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados com quatro repeticoes e oito tratamentos: T1= plantas sem adubacao; T2= 60g de N; T3= 90 g de N; T4= 30g de N + 15L de BLE + BF a 5%; T5= 60g de N + 30L de BLE + BF a 5%; T6= 90g de N + 45L de BLE + BF a 5%; T7= 120g de N+ 60L de BLE + BF a 5%; T8= 150g de N + 75g de BLE + BF a 5%. As parcelas foram constituidas por 3 plantas, totalizando 32 parcelas e 96 plantas. As variaveis avaliadas foram: produtividade fisica por area e composicao mineral das folhas em macro e micronutrientes. Os tratamentos 3, 4 e 6 proporcionaram produtividades de 23,6 t ha -1 ; 21,9 t ha -1 e 23,0 t ha -1 , respectivamente. Os teores medios de macronutrientes apresentaram-se na faixa adequada para a cultura e dos micronutrientes boro, ferro, manganes e zinco, abaixo da mesma. Palavras-chave: Annona squamosa L . , adubacao orgânica, biofertilizantes, estadios fenologicos LEONEL, S.; ARAUJO, J.F.; TECCHIO, M.A. BIO AND ORGANOMINERAL FERTILIZATION: NUTRIENT CONCENTRATIONS IN THE LEAF AND YIELD OF SUGAR APPLE FRUITS 2 ABSTRACT Fertilization using organic compounds is a complementary practice to chemical fertilization and strictly necessary to the integrated production of fruits, which is already a reality in almost all European countries. Brazil has tried to adapt its crops to that system, however, there is lack of results in the literature to support recommendations of these techniques to fruit growers. Based on these considerations, the aim of this study was to evaluate the use of natural and organic mineral fertilizers in combination with liquid biofertilizers (ELB= Enriched Liquid Biofertilizer and LB = Leaf Biofertilizer) on the diagnosis of the nutritional status and fruit production of sugar apple. The experiment was carried out in a 9-year old fruit farm of sugar apple with a non-defined cultivar. Spacing was 4 m x 2 m and 1,250 plants ha -1 planting density. A randomized block experimental design was used with four replicates and eight treatments: T1= plants with no fertilization; T2= 60g N; T3= 90 g N; T4= 30g N + 15L ELB + 5% LB; T5= 60g N + 30L ELB + 5% LB; T6= 90g N + 45L ELB + 5% LB; T7= 120g N+ 60L ELB + 5% LB; T8= 150g N + 75g ELB + 5% LB. Plots consisted of 3 plants, amounting to 32 plots and 96 plants. The following variables were analyzed: physical yield per area and mineral composition of leaves in macro and micro nutrients. Treatments 3, 4 and 6 led to yields of 23.6 t ha-1; 21.9 t ha-1 and 23.0 t ha-1, respectively. Mean macronutrient levels were appropriate for the crop, whereas boron, iron, manganese and zing micronutrient levels were inappropriate. Keywords: sugar apple fruit, organic manure, biofertilizers, yield.

EPOCAS DE PODA PARA A AMOREIRA-PRETA CULTIVADA EM REGIAO SUBTROPICAL SARITA LEONEL 1 E DANIELA MOTA SEGANTINI 2 1 Eng. Agronomo, Doutor, Departamento de Horticultura, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho", Botucatu-SP, CEP 18.610-307, e-mail: sarinel@fca.unesp.br 2 Eng. Agronomo, Doutoranda do PPGA/Horticultura, Departamento de Horticultura, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho", Botucatu-SP, CEP 18.610-307, e-mail: dani_segantini@hotmail.com 1 RESUMO As frutas ofertadas fora do pico da safra possuem precos mais vantajosos. Nos estados do Sul do Brasil, onde se concentra a maior area de cultivo do pais e predomina o clima temperado, o periodo de colheita da amoreira-preta ocorre de novembro a fevereiro. Com o presente trabalho objetivou-se escalonar a colheita da amoreira-preta, atraves da realizacao da poda hibernal, em diferentes epocas, nas condicoes subtropicais do estado de Sao Paulo, levando-se em conta o desempenho agronomico e a fenologia da cultura,. O presente trabalho foi conduzido na Fazenda Experimental Sao Manuel, no municipio de Sao Manuel-SP. Foram utilizadas plantas de amoreira-preta “Tupy”, de 4 anos de idade, conduzidas em 4 hastes principais, em espaldeira em T, com 1,2 metros de altura. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso, com 4 repeticoes, constando de 5 tratamentos (epocas de poda: 30/05, 27/06, 22/07, 24/08 e 27/09), sendo a parcela experimental representada por 5 plantas. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que foi possivel aumentar o periodo de oferta das frutas, independentemente do emprego da irrigacao. Porem, podas realizadas muito precocemente, afetaram a produtividade da cultura, sendo as epocas mais indicadas entre agosto e setembro. Palavras-chave: Rubus spp, fenologia, producao, sazonalidade LEONEL, S.; SEGANTINI, D.M. PRUNING TIME FOR BLACKBERRY IN THE SUBTROPICAL REGION 2 ABSTRACT It is known that fruits offered out of the harvest peak have higher prices. In southern states in Brazil, where the largest area of cultivation is found in the country, the climate is temperate and the harvest season for blackberry is from November to February. The study aimed at staggering the blackberry harvest by performing the winter pruning at different times in the subtropical conditions of Sao Paulo state, taking into account the agricultural performance and the crop phenology. The experiment was conducted at the Sao Manoel Experimental Farm, Sao Manuel city-SP. Four-year old plants of blackberry “Tupy" cultivar were used and trained in T- espalier using 4 main stems at 1.2m high. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replicates and 5 treatments (pruning times: 30/05, 27/06, 22/07, 24/08 and 27/09), and 5 plants per plot. The results showed that it was possible to extend the harvest period, regardless the irrigation use. However, very early pruning affected crop yield, being August and September the best season for pruning. Keywords: Rubus spp, phenology, production, seasonal variation.

STIMULATE NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE MUDAS DE KUNQUAT ‘NAGAMI’ MARCO ANTONIO TECCHIO 1 ; SARITA LEONEL 1 ; LUIS LESSI DOS REIS 2 ; LILIAN MASSARO SIMONETTI 2 E MARLON JOCIMAR RODRIGUES DA SILVA 2 1 Eng. Agr., Doutor, Departamento de Horticultura, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciencias Agronomicas, Botucatu – SP, Caixa Postal 237. CEP: 18.610-307. E-mail: tecchio@fca.unesp.br ; sarinel@fca.unesp.br . 2 Eng. Agr., estudantes de pos-graduacao, Departamento de Horticultura, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciencias Agronomicas, Botucatu – SP, Caixa Postal 237. CEP: 18.610-307. E-mail: lessireis@fca.unesp.br ; lilian_simonetti@hotmail.com ; marlonjocimar@gmail.com 1 RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do Stimulate ® no crescimento de mudas de Kunquat ‘Nagami’, em condicoes de casa de vegetacao, do Departamento de Horticultura da Faculdade de Ciencias Agronomicas, UNESP. As mudas de Kunquat ‘Nagami’ ( Fortunella sp.), enxertadas sobre Limoeiro ‘Cravo’ ( Citrus limonia Osbeck) foram adquiridas de um viveiro comercial de citros, localizado no municipio de Jacuba-SP, com 30 dias apos a enxertia. Aos 60 dias apos a enxertia, quando as mudas de Kunquat ‘Nagami’ atingiriam altura media de 40 cm e 22 folhas, foram realizadas quatro aplicacoes do bioestimulante Stimulate ® nas seguintes concentracoes: 0, 50, 100, 150 e 200 mL L -1 de solucao. Realizaram-se avaliacoes no crescimento das mudas aos 7, 14 e 21 dias apos a ultima aplicacao de Stimulate ® . Avaliaram-se as variaveis: altura da planta, numero de folhas, massa fresca e seca da parte aerea, massa fresca e seca da raiz, comprimento da raiz principal, diâmetro do caule do porta-enxerto e do caule da copa, area foliar e o indice relativo de clorofila. Obteve-se, com a dose de 200 mL de Stimulate ® L -1 , aumento na altura da planta, no numero de folhas, no comprimento da raiz e no diâmetro da copa das mudas de Kunquat ‘Nagami’. Palavras chaves: Fortunella sp , viveiro, reguladores vegetais TECCHIO, M. A.; LEONEL, S.; REIS, L. L.; SIMONETTI, L. M., SILVA, M. J. R. EFFECT OF STIMULATE ® ON GROWTH OF ‘NAGAMI’ KUNQUAT SEEDLINGS 2 ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Stimulate ® on growth of ‘ Nagami’ Kunquat seedlings in a greenhouse at the Horticulture Department in the College of Agricultural Sciences, UNESP. The seedlings of ‘Nagami’ Kunquat ( Fortunella sp) grafted onto ‘Rangpur’ lime ( Citrus limonia Osbeck) were from a commercial seedling nursery of citrus in Jacuba city-SP and were at 30 days after grafting. At 60 days after grafting, when the seedlings reached 40 cm mean height and 22 leaves, a total of four applications of Stimulate ® plant growth regulator were performed in the following concentrations: 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mL L -1 of solution. Seedling growth evaluations were performed at 7, 14 and 21 days after the last Stimulate ® application. The following variables were evaluated: plant height, number of leaves, above ground fresh and dry matter, fresh and dry matter of roots, length of roots, diameter of the rootstock and canopy stems, leaf area and the relative chlorophyll index. The application of 200 mL Stimulate ® L -1 in ‘Nagami’ Kunquat seedlings led to an increase in plant height, number of leaves, root length and stem diameter of canopies. Keywords: Fortunella sp , seedling nursery, plant growth regulator

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-01T18:45:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2016-04-01T18:51:05Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ISSN2231-0843-2015-09-01-100-107.pdf: 1143249 bytes, checksum: ccf5624ec10b2f76f0fc5d9b60919b75 (MD5) There are many mango cultivars available in different regions. It is about time we analysed their productive behavior in these areas, as well as their phenological performance. This study aimed to evaluate: phenological cycles, thermal time and growth curves of mango fruit cultivars in subtropical conditions. For this study we used the following cultivars: Espada Vermelha, Keitt and Palmer. All the experiments were done at UNESP experimental farm in Sao Manuel (SP), during the agricultural cycle from 2012 to 2013. It was selected 15 branches in each plant, which provided 150 per cultivar. It was determined the number of days of phenological cycles of flowering to fruit ripening, as well as the total number of days to flowering and harvesting. The thermal time was evaluated to each phenological cycle and expressed in accumulation of degree-days. The measurement of the longitudinal diameters (LD) and transverse diameters (TD) of the fruitwere performed in a 12 day’s intervals, from the tenth day after the flowers anthesis, to evaluate the growth curve. Based on the data, it was found that Keitt cultivar requires more days for the fruit to reach physiological maturity and greater accumulation of degree-days to complete its production cycle. The growth curves of the three varieties of fruits have a simple sigmoidal model in function of the days after anthesis. Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas (FCA), Departamento de Horticultura, Botucatu, SP, Brasil Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas (FCA), Departamento de Horticultura, Botucatu, SP, Brasil

Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-21T20:41:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-03-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-10-22T09:47:50Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 WOS000350406200011.pdf: 615417 bytes, checksum: 872fc7b7a23fe6b96c1c164b5f1bde05 (MD5) A tangerineira ‘Sunki’ apresenta grande relevância para a citricultura brasileira por apresentar importantes características para o melhoramento genético e por ser considerada um ótimo portaenxento. Neste contexto, objetivou-se com o presente trabalho estudar a caracterização dos frutos do portaenxerto cítrico ‘Sunki’, em função da posição dos mesmos na planta e também, avaliar a germinação de suas sementes. As características físicas avaliadas foram massa do fruto, diâmetros longitudinal e equatorial dos frutos, relação diâmetro longitudinal/diâmetro equatorial, número de gomos por frutos, massa de gomos e de casca e número de sementes viáveis por fruto. Quanto à caracterização química, foi avaliado acidez titulável, sólidos solúveis, “Ratio”, pH e vitamina C. Para a avaliação dessas variáveis, os frutos foram obtidos dos quadrantes nordeste, sudoeste, noroeste e sudeste. Com relação à avaliação da germinação das sementes, foram utilizadas diferentes doses de ácido giberélico e Stimulate. As sementes, extraídas de frutos maduros, foram lavadas, secadas à sombra e armazenadas em BOD. Logo após, estas foram tratadas com biorreguladores por 24 horas. Depois da embebição, as sementes foram colocadas no germinador em papel germitest. Após o inicio do processo germinativo, as avaliações foram realizadas diariamente até o trigésimo quarto dia. Frutos da tangerineira ‘Sunki’ apresentam boa uniformidade quanto à posição dos frutos na copa; o uso de ácido giberélico e de bioestimulante é promissor para uso comercial na germinação de sementes desse portaenxerto. The tangerine 'Sunki' are highly relevant for the Brazilian citrus industry by presenting important traits for genetic improvement and to be considered a great portaenxento. In this context, the objective of the present work to study the characterization of the fruits of citrus rootstock 'Sunki', depending on the position on the plan and also the germination of their seeds. The physical characteristics evaluated were fruit weight, longitudinal and equatorial diameters of the fruit longitudinal diameter / equatorial diameter, number of buds per fruit, weight of buds and bark and number of viable seeds per fruit. As for the chemical characterization was evaluated titratable, acidity, soluble solid, "Ratio", pH and vitamin C. For the evaluation of these variables, the fruits were obtained from the northeast, southwest, northwest and southeast quadrants. Regarding the evaluation of seed germination, different doses of gibberellic acid and Stimulate were used. The seeds extracted from ripe fruit, washed, dried in the shade and stored in BOD. Immediately after, they were treated for 24 hours with plant growth regulators. After soaking, the seeds were placed in a germinator in germitest paper. After initiation of the germination process, the evaluations were performed daily until the thirty- fourth day. Fruits of 'Sunki'mandarin with uneven as the fruit position within the canopy, the use of gibberellic acid and growth promoter is promising for commercial use on seed germination of this rootstock. Universidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Horticultura, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu

The carbohydrates translocation and consequently growth and production of fig tree (Ficuscarica L.) vary according to the different management on cultivation conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in the levels and total carbohydrates accumulation together with growth and “Roxo de Valinhos” fig trees production onimplementation of orchards in initial phase, cultivated with and without irrigation. We adopted a factorial arrangement (2 x 7) with four repetitions distributed in installments (with and without irrigation) subdivided in time (collect time). Destructive analyzes were performed at 40, 80, 120, 160, 200, 240 and 280 days after pruning (DAP) and are measured: stem diameter and branch, stem length and branch, number of leaves, internodes and fruit. Subsequently, the plant parts were sectioned to obtain the leaf area, length and roots volume, fresh and dry matter weight. The number, weight and total productivity of fruits were evaluated. The media of all growth attributes and production characteristics were higher in treatments with water irrigation. The total carbohydrate content was higher at 120 and 160 DAP and the carbohydrates accumulation was increasing for most institutions over the plants development, except for the leaves that showed a decrease in the levels at 160 DAP. The fruits showed greater carbohydrates accumulation in relation to the other evaluated organs.

In subtropical or tropical conditions, the insufficient winter chill accumulation is often a limiting factor to break the dormancy of temperate-climate species such as the blackberry, which requires using products to help break dormancy. This study evaluates the efficacy of compounds in breaking dormancy of blackberry and its consequent influence on phenology and crop yields. The experiment was conducted in S?o Manuel, State of S?o Paulo, Brazil, in the 2011/2012 production cycle. The plants used were two-year-old “Tupy” blackberry (Rubus spp.), with 0.6 × 4.0 m spacing (4.166 plants·ha-1). Pruning was performed in August, followed by the application of these treatments: control (water); hydrogen cyanamide (Dormex?); nitrogen fertilizer (Erger?) and mineral oil (Assist?). The concentrations of each compound used were: 2.0%, 4.0%, 6.0% and 8.0%. The compounds used influenced the budding, flowering and fruit harvest stages, in addition to providing increased yields depending on the concentration used. For hydrogen cyanamide the recommended concentration is of 4.2% and 5.4% for nitrogen fertilizer; doses above these concentrations may cause phytotoxic effects. For mineral oil the dose recommended is of 8.0%.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-02T12:39:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-06-01Bitstream added on 2015-02-02T13:07:40Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-29452014000200020.pdf: 711598 bytes, checksum: 7e6df34afb515fe9f5107e2f53624202 (MD5) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) O desenvolvimento de tecnologias que permitam o aproveitamento integral dos frutos é de grande importância para as indústrias. Uma possibilidade de valorização da cultura do abacaxi seria o estímulo ao processamento do fruto para a obtenção do suco associado ao aproveitamento das cascas para a elaboração de farinha, produto de mercado crescente. Um dos fatores de grande importância para a aceitação do suco é o sabor, que se encontra diretamente relacionado ao perfil de ácidos e açúcares presentes. Nesta linha, este trabalho visou a processar frutos de abacaxi cv Smooth Cayenne colhidos em dois estádios de maturação para a obtenção e a caracterização do suco e da farinha de cascas. Os sucos obtidos foram analisados em HPLC para o perfil de açúcares e ácidos orgânicos. As farinhas de casca foram analisadas para rendimento, umidade, cinzas, fibras solúvel e insolúvel, lipídeos, proteína e carboidratos totais. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que frutos em estádio mais avançado de maturação produzem sucos com maior teor de açúcares e menor teor de ácidos, sendo o principal ácido o cítrico, e os açúcares frutose, glicose e sacarose. As farinhas de abacaxi apresentam-se como fontes de fibras insolúveis. The development of technologies that enable the full use of the fruits is of great importance for the industry. One possible enhancement of the pineapple orchards would be the stimulus for fruit processing to obtain the juice, along with the use of peels for the preparation of flour, which is a product of growing market. One of the major factors for the acceptance of the juice is the flavor, which is directly related to the profile of acids and sugars. In this line, this study aimed to process 'Smooth Cayenne' pineapple fruits, harvested at two maturities stages, for obtaining and characterization of juice and peel flour. The juices were analyzed for the profile in HPLC of sugars and organic acids. The peel flour was analyzed for yield, moisture, ash, soluble and insoluble fiber, lipids, protein and total carbohydrates. The results showed that fruits in the most advanced stage of maturation produce juices with higher sugar content and lower acid content. The main acid was the citric acid and sugars were fructose, glucose and sucrose. The peels flour of pineapple can be used as sources of insoluble fiber. UNESP FCA Departamento de Horticultura Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Centro de Raízes e Amidos Tropicais UNESP FC Departamento de Ciências Biológicas UNESP FCA Departamento de Horticultura Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Centro de Raízes e Amidos Tropicais UNESP FC Departamento de Ciências Biológicas

Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-02T12:39:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-05-01Bitstream added on 2015-02-02T13:07:40Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-204X2014000500340.pdf: 477537 bytes, checksum: f0b9064715dbfb93b702404fcc0b775d (MD5) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência de porta-enxertos e épocas de poda na produtividade e no teor e na extração de nutrientes por ramos removidos pela poda e pelos cachos na colheita da videira 'Niagara Rosada', em clima subtropical. Foram avaliados os porta-enxertos 'IAC 766', 'IAC 572', 'IAC 313', 'IAC 571-6' e '106-8 Mgt'. Os tratamentos consistiram de combinação de cinco porta-enxertos e três épocas de poda. Na ocasião da poda, avaliaram-se a massa de matéria fresca e seca dos ramos para estimar o acúmulo de biomassa. Na colheita, estimou-se a produtividade pela pesagem dos cachos por planta. Amostraram-se ramos e cachos na ocasião da poda e no momento da colheita, respectivamente, para análise dos teores de nutrientes. O teor de nutrientes e a massa de matéria seca dos ramos e dos cachos foram utilizados para estimar a extração total de nutrientes. A videira 'Niagara Rosada' enxertada no porta-enxerto 'IAC 572' apresentou maior produtividade e massa de matéria seca dos cachos, as quais diferiram significativamente das observadas em 'Niagara Rosada'/'IAC 313'. 'Niagara Rosada' enxertada sobre o porta-enxerto 'IAC 572' extraiu maior quantidade de K, P, Mg, S, Cu e Fe, tendo diferido de 'IAC 313' e 'IAC 766' na extração de K e P, e de '106-8 Mgt' na extração de Mg e S. As podas de inverno resultam em maior produtividade, acúmulo de matéria seca nos ramos, teor e extração total de nutrientes. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of rootstocks and pruning times on yield and on nutrient content and extraction by pruned branches and harvested bunches of 'Niagara Rosada' grapevine in subtropical climate. The rootstocks 'IAC 766', 'IAC 572', 'IAC 313', 'IAC 571-6', and '106-8 Mgt' were evaluated. Treatments consisted of a combination between five rootstocks and three pruning times. At pruning, fresh and dry matter mass of branches were evaluated to estimate biomass accumulation. At harvest, yield was estimated by weighing of bunches per plant. Branches and bunches were sampled at pruning and at harvest, respectively, for nutrient content analysis. Nutrient content and dry matter mass of branches and bunches were used to estimate total nutrient extraction. 'Niagara Rosada' grapevine grafted onto the 'IAC 572' rootstock had the highest yield and dry matter mass of bunches, which were significantly different from the ones observed in 'Niagara Rosada'/'IAC 313'. 'Niagara Rosada' grafted onto the 'IAC 572' rootstock extracted the largest quantity of K, P, Mg, S, Cu, and Fe, differing from 'IAC 313' and 'IAC 766' in K and P extraction, and from '106-8 Mgt' in Mg and S extraction. Winter pruning results in higher yield, dry matter accumulation by branches, and total nutrient content and extraction. Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas Departamento de Horticultura Instituto Agronômico Centro de Frutas IAC Centro de Solos e Recursos Ambientais Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas Departamento de Horticultura

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-01T13:08:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-04-01Bitstream added on 2014-10-01T14:04:08Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0103-84782014000400007.pdf: 38939 bytes, checksum: 971ff0301664e86c596cfd16ee23915d (MD5) O manejo de culturas intercalares poderia prevenir eficientemente as perdas de nutrientes do solo, causadas pelo cultivo extensivo. O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da utilização de adubos verdes no estado nutricional de plantas de laranjeira 'Pêra' (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck). O solo da área de cultivo é denominado Neossolo Quartzarênico. As plantas estavam enxertadas em limoeiro 'Cravo' e foram plantadas num espaçamento de sete por quatro metros. Foram empregados quatro tratamentos correspondentes aos adubos verdes avaliados, sendo eles: feijão de porco (FP) (Canavalia ensiformis DC), labe-labe (LL) (Dolichus lablab L.), feijão guandu anão (GA) (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp) e braquiária (BQ) (Brachiaria brizantha Hochst ex A. Rich. Stapf). Conduziu-se o experimento em delineamento de blocos casualizados em esquema de parcelas subdivididas no tempo, com seis repetições, quatro tratamentos (adubos verdes) e duas plantas úteis para as avaliações. Avaliou-se o estado nutricional pelo método DRIS (Sistema Integrado de Diagnose e Recomendação), bem como a produção e o teor de macro e micronutrientes contidos nos adubos verdes e na testemunha. O diagnóstico nutricional demonstrou que, nos dois anos de experimentação, houve um melhor índice de balanço nutricional para os adubos verdes, quando comparados com a braquiária (testemunha). Esta constatação permite inferir sobre a disponibilidade de, ao longo do tempo, os adubos verdes permitirem um melhor equilíbrio nutricional para as plantas. O tratamento com feijão de porco apresentou as maiores produções, quando comparado com a testemunha, nos dois ciclos agrícolas de avaliação (2004/05 e 2005/06). Intercropping could efficiently prevent soil nutrient losses caused by extensive agriculture. The present study aimed to assess the effect of green manure on the nutritional status of orange trees cultivar 'Pera' (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck). The plants were grafted on 'Cravo' lime trees and were then planted in a 7x4m space. Four different treatments corresponding to the evaluated green manures were employed: jack bean (JB) (Canavalia ensiformis DC), lablab (LL) (Dolichos lablab L.), pigeon pea (PP) (Cajanus cajan L. Millsp), and Brachiaria (BQ) (Brachiaria brizantha Hochst ex A. Rich. Stapf) as control. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, in split-plot time, with six replicates, with four treatments (green manures) and two plants per evaluation. The nutritional status was assessed by using the DRIS method (Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System); the yield and the macro and micronutrient levels contained in green manures and in the control was also determined. The nutritional diagnosis indicated that, in the two years of experiment, plants treated with green manure showed better nutritional balance index compared to Brachiaria. This suggests that, over time, green manure can lead to better nutritional balance. Pigeon pea treatment showed the highest yields, compared to control, in the two evaluated crop cycles (2004/05 and 2005/06). Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas (FCA) Departamento de Horticultura Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas (FCA) Departamento de Horticultura

Peach trees are temperate climate fruit trees most planted in subtropical and tropical regions. This advance of the peach crop is mainly due to the introduction of less cold-demanding new cultivar varieties and which require using less specific techniques, such as plant growth regulators and pruning. Within this context, the objective of this work was to evaluate phenological aspects and the yield potential of the cultivars Granada, Aurora-1, Dourado-2, Douradao, Big-Aurora, Marli and Chiripa, grafted onto the “Okinawa” rootstock, planted in the region of Sao Manuel-SP, during two cultivation cycles. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design with 7 treatments and 5 replicates, with the experimental unit represented by two plants.”Granada” had early harvest in mid-September, and “Chiripa” in late November and early December, in which the former was the early-ripening cultivar and the latter was the late-ripening one. “Aurora-1” and “Dourado-2”, had the highest yield values, 18.95 and 16.57 t·ha-1 respectively, followed by “Big-Aurora” with yield values of 12.13 t·ha-1. For subtropical regions, such as S&atildeo Manuel-SP, less cold-demanding cultivars are recommended, such as Aurora-1, Dourado-2 and Big-Aurora. The planting of early- and late-ripening varieties, such as Granada and Chiripa, respectively, is an interesting alternative for producers wanting to scale their production.

The evaluation of the new cultivars adaptation and yield potential of Mangifera indica L. provides tools to assist and improve the mango production in different climates conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the phenological and reproductive development of five mango cultivars (Bourbon, Haden, Palmer, Parwin and Tommy Atkins), on climate conditions in dry land and four production cycles (from 08/2007 to 01/2011), at S?o Manuel, S?o Paulo state, Brazil. The variables were total plant height, trunk height, stem diameter and the first insertion diameter, fruits physical characteristics, yield and harvest period, flowering seasonality and morphological characterization of the inflorescences. It was found that the four-year-old plants of Haden cv. reach 4.0 m high and 0.20 m of trunk diameter. Bourbon cultivar had the highest flowering period, from April to October. Tommy Atkins cv. had productivities of 14779.07 kg·ha-1 in the fourth cycle and the productivity of Bourbon, Haden and Palmer cultivars was alternated.

The proper citrus cutting choice is considered of basic importance for a healthy and productive citriculture. Substrates composed of organic materials are widely used for the production of citrus seedlings but this can lead to plant copper deficiency, mainly caused by substrate high chelating properties. Copper is an essential heavy metal and is involved in many different plant physiological processes. This experiment was carried out in order to evaluate the behavior of ‘Rangpur lime’ lemon rootstock ( Citrus limonia Osbeck) grafted with cv. ‘Valencia’ ( Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck), when treated with different copper formulations, as cupric oxychloride (50% Cu — Novartis Biociencias™), cuprous oxide (32.8% Cu — Yara Vita™), chelated copper (5% Cu — Stoller™) and copper sulphate (25% Cu — Microsal™) analyzing the activity of peroxidase (POD) and the total content of phenols. The different copper formulations did not show significant differences about plant height, diameter, leaf and root dry weight. The comparison among copper treatments shows that cuprous oxide promoted the antioxidant system (POD activity and phenolic content) while chelated copper was not effective.

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T19:00:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S0103-84782012000100009.pdf: 1226262 bytes, checksum: 8ac38ac77b3a35388674f0bc864ff726 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T19:00:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S0103-84782012000100009.pdf: 1226262 bytes, checksum: 8ac38ac77b3a35388674f0bc864ff726 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-01-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:58:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0103-84782012000100009.pdf: 1226262 bytes, checksum: 8ac38ac77b3a35388674f0bc864ff726 (MD5) S0103-84782012000100009.pdf.txt: 23980 bytes, checksum: 0cad961eca2a6a71c48161d3334dce2d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-01-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T15:15:08Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S0103-84782012000100009.pdf: 1226262 bytes, checksum: 8ac38ac77b3a35388674f0bc864ff726 (MD5) S0103-84782012000100009.pdf.txt: 23980 bytes, checksum: 0cad961eca2a6a71c48161d3334dce2d (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T15:15:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0103-84782012000100009.pdf: 1226262 bytes, checksum: 8ac38ac77b3a35388674f0bc864ff726 (MD5) S0103-84782012000100009.pdf.txt: 23980 bytes, checksum: 0cad961eca2a6a71c48161d3334dce2d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-01-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Os benefícios do consumo de frutas e hortaliças sempre foram associados à presença de vitaminas e fibras. Entretanto, outros compostos são importantes e muitos exercem função antioxidante, destacando-se os polifenóis e pigmentos. Neste trabalho, foram caracterizadas as polpas de sete cultivares de pêssegos, duas de polpa branca e cinco de polpa amarela, utilizando-se frutas no ponto de consumo (frutos com coloração de fundo amarela). Foi avaliada a concentração de vitamina C, polifenóis, pigmentos e a capacidade antioxidante. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, constando de sete tratamentos e três repetições, sendo cada repetição composta por seis frutos. O teor de vitamina C variou de 7,74 a 17,31mg em 100g-1 de polpa; a concentração de polifenóis variou de 53,33 a 141,77mg de ácido gálico em 100g-1 de polpa; o conteúdo de clorofila 'A' variou de 11,59 a 44,61ug em 100g-1 de polpa; o conteúdo de clorofila 'B' variou de 69,69 a 411,37ug em 100g-1 de polpa; os carotenóides totais variaram de 28,69 a 81,58ug em 100g-1 de polpa; as antocianinas variaram de 85,13 a 336,05ug em 100g-1 de polpa. A atividade antioxidante variou de 35,81 a 65,39mg de DPPH reduzido 100g-1 de polpa. Foi verificada correlação positiva significativa entre vitamina C e atividade antioxidante. The benefits of fruit and vegetable consumption have been always associated with the presence of vitamins and fiber. However, other compounds are important and many exert antioxidant function, especially the polyphenols and pigments. In this study, fleshes of seven peach cultivars were characterized, two from white flesh cultivars and five of yellow flesh, all from fruits at the point of consumption (fruits with yellow background color). It was evaluated the concentration of vitamin C, polyphenols, pigments and antioxidant capacity. The experimental design was completely randomized, consisting of seven treatments and three replications, with six fruits per plot. The vitamin C content ranged from 7.74 to 17.31mg of vitamin C 100g-1 flesh, the concentration of polyphenols ranged from 53.33 to 141.77mg of gallic acid 100g1 flesh, the chlorophyll 'A' content ranged from 11.59 to 44.61ug chlorophyll 'A' 100g-1 flesh, the chlorophyll 'B' content ranged from 69.69 to 411.37ug chlorophyll 'B' 100g-1 flesh; carotenoids ranged from 28.69 to 81.58ug-1 carotenoids 100g flesh; anthocyanins ranged from 85.13 to 336.05ug-1 antocyanins 100g flesh. The antioxidant activity ranged from 35.81 to 65.39mg of reduced DPPH- 100g-1 flesh. Significant positive correlation was found between vitamin C and antioxidant activity. Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas Departamento de Produção Vegetal (Horticultura) Universidade Estadual Paulista Instituto de Biociências Departamento de Química e Bioquímica Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas Departamento de Produção Vegetal (Horticultura) Universidade Estadual Paulista Instituto de Biociências Departamento de Química e Bioquímica

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:48:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-29452011000500061.pdf: 472586 bytes, checksum: 78d077fc29ea5ece663d38b1b3c5e7af (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:48:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-29452011000500061.pdf: 472586 bytes, checksum: 78d077fc29ea5ece663d38b1b3c5e7af (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-10-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T17:45:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-29452011000500061.pdf: 472586 bytes, checksum: 78d077fc29ea5ece663d38b1b3c5e7af (MD5) S0100-29452011000500061.pdf.txt: 19753 bytes, checksum: 7a15183f75e4d6b48da394fd16eda097 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-10-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:20:24Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-29452011000500061.pdf: 472586 bytes, checksum: 78d077fc29ea5ece663d38b1b3c5e7af (MD5) S0100-29452011000500061.pdf.txt: 19753 bytes, checksum: 7a15183f75e4d6b48da394fd16eda097 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:20:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-29452011000500061.pdf: 472586 bytes, checksum: 78d077fc29ea5ece663d38b1b3c5e7af (MD5) S0100-29452011000500061.pdf.txt: 19753 bytes, checksum: 7a15183f75e4d6b48da394fd16eda097 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-10-01 O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as características de crescimento, produção e caracterizar alguns atributos de qualidade dos frutos do cultivar de bananeira-Figo-Cinza em dois ciclos de produção, nos anos de 2009 e 2010. Foram avaliadas características de crescimento, tais como altura da planta, circunferência do pseudocaule, número de folhas ativas, número de perfilhos e número de dias entre o florescimento e a colheita. Estas medidas foram feitas na emissão da inflorescência. Foram mensuradas também as características de produção, como peso do cacho, número de frutos, número de pencas, número, comprimento e diâmetro dos frutos da 2ª penca. em relação à qualidade dos frutos, foram analisados os atributos físicos e químicos: textura; pH; acidez titulável e sólidos solúveis. O delineamento adotado foi o inteiramente casualisado, com dois tratamentos (ciclos), cinco repetições e duas plantas úteis por parcela experimental. Foi utilizado o teste de Tukey (P< 0,05) para a comparação entre as médias. em geral, as características de crescimento e produção foram maiores no segundo ciclo, apresentando 134 dias do florescimento à colheita, circunferência do pseudocaule de 64,20 cm, altura de planta igual a 3,82 m e peso de cacho de 11,83 kg. Os atributos de qualidade não variaram entre os ciclos, exceto a textura, que foi maior no segundo ciclo, com valores médios de 993,31 gfcm-2. The objective of this research was to evaluate the growth and the production characteristics, and to characterize the quality attributes of fruits of Figo Cinza cultivar in two production cycles, 2009 and 2010. Growth characteristics such as plant height, pseudostem circumference, number of actives leaves, number of suckers, number of days between flowering and harvest, were evaluated at the inflorescences emission. Production characteristics, such as bunch weight, number of fruits, number of hands and, number, length and diameter of the fruits of the 2nd bunch were also measured. For fruit quality the following physical and chemical characteristics were analyzed: firmness, pH, titratable acidity and soluble solids. The experimental design was completely randomized with two treatments (cycles), five replications and two plants per plot, and means were compared by Tukey test (P < 0.05). In general the characteristics of growth and production were higher in the second cycle, with 134 days from flowering to harvest, pseudostem circumference of 64.20cm, plant height of 3.82m and bunch weight of 11.83kg. The attributes of quality did not vary between cycles, but the texture was higher in the second cycle with an average of 993.31 gf cm-2. UNESP FCA Depto de Produção Vegetal UNESP FCA Depto Produção Vegetal UNESP FCA Depto de Produção Vegetal UNESP FCA Depto Produção Vegetal

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:48:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-29452011000500027.pdf: 445098 bytes, checksum: eb809fbc49a4a2b197e75895061c6d4c (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:48:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S0100-29452011000500027.pdf: 445098 bytes, checksum: eb809fbc49a4a2b197e75895061c6d4c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-10-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T17:46:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-29452011000500027.pdf: 445098 bytes, checksum: eb809fbc49a4a2b197e75895061c6d4c (MD5) S0100-29452011000500027.pdf.txt: 27522 bytes, checksum: ab6e015d35c2e4d38188aa5209abdedb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-10-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:20:46Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-29452011000500027.pdf: 445098 bytes, checksum: eb809fbc49a4a2b197e75895061c6d4c (MD5) S0100-29452011000500027.pdf.txt: 27522 bytes, checksum: ab6e015d35c2e4d38188aa5209abdedb (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:20:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0100-29452011000500027.pdf: 445098 bytes, checksum: eb809fbc49a4a2b197e75895061c6d4c (MD5) S0100-29452011000500027.pdf.txt: 27522 bytes, checksum: ab6e015d35c2e4d38188aa5209abdedb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-10-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) O trabalho avaliou a produção e a sazonalidade de cultivares de pessegueiro e nectarineira, com e sem o uso de cianamida hidrogenada, em dois ciclos de produção (2009 e 2010). O experimento foi desenvolvido na Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, UNESP, Câmpus de Botucatu-SP, localizado nas seguintes coordenadas geográficas: latitude 22º51' 55 S, longitude 48º26' 22 O e 810 m de altitude. O tipo climático predominante é o temperado quente (mesotérmico), com chuvas no verão e seca no inverno. A aplicação de cianamida hidrogenada e óleo mineral resultou numa antecipação na data do início da colheita para todas as cultivares. Também houve uma concentração no período produtivo, diminuição no ciclo de produção e aumento na produção. A avaliação do ciclo da poda à colheita sob florescimento espontâneo evidenciou que as cultivares mais precoces foram: Precocinho (81,5 dias) e Conserva 693 (87 dias). As mais tardias foram: Turmalina (141,5 dias) e CP 951 C (134,5 dias). Com o uso da cianamida hidrogenada e do óleo mineral, o ciclo da poda à colheita permitiu a caracterização das cultivares mais precoces: Precocinho (87,5 dias) e a nectarineira Sun Blaze (95,5 dias). As mais tardios foram: Diamante Mejorado (126,5 dias) e CP 951 C (120 dias). As cultivares Turmalina (20,2 kg planta-1), Conserva 693 (20,75 kg planta-1) e Aurora 1 (15,65 kg planta-1) foram as mais produtivas . The work evaluated the yield, fruiting time and harvest period of the peach and nectarine cultivars, with and without hydrogen cyanamide, in two crop cycles (2009 and 2010). The experiment was carried out in the School of Agronomical Sciences (FCA), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu Campus, SP, Brazil, located at 22º51' 55 S, 48º27' 22 W and 810m altitude. The predominant climate in the study region is described as a warm temperate climate (mesothermal), with rainy summer and dry winter. The spraying with hydrogen cyanamide and mineral oil showed in the earlier harvest dates for all cultivars evaluated. Also, there was one concentration on the yield period, decrease on the crop cycle and increase the yield productivity. The evaluation of the pruning until harvest time with free blooming showed that the earliest cultivars were: Precocinho (81.5 days) and Conserva 693 (87 days). The latest were: Turmalina (141.5 days) and CP 951 C (120 days). With the spraying with hydrogen cyanamide and mineral oil the pruning until harvest time showed the earliest cultivars: Precocinho (87.5 days) and Sun Blaze nectarine (95.5 days). The latest were: Diamante Mejorado (126.5 days) and CP 951 C (120 days). The highest yield were observed in the Turmalina (20.2 kg plant-1), Conserva 693 (20.75 kg plant-1) and Aurora 1 (15.65 kg plant-1) cultivars. UNESP, Fac Ciencias Agron, Dept Prod Vegetal, BR-18610307 Botucatu, SP, Brazil Ctr Avancado Pesquisa Tecnol Agroneg Frutas, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, BR-13214820 Jundiai, SP, Brazil UNESP, Fac Ciencias Agron, Dept Prod Vegetal, BR-18610307 Botucatu, SP, Brazil FAPESP: 09-50862-3

Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-27T11:25:56Z No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-05-27T14:41:49Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 2-s2.0-80053029581.pdf: 161459 bytes, checksum: b416ec4bef6467407acc237f64c80492 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-27T11:25:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-07-01 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) The work evaluated the translocation and allocation period of the photosynthates, using the carbon-13 stable marker, in Ficus carica L. cv. Roxo de Valinhos plants in the reproductive stage. A fig tree leaf considered adult was enriched with 13CO 2 for 30 minutes in a controlled atmosphere and the respective plants were collected after 6, 24, 48, 72, 120, 168 and 360 hours of enrichment. After the specified times, the plants parts (apical meristem, leaves, shoots, stem and root system) were evaluated to characterize the natural and enrichment isotopes in a mass spectrometer of isotopic reason. Naturally, the plant presented values of relative enrichment of δ 13C -27.92‰ (isotopic reference). The plant presented concomitant vegetative growth and reproductive stage, showing predominance in the 13C allocation in the meristems areas, followed by the reproductive organs, having the root system as the main reserve organ. Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT) Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais Campus de Sinop, Distrito Industrial, CEP 78550-000, Sinop-MT Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Rua José Barbosa de Barros, 1780, Fazenda Lageado, CEP 18610-307, Botucatu-SP Universidade Federal Rural Do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ) Instituto de Agronomia Departamento de Fitotecnia, BR 465 Km 7, CEP 23851-970, Seropedica-RJ Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Instituto de Biociências Distrito de Rubião Júnior S/N., CEP: 18618-970, Botucatu-SP Bolsista de Produtividade em Pesquisa Do CNPq Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Rua José Barbosa de Barros, 1780, Fazenda Lageado, CEP 18610-307, Botucatu-SP Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Instituto de Biociências Distrito de Rubião Júnior S/N., CEP: 18618-970, Botucatu-SP