42 results on '"Manisha Nanda"'
Search Results
2. Robust physical mutagenesis and multiomics for microalgae bioprospecting
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Manisha Nanda, Mikhail S. Vlaskin, and Vinod Kumar
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Plant Science - Published
- 2023
3. Effect of catalyst and temperature on the quality and productivity of HTL bio-oil from microalgae: A review
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Mahipal Singh Tomar, Nishesh Sharma, Waseem Ahmad, Indra Rautela, Vinod Kumar, Manisha Nanda, Mikhail S. Vlaskin, and Krishna Kumar Jaiswal
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Materials science ,060102 archaeology ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,020209 energy ,Heteroatom ,Biomass ,06 humanities and the arts ,02 engineering and technology ,Pulp and paper industry ,Catalysis ,Hydrothermal liquefaction ,Productivity (ecology) ,Homogeneous ,Yield (chemistry) ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,0601 history and archaeology ,Heat of combustion - Abstract
Algae biomass has been recognized as one of the most suitable, efficient, and reliable feedstocks for bio-oil production. Among the different processes, hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is emerging as an effective technology for the valorization of various types of wet or dry biomass. Several factors, including temperature, retention time, and catalyst, significantly influence the overall efficiency of HTL products. The temperature ∼280 ± 40 °C is reported to be the most suitable range to achieve maximum bio-oil. Both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts have been used to improve bio-oil yield. For several advantages, heterogeneous catalysts are the preferred choice due to improved bio-oil generation, easy recovery, and uses. The eco-friendly approach and the reduction of heteroatoms in bio-oils make heterogeneous catalysts an ideal choice to be fortified. Alkaline catalysts have been considered most suitable to improve HTL yield. Variations in temperature and catalysts not only influence the yield of the bio-oil but also influence the characteristics of the bio-oil (e.g. high heating value, oxidative stability, gaseous emission, etc.) simultaneously. This review reveals interesting features including HTL temperature vs. yield, catalysts vs. yield, and the effect of wet and dry biomass on bio-oil properties, and finally, observations, remarks/limitations are presented for future studies.
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- 2021
4. Sustainable algal biorefineries: capitalizing on many benefits of GABA
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Neha Arora, Manisha Nanda, and Vinod Kumar
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Bioengineering ,Biotechnology - Abstract
We provide physiological and metabolic insights into the complex role of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in fine-tuning algal metabolism to improve productivity. Genetic engineering strategies to improve algal GABA biosynthesis are also discussed. Our aim is to provide an understanding of how GABA can be used for cost-competitive algae-based biofuels and bioproducts.
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- 2022
5. Heavy metal tolerance in microalgae: Detoxification mechanisms and applications
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Manami Chakravorty, Manisha Nanda, Bhawna Bisht, Rohit Sharma, Sanjay Kumar, Abhilasha Mishra, Mikhail S Vlaskin, P.K. Chauhan, and Vinod Kumar
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Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Aquatic Science - Published
- 2023
6. Microalgae with a truncated light-harvesting antenna to maximize photosynthetic efficiency and biomass productivity: Recent advances and current challenges
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Sanjay Kumar, Krishna Kumar Jaiswal, Nishesh Sharma, Manoj Kumar Tripathi, Mikhail S. Vlaskin, Vinod Kumar, and Manisha Nanda
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0106 biological sciences ,0303 health sciences ,Biomass ,Mutagenesis (molecular biology technique) ,Bioengineering ,macromolecular substances ,Photosynthetic efficiency ,01 natural sciences ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Biochemistry ,Insertional mutagenesis ,03 medical and health sciences ,Productivity (ecology) ,Biofuel ,010608 biotechnology ,Environmental science ,Biochemical engineering ,Antenna (radio) ,030304 developmental biology ,Photosystem - Abstract
Microalgae and the associated biomass have been advocated for various eco-friendly applications. Although, microalgae are a good source of biofuels, metabolites, and value-added products, their commercial cultivation suffers from limited biomass yield due to inefficient photosynthetic efficiency. Minimizing the light-harvesting antenna size of the photosystems has been recognized as an effective mechanism to enhance photosynthetic efficiency and overall biomass productivity in microalgal cultures. Several strategies including mutagenesis, through UV radiations and chemical mutagenesis, genetic engineering, and DNA insertional mutagenesis have been employed to obtain mutant strains possessing a regulated antenna with a regulated limited number of light-harvesting molecules. However, there are still a number of challenges associated with antenna mutants that need to be addressed. This review highlights the recent developments in truncated antenna mutants of microalgae, aiming to increase the photosynthetic efficiency and biomass productivity of the respective cultures.
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- 2021
7. A sustainable approach to produce yeast lipid by utilizing marine macroalgae biomass
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Manisha Nanda, Krishna Kumar Jaiswal, Jyoti Negi, Fábio de Farias Neves, J. Ranjitha, Makhail S. Vlaskin, Anatoly V. Grigorenko, P.K. Chauhan, and Vinod Kumar
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Fuel Technology ,General Chemical Engineering ,Organic Chemistry ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology - Published
- 2023
8. Microwave-assisted pretreatment of harmful algal blooms for microbial oil-centered biorefinery approach
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Neha Arora, Manisha Nanda, Krishna Kumar Jaiswal, Priyali Chauhan, Vinod Kumar, Mikhail S. Vlaskin, and Shivam Pandey
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Growth medium ,Biodiesel ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,020209 energy ,food and beverages ,Biomass ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,Biorefinery ,01 natural sciences ,Hydrolysate ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Hydrolysis ,chemistry ,Biodiesel production ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Acid hydrolysis ,Food science ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
Utilization of harmful algal blooms (HABs) for the cultivation of oleaginous microorganisms can provide dual benefits of mitigating the toxicity from the aquatic reservoirs and generation of copious media for biodiesel production. In the present investigation, microwave-assisted dilute alkali-freeze pretreatment was optimized to develop a low-cost growth medium from HAB dried biomass. The electron micrographs along with the elemental analysis confirmed the efficient breakage of HABs after the microwave-assisted hydrolysis treatment as compared with the acid hydrolysis. Moreover, the sugar analysis revealed ~ 46% higher carbohydrate content in microwave-assisted hydrolysate as compared with acid hydrolysate. The microwave-assisted hydrolysate and conventional dilute acid hydrolysate were then used to cultivate microalga (Chlorella minutissima) and yeast (Trichosporon cutaneum) for biomass and lipid accumulation and compared to artificial media. Microalga showed ~ 1.3- and 2-fold higher dry cell weight (DCW) and lipid content, respectively, while the yeast growth increased by ~ 27% with lipid content of 30%. The fatty acid profiles and biodiesel properties were also amenable to the international biodiesel standards. Hence, the present study provides a proof-of-concept of utilizing HAB hydrolysate for culturing oleaginous microorganisms for potential biodiesel production.
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- 2020
9. Microalgae: A Promising Tool for Pesticide Mitigation in Wastewater
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Vishal Rajput, Krishna Kumar Jaiswal, Vinod Kumar, Mikhail S. Vlaskin, Manisha Nanda, Sanjay Kumar, and Monu Verma
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- 2022
10. Production of high value-added biomolecules by microalgae cultivation in wastewater from anaerobic digestates of food waste: a review
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Mahipal Singh Tomar, Shuchi Upadhyay, Sanjay Kumar, Vishal Rajput, A I Kurbatova, Krishna Kumar Jaiswal, Manisha Nanda, Vinod Kumar, and Mikhail S. Vlaskin
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Anaerobic digestion ,Food waste ,Nutrient ,Wastewater ,Waste management ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Digestate ,Production (economics) ,Environmental science ,Biomass ,Anaerobic exercise - Abstract
Waste material generated from food sources contributes a significant percentage of the waste generated worldwide. However, it is believed that about two-thirds of food is wasted globally. Anaerobic digestion methods have established important prospects in the field of food waste treatment. Obviously, it can produce significant amounts of energy and can remove a significant proportion of the organics. Microalgae represent a promising option for recycling waste nutrients from different types of food waste that can reduce the cost of producing different value-added products. The process of cultivating microalgae in anaerobic digestate from food waste fulfills the two objectives of environmental policy, i.e., treatment and recovery. This review focuses on the cultivation of microalgae in wastewater from the anaerobic digestate of food waste and the extraction of different value-added products from the biomass of microalgae.
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- 2021
11. CRISPR-Cas9 mediated genome tailoring to improve nutritional quality and shelf life in crops: A review
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Manami Chakravorty, Manisha Nanda, Neha Arora, Shalini Singh, Vinod Kumar, and Sandhya Deshwal
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Genetics ,Plant Science ,Biochemistry ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2022
12. Bio-flocculation of oleaginous microalgae integrated with municipal wastewater treatment and its hydrothermal liquefaction for biofuel production
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Krishna Kumar Jaiswal, Vinod Kumar, Prateek Gururani, Mikhail S. Vlaskin, Afreen Parveen, Manisha Nanda, Anna Kurbatova, Pankaj Gautam, and Anatoly V. Grigorenko
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Soil Science ,Plant Science ,General Environmental Science - Published
- 2022
13. The potential of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in metabolomics and lipidomics of microalgae- a review
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Sanjay Kumar, Prateek Gururani, Bhawna Bisht, A I Kurbatova, Makhail S. Vlaskin, Manisha Nanda, Vinod Kumar, and Mahipal Singh Tomar
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Food Chain ,Chemistry ,Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ,Biophysics ,Aquaculture ,Biochemistry ,Lipids ,Nuclear magnetic resonance ,Metabolomics ,Lipidomics ,Microalgae ,Solvents ,Animals ,Biomass ,Molecular Biology ,Biotechnology ,Hydrogen - Abstract
Microalgae biotechnology has made it possible to derive secondary bioactive metabolites from microalgae strains that have opened up their entire potential to uncover a wide range of novel metabolic capabilities and turn these into bio-products for the development of sustainable bio-refineries. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Technology (NMR) has been one of the most successful and functional research technology over the past two decades to analyse the composition, structure and functionality of distinct metabolites in the different microalgae strains. This technology offers qualitative as well as quantitative knowledge about the endogenous metabolites and lipids of low molecular mass to offer a good picture of the physiological state of biological samples in metabolomics and lipidomics studies. Henceforth, this review is aimed at introducing the metabolomics and lipidomics studies into the field of NMR technology and also highlights the protocols for the isolation and metabolic measurements of metabolites from microalgae that should be redirected to resource recovery and value-added products with a systematic and holistic approach for scalability or sustainability.
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- 2021
14. 1H NMR-based metabolomics and lipidomics of microalgae
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Manoj Kumar Tripathi, Mikhail S. Vlaskin, Vinod Kumar, Neha Arora, and Manisha Nanda
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Metabolomics ,Lipidomics ,Proton NMR ,Plant Science ,Computational biology ,Biology - Published
- 2021
15. Hydrothermal liquefaction of municipal wastewater sludge and nutrient recovery from the aqueous phase
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Mikhail S. Vlaskin, Vinod Kumar, Sanjay Kumar, Prateek Gururani, Manoj Kumar Tripathi, Krishna Kumar Jaiswal, Manisha Nanda, and Harish Chandra Joshi
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Hydrothermal liquefaction ,Nutrient ,Wastewater ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Biofuel ,Chemistry ,Aqueous two-phase system ,Separation method ,Pulp and paper industry ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Isothermal process ,Catalysis - Abstract
The hydrothermal liquefaction of municipal sludge was investigated under isothermal conditions (255 °C, 45 min) with TiO2 as a catalyst. In this study, we used two separation methods (an organic solvent-assisted extraction method and the Soxhlet extraction method) for the production of bio-crude oil. The maximum yield of bio-crude oil was 20.7 wt. % reported with the Soxhlet extraction method. The aqueous phase was examined for TN, TP, COD, and TOC to determine the suitability of this phase for microalgae cultivation. Four strains of oleaginous microalgae were cultivated in the aqueous phase. The results show that the growth of microalgae in the aqueous phase was lower compared to the control medium; this may be due to the high COD value. Microalgae and yeast co-cultivation increases biomass and lipid productivity using nutrients in the aqueous phase.
- Published
- 2021
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16. Graphitic bio-char and bio-oil synthesis via hydrothermal carbonization-co-liquefaction of microalgae biomass (oiled/de-oiled) and multiple heavy metals remediations
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Manisha Nanda, Monu Verma, Hyunook Kim, Mikhail S. Vlaskin, Vinod Kumar, Krishna Kumar Jaiswal, Arvind Kumar, and Ravikant Verma
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Chlorella sorokiniana ,Environmental Engineering ,Chemistry ,Environmental remediation ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Metal ions in aqueous solution ,Biomass ,Langmuir adsorption model ,Pollution ,Hydrothermal carbonization ,symbols.namesake ,Adsorption ,Chemical engineering ,Biochar ,symbols ,Environmental Chemistry ,Waste Management and Disposal - Abstract
Thermochemical transformation of microalgae biomass into graphitic bio-chars entices as proficient bio-adsorbents for heavy metal contaminants. This study explores the synergistic impact of Chlorella sorokiniana on biomass generation and wastewater remediation in high rate algae pond (HRAP). Biomass produced was applied for hydrothermal carbonization-co-liquefaction (HTCL). The structural and morphological characteristics of HTCL products (i.e. bio-chars and bio-oils) have been systematically studied by XRD, Raman, FTIR, elemental analyzer, SEM, BET, and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The crystallite size of the graphite 2H indexing planes was to be 4.65 nm and 14.07 nm in the bio-chars of oiled biomass (MB-OB) and de-oiled biomass (MB-DOB), respectively. The increase in the ID/IG ratio of MB-DOB indicated the highly disordered graphitic structure due to the appearance of carbonyl, hydroxyl, and epoxy functionalities in the line of high C/N and low C/H ratio. Also, the multiple heavy metals remediation of MB-DOB revealed better efficiency as ~100% in 720 min. The kinetics analysis shows the correlation coefficient of pseudo-second-order is well fitted compared to the pseudo-first-order. The Langmuir adsorption model signifies the adsorption of heavy metal ions in a monolayer adsorption manner. The study proposes the microalgae bio-char potential for multiple heavy metals remediation alongside bio-oils.
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- 2020
17. Corrigendum to 'Small-scale phyco-mitigation of raw urban wastewater integrated with biodiesel production and its utilization for aquaculture' [Bioresour. Technol. 297 (2020) 122489]
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Krishna Kumar Jaiswal, Manisha Nanda, Neha Arora, Priyali Chauhan, Vinod Kumar, Vikas Pruthi, and Mikhail S. Vlaskin
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Environmental Engineering ,Scale (ratio) ,Wastewater ,Aquaculture ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,business.industry ,Biodiesel production ,Environmental engineering ,Environmental science ,Bioengineering ,General Medicine ,business ,Waste Management and Disposal - Published
- 2020
18. Contributors
- Author
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Hiba N. Abu Tayeh, María-Efigenia Álvarez-Cao, Hassan Azaizeh, R. Balagurunathan, Rengesh Balakrishnan, Manuel Becerra, R.B. Bela, Batul Diwan, Mukesh Doble, Sekaran Ganesan, Vijay Kumar Garlapati, Yoram Gerchman, María-Isabel González-Siso, V. Gopikrishnan, Asmita Gupta, Pratima Gupta, Mahamad Hakimi Ibrahim, Victor C. Igbokwe, null Indrajeet, Sultan Ahmed Ismail, Tamilmani Jayabalan, R. Jayasree, S. Jeevanantham, Jerrine Joseph, Ramani Kandasamy, Katheem Kiyasudeen, Madan Kumar, P. Senthil Kumar, Rahul Kumar, Vinod Kumar, Sanjay Kumar, Subir Kundu, V. Uma Maheshwari Nallal, P. Malliga, Manickam Matheswaran, Raj Morya, Dhruva Mukhopadhyay, Pooja Murarka, Senthil Nagappan, Samsudeen Naina Mohamed, Ekambaram Nakkeeran, Manisha Nanda, Tochukwu N. Nwagu, Joyce N. Odimba, Chukwudi O. Onwosi, Vikas Pruthi, M. Radhakrishnan, Shyam Kumar Rajaram, Jyoti Rani, Ravichandran Rathna, Akhil Rautela, M. Razia, A. Saravanan, Surajbhan Sevda, N. Shanmugapriya, T. Shanmugasundaram, Swati Sharma, Nishesh Sharma, Senthilkumar Sivaprakasam, S. Sivaramakrishnan, Preeti Srivastava, null Tandin gyeltshen, Indu Shekhar Thakur, Mahipal Singh Tomar, Maseed Imam Uddin, Swathi Krishnan Venkatesan, A. Vignesh, M.S. Vlaskin, and P.R. Yaashikaa
- Published
- 2020
19. Integration of wastewater valorization with microalgae for biofuel production
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Mahipal Singh Tomar, Manisha Nanda, Mikhail S. Vlaskin, Vinod Kumar, Nishesh Sharma, and Vikas Pruthi
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Algae fuel ,education.field_of_study ,Wastewater ,Biofuel ,Population ,Environmental science ,Production (economics) ,Biomass ,Pulp and paper industry ,Biorefinery ,education ,Environmentally friendly - Abstract
In recent years the increase in population has been linked with increasing demand for food, energy, and valuable chemicals. Microalgal biomass cultivation on wastewater represents a promising option for wastewater valorization and production of various products. However, the sustainable development of a cost-effective, safe, environmentally friendly algal biorefinery is still a challenge. Several studies analyzed the growth of microalgae in different types of wastewater to reduce the production cost of algal biofuel. In the present chapter the utilization of wastewater for microalgal cultivation and the different types of microalgae harvesting methods are discussed. Attention is also paid to factors affecting the microalgae, mechanisms involved in nutrient removal by microalgae, and the latest advancements in methods of algal biomass conversion into biofuels.
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- 2020
20. The effects of ultraviolet radiation on growth, biomass, lipid accumulation and biodiesel properties of microalgae
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Sanjay Kumar, Manisha Nanda, P. K. Chauhan, and Vinod Kumar
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Biodiesel ,Chlorella sorokiniana ,Lipid accumulation ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Chemistry ,020209 energy ,food and beverages ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Biomass ,02 engineering and technology ,complex mixtures ,Palmitic acid ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Fuel Technology ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,Bioenergy ,Biofuel ,Aquatic plant ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Food science - Abstract
The effect of UV light on growth, biomass, lipid accumulation and biodiesel properties of microalgae was studied. A Microalgae strain Chlorella sorokiniana UUIND6 was cultivated for 14 days as unde...
- Published
- 2018
21. An integrated approach for extracting fuel, chemicals, and residual carbon using pine needles
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Vinod Kumar, Manisha Nanda, Ajay Singh, and Monu Verma
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0106 biological sciences ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Chemistry ,Extraction (chemistry) ,Biomass ,010501 environmental sciences ,Pulp and paper industry ,Biorefinery ,01 natural sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,010608 biotechnology ,medicine ,Ethanol fuel ,Fermentation ,Cellulose ,Sugar ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Activated carbon ,medicine.drug - Abstract
The present study describes an integrated method that can be used to sequentially extract five economically important fractions viz., essential oil, organic acids, resin, cellulose, and residual carbon from biomass of pine needles. It is a simple but very effective approach which can give consistent yields from the residual biomass with every successive extraction step. For example, aqueous extracts 0.2 ± 0.5 ml/g, essential oil 0.03 ± 0.1 ml/g, resin 64.125 ± 0.2 mg/g, and 302.20 ± 04 mg/g of sugar and 1 ± 0.3 g of residual carbon. Sugars were further fermented under optimized conditions for the production of ethanol (18.2 ± 0.4 g/l). These yields were compared to direct processing of the individual components. Residual carbon obtained after hydrolysis was used for the preparation of activated carbon. This combined ethanol production and chemical extraction approach may provide a compelling model for a biorefinery and increasing commercial viability.
- Published
- 2018
22. Production of biodiesel and bioethanol using algal biomass harvested from fresh water river
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Vinod Kumar, Manisha Nanda, Harish Chandra Joshi, Monu Verma, Sonal Sharma, and Ajay Singh
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Biodiesel ,Biomass to liquid ,biology ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,020209 energy ,Butanol ,Biomass ,02 engineering and technology ,biology.organism_classification ,Pulp and paper industry ,Diesel fuel ,Algae fuel ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Algae ,Agronomy ,chemistry ,Biofuel ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Environmental science - Abstract
In this study, an integrated biomass conversion concept of producing liquid biofuels from fresh water macroalgal biomass was investigated. The algal biomass was collected from the Song river, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India and processed under laboratory. 0.650 g dry wt m−2of algal biomass was harvested from the freshwater river. The collected algal biomass contained mainly 2 macroalgae species. Lipid extraction was done by soxhlet extraction method using chloroform: methanol (2:1) as solvent. 18.6% of lipid was obtained from macroalgae biomass. Blends of algae biodiesel with, butanol and diesel fuel (A5B25D70 and A10B30D60) were prepared by Inline blending method on a volume basis. Oil extracted algal biomass was further hydrolyzed for release of fermentable sugar. The theoretical yield of conversion of fermentable sugars to bioethanol was estimated and found to be 61.0%.
- Published
- 2018
23. Impact of pyrene (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) pollutant on metabolites and lipid induction in microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana (UUIND6) to produce renewable biodiesel
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Mikhail S. Vlaskin, Vinod Kumar, Krishna Kumar Jaiswal, and Manisha Nanda
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Environmental Engineering ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ,Biomass ,Chlorella ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Bioremediation ,Lipid biosynthesis ,Microalgae ,Environmental Chemistry ,Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Biodiesel ,Chlorella sorokiniana ,Pyrenes ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,General Medicine ,General Chemistry ,Lipids ,Pollution ,chemistry ,Biofuel ,Biofuels ,Environmental chemistry ,Pyrene ,Environmental Pollutants - Abstract
Pyrene (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon), an anthropogenic organic pollutant prevalent in various ecological units, receives more attention for bioremediation and energy transformation using microalgae. In this study, we have used pyrene pollutant (50–500 ppm) to evaluate the half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of Chlorella sorokiniana and the impact on metabolites as well as the induction of lipid biosynthesis to produce renewable biodiesel. Pyrene concentration at 230 ppm (IC50) caused half-maximum inhibition for the 96 h incubation. The harvest in the stationary stage (day 16) for C. sorokiniana revealed a biomass generation of 449 ± 7 mg L−1 and 444 ± 8 mg L−1 dcw in the control medium and pyrene IC50 medium, respectively. An insignificant decline in biomass generation (1.2%) was observed due to the stress effect of the pyrene IC50 medium on metabolic biosynthesis. Although contrary to biomass generation, IC50 of pyrene assisted to induce lipid biosynthesis in C. sorokiniana. The improvement in lipid biosynthesis was observed as ~24% higher in pyrene IC50 compared to the control medium. The chemical composition of the microalgae biomass, metabolites, and lipids was examined using FTIR spectra. The extracted lipid was transesterified to produce biodiesel via methanolic-H2SO4 catalysis. The renewable biodiesel obtained was evaluated using FTIR and 1H NMR spectra. The transformation efficiency of the lipid of C. sorokiniana in biodiesel was calculated as ~81%. This research offers the incentive in lipid biosynthesis in microalgae cells using pyrene for the production of renewable and sustainable ecological biofuels along with bioremediation of pyrene.
- Published
- 2021
24. Bio-remediation capacity for Cd(II) and Pb(II) from the aqueous medium by two novel strains of microalgae and their effect on lipidomics and metabolomics
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Mikhail S. Vlaskin, Krishna Kumar Jaiswal, Vinod Kumar, Monu Verma, Manisha Nanda, Hyunook Kim, Mohamed F. Alajmi, Prateek Gururani, and Afzal Hussain
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Chemistry ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Biomass ,Metal toxicity ,Bioremediation ,Metabolomics ,Biofuel ,Environmental chemistry ,Bioaccumulation ,Pigment accumulation ,Lipidomics ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Microalgae have been the subject of recent research as a sustainable feedstock for the large-scale production of metabolites for commercial purposes. This study presents a green bio-remediation approach towards heavy metal contaminations and biomass production for biofuels in microalgae metabolomics and lipidomics approaches. Two novel microalgae, Chlorosarcinopsis bastropiensis and Polyedriopsis spinulosa, were isolated during the study and subjected to Pb(II) and Cd(II) pollutants. The isolated microalgae strains have shown a varied behavior towards cell growth, pigment accumulation, and lipids profiles during the impact of short-term (96 h) and long-term (14 d) heavy metal tolerance. Cell viability and IC50 value (397.75 mg/L for C. bastropiensis and 490.16 mg/L for P. spinulosa) have indicated higher tolerance towards Pb(II) in both microalgae. FTIR analysis of microalgal biomass has revealed insignificant differences during long and short-term heavy metal toxicity, clearly indicating the bio-tolerance for Pb(II) and Cd(II) in both microalgae. Principal component analysis has revealed the expression of metabolites (such as glycine, proline, valine, isoleucine, linoleic acid, glucose, sucrose, etc.) under heavy metal stress. 1H NMR analysis has demonstrated the prominent expression of metabolites under heavy metal stress. ICP-MS-based studies do not reflect the correlation between cellular tolerance and bioaccumulation of each heavy metal by both microalgae. Lipidomics based on 1H NMR has revealed an increase in unsaturated fatty acids under the impact of heavy metals. Therefore, this study offers a sustainable bioremediation technique for heavy metal contaminants and biomass production with significant enhancement of metabolites and lipid components for biofuels and/-or other commercial applications.
- Published
- 2021
25. Synergistic dynamics of light, photoperiod and chemical stimulants influences biomass and lipid productivity in Chlorella singularis (UUIND5) for biodiesel production
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Manisha Nanda, Rajat Kumar, Deepa Rawat, and Vinod Kumar
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0106 biological sciences ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,photoperiodism ,ASTM D6751 ,Chlorella singularis ,Chemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,Fatty acid ,Biomass ,010501 environmental sciences ,Carbohydrate ,01 natural sciences ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,010608 biotechnology ,Biodiesel production ,Botany ,Kinetin ,Food science ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
Microalgae have emerged as a potential alternative for the production of many useful compounds like protein, carbohydrate and lipid. Lipid-rich microalgae are important and rich source for alternative energy production. In order to commercially utilize microalgae for energy production, the lipid productivity should be enhanced. Keeping in view the above-mentioned potentials of microalgae, in the present study, we have attempted to display the role of chemical stimulants and light in the growth and lipid production of the microalgae Chlorella singularis (UUIND5). During the present investigations, effect of varying photoperiods and different types of lights and chemical stimulants, viz. CaCl2 and kinetin on growth rate and lipid production, was studied. The maximum growth rate recorded was 166 ± 0.3 mg/L/d, when 0.80 g/l CaCl2 and 0.5 mg/l kinetin were added to Bold’s basal medium. C. singularis was then cultivated in this medium for 14 days under sunlight +LED (10-h sunlight + 14-h LED light) at photoperiod 24-h light/0-h dark. The maximum lipid yield 30.2% of dry wt. was obtained under sunlight +LED. Further, the gas chromatography analysis also showed the presence of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). FAMEs profile was analyzed according to ASTM D6751 specification. Thus, it was concluded that sunlight +LED at 24-h light/0-h dark (100 μmol photons m−2 s−1) photoperiod with CaCl2 and kinetin is an effective strategy to boost lipid productivity in C. singularis (UUIND5).
- Published
- 2017
26. Micro-pollutant Pb(II) mitigation and lipid induction in oleaginous microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana UUIND6
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Pankaj Gautam, Vivekanand Bahuguna, Mikhail S. Vlaskin, Manisha Nanda, Vinod Kumar, Priyali Chauhan, and Krishna Kumar Jaiswal
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Pollutant ,Biodiesel ,Chlorella sorokiniana ,Chemistry ,020209 energy ,food and beverages ,Soil Science ,Biomass ,02 engineering and technology ,Plant Science ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Pigment ,Bioremediation ,Biofuel ,visual_art ,Biodiesel production ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Food science ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Green oleaginous microalgae are good candidates for the integration of heavy metal bioremediation with the generation of biofuels. To be effective, this requires a comprehensive understanding and optimization of the metal concentration that generates maximum growth along with a high yield of lipids from microalgae cells. This work follows the aforementioned strategy and involves the use of oleaginous microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana for lead mitigation and biodiesel production. The short-term effects (IC50 value at 96 h of culture) and the long-term effects (pigments and biomass) of the exposure of lead (Pb) to the growth and biochemical compositions (pigments, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids) of microalgae have been also determined. Chlorella sorokiniana has a high half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50 value and higher metal bio-concentration factor (BCF) for Pb (II), which represents that this strain can be considered as a lead (Pb) hyperbioaccumulator. FTIR analysis revealed a reduction in proteins and carbohydrates under the influence of Pb while an increase in lipids has been recorded. The lipid profile based on 1H NMR and GC–MS has been followed for the quality analysis of the biodiesel produced that indicated altered lipid profiles under stress by Pb and elevated levels of SFA and MUFA.
- Published
- 2021
27. Algae-based sustainable approach for simultaneous removal of micropollutants, and bacteria from urban wastewater and its real-time reuse for aquaculture
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P. K. Chauhan, Manisha Nanda, Ajay Singh, Mikhail S. Vlaskin, Hyunook Kim, Vinod Kumar, Monu Verma, and Krishna Kumar Jaiswal
- Subjects
Pollutant ,Environmental Engineering ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,biology ,business.industry ,Alkalinity ,010501 environmental sciences ,Reuse ,biology.organism_classification ,Pulp and paper industry ,01 natural sciences ,Pollution ,Algae ,Wastewater ,Aquaculture ,Sucker ,Environmental Chemistry ,Environmental science ,business ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Bacteria ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
Freshwater consumption by humans has reached its peak, magnifying a dearth to freshwater availability across the world. The rising demand for freshwater has led to an interest in using purified wastewater for reuse. In this study, a novel microalgal strain Pseudochlorella pringsheimii — Ind-Jiht-1 was assessed in a pilot-scale for phyco-mitigation of various pollutants in the raw urban wastewater, including heavy metals as well as antibiotics resistant bacteria. The results appeared promising; the technology achieved an 83.2% reduction in COD, 66.7% in alkalinity and 69.6% in hardness. Moreover, almost complete reductions in total bacterial and total coliforms could be achieved. Three isolates viz., IS-2, IS-9 and IS-10, which were in the raw wastewater, could be obtained even after the 14-days microalgal-treatment of the wastewater. IS-2 was the most dominating bacterial species and able to thrive in urban wastewater even after the treatment. The treated wastewater was used to cultivate the sucker fishes. Bodyweight of the fishes was measured for evaluating their growth rates. The average survival rates of the sucker fish in the raw wastewater and treated wastewater were 0% and 84%, respectively. Results confirm that the algae-based technology not only reduces the micropollutants and bacteria from urban wastewater but also offers a platform for reuse of treated water for low-cost fish cultivation.
- Published
- 2021
28. Hydropyrolysis of freshwater macroalgal bloom for bio-oil and biochar production: Kinetics and isotherm for removal of multiple heavy metals
- Author
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Krishna Kumar Jaiswal, Mikhail S. Vlaskin, Vinod Kumar, Waseem Ahmad, Monu Verma, Hyunook Kim, and Manisha Nanda
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Aqueous solution ,Soil Science ,Langmuir adsorption model ,02 engineering and technology ,Plant Science ,010501 environmental sciences ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Supercritical fluid ,symbols.namesake ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Hydrocarbon ,Adsorption ,chemistry ,Environmental chemistry ,Yield (chemistry) ,Biochar ,symbols ,0210 nano-technology ,Sodium carbonate ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
In this study, hydropyrolysis was carried out using sodium carbonate to convert the green algal bloom into bio-oil, biochar, aqueous solution, and gases. The effect of supercritical conditions (400, 450, 500 °C) on the product yield, bio-oil composition, and structure, and functionalities of the biochar was determined. The high yield of biochar and bio-oil was reported at 400 °C. A significant reduction in bio-oil and increment in hydrocarbon content was reported on the elevation of temperature from 450 °C to 500 °C. After that, kinetic and isotherm analysis was investigated simultaneously to remove four heavy metals viz. Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), and Cd(II) from the mixture solution. Results show that kinetics data follow a pseudo-second-order kinetics model and adsorption isotherm is in better agreement with the Langmuir model, not with the Freundlich model. The maximum adsorption capacity was found 10.90, 5.74, 5.80, and 16.28 mg/g with the biochar prepared at 500 °C for Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), and Cd(II) metals, respectively. The current investigation provided a promising way for the utilization of freshwater algal bloom biomass for renewable products and simultaneously heavy metal removal from the water.
- Published
- 2021
29. Multimetal tolerance mechanisms in bacteria: The resistance strategies acquired by bacteria that can be exploited to 'clean-up' heavy metal contaminants from water
- Author
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Manisha Nanda, Vinod Kumar, and Devendra Kumar Sharma
- Subjects
Pollution ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,media_common.quotation_subject ,010501 environmental sciences ,Aquatic Science ,01 natural sciences ,Redox ,Bacterial cell structure ,Metal ,Cell wall ,03 medical and health sciences ,Bioremediation ,Cell Wall ,Metals, Heavy ,Operon ,030304 developmental biology ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,media_common ,Pollutant ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,Bacteria ,Chemistry ,biology.organism_classification ,Biodegradation, Environmental ,Environmental chemistry ,visual_art ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,Water Pollutants, Chemical - Abstract
Heavy metal pollution is one of the major environmental concerns worldwide. Toxic heavy metals when untreated get accumulated in environment and can pose severe threats to living organisms. It is well known that metals play a major role either directly or indirectly in different metabolic processes of bacteria. This allows bacterial cells to grow even in the presence of some toxic heavy metals. Microbial biotechnology has thus emerged as an effective and eco friendly solution in recent years for bioremediation of heavy metals. Therefore, this review is focused on summarising bacterial adaptation mechanisms for various heavy metals. It also shares some applications of have metal tolerant bacteria in bioremediation. Bacteria have evolved a number of processes for heavy metal tolerance viz., transportation across cell membrane, accumulation on cell wall, intra as well as extracellular entrapment, formation of complexes and redox reactions which form the basis of different bioremediation strategies. The genetic determinants for most of these resistances are located on plasmids however some may be chromosomal as well. Bacterial cells can uptake heavy by both ATP dependent and ATP independent processes. Bacterial cell wall also plays a very important role in accumulating heavy metals by bacterial cells. Gram-positive bacteria accumulate much higher concentrations of heavy metals on their cell walls than that of metals gram -ve bacteria. The role of bacterial metallothioneins (MTs) in heavy metal has also been reported. Thus, heavy metal tolerant bacteria are important for bioremediation of heavy metal pollutants from areas containing high concentrations of particular heavy metals.
- Published
- 2019
30. Different Cell Disruption and Lipid Extraction Methods from Microalgae for Biodiesel Production
- Author
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Manisha Nanda, Vinod Kumar, Vikas Pruthi, and Neha Arora
- Subjects
Biodiesel ,Downstream processing ,Lipid extraction ,Chemistry ,Biodiesel production ,Extraction (chemistry) ,Cell disruption ,Biological cell ,Context (language use) ,Pulp and paper industry - Abstract
The global energy demand is increasing at an exponential rate, and available petroleum sources are rapidly decreasing. In this context, microalgae regained attention for biodiesel production due to its high growth rate and high lipid content. One of the major obstacles for large-scale production of biodiesel from microalgae is extracting intracellular lipids which are present inside the cell wall and membrane. Therefore, there is a substantial necessity to develop a cost-effective, safe, environment-friendly, and efficient extraction method of microalgae lipids. In downstream processing, algal cell disruption and lipid extraction techniques are important for biodiesel production due to high energy consumption and high costs involved. Several techniques for lipids extraction from microalgae have been reported by various researchers. This chapter provides an overview on latest advancements that have been made on the different cell disruption methods including mechanical, chemical, and biological cell disruption methods and different lipid extraction methods including conventional extraction lipid methods, green solvent-based extraction methods, and solvent-free extraction methods.
- Published
- 2019
31. Biodegradation of Phenol
- Author
-
Manisha Nanda and Vinod K. Dhatwalia
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound ,Chemistry ,Environmental chemistry ,Phenol ,Biodegradation - Abstract
Aromatic compounds are widely distributed in nature. Free phenols are frequently liberated as metabolic intermediates during the degradation of plant materials. In recent years the natural supply of phenolic substances has been greatly increased due to the release of industrial byproducts into the environment. Phenolic compounds are hazardous pollutants that are toxic at relatively low concentration. Effluents from petrochemical, textile and coal industries contain phenolic compounds in very high concentration; therefore there is a necessity to remove phenolic compounds from the environment. Microorganisms capable of degrading phenol are common and include both aerobes and anaerobes. The use of microbial catalysts in the biodegradation of organic compounds has advanced significantly during the past three decades. The efficiency of biodegradation of organic compounds is influenced by the type of the organic pollutant, the nature of the organism, the enzyme involved, the mechanism of degradation and the nature of the influencing factors.
- Published
- 2019
32. Detoxification mechanism of organophosphorus pesticide via carboxylestrase pathway that triggers de novo TAG biosynthesis in oleaginous microalgae
- Author
-
Vikas Pruthi, Monu Verma, Mikhail S. Vlaskin, Vinod Kumar, A. V. Grigorenko, Nighat Fatima, Priyali Chauhan, and Manisha Nanda
- Subjects
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Chlorella ,010501 environmental sciences ,Aquatic Science ,01 natural sciences ,Carboxylesterase ,Superoxide dismutase ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Organophosphorus Compounds ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Toxicity Tests ,Microalgae ,Biomass ,Pesticides ,Photosynthesis ,Triglycerides ,030304 developmental biology ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Cell Size ,0303 health sciences ,Chlorella sorokiniana ,biology ,Chemistry ,APX ,biology.organism_classification ,Biochemistry ,Catalase ,Biofuels ,Inactivation, Metabolic ,biology.protein ,Malathion ,Water Pollutants, Chemical ,Peroxidase - Abstract
Organophosphorus compounds exhibit a wide range of toxicity to mammals. In this study the effect of malathion on the growth and biochemical parameters of microalgae was evaluated. Three microalgae (Micractinium pusillum UUIND2, Chlorella singulari UUIND5 and Chlorella sorokiniana UUIND6) were used in this study. Among the three algal strains tested, Chlorella sorokiniana UUIND6 was able to tolerate 100 ppm of malathion. The photosynthetic pigments, the protein, carbohydrate and lipid contents of microalgal cells were also analyzed. About 90% degradation was recorded in 25 ppm, 50 ppm and 70% was recorded in 100 ppm of malathion by Chlorella sorokiniana. A mechanism of degradation of malathion by Chlorella sorokiniana is proposed in this study. Activity of carboxylesterase was increased in algal cells cultivated in malathion containing medium which confirmed that malathion degraded into phosphate. Increased amount of Malondialdehye (MDA) indicate the development of free radicals under the stress of malathion which substantialy increase de novo TAG biosynthesis, while increased level of superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and catalase (CAT) suggested their association in scavenging of free radical.
- Published
- 2018
33. Microalgae fuel cell for wastewater treatment: Recent advances and challenges
- Author
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Vinod Kumar, Krishna Kumar Jaiswal, Ajay Singh, Manisha Nanda, Indra Rautela, Mikhail S. Vlaskin, Priyali Chauhan, Neha Arora, and Nishesh Sharma
- Subjects
Microbial fuel cell ,Waste management ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Environmental pollution ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Desalination ,Cathode ,law.invention ,Anode ,Electricity generation ,020401 chemical engineering ,Wastewater ,law ,Environmental science ,Sewage treatment ,0204 chemical engineering ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,Waste Management and Disposal ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Electricity generation from wastewater using a microalgae-based microbial fuel cell (MFC) has captured a lot of attention from researchers these days. Microalgae-microbial fuel cell (m-MFC) is a device that can overcome the problem of fossil-fuel depletion and environmental pollution by generating electrical energy from wastewater and sunlight. Sustainable applications of the microalgae-based microbial fuel cells are not only reliable for wastewater treatment and bio-electricity generation but also versatile in the field of bio-hydrogen energy production, eco-friendly solution of desalination, and carbon sequestration. In this review article, we have summarized the mechanism and operational configuration of the microbial fuel cell using an anode chamber, a cathode chamber, and a separation membrane. The technological advancement of photosynthetic microalgae in the microbial fuel cell for energy production and wastewater treatment has been explored. The use of microalgae species such as the anode and cathode is also conferred with the resulting power densities. The challenges and possible solutions of the microalgae-microbial fuel cells in integrated energy production systems with wastewater treatment have been discussed for potential industrialization.
- Published
- 2020
34. Biomass Pyrolysis-Current status and future directions
- Author
-
Manisha Nanda and Vinod Kumar
- Subjects
Waste management ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,business.industry ,020209 energy ,Fossil fuel ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Biomass ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Methane ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Fuel Technology ,World economy ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,chemistry ,Environmental protection ,Greenhouse gas ,Carbon dioxide ,Sustainability ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Environmental science ,business ,Global environmental analysis ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
The declining reserves of fossil fuels and fossil fuel-related environmental issues, especially greenhouse gas (carbon dioxide, methane) emissions, have posed a great threat and challenge to the sustainability of the world economy, the global environment, and hence the quality of life of human beings. Biomass pyrolysis could help reduce both the world’s dependence on oil and CO2 production. These bio-oils have the potential to cut CO2 emission because they are made up of plants that use CO2 for growth. There is a need to integrate process operation and reactor design to improve the effectiveness of different processes used for biomass to produce multiple products using a combination of technologies.
- Published
- 2016
35. Effect of bacterial amylase pretreatment on bioethanol production from starch-based solid waste (SBSW)
- Author
-
Ajay Singh, Vinod Kumar, and Manisha Nanda
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Municipal solid waste ,Starch ,020209 energy ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Biomass ,02 engineering and technology ,complex mixtures ,01 natural sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,010608 biotechnology ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Ethanol fuel ,Amylase ,Ethanol ,biology ,Waste management ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,biology.organism_classification ,Pulp and paper industry ,Fuel Technology ,Nuclear Energy and Engineering ,chemistry ,Biofuel ,biology.protein ,Bacteria - Abstract
Fuels derived from biomass are essential in order to overcome the excessive dependence on petroleum. They also minimize the emissions of greenhouse gases. Pretreatment in biofuel production is a very important step. Pretreatment is not only costly in its own right but also has a pervasive impact on the cost of virtually all other processing operations. The present study investigates the effect of bacterial amylase pretreatment on ethanol production from different kinds of starch-based solid waste (SBSW). For this purpose four amylase-producing bacterial isolates were obtained from samples collected from municipal waste dumping sites. The isolated bacteria were then used for the pretreatment of SBSW for ethanol production. After bacterial amylase pretreatment, 13% yield of ethanol was obtained.
- Published
- 2016
36. Effect of bacterial amylase pretreatment on alcohol production from starch-based solid waste
- Author
-
Vinod Kumar, Manisha Nanda, and Ajay Singh
- Subjects
Materials science ,Ethanol ,Municipal solid waste ,biology ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Starch ,fungi ,Xenorhabdus japonica ,food and beverages ,medicine.disease_cause ,biology.organism_classification ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Agronomy ,Biofuel ,medicine ,biology.protein ,Alcohol production ,Amylase ,Food science ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Bacteria - Abstract
A number of different pretreatments involving biological, chemical, physical, and thermal approaches have been investigated over the years to reduce the cost of biofuel production. This study investigates the effect of bacterial amylase pretreatment on bioethanol production from different kinds of starch-based solid waste. We have isolated one strain (Xenorhabdus japonica) of amylase-producing bacteria from municipal waste dumping site's soil. Maximum ethanol yield was obtained after bacterial amylase pretreatment from wheat bread and rice (132 g/L), while the minimum was obtained from potato (99 g/L). Bacterial amylase pretreatment shows the best results as compared to the acid pretreatment.
- Published
- 2016
37. Impact of glyphosate herbicide stress on metabolic growth and lipid inducement in Chlorella sorokiniana UUIND6 for biodiesel production
- Author
-
Krishna Kumar Jaiswal, Mikhail S. Vlaskin, Manisha Nanda, and Vinod Kumar
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Biodiesel ,Chlorella sorokiniana ,Chemistry ,020209 energy ,Biomass ,Lipid metabolism ,02 engineering and technology ,complex mixtures ,01 natural sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Biofuel ,010608 biotechnology ,Lipid biosynthesis ,Biodiesel production ,Glyphosate ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Food science ,Agronomy and Crop Science - Abstract
The influence of glyphosate herbicide stress was investigated in the freshwater green microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana for metabolic growth and lipid induction. Glyphosate herbicide concentration at 30.10 ppm (IC50) elicited half-maximal inhibition during 96 h of incubation. After 24 days of harvest, C. sorokiniana produced 442.18 ± 9.1 mg/L and 427.73 ± 5.0 mg/L dcw of biomass in the control media and glyphosate IC50, respectively. A nominal reduction in biomass production was observed (~ 3.26%) due to stress in metabolic biosynthesis in glyphosate IC50 media. However, in contrast to biomass production, glyphosate IC50 stress aided in the induction of lipid biosynthesis in microalgae cells. The improvement in lipid synthesis was found to be ~17% higher in glyphosate IC50 compared to control. The chemical construction of the biomass, metabolites, and lipids of C. sorokiniana was analyzed via FTIR spectroscopy. The lipids extracted from C. sorokiniana were used for methanolic-H2SO4 catalyzed transesterification for the production of biodiesel. The synthesized biodiesel was analyzed by FTIR and 1H NMR. The conversion efficiency of microalgae lipids into biodiesel was estimated at ~77%. This study insights the use of glyphosate in lipid induction in microalgae to produce renewable and sustainable biofuels for the clean environment.
- Published
- 2020
38. Small-scale phyco-mitigation of raw urban wastewater integrated with biodiesel production and its utilization for aquaculture
- Author
-
Krishna Kumar Jaiswal, Vikas Pruthi, Priyali Chauhan, Neha Arora, Manisha Nanda, Vinod Kumar, and Mikhail S. Vlaskin
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Environmental Engineering ,Alkalinity ,Biomass ,Bioengineering ,Aquaculture ,Chlorella ,Wastewater ,010501 environmental sciences ,01 natural sciences ,Nutrient ,010608 biotechnology ,Microalgae ,Waste Management and Disposal ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Total organic carbon ,Biodiesel ,Chlorella sorokiniana ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Chemistry ,General Medicine ,Pulp and paper industry ,Biofuels ,Biodiesel production - Abstract
A low-cost small-scale high-rate algal pond (HRAP) was constructed to investigate the synergistic potential of a novel oleaginous microalga, Chlorella sorokiniana for phyco-mitigation, and biodiesel production using raw urban wastewater. An enhanced nutrient removal (97%), total organic carbon (74%), alkalinity (70%) and hardness (75%) from the wastewater was obtained. The microalga dominated in the HRAP as ~90% increase in the dissolved oxygen with high biomass (1.13 g/L) was noted. The microalga biomass showed sufficient lipid content (~31% of dry cell weight) as compared to control (Bold’s Basal media). The total lipid profiling of the microalga cultivated in wastewater showed augmentation in the levels of both storage and neutral lipids with good quality fatty acids composition. Moreover, the sucker fishes grew healthy in the treated wastewater with an increase in body weight.
- Published
- 2020
39. Pretreated animal and human waste as a substantial nutrient source for cultivation of microalgae for biodiesel production
- Author
-
Manisha Nanda, Akshay Kumar, and Vinod Kumar
- Subjects
Chlorella singularis ,020209 energy ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,02 engineering and technology ,Aquaculture ,Chlorella ,010501 environmental sciences ,Urine ,Wastewater ,01 natural sciences ,Poultry ,Nutrient ,Waste Management ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Microalgae ,Environmental Chemistry ,Animals ,Humans ,Food science ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Biodiesel ,Chlorella sorokiniana ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Pollution ,Lipids ,Human waste ,Manure ,Biodiesel production ,Biofuels ,Environmental science ,Cattle ,business ,Cow dung - Abstract
The use of human and animal wastes for fertilization of aquaculture ponds has been practiced for thousands of years. In the present work, we have used the excreta (human urine, poultry waste, cow dung, and urine) as a nutrient source for the cultivation of Chlorella singularis, Micractinium pusillum, and Chlorella sorokiniana strains of microalgae. Different solid wastes were treated with 60 mM H2SO4 for the extraction of nutrients. After treatment, the supernatant of different solid wastes and liquid waste were diluted 5, 10, 15, and 20% to be used as a media for the cultivation of microalgae. Chlorella sorokiniana was able to grow in all concentration of excreta media. The maximum growth rate 140 ± 3.1 mg/L/day and lipid production (45.5 ± 2.3 mg/L/day) was obtained in 20% poultry. Among the different excreta media used for cultivation of microalgae, poultry media displayed the best results and thus, should be used for large scale cultivation of microalgae.
- Published
- 2018
40. Microalgae
- Author
-
Vinod Kumar and Manisha Nanda
- Subjects
Waste management ,Environmental remediation ,Environmental science ,Heavy metals - Abstract
The primary functions of ecosystems, wherever located, or whatever their constituents on earth, are to sustain life. They provide vital needs, commonly described as “ecological services,” for all the living things residing within that particular system, or for those on its fringes. Such services include shelter, food, maintaining soils and hydrology, and providing livelihoods for its dwellers. Water is considered an important resource for mankind and other living organisms. Therefore, maintaining the water to a high quality is crucial. Bioremediation of heavy metals and micro pollutants by microorganisms (algae, bacteria, fungi, and yeast) has been used for the last two decades. All micro-organisms and microalgae are gaining increasing attention because microalgae can easily grow and is cheap to process and able to accumulate high metal content.
- Published
- 2018
41. Application of agar liquid-gel transition in cultivation and harvesting of microalgae for biodiesel production
- Author
-
Manisha Nanda, Monu Verma, and Vinod Kumar
- Subjects
Environmental Engineering ,food.ingredient ,020209 energy ,Biomass ,Bioengineering ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,Agar plate ,food ,Bioenergy ,Botany ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Microalgae ,Agar ,Food science ,Waste Management and Disposal ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Biodiesel ,Chlorella sorokiniana ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,General Medicine ,Culture Media ,Biofuel ,Biodiesel production ,Biofuels - Abstract
In order to increase microalgal biomass productivity efficient cultivation and harvesting methods are needed against the available traditional methods. The present study focuses on the same by harvesting microalgae using agar gel. Agar medium containing bold's basal medium (BBM) undergoes a thermoreversible gel transition. As compared to the traditional protocols, this gel is used to cultivate microalgae without even affecting the total productivity. To develop the gel for microalgae cultivation, agar was boiled in BBM. Then the agar was cooled to 35°C and microalgae culture was added to it. After seeding the microalgae the temperature of the agar was further decreased by 10°C to induce gelation. Instead of isolated cells microalgae were grown in clusters within the agar gel. Microalgal clusters gravimetrically settle at the bottom within 2h. In this method agar can be reused.
- Published
- 2017
42. Evaluation, comparison of different solvent extraction, cell disruption methods and hydrothermal liquefaction of Oedogonium macroalgae for biofuel production
- Author
-
Manisha Nanda, Nishesh Sharma, Bharti Ramola, Yashi Mishra, Tushar Tyagi, Ayushi Gupta, and Vinod Kumar
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Oedogonium ,lcsh:Biotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Macroalgae ,lcsh:TP248.13-248.65 ,010608 biotechnology ,ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Biodiesel ,Chloroform ,Chromatography ,biology ,Extraction (chemistry) ,Cell disruption ,Lipid ,biology.organism_classification ,Solvent ,Hexane ,Hydrothermal liquefaction ,HTL ,chemistry ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,Methanol ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Graphical abstract, Highlights • Lipids yield increased by osmotic shock cell disruption method. • High percentage of hexadecanoic acid (52–68%) was obtained by soxhlet extraction. • Impurities of chlorophyll and protein were also detected in the extracted lipids. • Only one type of FAME, hexadecanoic acid methyl ester was obtained by Triton X-100. • 23.3 wt% of crude oil was produced by HTL of algal biomass with TiO2 at 300 °C., Cell disruption and lipid extraction methods for macroalgae are not well reported. Therefore, we compared various lipid extraction methods and extraction efficiency of various solvents to improve lipid yields from Oedogonium fresh water macroalgae. Lipid extraction was done by 2 methods viz., modified Bligh and Dyer method and soxhlet extraction using either single solvents or mixtures. In soxhlet extraction method five solvents were used (1) Hexane commonly used solvent for lipid extractions, (2) chloroform: methanol (2:1), (3) Chloroform: hexane (1:1), (4) Chloroform: hexane (1:2), (5) Dichloromethane + methanol (2:1). To improve lipid extraction yields, various cell disruption methods were also compared during the present study. Impurities of chlorophyll and protein were also detected in the extracted lipids. Hydrothermal liquefaction of algal biomass with TiO2 was also conducted at 300 °C. HTL was more effective by which 23.3 wt% of bio-crude oil was obtained.
- Published
- 2019
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