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Digital platforms are under public scrutiny and face a negotiation process regarding their social responsibility. In this institutional discourse about moral responsibilities, corporate actors aim ...

The negotiation of competing institutional logics is relevant for organisations active in multi-institutional domains. News organisations are active in the domains of democracy and business, and, t...

News decisions of social media editors shape the news supply on social media channels such as Facebook. This study assesses based on qualitative interviews and a quantitative survey of social media editors in two social-media-savvy European countries, Finland and Switzerland, how Facebook’s News Feed algorithm, Facebook users, journalistic standards, and the news brand determine social media news making. Results show that social media editors evaluate the news factors emotions and surprise as more important for Facebook news than for online news. Social media editors accentuate emotional and surprising story elements in a post to comply with user preferences and the logic of the News Feed algorithm. Thus, news values and news editing have become more user engagement driven. Yet traditional journalistic standards and the news brand characteristics set boundaries to a heavy user engagement orientation. Social media editors estimate that their outlet’s news supply on Facebook is higher for entertaining news and lower for foreign politics and economic news stories. But they strive for a ‘good mix’ of news adhering to both the Facebook logic and professional journalistic standards.

Tageszeitungsverlage im deutschsprachigen Raum stehen weiterhin vor großen Herausforderungen die digitale Transformation zu meistern. Dabei müssen die Medienhäuser insbesondere auch den Wandel von einer analogen zu einer digitalen Vertriebsorganisation bewerkstelligen. Die Wahl der Vertriebswege ist eng an die normativen Aufgaben von Journalismus geknüpft, Öffentlichkeit herzustellen, in der gesellschaftliche Diskurse effektiv geführt werden können. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt die analoge sowie die digitale Vertriebsorganisation mit einem Fokus auf verlagseigenen Vertrieb am Beispiel von automatisierten Recommender-Systemen sowie verlagsfremden Vertrieb in Form von neuen Intermediären wie Online-Kiosken, Social Media-Plattformen, Suchmaschinen sowie Service-Intermediären. Damit legt das Kapitel eine Grundlage zum Entwurf einer digitalen Vertriebsmatrix zum Erhalt der gesellschaftlichen Funktion tagesaktueller Verlagsmedien., Daily newspaper publishers in German-speaking countries continue to face significant challenges in mastering the digital transformation. In particular, the media houses must also manage the change from an analogue to a digital distribution organisation. The choice of distribution channels is closely linked to the normative tasks of journalism to create a public sphere in which social discourse can be effectively conducted. This article describes the analogue and the digital distribution organisation with a focus on in-house managed distribution using the example of automated recommender systems as well as external distribution by new intermediaries such as online kiosks, social media platforms, search engines, and service intermediaries. The chapter thus lays a foundation for designing a digital distribution matrix to maintain the social function of daily publishing media., Internet-Intermediäre und virtuelle Plattformen medienökonomisch betrachtet

Digitization represents an incrementally competence-destroying technology change for legacy news companies. This study analyses strategic and operational renewal of six incumbent news publishers in...

Dieser Beitrag verknüpft Theorien und Konzepte der Organisationsforschung und wendet sie zur Erklärung des Entstehens des redaktionellen Angebots von Nachrichtenorganisationen im digitalen Kontext an. Der Beitrag konzipiert Nachrichtenorganisationen als hybride Organisationen, die sich widersprüchlichen institutionellen Logiken verschrieben haben. Dabei lösen manche Entscheidungen - wie das Posten von Nachrichten im Clickbait-Stil - ein Dilemma zwischen publizistischen Normen und ökonomischen Zielen aus, das zunächst innerhalb der Organisation ausgehandelt werden muss. Werden kommerzielle Logiken vor dem Hintergrund von Kurationsalgorithmen sozialer Plattformen priorisiert, nutzen auch traditionelle Nachrichtenmedien Clickbait-Überschriften und weichen damit von professionellen Normen ab. Spieltheoretische Ansätze beschreiben, mittels welcher Spielstrategien Nachrichtenmedien abweichende Inhalte auf digitalen Plattformen anbieten., This article links theories and concepts of organizational research and applies them to explain the emergence of editorial supply of news organizations in the digital context. The article conceives news organizations as hybrid organizations that are committed to contradictory institutional logics. Some decisions - such as the posting of clickbait-style news - trigger a dilemma between journalistic norms and economic goals that must first be negotiated within the organization. If commercial logics are prioritized against the background of curation algorithms of social platforms, traditional news media also use clickbait headlines and thus deviate from professional norms. Game theoretical approaches describe the game strategies by which news media supply deviating content on digital platforms., Neujustierung der Journalistik/Journalismusforschung in der digitalen Gesellschaft: Proceedings zur Jahrestagung der Fachgruppe Journalistik/Journalismusforschung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Publizistik- und Kommunikationswissenschaft 2019, Eichstätt

This book explores the relations between objective media related and social attitudinal as well as behavioral realities of private expert and corporate agents in the traditions of mass communication and journalism studies as well as behavioral economics. Economic news not only reports on the economy but may also influence its development since the public as well as corporate sentiment and behavior are the link between economic news and the real world economy. Citizens and corporate agents who make well informed economic decisions are critical for an economy and for society. Economic sentiments of private and corporate decision makers influence entrepreneurial behavior such as making investments. Advertising expenditures are part of the marketing investments of a company and are essential for the funding of media systems. The research goal is to answer the primary research question whether economic news affects the real world economic situation through shaping economic sentiment and behavior of private and corporate agents. Hence this study relates three core objects of investigation within mass communication research and behavioral economics. a) Economic news: News topics tone consonance and volume of general news outlets with the highest reach in Germany; b) Economic sentiment: Evaluations and expectations for the economic situation of the general public and economic experts/corporate agents; c) Economic behavior: Private purchase intention of the public industry sales and advertising expenditures; Indicators of the aggregate economic situation.

"Facebook ist zur wichtigsten Quelle für Webseiten-Traffic von Online-Nachrichten-Angeboten geworden. Um den Facebook-Traffic-Anteil zu maximieren, müssen Nachrichten möglichst weit innerhalb von Facebook verbreitet werden - und die Nachrichtenanbieter den Spielregeln des News Feed-Algorithmus folgen. Diese Studie untersucht, inwieweit sich durch Facebooks algorithmusgesteuerte, interaktionsbelohnende Nachrichtendistribution die redaktionelle Themenselektion verändert. Dazu werden die Themen von Facebook-Posts und Printausgaben von drei deutschen Regionalzeitungen für 2015 und 2016 inhaltsanalytisch verglichen. Ergänzend werden Experteninterviews mit Social-Media-Redakteuren zweier Regionalzeitungen geführt. Ergebnisse zeigen eine Interaktions- und Algorithmusorientierung bei der Themenselektion der Social-Media-Redakteure. Die Redakteure folgen den Spielregeln des News Feed-Algorithmus jedoch nicht bedingungs- und strategielos. Um die Interaktion und Reichweite zu maximieren - aber auch um Hardnews zu platzieren - werden verstärkt Human-Interest-Themen gepostet. Diese Softnews sorgen für Reichweite und Interaktionen, Hardnews für die Informiertheit der User. Somit verzichten Redaktionen der Regionalzeitungen nicht auf relevante Themen auf Facebook, aber nutzen einen höheren Anteil an Softnews, um ihre Facebook-Reichweite nicht zu gefährden." (Autorenreferat)

This study argues that revenue model incentives determine news content. The goal to make profits and the need to sell audiences to advertisers guides journalistic selection and interpretation and results in commercialized news. We compare the volume tone and the obtrusiveness of topics of economic news stories for the German public broadcasters ARD and ZDF the commercial broadcaster RTL and the tabloid newspaper BILD from 2002 10 (n = 26'467). Results indicate that news selection processes are guided by revenue model incentives since volume and topic of economic news differ across revenue models. News interpretation also depends on the media type.

Economic news may not only report about the economy but also impact the development of an economy by affecting economic expectations. This study explores the impact of economic news on the economic expectations of experts. A content analysis of economic news tone and volume of two German and one Swiss public service news shows is combined with survey data on macroeconomic expectations of experts on the topics of general economy capital expenditures and private consumption. Results confirm that past news tone explains economic expectations on private consumption up to 70 per cent. This effect varies among news shows and the overall economic situation. The authors hold media dependency and an asymmetric third person effect responsible for these variations.

This cumulative dissertation relates three core objects of investigation within mass communication research by means of the economy. a) Economic news: News topics tone consonance and volume; b) Economic sentiment: Evaluations and expectations for the economic situation of the general public and economic experts; c) Economic behavior: Purchase intention sales and corporate advertising expenditures. Economic news not only reports on the economy but can also influence its development since the public as well as corporate sentiment and behavior are the link between economic news and the real-world economy. Citizens who make well-informed economic decisions are critical for an economy. Economic sentiments of private and corporate decision makers influence entrepreneurial behavior such as investment behavior. Advertising expenditures are part of the marketing investments of a company and in turn are essential for the funding of media systems.

Snowden’s initial revelations aimed at establishing a public debate on online surveillance informed through the media. Media should serve the public’s need for information and offer various viewpoints and sources to enhance public debates. This study assesses how online surveillance is justified or countered in British broadcast news since the 2013 Snowden revelations for five selected major events in news coverage ending with the Charlie Hebdo aftermath in Paris in early 2015. The critical discourse analysis shows that UK broadcasts cover justification and delegitimation arguments of online surveillance. Online surveillance legitimation combines rationalisation (terror prevention) and moral evaluation (public security) arguments, which are often expressed by governmental actors. The broadcast discourse tends to give governmental, pro-surveillance actors a voice by default. The detailedness of terror threat descriptions increases over time. In 2013, ‘terrorist attacks’ are rather factually mention...

This study investigates whether sharing of or commenting on online news enhances loyalty toward online news outlets. We identify two mediators of audience integration and loyalty: satisfaction and trust, which are measured by attitudinal attributions toward a news outlet. Loyalty is measured by frequently and exclusively using an online news outlet and an absent willingness to change to another online news outlet in the future. The relations between audience integration, satisfaction, trust, and loyalty are estimated with a mediation model. Results from an online survey with N = 1825 Swiss online news users reveal small but significant effects of sharing and commenting quantities on loyalty. Sharing tends to increase satisfaction, which in turn enhances loyalty. In contrast, commenting deteriorates satisfaction and trust, but directly improves loyalty. Overall, sharing and commenting slightly increase loyalty. In conclusion, sharing has a small, positive attitudinal relationship-building capacity for onli...

This study explores the influence of multi-platform structural newsroom features and individual innovative values on journalistic cross-channel and cross-sectional working procedures. According to results of an online survey of print and online business journalists associated with multi-platform news outlets in the German-speaking area of Switzerland: (1) multi-platform reporting is strongly connected to innovative values of journalists, and (2) enhances output- and process-related cross-channel – (3) but not cross-sectional – working procedures. A multi-platform strategy is effective in overcoming procedural inertia, which is essential to maximising innovative capacities of a news organisation.

This study argues that revenue model incentives determine news content. The goal to make profits and the need to sell audiences to advertisers guide journalists’ selection and interpretation of newsworthy material and result in commercialised news. We compare the volume, tone, and the obtrusiveness of topics in all economic news stories for the evening TV news of the public broadcasters ARD and ZDF, the commercial broadcaster RTL, and the tabloid newspaper BILD from 2002 to 2010 in Germany ( n = 26,467). Results indicate that news selection is guided by revenue model incentives since economic news differs by volume and topic between public and commercial outlets. News interpretation, i.e., news tone, stronger varies across the media types TV and print. We conclude that advertising income dependency and observation of competitor behaviour transmits to operative journalistic practices and decisions, which in turn determine journalistic outcome.

Apparative Messungen sind fur die Werbewirkungsforschung in hohem Mase attraktiv, denn sie erlauben die Uberwindung der Schwierigkeiten selfreport-basierter Erhebungsverfahren. Apparative Verfahren umfassen Messungen der Aktivitat des zentralen, des somatischen und des autonomen Nervensystems. Diese Messungen sind geeignet, sowohl bewusst gesteuerte als auch unbewusste Prozesse zu erfassen. Des Weiteren erlauben apparative Methoden eine zeitsensitive Erfassung dieser Prozesse, also die Indizierung von Wirkungsprozessen im Zeitverlauf. Allerdings sind apparative Verfahren auch mit Nachteilen behaftet. So setzt deren Einsatz mitunter ein erheblich groseres Fachwissen voraus, um die Daten erheben, auswerten und interpretieren zu konnen. Auserdem sind sie in vielen Fallen mit deutlich hoherem (forschungs-) okonomischem Aufwand verbunden. Hinzu kommt eine gewisse Ambiguitat des Indikatorpotentials der erhobenen Mase, die einen explorativen Einsatz apparativer Verfahren kaum legitimiert. Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt einen Uberblick uber verschiedene in der Werbewirkungsforschung eingesetze apparative Messverfahren, zeigt deren Indikatorpotential auf und diskutiert deren Anwendung in der Werbewirkungsforschung. Das Kapitel schliest mit Reliabilitats-, Validitats- und Anwendbarkeitsuberlegungen.

News value theory aims to predict a story’s chance of being selected for publication based on news factors and ascribed news values. News values can also predict the coverage of corporate press releases. For news decisions, a newspaper’s revenue model may force editors to consider whether the source of a press release is an advertising client, despite the ‘separation of church and state’. In addition, for business journalism, corporate press releases have become an increasingly important news source. This study combines news values and advertiser weight to predict news coverage of press releases of banks in the news of partly and fully advertising-funded newspapers in Switzerland. Results show that advertiser importance can explain press release coverage concerning article length and tone in few cases, but has no universal news value. Public relations material is also not used as editorial subsidy for news. Larger companies are more successful in terms of press release uptake. However, their articles consist of a greater share of non-public relations material. Thus, our findings confirm editorial independence instead of copy-paste or obsequious journalism.

Werbung ist ein facettenreiches Phanomen in der Forschung sowie in der Praxis, das ebenso vielseitig definiert werden kann. Damit fallt es schwer, Werbung klar von anderen geplanten Kommunikationsprozessen abzugrenzen. Die Entwicklung der Werbung hangt sowohl mit der Entwicklung der industriellen Massenproduktion und des Massenkonsums als auch mit der Entwicklung der Massenmedien zusammen. Das vorliegende Handbuch soll einerseits Werbung konkret genug fassen, um nicht beliebige Beitrage zu Kommunikationsangeboten zu bundeln und andererseits offen genug sein, um alle relevanten Entwicklungen aufgreifen zu konnen. Es diskutiert Werbung im Rahmen der Strukturen und Rahmenbedingungen von Werbekommunikation, der Bedingungen der Produktion und Distribution sowie der Nutzung und Wirkung.