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Social supply plays a key role in bottom level cannabis markets. In outlining how social supply of cannabis differs from commercial market exchange, existing studies have argued that social supply is typically driven by two cultural logics: reciprocal gift-giving and sharing. Importantly, researchers have depicted sharing as a sub-version of a more generalized pattern of reciprocation and/or described sharing as a type of transfer that is motivated by altruism on the part of the giver. However, in this article, we argue that if we are to develop a more nuanced understanding of the sharing aspects of social supply, we need a more refined understanding of sharing. Based on interviews with 38 young cannabis users from Denmark, this article draws on recent anthropological theories of sharing and the concept of “demand sharing” (Widlok, 2017) in demonstrating how social cannabis supply is driven both by reciprocal logics, but also by hitherto overlooked sharing logics that cannot easily be captured by the categories reciprocity or altruism. More specifically, we analyze the important role played by receivers in facilitating sharing processes. We outline how diverse “receiver demands” are often the precondition for creating the social pressure that leads those who have, to allow others to take. In this way, this article contributes to a more detailed understanding of the complex transfer processes fueling social supply of illicit drugs. Social supply plays a key role in bottom level cannabis markets. In outlining how social supply of cannabis differs from commercial market exchange, existing studies have argued that social supply is typically driven by two cultural logics: reciprocal gift-giving and sharing. Importantly, researchers have depicted sharing as a sub-version of a more generalized pattern of reciprocation and/or describedsharing as a type of transfer that is motivated by altruism on the part of the giver. However, in this article, we argue that if we are to develop a more nuanced understanding of the sharing aspects of social supply, we need a more refined understanding of sharing. Based on interviews with 38 young cannabis users from Denmark, this article draws on recent anthropological theories of sharing and theconcept of “demand sharing” in demonstrating how social cannabis supply is driven both by reciprocal logics, but also by hitherto overlooked sharing logics that cannot easily be captured by the categories reciprocity or altruism. More specifically, we analyze the important role played by receivers in facilitatingsharing processes. We outline how diverse “receiver demands” are often the precondition for creating the social pressure that leads those who have, to allow others to take. In this way, this article contributes to a more detailed understanding of the complex transfer processes fueling social supply of illicit drugs.

Purpose – Despite a boom in consumer services sharing globally, a thorough understanding of the antecedents to customer satisfaction in emerging markets is yet to be achieved. This study tested the influence of sustainability, hedonic, utilitarian, and social benefits on satisfaction derived from and behavioral intention with regard to car-sharing services in Tanzania. Design/Methodology/Approach – A total of 614 cases was subjected to variance-based structural equation modeling based on self-administered structured questionnaires to test hypothesized relationships. A combination of FIMIX-PLS and POS-PLS was used to identify unobserved heterogeneity in the sample. Findings and implications – Hedonic, sustainability, and utilitarian benefits were found to have a statistically significant effect on satisfaction and behavioral intention of car-sharing customers, while social benefits had no significant effect on both satisfaction and behavioral intention. Moreover, satisfaction is a partial mediator of hedonic, sustainability, and utilitarian effect on behavioral intention. The data showed significant unobserved heterogeneity with a four-cluster solution as optimal. Limitations – The study relied on a cross-sectional survey conducted in only one country (Tanzania), with the majority of the respondents being young people as the main embracers of the sharing economy. Originality – The study uses multi-theoretical lenses with overarching Social Exchange Theory (SET), factoring in multiple antecedents to satisfaction and intentions of using car-sharing services in a less researched sub-Saharan African context. Thus, it affirms the utility of the Social Exchange Theory, with utilitarian, hedonic, and sustainability factors having significant effects on satisfaction and intention. Practical recommendations are offered to the owners and platforms used for managing and promoting car-sharing services in the developing country context.

Numerous studies point to the acute distress associated with the experience of coping with severe mental illness and psychiatric hospitalization. Another strand of research notes the therapeutic benefits of psychodrama and its efficacy in increasing empathy and self-awareness, improving interpersonal relationships, reducing stress and anxiety, and in treating particularly vulnerable populations for whom traditional psychotherapy’s usefulness is limited. The goal of this paper is to provide a framework for understanding the potential of group sharing in dealing with the experience of loneliness and distress, and to serve as a space for relatedness and self-expression in psychodrama group therapy. A qualitative action research study following an open inpatients’ psychodrama group in a psychiatric hospital in Israel demonstrates the role of group sharing in creating an accommodating space of self-expression, relatedness, and mutual support, which offers relief for the distress of psychiatric inpatients. Within the inpatients’ group, the participants used sharing to distribute the burden among the group members along with the resources to cope with it. The paper seeks to illuminate the unique contribution of a therapeutic tool rarely dealt with by the existing literature–the group sharing—in dealing with situations of acute mental distress.

Sharing and re-use of clinical trial data offer multiple benefits to researchers and society and will play an important role in the future. However, unclear guidelines and conflicting advice, overwhelming complexity and concerns about the legal implications of sharing personal health data are creating a climate of confusion and avoidance among researchers. To lower the barrier, we developed an easily accessible* seminar on data sharing that will provide comprehensive coverage of key topics, with expert-developed modules designed to deliver concentrated expertise through an easy-to-follow training. The first part is a moodle course which can be entered here freely: https://courses.bihealth.org/. Self-enrolment is open., This is a poster that briefly describes a data sharing seminar. It provides links to access the seminar. Funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany´s Excellence Strategy – EXC-2049 – 390688087

International audience; Using an online randomized experiment in the context of the 2019 European elections campaign in France, we study how fact-checking affects sharing of false news on social media. We exposed a random sample of French voting-age Facebook users to statements on the role of the European Union made by the far-right populist party Rassemblement National.A randomly selected subgroup of participants was also presented with fact-checking of these statements; another subgroup was offered achoice whether to view the fact-checking information. Then, all participants could choose whether to share the false statements on their Facebookpages. We show that (i) both imposed and voluntary fact-checking reduce sharing of false statements by about 45\%; (ii) the size of the effectis similar between imposed and voluntary fact-checking; and (iii) each additional click required to share false statements substantiallyreduces sharing. These results inform the debate about policy proposals aimed at limiting propagation of false news on social media.

This study explored the changes, obstacles for changes and the sharing of narratives in psychotherapeutic case studies. Study 1 developed an index for analyzing the process of narratives in psychotherapy, based on 101 cases. In Study 2, 203 cases were evaluated using the index generated from Study 1. As a result, three paradoxical natures of narrative became evident. Narrative in psychotherapy is thought to include (1) recognizing the beginning of a narrative, which can also signify the completion of the narrative, (2) negative movements that hinder the development of the narrative while at the same time move it forward and (3) an individual’s narrative that is uniquely one’s own, but easily influences and is influenced by the narratives of others.

Drawing on the contributions to this special issue, this article offers a synthetic description of the principles of ownership, sharing, and reward that guide and stimulate the creative practices of contemporary dance. Irish traditional music is also considered. The article aims to contextualize creative practices within a series of concerns around the protection and perpetuation of valuable cultural and artistic practices. This contextualization establishes the relevance and interest of the contemporary dance for other domains and attends to the contemporary conditions of cultural production, including those of intellectual property law, commercialization, and community/commons formation. I show how this work offers an illuminating model of social process in which value created in common is linked – through reputation, attribution, recognition, and innovation – to people, without private property becoming the dominant mode of ownership.

Im Rahmen des Forschungsprojektes Sharing Monitor Schweiz wurde der Frage nachgegangen, wie bekannt verschiedene Sharing-Angebote sind, von wem sie genutzt werden, und welche Vorteile die Bevölkerung in der Schweiz mit ihnen verbindet. Die vorliegende Studie ist ein Teilprojekt, welches sich vertieft mit dem Thema Wohnraum befasst., + ID der Publikation: hslu_96704 + Art des Beitrages: Bericht + Sprache: Deutsch + Letzte Aktualisierung: 2023-06-09 15:22:23

The aim of this research is to identify social media activities that affect the increase of brand awareness in the fashion industry in Kosovo. The research considers five different social media activities (advertising, influencers, sharing, entertainment, and interaction), and to the best knowledge of the authors, this is the first experiment to consider these factors all together, as well as the first one addressing brand awareness in Kosovo. Quantitative methods were used on a sample of 224 respondents, including confirmatory factor analysis and regression analysis. The analysis was conducted by using the AMOS statistical software. The findings indicate that activities, such as interaction and advertising, have a significant impact on brand awareness, unlike entertainment, sharing, and influencers’ behaviour. The findings provide marketers with recommendations regarding social media activities and the challenges that must be considered before they are implemented.

Develop and use Open Science practices for your lab or research team. Improve your team’s data and software management practices. Codify these practices in your team’s Code of Open Science Practice. This guideline in: English, French, Japanese, Portuguese,Spanish[links to be added] Your Journey to Open Science in: English, French,Japanese, Portuguese,Spanish This work is part of theBuilding New Tools for Data Sharing and Re-use through a Transnational Investigation of the Socioeconomic Impacts of Protected Areas (PARSEC)project with fundingprovided by the Belmont Forum through the National Science Foundation, NSF, Grant1929464, (US), Agence Nationale de la Recherche,ANR (France), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo,FAPESP (Brazil), and Japan Science and Technology Agency,JST (Japan). Version 2 includes minor text updates adding clarification, updated links, and funder logos.&nbsp

More and more shared products and services have been introduced to the market one after another, which has changed the traditional Chinese economic model. The construction of digital teaching resources is one of the important contents of higher education informatization. Today, with the extremely developed network, the problem of sharing digital teaching resources in colleges and universities becomes more and more prominent. Network can not only realize the sharing of educational resources, but also greatly expand the information exchange between teachers and students, and create a learning environment for individual teaching for learners. With the continuous improvement of technology and the maturity of application, the Blockchain and new energy and related applications will develop rapidly under the impetus of the government and the huge social demand. As a new force to change the Internet, Blockchain and new energy will bring great changes to information resource sharing activities and information service institutions. This paper explores the application of Blockchain and new energy technology in the co construction and sharing mode of digital teaching resources in Colleges and universities through the research on the participation subjects of block chain technology and digital teaching resources co construction and sharing.

This experiment will test where people are more willing to share news if it is negative than positive.

Behavioral and neuroimaging evidence suggests that self and social relevance are two important factors that motivate sharing (Baek et al., 2017; Cosme et al., 2022) and information virality (Scholz et al., 2017). Across six online studies, one previous study showed that the more that people perceive messages to be self and socially relevant, the more motivated they are to share them (Cosme et al., 2022). These correlational relationships were robust across various message mediums (social media posts, newspaper headlines), content types (COVID-19, general health, voting, climate change), and sharing audiences (social media, direct sharing with another person). The authors also assessed causal relationships between relevance and sharing, and found that manipulating self and social relevance through a message framing experiment causally increased intentions to share news abstracts about climate change and health. The present work builds directly on this causal study and aims to replicate the results using social media messages about voting rather than news abstracts about climate change and health using a between-person (rather than within-person) design.

Behavioral and neuroimaging evidence suggests that self and social relevance are two important factors that motivate sharing (Baek et al., 2017; Cosme et al., 2022) and information virality (Scholz et al., 2017). Across six online studies, one previous study showed that the more that people perceive messages to be self and socially relevant, the more motivated they are to share them (Cosme et al., 2022). These correlational relationships were robust across various message mediums (social media posts, newspaper headlines), content types (COVID-19, general health, voting, climate change), and sharing audiences (social media, direct sharing with another person). The authors also assessed causal relationships between relevance and sharing, and found that manipulating self and social relevance through a message framing experiment causally increased intentions to share news abstracts about climate change and health. The present work builds directly on this causal study and aims to replicate the results using social media messages about voting rather than news abstracts about climate change and health.

This study investigates repetitive decision making under risk in groups of three to five members. Our research is interested in the possible influence of information sharing on group performance in a) an environment in which the gamble parameters are not initially disclosed (possible outcomes and their winning probability can only be discovered by playing) and b) an environment in which all possible events are fully described (each gamble features a full description including all possible outcomes and their probabilities of occurrence).

Humans are a very social species and are motivated to maintain social bonds throughout their lifetime (Tomasello,2014). When social bonds are threatened through ostracism (exclusion), humans are motivated to correct this discomfort by behaving pro-socially. Ostracism can affect the four primary needs of humans; namely, self-esteem, control, meaningful existence and belonging (Hartgerink, Beest, Wicherts & Williams, 2015). This motivation to correct discomfort is seen across age groups (Over & Carpenter, 2009; Song, Over & Carpenter, 2015; Lakin, Chartrand & Arkin, 2008). Conversely, other theories propose that ostracized individuals experience cognitive destructions (numbness). As a result, they face impaired emotional regulation and empathic understanding leading to harsher and less pro-social reactions (Coyne et al., 2011; Twenge et al., 2007). Part of this discrepancy in behavior can be attributed to differences in personality traits such as pro-self attitudes (Matsumoto et al., 2016), future orientedness (Balliet & Ferris, 2013) or sensitivity to rejection (Coyne et al., 2011). However, relatively little is known about the relationship between autistic traits and pro-social behavior. Since autism is a social-communication disorder, those with high autistic traits have poorer empathy (Baron-Cohen & Wheelwright, 2004) and emotion regulation (Mazefsky et al., 2013). Furthermore, previous research has found that ostracism in a virtual ball tossing game has impaired the four primary needs in autistic individuals similarly to neurotypicals, autistic individuals did not experience a decreased mood following ostracism (Sebastian, Blakemore & Charman, 2009). Thus, the current study aims to investigate the effects of ostracism on mood, primary needs, prosocial behaviour and emotion reading, as well as how these links are moderated by autistic traits.

Past research on prosocial behaviour (i.e., acting with the intent to benefit others) has explored the impact of many individual difference factors, like goal understanding, theory of mind abilities, and empathy (e.g., Imuta, Henry, Slaughter, Selcuk, & Ruffman, 2016; Kärtner, Schuhmacher, & Collard, 2014; Taylor, Eisenberg, Spinrad, Eggum, & Sulik, 2013). Shyness (i.e., the tendency to feel anxious around other people and to therefore be withdrawn in social situations; Coplan & Armer, 2007) is one individual factor that seems to act as a barrier to prosociality in early childhood (e.g., Beier, Terrizzi, Woodward, & Larson, 2017; Karasewich, Kuhlmeier, Beier, & Dunfield, 2019; Young, Fox, & Zahn-Waxler, 1999; but see: Schuhmacher, Collard, & Kärtner, 2017). One explanation for this effect is that shyness competes with prosocial motivations. That is, a shy child’s anxiety will motivate them to avoid interacting even when they feel compelled to intervene. To our knowledge, the vast majority of the current research on this topic has been conducted in lab settings. Thus, we do not know how shyness would affect young children’s prosocial intervention in more natural, everyday, interactions. In particular, we are interested in shy children’s reactions to seeing familiar peers in need. Although unfamiliar people have been highlighted in past research as a major source of shy children’s anxiety (e.g., Kagan, 2010), shyness also appears to affect their interactions in familiar social settings. For example, shy children are less talkative when playing with their classmates and they do not initiate conversation as often as their not-shy peers (Crozier & Badawood, 2009; Schneider, 1999). What might this inhibited style mean for their prosocial interactions? We are also interested in examining children who show a different interaction style: those who are highly engaged with their peers. Will children who appear to be more receptive to social interaction, based on the amount of time they spend engaging with their others, show the opposite pattern of prosociality as shy children? In the present study, we will examine the relations between children’s prosocial behaviour in two distinct contexts (i.e., pseudo-naturalistic and experimental) and their levels of shyness and social engagement around peers. Children were visited at their daycares and observed interacting with their peers in small groups. Their prosociality was first measured in this group setting, by observing how each child reacted to their peers while they played with blocks. Each child was then tested individually by an experimenter using structured tasks that assessed helping, sharing, and comforting behaviour.

Here, we preregister a second follow-up study to test a potential explanation for the null results observed in the previous two studies. Because the stimuli used in the previous studies were composed of both an image (which was not manipulated) and text (which was manipulated), it is possible that participants focused on the image and paid less attention to the text. If this was the case, we may have failed to observe effects of the experimental manipulation because the text intervention was overshadowed by the image. To test this possibility, we will conduct a second within-person study using new stimuli.

Humor appeals can help draw audiences’ attention, and improve engagement with the information, which is why they are often deployed as a creative alternative to more didactic messaging appeals (Nabi, R. L., Moyer-Gusé, E., and Byrne, S., 2007; Cline, T. W., & Kellaris, J. J., 2007; Blanc, N., & Brigaud, E., 2014). Thus, humorous appeals to persuade individuals to follow COVID-19 related preventative measures may help engage audiences and increase behavior change. Humorous messages, however, can take various forms, including, but not limited to irony, sarcasm, mockery and satire (Holbert et al., 2011; Polk et al., 2009). In the current study, we focus on mocking forms of humor, which can lead to more unfavorable evaluations of the target of the joke (Becker, 2012). By mocking the behavior of individuals who do not follow physical distancing recommendations when they could, we might encourage audiences to follow these recommendations when possible. Here, recognizing that not everyone has the luxury to avoid all contact with others, we manipulate humor in appeals such that these humorous messages ridicule individuals who are not following social distancing recommendations, despite being in positions that afford them the ability to do so. Here, we will focus on participants who will be randomly assigned to one of two conditions, as part of a larger study (https://osf.io/8hn2g/) that has 5 total conditions. In this study, participants will either be exposed to 1) messages framed humorously, or 2) control messages. We test the effects of these messages primarily on (1) perceptions of norms about social distancing, (2) favorability of message (i.e., the extent to which the message makes the person want to follow social distance recommendations), and (3) intention to share the message. We compare the effects of humorous messages, and control messages which are not framed humorously. References Becker, A. B. (2012). Comedy types and political campaigns: The differential influence of other-directed hostile humor and self-ridicule on candidate evaluations. Mass Communication and Society, 15(6), 791-812. Blanc, N., & Brigaud, E. (2014). Humor in print health advertisements: Enhanced attention, privileged recognition, and persuasiveness of preventive messages. Health communication, 29(7), 669-677. Cline, T. W., & Kellaris, J. J. (2007). The influence of humor strength and humor—message relatedness on ad memorability: A dual process model. Journal of Advertising, 36(1), 55-67. Holbert, R. L., Hmielowski, J., Jain, P., Lather, J., & Morey, A. (2011). Adding nuance to the study of political humor effects: Experimental research on juvenalian satire versus horatian satire. American Behavioral Scientist, 55(3), 187-211. Nabi, R. L., Moyer-Gusé, E., and Byrne, S. (2007). All joking aside: A serious investigation into the persuasive effect of funny social issue messages. Communication Monographs, 74(1), 29-54. Polk, J., Young, D. G., & Holbert, R. L. (2009). Humor complexity and political influence: An elaboration likelihood approach to the effects of humor type in The Daily Show with Jon Stewart. Atlantic Journal of Communication, 17(4), 202-219.

This is a project which explores the impact of NFT Avatar on experience Sharing Intention

Researchers have documented sharing traditions across cultures, many of which involve need-based sharing among highly interdependent partners to pool risk. Stock friendships, such as osotua among Maasai pastoralists, have been documented as an example of need-based partnerships of this kind, often without expectations of reciprocity and sometimes occurring among kin (Spencer 1965; Perlov 1987; Cronk 2007). Formal evolutionary models of need-based sharing partnerships have clarified why they are mutually adaptive: if interdependent partners help each other when their partner is genuinely in need, then they form a mutually beneficial relationship over time that reduces risk. A key assumption in much of the need-based sharing literature, however, is that "need" refers to a condition, relative to some partner, describing either (1) a reduced probability of continued survival (e.g., resource scarcity, predation threats -- Eshel and Shaked 2001; Garay and Vargas 2009; Kayser and Armbruster 2016) and/or (2) a lower fitness (i.e., being in need is equivalent to a potential receiver gaining a positive b/c from a helper, where b and c are fitness benefit/cost terms -- Maynard Smith and Harper 2003; Roberts 2005; Aktipis 2016). These two definitions are not strictly equivalent: although continued survival and fitness typically go hand in hand, they sometimes depart in interesting ways that possibly allow for culturally acceptable forms of "cheating" (in an evolutionary sense) -- depending on how "need" is being interpreted among some cultural group. As an example, if a herder asks for help because he needs food, this would obviously fit both defintions 1 and 2, but if a herder asks for help from a wealthy leader because he needs bridewealth to gain multiple wives, this would fit definition 2, but not definition 1 (it might also not match with most intuitions about "need" in a need-based transfer). It is therefore not clear how individuals cognitively process and interpret the needs of their sharing partners -- and by extension, how they act on them by sharing when a partner claims to be in need. How clearly do their interpretations of "need" align with different existing formal evolutionary model requirements of need-based sharing? Do the uses of the "need" concept flexibly vary between contexts, i.e., in formal evolutionary models vs. real-world intuitions? In this study, we use a sharing vignette experiment to investigate osotua, a need-based sharing tradition, asking how neatly intuitions about "need" align with definitions on which formal evolutionary models rely: How strictly do people conform to need-based sharing rules if "need" is defined by a relatively low chance of continued survival? How flexibly can its scope be widened to include examples of fitness outcomes that do not impact probabilities of continued survival?

In this study we are asking whether people ascribe responsibility to the people whose ancestors engaged in an action that benefited their own group but was harmful to another group. More specifically, we ask whether people believe that the current members of a group that harmed another group in the past should provide monetary compensation to the current members of the victim group.

In this study we are asking whether people ascribe responsibility to the people whose ancestors engaged in an action that benefited their own group but was harmful to another group. More specifically, we ask whether people believe that the current members of a group that harmed another group in the past should provide monetary compensation to the current members of the victim group.

This study builds on correlational evidence to test whether experimentally-induced changes in self and social relevance cause changes in sharing intentions. Here, we will experimentally manipulate self and social relevance and test the degree to which this manipulation increases sharing intentions compared to a control condition.

How does the original source of a brand-oriented social media post, as well as a secondary source that re-posts, impact credibility, attitudes, engagement intentions, and beliefs about post-engagement? User-generated content posted by peers, influencers, and brands (and re-posted by a different source) will be examined in both Facebook and Instagram contexts.

What factors explain whether online information sharing (e.g., about healthy, environmental, or prosocial behaviors) leads to slacking/licensing versus growth/change? One possibility is the should/want distinction. Specifically, we propose that sharing “should” behaviors leads to slacktivism (because the external obligation is now satisfied) and sharing “want” behaviors leads to reinforcement (via identity shift). This hypothesis is tested with an experiment in the context of Instagram stories that share posts from high-credibility sources about health and the environment.

Security for businesses and organizations is essential to protect operational activities, trust relationship with clients and financial viability. Increased interest for research concerning cybersecurity issues has been shown recently, while at the same time professionals of this sector are employed to ensure safety. In turn, the efficacy and performance of both the researchers and professionals rely on the information provided by Cyber Threat Intelligence infrastructures. Automation of procedures regarding the collection, harmonization and processing of information is of utmost importance for Cyber Threat Intelligence, in order to effectively relay to the community data concerning newly emerged threats. Nevertheless, the process regarding the transfer of knowledge between Cyber Threat Intelligence and cybersecurity specialists is based on frameworks and procedures that are not in line with the needs and standards of modern times, being performed through obsolete methods and manual labor. In this paper, we propose BRIDGE, the first tool that streamlines the flow of intelligence between Cyber Threat Intelligence and cybersecurity professionals, by taking advantage of the Structured Threat Information eXpression standard, utilizing blockchain technology and automatically converting the intelligence needed in the form that researchers and other professionals require. Our experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of BRIDGE in terms of swiftness and performance improvement compared to the mainstream approach.

The 6G wireless systems are expected to have higher capacity, reliability, and energy efficiency than the existing cellular systems. Millimeter-wave (mmWave) frequencies offer high capacity at the cost of high attenuation and blockage losses. Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) assisted mmWave networks consist of smaller antenna elements that control the propagation channel between the base station (BS) and the user by appropriately tuning the phase and the reflection of the incident electromagnetic signal. The deployment of RIS is considered to be an energy efficient solution to improve the coverage of regions with high blocking probability. However, if every BS is associated with one or more dedicated RIS, then the density of RIS increases proportionally with the density of BSs. Hence in this work, we propose RIS sharing mechanisms where multiple BSs share one RIS. We formulate resource allocation of RIS sharing in terms of time and the RIS elements as an optimization problem, and we propose heuristics to solve both. Further, we present detailed simulation results to compare time and the element based RIS sharing methods for various scenarios with the benchmark and the RIS system without sharing. The proposed time and element based RIS sharing methods improve throughput upto 53% and 25%, respectively, compared to the RIS system without sharing in specific scenarios.

Content sharing refers to a “social exchange process in which a creator shares content with some audience” (Shi et al., 2013). Content includes gossip, stories, pictures, videos, tweets, opinions, and product reviews. In practice, most of the content that consumers share, both off and online, is about themselves. One factor that influences sharing is how consumers think sharing the content will make them look to others (Berger, 2014; Wojnicki & Godes, 2008). Because consumers want to make a favorable impression on others, they are more likely to share content that (a) they believe others will find entertaining or useful or (b) will make them appear attractive, knowledgeable, kind, classy, or cool (Berger 2014; Berger & Iyengar, 2013; Berger & Milkman, 2012; Chen 2017; Wojnicki & Godes, 2008). Does producing comedy help consumers make a good impression on others? At first glance, the answer appears to be yes. The literature suggests that three factors moderate whether comedy helps people make a favorable impression on others. The first is whether the comedy is actually perceived to be funny (Bitterly et al. 2017; Warren, Barsky, and McGraw 2018). When people try but fail to be funny, they look worse to others. For example, Russell Brand, an English comedian, lost his job at MTV when he attempted to prompt laughs by dressing up as Osama Bin Laden on September 12, 2001. Academic studies confirm that people who try but fail to be funny are perceived to have less status, competence, and confidence (Bitterly et al., 2017), just as brands that try but fail to create funny advertisements are perceived to be less likable (Flaherty et al., 2004; Warren and McGraw 2016). If failed comedy is unlikely to help consumers make a good impression on others, it follows that consumers will be less likely to share a comedic (compared to a non-comedic) post when they don’t think the comedy is funny. Simply put, failed comedy is unlikely to increase sharing. For this reason, we focus on successful attempts to better understand when humor does increase sharing, not failed attempts Even when comedy is actually seen as funny, the impression that people make depends on the type of comedy that they produce. There are many ways to evoke laughs: puns, peek-a-boo, pratfalls, pranks, satire, slapstick, tickling, and teasing, just to name a few. When it comes to making a good impression on others, not all types of comedy are created equal. The literature classifies comedy into four different humor styles, two of which are positive (affiliative and self-enhancing humor) and two of which are negative (aggressive and self-defeating). Producing affiliative and self-enhancing comedy tends to make consumers more attractive to others, but producing self-disparaging and aggressive comedy is more likely to backfire (Martin et al., 2003; Saroglou & Scariot, 2002; Warren et al., 2018). People who were more likely to think of something funny to cheer themselves up (who preferred self-enhancing humor style) were perceived to be agreeable and open, making them more likable to others. On the other hand, people who use aggressive comedy were less likely to be agreeable and conscientious, which could make them less likable to others (Saroglou & Scariot, 2002). Similarly, people who made aggressive jokes (e.g., “if ignorance is bliss, you must be the happiest person alive”) were perceived to be less socially desirable compared to people who made affiliative jokes (e.g., “cross-country skiing is great if you live in a small country;” Cann, Cann, and Jordan 2016). Similarly, brands that used edgy comedy in their advertisements were liked less by consumers than brands that used tepid comedy (Warren and McGraw 2016; Warren, Carter, and McGraw 2019). Although research has not examined the effect of humor style on sharing, research showing that positive humor styles help people make a more favorable impression than negative humor styles suggests that consumers will be more likely to share a comedic (compared to a non-comedic) post when the post uses a positive rather than a negative humor style.

Children often show a positive ingroup bias in altruistic behaviors such as sharing. Insight in factors related to ethnic bias in sharing can help towards understanding the origins of inequality in the distribution of resources in society. The present study examined the effect of priming secure attachment (versus positive affect) and multiculturalism (versus color-evasiveness) on ingroup bias in dominant ethnic group children's altruistic sharing. One hundred twenty-five White Dutch children (45 % boys, 55 % girls) between 7 and 11 years old (Mage = 8.47, SDage = 0.87) participated in a Dictator game after being primed. The Dictator game was played against three same-gender children with different ethnic backgrounds (White, Black, Middle Eastern). Results support the idea that priming secure attachment and multiculturalism can decrease ingroup bias in dominant ethnic group children's altruistic sharing, although the effects do not strengthen each other and are effective in situations with different trade-offs and interaction partners. Future research is needed to disentangle the effectiveness of secure attachment and multiculturalism messages in different sharing situations and with interaction partners with different ethnic backgrounds. Results from the present study provide starting points from which to further examine which messages potentially positively impact children's interethnic relations.

Though ample studies address the cocreation process, scholarly understanding of the outcome of such cocreative processes (i.e. cocreated value) lags behind, particularly with respect to brand-related cocreated value. Based on this gap, we explore S-D logic-informed customer cocreated brand value (CCBV), which reflects a customer’s assessment of the value derived from interactive, joint, or collaborative activities for or with brand-related actors. We also develop a model that identifies the CCBV antecedents of resource integration—which generates resource personalisation and institutionalisation—engagement, and sharing that combine to yield CCBV. In turn, CCBV generates modified tie-strength and modified network cohesion. Drawing on the model, we develop a set of propositions that consolidate CCBV-based insight, followed by an overview of implications that arise from our analyses.

Here, we introduce the SMEP (Science Museum Exhibition Platform) system, which is aimed to construct a platform for sharing and exchanging the science museum exhibits and information for museum staff, focusing on natural history collections. The SMEP system currently provides a total of 3030 data of museum exhibits for 11 museums currently, including all the exhibit types of science museum with 6971 images for them. Among them, the natural history collections are a total of 1152 data for eight museums. The loan system of SMEP enables to exchange the collections between museums. A prototype data portal of the SMEP system is operated and will be opened after the further functional review process in later. It is expected that this platform would improve the level of collections in the science museum and create new value by allowing interchange and exchange of collections in science museum.

This article explores the norms that govern regular users’ acts of sharing content on social networking sites. Many debates on how to counteract misinformation on Social Networking Sites focus on the epistemic norms of testimony, implicitly assuming that the users’ acts of sharing should fall under the same norms as those for posting original content. I challenge this assumption by proposing a non-epistemic interpretation of (mis) information sharing on social networking sites which I construe as infrastructures for forms of life found online. Misinformation sharing belongs more in the realm of rumour spreading and gossiping rather than in the information-giving language games. However, the norms for sharing cannot be fixed in advance, as these emerge at the interaction between the platforms’ explicit rules, local norms established by user practices, and a meta-norm of sociality. This unpredictability does not leave us with a normative void as an important user responsibility still remains, namely that of making the context of the sharing gesture explicit. If users will clarify how their gestures of sharing are meant to be interpreted by others, they will implicitly assume responsibility for possible misunderstandings based on omissions, and the harms of shared misinformation can be diminished. ispartof: Ethics And Information Technology vol:23 issue:3 pages:1-10 status: Published online

Sharing goods and services has been promoted as fostering more sustainable consumption. In this paper, we explore sharing in a middle-class neighbourhood in a Norwegian city. We ask what influences and frames neighbours’ current sharing practices, contending that Polanyi’s notions of exchange systems, specifically reciprocity and redistribution, yield valuable insights for our study. We show that reciprocal and redistributive sharing may reinforce each other by increasing the frequency of sharing and the variety of items shared. Furthermore, redistributive sharing systems may foster close relations and interpersonal trust, which are prerequisites for reciprocal sharing. Hence, if the goal is to increase the rate of sharing of goods and services in neighbourhoods like that studied here, two initiatives can be valid. First, items with the right affordances can be redistributed by existing institutions; second, reciprocity can be encouraged by organising more opportunities for resident interaction.

Sharing verzeichnet seit geraumer Zeit ein grosses Wachstum. Erfolgsbeispiele für das Teilen von Ressourcen zwischen Firmen gibt es jedoch nur wenige. Ein Forschungsprojekt der Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz und der Hochschule Luzern hat untersucht, wie sich das Sharing zwischen Firmen unterstützen lässt. Es wurden Methoden entwickelt, die das Business-to-Business-Sharing begleiten und fördern., + ID der Publikation: hslu_91398 + Art des Beitrages: Fachmedien + Jahrgang: 2022 + Sprache: Deutsch + Letzte Aktualisierung: 2022-07-19 09:51:22

Uit: M. Kraan, S. Weijers, & B. Vannieuwenhuyse (Eds.), Bijdragen Vervoerslogistieke Werkdagen 2022 (pp. 156-163) De afgelopen twee jaar heeft een team van onderzoekers en studenten van de Hogeschool Rotterdam en van de Hogeschool Arnhem en Nijmegen onderzoek gedaan naar het gebruik van medische hulp- en vervoersmiddelen in de langdurige zorg. Dit mede naar aanleiding van het project ‘Sharing Logistics’ met financiële ondersteuning van TKI Dinalog. Bij vijf aanbieders van langdurige zorg in het oosten en het westen van het land is onderzocht of en in hoeverre hulp- en vervoersmiddelen en vervoersmiddelen “geshared” (kunnen) worden. De vijf deelonderzoeken tonen aan dat er een werkende logistieke grondvorm en procesflow is waarlangs de hulp- en vervoersmiddelen via een functionerend informatiesysteem hun weg vinden naar de gebruiker. Echter, het onderzoek toont ook aan dat er nauwelijks eigenaarschap is voor wat betreft hulp- en vervoersmiddelen is. Daarnaast blijkt dat de onderzochte instellingen niet of nauwelijks middelen ‘locatie-overstijgend’ uitwisselen. Dit komt doordat inkoopbudgetten veelal locatiegebonden zijn. Het gevolg hiervan is dat de gemiddelde bezettingsgraad van de hulp- en vervoersmiddelen, door schaalnadelen, relatief laag is. Daarnaast is het zo dat een deel van de voorraden structureel onbenut blijft. Het gaat hier om “dode voorraad” en hulp- en vervoersmiddelen die niet geretourneerd zijn naar de leverancier. In aanvulling op de vijf deelonderzoeken is ook een deelonderzoek uitgevoerd in samenwerking met een schoonmaakbedrijf in de zorg. Binnen dit onderzoek lag de focus op de potentie van het delen van personele capaciteit. Meer concreet ging het om de vraag in hoeverre schoonmakers registratietaken van van de hulpverleners kunnen overnemen middels slimme technologie. Het onderzoek is op 22 september 2021 besproken op het slotevent van het Sharing Logistics Project in Rotterdam. Hier kwam tijdens de einddiscussie naar voren dat de overheid een duidelijk aanjagende rol wordt toegedicht voor het laten slagen van sharing in de logistiek.

Uit: M. Kraan, S. Weijers, & B. Vannieuwenhuyse (Eds.), Bijdragen Vervoerslogistieke Werkdagen 2022 (pp. 156-163) De afgelopen twee jaar heeft een team van onderzoekers en studenten van de Hogeschool Rotterdam en van de Hogeschool Arnhem en Nijmegen onderzoek gedaan naar het gebruik van medische hulp- en vervoersmiddelen in de langdurige zorg. Dit mede naar aanleiding van het project ‘Sharing Logistics’ met financiële ondersteuning van TKI Dinalog. Bij vijf aanbieders van langdurige zorg in het oosten en het westen van het land is onderzocht of en in hoeverre hulp- en vervoersmiddelen en vervoersmiddelen “geshared” (kunnen) worden. De vijf deelonderzoeken tonen aan dat er een werkende logistieke grondvorm en procesflow is waarlangs de hulp- en vervoersmiddelen via een functionerend informatiesysteem hun weg vinden naar de gebruiker. Echter, het onderzoek toont ook aan dat er nauwelijks eigenaarschap is voor wat betreft hulp- en vervoersmiddelen is. Daarnaast blijkt dat de onderzochte instellingen niet of nauwelijks middelen ‘locatie-overstijgend’ uitwisselen. Dit komt doordat inkoopbudgetten veelal locatiegebonden zijn. Het gevolg hiervan is dat de gemiddelde bezettingsgraad van de hulp- en vervoersmiddelen, door schaalnadelen, relatief laag is. Daarnaast is het zo dat een deel van de voorraden structureel onbenut blijft. Het gaat hier om “dode voorraad” en hulp- en vervoersmiddelen die niet geretourneerd zijn naar de leverancier. In aanvulling op de vijf deelonderzoeken is ook een deelonderzoek uitgevoerd in samenwerking met een schoonmaakbedrijf in de zorg. Binnen dit onderzoek lag de focus op de potentie van het delen van personele capaciteit. Meer concreet ging het om de vraag in hoeverre schoonmakers registratietaken van van de hulpverleners kunnen overnemen middels slimme technologie. Het onderzoek is op 22 september 2021 besproken op het slotevent van het Sharing Logistics Project in Rotterdam. Hier kwam tijdens de einddiscussie naar voren dat de overheid een duidelijk aanjagende rol wordt toegedicht voor het laten slagen van sharing in de logistiek.

Musicienne et clarinettiste de formation, Louise Campbell est aujourd’hui médiatrice de la musique. Basée à Montréal, elle exerce sa profession au Québec comme au Canada anglophone, à travers plusieurs structures et pour des publics variés (scolaires, professionnels, personnes en situation de handicap...). Dans cet entretien, Louise Campbell raconte son expérience de médiatrice, sa (non-)formation à cette profession ainsi que les aspects de sa pratique. Avec l’objet musical et la création au coeur de ses ateliers, Louise Campbell cherche toujours à établir une relation d’échange « horizontale » avec chacune des personnes qu’elle rencontre. Médiatrice dans l’être, Louise Campbell est aussi une médiatrice de l’être., Formed as a musician and a clarinetist, Louise Campbell is now a music mediator. Based in Montreal, she practices her profession through several structures and for a wide variety of audiences (schoolchildren, professionals, people with disabilities ...) all around Canada, but mainly in Quebec. In this interview, Louise Campbell recounts her experience as a mediator, her (non)-formation in this profession, as well as many aspects in her practice. With the musical object and the creation at the heart of her workshops, Louise Campbell always seeks to establish a “horizontal” exchange relationship with each person she meets.

The term collaborative economy encompasses various activities that have emerged and developed rapidly in recent years through online collaboration platforms. In this article, we will review what the sharing economy means, what are the positive and negative consequences of such a phenomenon, what are the organizations that support the sharing economy. It can be said that the sharing economy is a reconversion of the traditional economy, which supports a society based on sustainability but, at the same time, must be prepared to respond to the challenges and criticisms brought. In the second part, we examine recent trends in the use of collaboration platforms in Romania and in the European Union (EU-28), focusing on general and more specific features regarding the profile of users, the type of services used and the main advantages and disadvantages of the collaborative economy in relation to traditional trade in goods and services. The data used in this analysis comes mainly from the recently published European Commission survey on the use and provision of services through collaborative platforms, as well as from the corresponding survey previously published in 2016 on the same topic.

Resumo A pesquisa busca compreender como se dá a extensão do self na prática do consumo colaborativo por meio do sistema de compartilhamento de bicicletas de Pernambuco. O estudo é alicerçado em abordagem qualitativa, com dados coletados por observação participante nas plataformas do Bike PE e entrevistas individuais não estruturadas com 24 usuários do projeto. Os dados foram interpretados a partir da aplicação da análise de discurso social-hermenêutica. Verificou-se que a possibilidade de pedalar pelo Bike PE representa uma oportunidade para reafirmar e construir certos elementos identitários ligados especialmente ao social e ao coletivo que estimulam ações conjuntas e/ou interativas. Assim, a identidade na prática colaborativa dos usuários do Bike PE é desenvolvida e estendida a partir do self relacional e do self influenciador e idealista. Identificou-se ainda que alguns usuários são também proprietários de bicicletas, apontando que o consumidor está disposto a experimentar novos modelos de prestação de serviços sem abandonar antigas práticas de consumo, como a aquisição de um bem. Com uma identidade multifacetada, os indivíduos buscam possibilidades de extensão e construção do self por meio do acesso e da posse, sendo a utilização do produto o elemento central na construção e extensão identitária, independentemente de o objeto usado ser próprio ou não. Abstract This paper analyzes how the extension of the self in the practice of collaborative consumption in the system of sharing of bicycles of Pernambuco takes place. It has a qualitative approach, collecting the data through participant observation on Bike PE platforms and individual unstructured interviews with 24 project users. Social-hermeneutical discourse analysis was used to analyze the data. The possibility of cycling provided by Bike PE represents the opportunity to reaffirm and build certain identity elements, especially those related to the social and collective aspects that stimulate joint and/or interactive actions. Thus, two elements constitute the development and extension of identity in the collaborative practice of Bike PE users: the relational self and the influencing and idealistic self. Many users were shown to already possess a bicycle, indicating that the consumer is willing to experiment new business models without abandoning previous consumer practices such as the acquisition of a good. With a multifaceted identity, individuals want to increase their possibilities of extension and construction of self through access and possession, and the use of the referred product is a central element in the construction and extension of identity, regardless of whether the object used being their own or not.

This paper offers a folkloristic perspective on the features and dynamics of sharing humorous content digitally within a family in the context of daily communication. The data, collected from 60 Belarusian families via oral interviews and an online survey (175 respondents), were subjected to quantitative and qualitative content and context analysis. The results suggest that sharing humour digitally within a family can take various forms, some of which parallel oral face-to-face interactions, while others complement them. The most preferable ways of sharing are those that ensure the privacy of conversation, thus providing family members with an opportunity to follow the customary patterns of communication while adapting them to the new spatiotemporal circumstances. Even though the process of selecting humorous content to share with one’s family does not necessarily involve conscious reflection on the sharer’s part, some tendencies clearly transpire from the data. For example, visual and generic forms of humour are more popular than textual and personal ones. Sharing such humour presupposes certain considerations about its recipients, thus making the fact that one’s audience is their family an important consideration in the practice of digital sharing.

We present the Biological Structure Model Archive (BSM-Arc, https://bsma.pdbj.org), which aims to collect raw data obtained via in silico methods related to structural biology, such as computationally modeled 3D structures and molecular dynamics trajectories. Since BSM-Arc does not enforce a specific data format for the raw data, depositors are free to upload their data without any prior conversion. Besides uploading raw data, BSM-Arc enables depositors to annotate their data with additional explanations and figures. Furthermore, via our WebGL-based molecular viewer Molmil, it is possible to recreate 3D scenes as shown in the corresponding scientific article in an interactive manner. To submit a new entry, depositors require an ORCID ID to login, and to finally publish the data, an accompanying peer-reviewed paper describing the work must be associated with the entry. Submitting their data enables researchers to not only have an external backup but also provide an opportunity to promote their work via an interactive platform and to provide third-party researchers access to their raw data.

Im Verkehrssektor manifestiert sich die Digitalisierung zunehmend durch plattformbasierte Geschäftsmodelle, die Mobilitätsdienstleistungen vermitteln. Auf diese Weise entsteht die Möglichkeit, Fahrten und Fahrzeuge mit anderen, meist fremden Mitreisenden zu teilen. Durch Suchfunktionen und Matchmaking können attraktive Angebote mit hoher Dienstleistungsqualität 'on demand' aufgebaut werden, die eine stärkere Individualisierung der Mobilität als der noch weitgehend starre Nahverkehr ermöglichen. Digitisation enables platformbased business models in the transport sector, providing new types of mobility services. These platforms match supply and demand for shared or pooled transport services, with different users sharing the same vehicles in order to pool their trips. Search functions and matchmaking enhance high quality on-demand services, which allow for greater individualisation of mobility compared to the still largely rigid local transport systems. This article systemises these new mobility services and provides examples of recent market developments. Finally, questions are raised about the impact of these developments on, e.g., urban and rural traffic systems and welfare.

Several proof assistants, such as Isabelle or Coq, can concurrently check multiple proofs. In contrast, the vast majority of today's small proof checkers either does not support concurrency at all or only limited forms thereof, restricting the efficiency of proof checking on multi-core processors. This work shows the design of a small, memory- and thread-safe kernel that efficiently checks proofs both concurrently and non-concurrently. This design is implemented in a new proof checker called Kontroli for the lambda-Pi calculus modulo rewriting, which is an established framework to uniformly express a multitude of logical systems. Kontroli is faster than the reference proof checker for this calculus, Dedukti, on all of five evaluated datasets obtained from proof assistants and interactive theorem provers. Furthermore, Kontroli reduces the time of the most time-consuming part of proof checking using eight threads by up to 6.6x., 11th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Certified Programs and Proofs (CPP '22), Jan 2022, Philadelphia, PA, United States

El ciclo de mejora en el aula presentado en este capítulo se ha desarrollado en la asignatura de Acondicionamiento y Conversión de Señales del Grado de Ingeniería Electrónica Industrial impartido en la Escuela Politécnica Superior de la Universidad de Sevilla. El objetivo principal es fomentar la puesta en común al inicio de las sesiones presenciales de laboratorio, así como intentar acercar al alumno a aplicaciones reales de lo visto en las sesiones de prácticas a través de la impartición de seminarios. Con este ciclo de mejora se ha conseguido crear un ambiente distendido en las sesiones donde los alumnos han tomado un papel más activo y han podido intercambiar ideas e incluso se han retado a probar fenómenos/ comportamientos curiosos en las prácticas. The classroom improvement cycle presented in this chapter has been developed in the Signal Conditioning and Conversion subject of the Industrial Electronics Engineering Degree at the Escuela Politécnica Superior of the Universidad de Sevilla. The main objective is to encourage the sharing at the beginning of the laboratory sessions, as well as to try to bring the student closer to real applications of what was seen in the practical sessions through the delivery of seminars. With this improvement cycle we have managed to create a relaxed atmosphere in the sessions where students have taken a more active role and have been able to exchange ideas and have even challenged themselves to test curious phenomena/ behaviours in the practices.

This article concerns to some important aspects of the practice of using the methodology and principles of real estate valuation in the execution of judicial and extrajudicial expertise. The article contains the study of the legal normative framework of reference to the evaluation activity within the litigation processes. In a particular mode, examples of the application of different methods of valuation of real estate and the specific use of certain types of real estate value for special cases of real estate expertise are analyzed. The difficulties related to the gaps in the legal normative framework regarding the regulation of work processes are reached. Situations of impact on the use of different types of values for special purposes of forensic expertise are outlined in the respective compartments. Likewise, methodological solutions are proposed for some described cases. These solutions are systematized using techniques and means, such as: description, comparison, measurement, observation, experiment, analysis, induction (from particular to general). The basic hypothesis of this paper is that the wider use of valuation services in forensic expertise, as well as the regulation of the use of real estate valuation methodology in the legislative / normative, institutional and methodological sense, would contribute to accelerating the development of the real estate market from the Republic of Moldova and could reduce the phenomenon of corruption. The main task of the paper is found in two basic objectives: motivating the wider use of the results of the evaluation in the procedure of judicial and extrajudicial expertise; and defining the need for the reasonable and correct use of real estate valuation results in the litigation process. The results received from the research of real cases in this paper can serve as a conceptual basis for the formation of an applied theory for the use of real estate valuation methodologies in the practice of judicial expertise.

Capturing, storing, and sharing biological DNA parts data are integral parts of synthetic biology research. Here, we detail updates to the ICE biological parts registry software platform that enable these processes, describe our implementation of the Web of Registries concept using ICE, and establish Bioparts, a search portal for biological parts available in the public domain. The Web of Registries enables standalone ICE installations to securely connect and form a distributed parts database. This distributed database allows users from one registry to query and access plasmid, strain, (DNA) part, plant seed, and protein entry types in other connected registries. Users can also transfer entries from one ICE registry to another or make them publicly accessible. Bioparts, the new search portal, combines the ease and convenience of modern web search engines with the capabilities of bioinformatics search tools such as BLAST. This portal, available at bioparts.org, allows anyone to search for publicly accessible biological part information (e.g., NCBI, iGEM, SynBioHub, Addgene), including parts publicly accessible through ICE Registries. Additionally, the portal offers a REST API that enables third-party applications and tools to access the portal's functionality programmatically.

Resource sharing in general is a means of solving the problem of infrequent and, thus, inefficient utilization of expensive or scarce resources. In this paper, we present an approach to run shared EV-charging infrastructures in the context of commercial real-estate facilities. Collaborating EV-charger owners thereby create a pool of chargers for shared use. In our work, we consider aspects of economic viability, desirability and technical feasibility as prerequisites of a successful solution. We formally prove that the basic economic potential of the proposed pooling with regard to overall infrastructure utilization is given. In order to operate the shared pool of charging points at a given location, the corresponding management software must fulfil specific requirements. Our prototype implementation that was realized as an extension of the open-source system Open E-Mobility demonstrates the technical feasibility of the sharing idea in a user-friendly way. Questionnaires and personal interviews conducted with owners of small and medium-sized businesses revealed that they would share charging stations if it helped overcome availability bottlenecks, thus improving customer and employee perception.