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Resume Un depistage precoce et une prise en charge adaptee des troubles urinaires lies a la sclerose en plaques (SEP) doivent en reduire la morbidite. Une enquete transversale a ete conduite afin d’evaluer la frequence et la severite des troubles vesico-sphincteriens lies a la SEP dans une population non selectionnee et suivie en milieu neurologique aussi bien en ville qu’a l’hopital. Cent vingt-cinq patients SEP dont 44,7 % evoluaient depuis moins de 10 ans (77,6 % de femmes, âge moyen 44,4 ± 13,0 ans) ont repondu a un auto-questionnaire. Quatre-vingt-neuf patients (79,2 %) presentaient des troubles urinaires dont 42 (33,6 %) des troubles urinaires severes. Parmi les 99 patients presentant des troubles urinaires, 10,1 %, 24,2 % et 65,7 % se plaignaient respectivement de dysurie isolee, d’urgenturies/fuites isolees ou des 2 symptomes. 26,8 % des patients avec troubles urinaires ont eu des infections urinaires ayant necessite la prise d’antibiotiques (contre 4 % chez ceux sans trouble urinaire), avec un nombre moyen de 2,7 ± 2,7 infections urinaires au cours des 12 derniers mois. Seuls un quart (23,8 %) des patients ayant un trouble urinaire severe declaraient etre suivis par un specialiste, urologue ou medecin de medecine physique et de readaptation (MPR). Une majorite des patients (73,7 %) aurait aime connaitre le lien possible entre leurs troubles urinaires et leur pathologie (SEP). De nombreux patients (20,6 %) ont exprime le souhait d’avoir de l’aide pour gerer leurs problemes urinaires, notamment en cas de troubles severes (35,7 % des cas). Cette etude a permis de confirmer que les troubles urinaires sont frequents chez les patients SEP, sous-estimes et pas totalement pris en charge. Ces patients sont en demande d’information sur les symptomes et en recherche d’aide sur la prise en charge. En reponse, il nous a semble important d’informer les patients sur la frequence de la relation entre SEP et troubles urinaires, d’evaluer ces derniers regulierement avec un questionnaire specifique et de mettre en place une prise en charge adaptee selon un algorithme decisionnel bien defini en integrant le suivi par un specialiste en neuro-urologie.

Introduction En 2017, l’unite neurovasculaire (UNV) de Strasbourg a construit un programme d’education therapeutique du patient (ETP) pour les patients ayant presente un accident vasculaire cerebral (AVC) ; le programme PETAL. Objectifs PETAL veut apporter des elements de reponse aux principales interrogations des patients et de leur entourage concernant l’AVC et ses consequences afin d’ameliorer leur qualite de vie. Methodes Avec le soutien de l’Agence regionale de sante (ARS) et grâce a la volonte des differents professionnels de sante de l’UNV, le programme a ete elabore en collaboration avec l’unite transversale pour l’education therapeutique (UTEP). Des groupes de travail ont ete crees, accompagnes par un comite de pilotage compose de deux medecins, un cadre et une neuropsychologue afin de construire chaque atelier avec les professionnels de sante concernes. Resultats Le programme est en cours d’autorisation par l’ARS. Sa mise en œuvre est planifiee a partir de janvier 2018. Il se compose de 10 ateliers, en individuel ou collectif. L’equipe et composee de 21 professionnels de sante : 2 secretaires, 1 aide-soignante, 5 infirmieres, un cadre de sante, deux medecins, une orthophoniste, une dieteticienne, deux kinesitherapeutes, un ergotherapeute, deux neuropsychologues, une assistante sociale, une patiente, un moniteur en activite physique adaptee. Au total, 400 patients sont attendus en 2018. Discussion Il s’agit du premier programme d’ETP destine aux enfants et aux adultes victimes d’AVC, traitant des differentes problematiques abordees par les patients apres un AVC et prenant en compte ses consequences. A la demande de l’ARS, ce programme pilote devrait etre diffuse a l’ensemble des patients victimes d’AVC dans le Grand Est. Aucun financement n’a ete dedie. Conclusion Le programme d’ETP de l’UNV de Strasbourg est pionnier. Il espere optimiser la prise en charge des patients victimes d’AVC et diminuer le risque de recidive par une meilleure connaissance de la maladie et de ses consequences.

Magnetic materials with very different saturation magnetostriction (lambda(s)) were selected: Co59Fe16Zr6CU1Nb2B16 amorphous alloy with low lambda(s) value (congruent to 10(-7)), Fe62.5Co6Ni7.5Zr7.5Cu1Nb2B15 amorphous alloy with lambda(s) congruent to 10(-5) and Tb0.27Dy0.73Fe2.0 (Terfenol) alloy with giant magnetostriction (lambda(s) congruent to 10(-3)). Magnetization intensity curves were obtained by means of a vibrating sample magnetometer from room temperature to 10 K. At low magnetizing field a reentrant magnetization behaviour was evidenced in all the investigated materials. This effect is proportional to magnetostriction value, going from a large effect in Terfenol to a small one in low magnetostriction materials. Saturation field, coercive field and hysteresis area behaviours as a function of temperature are in agreement with both the measured magnetization reentrance and stress-induced effects.

The effects of heat treatments in vacuum on magnetic permeability, Young's modulus and magnetoelastic wave amplitude were investigated in the amorphous ferromagnetic alloys Fe73.5Cu1Ta3Si15.5B7 and Fe73.5Cu1W3Si15.5B7 where tantalum or tungsten replaces niobium, which mas generally used with the same atomic fractions of the other elements. The stress sensitivity coefficient was also theoretically deduced in its development vs. the applied magnetic bias field. Structural relaxation and crystallization consequences are evidenced. Moreover an already predicted relation between the maximum of magnetoelastic wave amplitude and the minimum of stress sensitivity coefficient was confirmed.

The role of magnetoelastic energy to determine the causes which affect the magnetic anisotropy are reviewed. The simple model used to describe magnetostriction in the new nanostructured materials is reported. Starting from this model the magnetostriction in multilayer samples, of the kind magnetic material/non-magnetic material, is discussed. In particular the fundamental influence of the interlayers is shown. Finally it is demonstrated that by measurement of saturation magnetostriction it is possible to have information on the interlayers thickness and average composition.

The magnetic susceptibility during hysteresis cycles was measured in both amorphous and crystalline metallic ribbons. The analysis of the dependence on magnetizing field evidences a different behaviour due to the structural differences. The fundamental importance of the amplitude of the magnetizing field used for dynamic evaluation of initial susceptibility is demonstrated and related to the measured effects as well. Moreover, both temperature and frequency effects on the initial susceptibility confirm some peculiar properties related to the amorphous character.

Multilayered amorphous ribbons were produced by electrolytical deposition. They have exceptional magnetoelastic properties which enhance the amplitude of longitudinal magnetoacoustic waves travelling in the samples, also in comparison with similar-size ribbons of conventional metallic glass obtained by rapid quenching from the melt.

ypical Fe–Si sheets were cut using various techniques, reducing the material to ribbons having their grains oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis. The magnetic and magnetoelastic properties in this direction reveal differences in the effects produced by conventional mechanical cutting in comparison with laser cutting. In particular, the latter technique results in both the highest saturation magnetisation level and the lowest values of coercive field, hysteresis loss, and saturation magnetostriction. It can be inferred from the results that laser cutting is effective in decreasing both induced stresses and defects on the cut edges.MST/1446

The high-frequency initial magnetic permeability and its relaxation have been studied in Fe62.5Co6Ni7.5Zr6Cu1Nb2B15 after heat treatment (both in furnace or via DC Joule heating). The magnetic permeability steadily increases in correspondence of both structural relaxation and nanocrystallisation of the alloy. The intensity of the permeability relaxation (measured between fixed times after demagnetisation) is reduced by structural relaxation but exhibits a sharp maximum immediately before the onset of nanocrystallisation. The nanocrystalline alloy is characterised by a nonzero, if reduced, permeability relaxation.

A previos thermal model for the heat treatment of a little metal ribbon, moving under a broad laser beam with Gaussian intensity distribution, is elaborated in order to apply it also in the opposite experimental condition, namely for sample width higher than the laser spot. The temperature value vs. the distance from the symmetry axis of the treated zone is determined as a function of both the sample displacement rate and the laser power. When structural and magnetic-property modulation is produced in the transverse direction of a glassy metal ribbon, the experimental results, concerning both reduced magnetization as a function of the temperature and structure changes, are in agreement with the thermal-model predictions.

Introduction Le reseau LORSEP (reseau lorrain de prise en charge de la sclerose en plaques) etend sa prise en charge aux patients atteints de sclerose laterale amyotrophique (SLA). Objectifs Fort de son experience de 10 ans (2004–2014) dans la sclerose en plaques, pathologie chronique invalidante, les membres du reseau ont progressivement ete a amenes a proposer leurs competences aux patients atteints de SLA. Methodes Ce travail decrit la prise en charge qu’effectue le LORSEP, reseau de sante ville-hopital, destinee aux patients atteints de SLA et a leur famille. Le centre SLA labellise du CHU de Nancy a ete amene a solliciter le reseau LORSEP, en particulier, la psychologue et l’assistante sociale, ainsi que, plus ponctuellement la neuropsychologue pour une prise en charge specifique et adaptee des patients SLA. Son originalite tient a la continuite de la prise en charge en dehors des visites trimestrielles programmees a l’hopital. Resultats Les resultats quantitatif et qualitatifs de l’activite des membres du reseau LORSEP intervenant dans la prise en charge de la SLA sont presentes dans ce travail. La SLA semble un modele de maladie necessitant une prise en charge associant une filiere de soins coordonnee par les centres de reference/competence mais aussi les reseaux ville-hopital. Discussion La file active du centre SLA est de 125 patients. Le nombre d’interventions de l’equipe du reseau est bien superieur et temoigne de la pertinence et de la necessite de la prise en charge pluridisciplinaire relayee par des partenaires exterieurs a l’hopital, comme les reseaux de sante ville-hopital. Conclusion L’organisation de la filiere de soins des patients atteints de SLA est presentee en insistant sur la complementarite entre le centre SLA labellise du CHU de Nancy et le reseau de sante LORSEP.

Introduction Le registre Lorrain de la sclerose en plaques (SEP) recueille des donnees cliniques et paracliniques des patients lorrains et permet de connaitre la prise en charge therapeutique des patients lorrains. Objectifs Donner une photographie des habitudes des neurologue lorrains en matiere de traitement de fond selon la forme de la maladie : CIS (syndrome cliniquement isole), forme remittente (RR), primaire et secondairement progressive. Methodes Le registre Lorrain de la sclerose en plaque a ete interroge sur la repartition des traitements de fond de la SEP en fonction de la forme de la maladie. Les donnees sont extraites au 1er janvier 2015. Il s’agit d’une analyse transversale. Resultats Cinq mille trois cent trente-trois dossiers sont examines : sur les 2214 patients en forme RR, 48 % sont sous immunomodulateur et 19 % sous immunosuppresseur. Pour les 1356 patients en forme secondairement progressive (SP), 11 % est sous immunomodulateur, 21 % sous immunosuppresseur et 60 % ne recoit pas de traitement de fond. Alors que 70 % des 589 patients en forme progressive primaire (PP) n’ont pas de traitement de fond et 17 % est sous immunosuppresseur. Cinquante-quatre pour cent des 484 patients CIS n’ont pas de traitement. Trente-huit pour cent est sous immunomodulateur. Discussion L’analyse de la prescription des traitements de fond reflete l’offre therapeutique dans le respect des AMM bien que quelques nuances puissent etre apportees. La proportion de patients traites au stade de CIS depend du diagnostic de SEP pose ou non selon les criteres de Mc Donald. Pour les autres formes evolutives, le traitement de fond est souvent prescrit en respectant la logique des nouveaux criteres de Lublin et Reingold (Neurology, 2014). Conclusion L’analyse de la prescription des traitements de fond en lorraine reflete le plus souvent l’offre therapeutique dans le respect des AMM avec des surprises concernant les patients RR non-traites et les patients SP et PP traites. Informations complementaires Trente-cinq pour cent des patients RR se sont pas traites de 30 % et des patients SP et PP le sont.

Elasticity moduli at constant magnetic field and at constant induction as the functions of magnetic bias field of the strips of Fe/sub 20/B/sub 12/Si/sub 8/ metallic glass annealed in vacuum at temperatures of 370 and 380/spl deg/C were investigated. The values of moduli in as-quenched state were changing from 133 to 155 GPa. After annealing at 370/spl deg/C the moduli changes were from 80 to 170 GPa and after heat treatment at 380/spl deg/C /spl Delta/E effect increased and these changes were from 60 to 170 GPa. >

Interaction between acoustic field and electromagnetic field, in a magnetostrictive ferromagnetic material produces both transversal quasiacoustic waves (QACW) and quasielectromagnetic waves (QEMW) named hybrid waves. Properties of hybrid waves have been studied and their dependence on conductivity has been emphasized in the piezomagnetic case. To this end, the system of Maxwell’s equations, Newton’s law of force, and piezomagnetic state equations were solved for an infinite continuous medium. It is shown that for a particular conductivity value σc, the hybrid modes coincides in a mixed propagation mode we called MHWM. The dispersion relation, in the case of separate hybrid waves, as well as in the mixed mode MHWM, is discussed. The MHWM has a velocity Vc, which is independent of wave number k. Moreover we point out that (a) for very high σ, the QEMW velocity reaches a k‐independent value while the QACW velocity falls to zero, (b) the behavior of σc(k), at constant Vc, is linear, (c) for σ≠σc, at constant...

We have produced ribbons of Co1-xPx (x almost-equal-to 0.09) with the coexistence of microcrystalline and amorphous structure. These kind of materials have different magnetic and magnetostrictive behaviour in comparison with that already known of crystalline or amorphous specimens (x almost-equal-to 0.05 and 0.12, respectively). In particular we demonstrate the obtaining of good magnetoelastic response and, at the same time, the results validate the structure sensitivity of resonant magneto-acoustic waves. The complete behaviour of wave amplitude as a function of the applied magnetization field is compared for each sample and explained.

Mossbauer spectra, susceptibility and magnetization measurements were performed on Fe 40 Ni 40 P 14 B 6 amorphous ribbons. The results indicate the existence of correlated ferromagnetic regions of different sizes. With decreasing temperature a collective freezing of the resulting moments occurs with cluster-glass-like characteristics.

The behaviour of low field magnetization versus temperature is strictly dependent on phosphorus atomic fraction in Co 1− x P x alloys, namely on the structure of the material. In particular the presence of a transition to reentrant magnetization at low temperature is validate and its relation with the degree of disorder demonstrated.

We studied some kinetic, fluid-dynamic and electrical problems arising in the numerical modelling of a c.w.TE high power CO2 laser operating with N2, He and CO additives. We adapted a five-temperature pulsed laser model to the c.w. case by coupling a set of fluid-dynamic equations to the kinetic set. We added the rate equation for the secondary electron density. We calculated in some detail the ionization term and fitted experimental results to determine attachment and recombination coefficients in the discharge chamber. In order to solve our equations a numerical code has been developed. By this means we investigated the effects of temperature, density and velocity variations in the flowing mixture on the small signal gain of the device. We obtained profiles in the laser chamber of the sustainer current, small signal gain and fluid-dynamic parameters. A simple (Fabry-Perot) optical cavity model has been used to calculate output power and electrical efficiency of the device. A comparison of numerical code predictions and experimental results is presented.

A contribution to the investigation of the stress effect on the saturation magnetostriction of polyerystalline rods stressed by torsion is presented. The critical torsional stress above which magnetostriction remains constant is found and the crystal anisotropy level, at various torsions, is estimated. As in the tensional case, the effect of crystal anisotropy at the critical stress has not been clearly interpreted so far. A study of the behaviour of the magnetization curve near saturation provides a possible explanation.

Magnetoelastic wave amplitude, a, was measured vs. the temperature during thermal cycles in Metglas 2826. When the Curie temperature, T C, has been reached, the A value vanishes due to the fall of the magnetoelastic coupling in the paramagnetic state. This allows evaluation of the T c temperature. The latter increases after the iterated thermal treatments while the magnetic anisotropy K u decreases. Also the A amplitude, measured at room temperature after the subsequent thermal treatments, shows an increasing behaviour. The values of K u, T c and A approach saturation after the same number of thermal cycles; this suggests that the structural relaxation produced by annealing is the microscopic mechanism governing all the three physical quantities. In particular we explain the connection between K u and A by means of the longitudinal magnetostriction.

The thermal model describing the c.w.-annealing of ribbon-shaped materials irradiated by a moving laser beam has been revised and imrpoved. New experimental results on the initial permeability of annealed metallic glasses are presented. © 1983 Società Italiana di Fisica.

Measurements of the initial permeability as a function of tensile stress were performed in cw-laser annealed metglas 2826 (50 μm ribbon). The results indicate the possibility of decreasing the magnetization at a very low field by means of an appropriate applied tension. The dependence of the magnetostriction curves and the magnetoelastic wave amplitude on the tensile stress supplies experimental evidence of the above mentioned prediction. On the basis of current understanding of the inhomogeneous mode of deformation, an explanation of the observed effects is proposed Mesure de la permeabilite magnetique initiale des rubans de 50 μm d'epaisseur recuits par laser continu en fonction de la traction. L'aimantation peut etre reduite. Courbes de magnetostriction et amplitude de l'onde magnetoelastique. Explication par un mode inhomogene de deformation

C.w. laser annealing of metglas 2826 ribbons was performed by varying beam power and irradiation time. A simplified thermal model was elaborated to have information about the temperature rise of the samples and the occurrence of crystallization. The predictions were in agreement with the experimental results. The laser-induced changes of magnetic and mechanical properties were particularly tested by means of the magnetostrictive response and the Young-modulus variations.

Laser annealing of amorphous alloy ribbons was performed by irradiating either their smooth or rough side. Experimental results such as hyperfine field distributions, average orientation of the magnetic moment, X-ray diffractography, initial permeability, magnetic anistropy, and low field magnetization, show the influence of the surface characteristics on the effects induced by the laser treatment. In particular, the effects of an applied tensile stress are compared to eachother and with previously obtained results. Many results are explained by means of the crystallization occurrence (at surface and also bulk) and taking into account its dependence on the irradiated surface properties and interaction time.

The magnetization changes, ΔM, induced by an external tensile stress, σ, in metallic-glass ribbons are theoretically calculated starting from the simplified model generally used for describing the magnetoelastic coupling in amorphous metals. Taking into account the discrepancies between the ideal behaviour and the real one as revealed in commercial amorphous ribbons, we show that the experimental results, concerning ΔM as a function of σ, can be well predicted by the theoretical evaluations. On the other hand, it results that a suitable ferromagnetic ribbon can be a magnetoelastic sensor able to measure variations of ≃1 MPa up to the 100 MPa stress.

The anisotropy induced by magnetic annealing in a transversal field is correlated with the Young modulus, the longitudinal magnetostriction and the magnetoelastic coupling coefficient. Subsequently it is shown that the value of the anisotropy deriving from directional short-range ordering,kDSRO, can be calculated in an original manner by means of the mentioned parameters. ThiskDSRO evaluation is in increasing agreement with its directly measured value, when the magnetic-annealing effects approach saturation. The magnetic heat treatment influences can be described by a small rise of the internal stress, in comparison with conventional annealing, and a large increase of longitudinal magnetostriction.

This study deals with the production and the characterization of Ni-P electrodeposits obtained by different electrolytic solutions. Structural, fractographic, mechanical and magnetic property tests are evaluated. Depending on the electrolytic solution used, several types of structures may be obtained by varying the current density.

A new metallic glass alloy characterized by high amplitude of magnetoelastic waves was synthesized. X-ray spectra evidenced the amorphous structure in the as-cast material, while differential thermal analysis confirmed the metastable initial phase and the occurrence of several crystallization peaks. The alloy shows a high difference between the glass transition and crystallization temperatures. Several heat treatments were performed and the structural relaxation effects were shown by means of the behavior of magnetization, Curie temperature and the resonant magneto-elastic wave amplitude. The strong increase of the last parameter, induced by the occurrence of the amorphous structure, is the most important result for application. Magnetic and magneto-elastic properties deteriorate if crystallization occurs, but in the optimal condition a partial nanocrystallisation may be present.

The stability under dynamic mechanical solicitation and with the temperature of the elastomagnetic composite made of Sm2Co7 particles embedded in a silicone matrix is investigated. The thermal stability was examined by DSC measurements. The thermal (up to congruent to 340 degrees C) and mechanical ageing effects on the material elastomagnetic response were investigated by measuring the amplitude, V-0, of the electromotive force induced in a pick-up coil during the dynamic mechanical solicitation of the sample. It was found that for the whole investigation range of temperatures, the V, dependence on the frequency, v, and amplitude, D, of the externally induced deformation is linear and its amplitude is not changing for treatments up to 150 degrees C; for higher temperature treatments the response amplitude is decreasing. The analysis of the response signal (registered at 1 h intervals) after dynamic mechanical solicitation carried out during 48 h, shows the excellent output reliability and no decrease in amplitude with time.

In this paper we investigate the influence of magnetization changes on the amplitude of resonant magnetoelastic waves in amorphous ribbons of metallic glass. The magnetization changes were produced by external, polarizing magnetic fields both parallel and transverse to the longitudinal acoustic waves along the sample. According to the different experimental conditions, both enhancement and reduction of the magnetoelastic wave amplitude were observed. These effects are explained on the basis of theoretical and experimental results, and their possible applications are discussed.