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The conditions have been established for detection and recognition of rotation domains in α-Ga2O3/α-Al2O3 (0001) thin films in the presence of other polymorphs. The domains are visualized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Their structural characteristics are determined by preparing cross-sectional and plan-view specimens, choosing the correct diffraction conditions and proper imaging modes. As a result, the dimensions, the spatial distribution, the volume fraction and area fraction of the inclusions of domains have been determined. Keywords: structural defects, rotational domains, transmission electron microscopy, gallium oxide.

Objective: By benign and malignant tumors of the maxillary sinus and maxilla there is frequently a need to perform a total maxillectomy. In this article we describe a transconjuctival-transoral approach, which can be evaluated in terms of esthetic result, complications, integrity of the important structures of the midface that provide physiological function and reduce the rehabilitation period. Study design: We operated seven patients in the time between 2013-2014. Among them were four patients with malignant tumors with preoperative radiology treatment one patient with malignant tumor without preoperative radiology treatment and two patients with benign tumors. All these patients have no recurrence until now. Methods: The surgical technique is performed in following steps: transconjunctival incision, exposure of the zygomatic bone, low orbital rim and orbital floor through precise dissection of the structures of the low eyelid, intraoral incision, traditional osteotomies with preserving the low orbital rim, lateral canthopexy, skin suturing. Results: Reduction of the postoperative treatment period and complications, better esthetic results. Conclusion: Transconjunctival-transoral approach benefits the conventional ones in fast rehabilitation, good esthetic results without facial scars and low eyelid malposition

Ni-TiO2nanocomposites coatings with a layer thickness of 21 μm have been obtained by electrocodeposition. Incorporation in nickel matrix of TiO2nanoparticles (10 nm), affects the morphology of the nickel matrix as indicated from scanning electron microscope (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) results. The chemical composition was studied by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Analysis by X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the inclusion of nickel particles in the matrix and their effect on nickel matrix crystal size changes., This work was financially supported by the research Project IFA-CEA C2-02/01/03/2012.

Разработана простая и эффективная система управления параллельным активным фильтром электроэнергии. Такой параллельный активный фильтр электроэнергии позволяет повысить качество напряжения в электросети при работе нелинейной нагрузки. Это достигается за счет существенного снижения параллельным активным фильтром электроэнергии гармонических составляющих тока нагрузки и компенсации реактивной мощности нагрузки, при этом исключается вероятность возникновения резонансных явлений свойственных пассивным фильтрам. Данная система управления параллельным активным фильтром электроэнергии может быть использована как в однофазных, так и в трехфазных электрических сетях. Предложен способ реализации разработанной системы управления параллельным активным фильтром электроэнергии. Построена компьютерная модель активного фильтра электроэнергии в программной среде Matlab 7.11 и приведены результаты моделирования ее работы на активно-индуктивную нагрузку. Для практического подтверждения результатов математического моделирования в программной среде Matlab 7.11 создана установка по исследованию релейного регулятора тока (РРТ). На этой установке практическим путем была подтверждена возможность использования РРТ как основного элемента для создания предложенной системы управления ПАФЭ. Here is a simple and effective control system of parallel active power filter. This parallel active power filter can improve the quality of the mains voltage when using non-linear loads. This is achieved by a significant reduction in the parallel active power filter harmonic current load and load power factor correction, while avoiding the risk of resonance phenomena typical of passive filters. This control system is a parallel active power filter may be used either in single phase mains or in three phase mains. We offer method of applying developed control system of parallel active filter. Mathematic model of parallel active power filter has been developed in Matlab 7.11, and its modeled results have been shown as obtained from filter performing for active-inductive load. In order to verify the obtained mathematic results of modeling process Matlab 7.11 set up has been designed in order to do research of current relay controller (RCC). On this installation has been confirmed by practical ability to use the RCC as a key element for the creation of the proposed control system is a parallel active power filter. Мещеряков Виктор Николаевич, доктор технических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой электропривода, Липецкий государственный технический университет, г. Липецк, Российская Федерация, тел.:8-910-742-94-75, mesherek@stu.lipetsk.ru. Хабибуллин Максим Маратович, аспирант второго года обучения, Липецкий государственный технический университет, г. Липецк, Российская Федерация, тел.: 8-906-592-06-07, maximum@rambler.ru. Павлов Игорь Сергеевич, аспирант второго года обучения, Липецкий государственный технический университет, г. Липецк, Российская Федерация, тел.: 8-952-590-76-22, impredator@yandex.ru V.N. Mescheryakov, Lipetsk State Technical University, Lipetsk, Russian Federation, mesherek@stu.lipetsk.ru M.M. Habibullin, Lipetsk State Technical University, Lipetsk, Russian Federation, aximum@rambler.ru I.S. Pavlov, Lipetsk State Technical University, Lipetsk, Russian Federation, impredator@yandex.ru

Date of Conference: 21–25 June 2015 Conference name:2015 European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics - European Quantum Electronics Conference Nowadays Si-based solar cell (SC) remains the main source of solar energy in the world due to low cost of material and relatively simple, industrially acceptable technology. Despite of significant progress on increasing efficiency of these devices (the best laboratory samples demonstrated efficiency as much as 43.5%), for most of industrially manufactured SC’s the efficiency remains in the range of 10–18% [1]. A promising way to minimize thermodynamic losses for high efficiency Si-based photovoltaic devices, is photonic design of the device surfaces. The last one causes light trapping into the device, due to light interaction with micro- nano-structured surfaces, thus increasing effective light path interaction. However, the most of proposed methods for Si surface modification do not match industrial production requirements: such as fast manufacturing, environmental issues, and low cost per watt for final devices.

Date of Conference: 21–25 June 2015 Conference Name: 2015 European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics - European Quantum Electronics Conference Nanoscale periodic surface structures are of paramount importance in material science [1]. The recently demonstrated Nonlinear Laser Lithography (NLL) technique allows creating nanostructure arrays over indefinitely large surfaces with remarkable periodicity, not attainable by conventional laser induced periodic surface structure (LIPSS) methods [2]. Using NLL with linearly polarized femtosecond pulses, nanolines parallel to polarization emerge from initial surface roughness, and propagate on the surface as the laser beam is scanned. Here, we demonstrate that the final surface patterns depend not only on the polarization, but also on the surface morphology, which is controllable by introducing artificial defects. We use line defects as a control parameter to select a surface tiling from a set of available ones.

Date of Conference: 21–25 June 2015 Conference Name: 2015 European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics - European Quantum Electronics Conference Functional optical elements fabricated on silicon (Si) constitute fundamental building blocks of Si photonics [1]. For the fabrication of these elements, conventional lithography and etching techniques are used. In spite of the success of these techniques, a functional optical element embedded inside silicon simply does not exist. Here, we present a maskless, one-step laser writing technique for creating phase-type Fresnel zone plates in the bulk of Si. Due to their effectiveness over a broad spectra, Fresnel zone plates (FZPs) are widely used in various micro-imaging applications [2]. Similar lenses have been fabricated inside silica [3,4], but are limited to the transparency window of silica. The silicon counterpart of these elements have been impossible to fabricate so far. By exploiting nonlinear absorption within the focal volume of a tightly focused laser, we generated permanent refractive index changes in Si. The imprinted high-index contrast was then used to fabricate a FZP inside Si. This three dimensional (3D) method can allow for alignment-free multilens systems. Moreover, using silicon as the lens material is fully CMOS compatible and applicable to silicon integrated optics, including single and array detectors.

Date of Conference: 21–25 June 2015 Conference Name: 2015 European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics - European Quantum Electronics Conference Micromachining of silicon (Si) with lasers is being investigated since the 1970s [1]. So far, generation of controlled subsurface modification in the bulk of Si with high precision has not been achieved. This is highly desirable since successful integration of Si photonics and data transfer elements with conventional Si integrated circuits is proposed to lead to new generations of microprocessors [2,3]. Available techniques fabricate these optical and electronic elements on the top layer of the silicon-on-insulator platform. Despite the remarkable successes of conventional techniques, none of the available methods make use of the bulk of Si for positioning functional elements. Here, we report a method for photo-inducing deeply buried (down 1 mm) structures in Si wafers with pulsed infrared lasers. We demonstrate large aspect-ratio structures with 1-µm widths and long range order over millimetre scales. We further demonstrate multilevel spatial information encoding capabilities in subsurface barcodes.

Date of Conference: 21–25 June 2015 Conference Name: 2015 European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics - European Quantum Electronics Conference Laser induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) had been observed just five years after the invention of laser [1]. Among the numerous LIPSS techniques none of them could maintain long-range order [2]. However, it has recently been demonstrated that long order periodic surface structures can be produced using nonlinear laser lithography (NLL) [3]. Here, we present a mathematical foundation for NLL.

On the Tokamak a Configuration Variable (TCV), electron internal transport barriers (eITBs) can be formed during a gradual evolution from a centrally peaked to a hollow current profile while all external actuators are held constant. The formation occurs rapidly (

Background Awake prone positioning (APP) improves oxygenation in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients and, when successful, may decrease the risk of intubation. However, factors associated with APP success remain unknown. In this secondary analysis, we aimed to assess whether APP can reduce intubation rate in patients with COVID-19 and to focus on the factors associated with success. Methods In this multicenter randomized controlled trial, conducted in three high-acuity units, we randomly assigned patients with COVID-19-induced acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) requiring high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen to APP or standard care. Primary outcome was intubation rate at 28 days. Multivariate analyses were performed to identify the predictors associated to treatment success (survival without intubation). Results Among 430 patients randomized, 216 were assigned to APP and 214 to standard care. The APP group had a lower intubation rate (30% vs 43%, relative risk [RR] 0.70; CI95 0.54–0.90, P = 0.006) and shorter hospital length of stay (11 interquartile range [IQR, 9–14] vs 13 [IQR, 10–17] days, P = 0.001). A respiratory rate ≤ 25 bpm at enrollment, an increase in ROX index > 1.25 after first APP session, APP duration > 8 h/day, and a decrease in lung ultrasound score ≥ 2 within the first 3 days were significantly associated with treatment success for APP. Conclusion In patients with COVID-19-induced AHRF treated by HFNC, APP reduced intubation rate and improved treatment success. A longer APP duration is associated with APP success, while the increase in ROX index and decrease in lung ultrasound score after APP can also help identify patients most likely to benefit. Trial registration: This study was retrospectively registered in ClinicalTrials.gov at July 20, 2021. Identification number NCT04477655. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04477655?term=PRO-CARF&draw=2&rank=1