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Background: Blended learning offers opportunities for the complexity of learning in clinical education. Student peer assessment is widely used as a form of formative assessment in early clinical exposure programs, especially clinical communication skills training. This study aimed to describe clinical communication skills competencies of second-year students and to identify the relationships between peer and faculty assessment of communication skills in a blended learning program format. Methods: A total of 474 second-year general medical students and dental students participated in the study. Peer and lecturer assessment forms with a 5-point Likert scale according to the Calgary-Cambridge guide format were used to evaluate students’ performance of basic communication skills, relationship building, and history taking. Pearson’s correlation coefficients and paired t-test were applied. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Most of students were rated at distinction level (score at 7-8.4) in communication skills. Mean of the overall score by peer and faculty assessment were 7.46 ± 1.03 and 7.17 ± 0.68, respectively. Peers rarely provided negative ratings on subcategories of communication skills. Skills of understanding the patient’s perspectives and gathering information were the most reported skills needed to improve among students. Significant positive correlations were found between peer and faculty evaluations for building relationship, establishing initial rapport, and gathering information domains (p < 0.01). Students tended to grade their colleagues higher for building relationship (3.88 ± 0.62) and establishing initial rapport domains (3.72 ± 0.61) than other domains, meanwhile, teachers tended to grade building relationship (3.80 ± 0.55) and gathering information domains (3.64 ± 0.38) higher than other domains. Conclusion: The findings suggest that student peer evaluation can be valuable for clinical education. As part of a formative assessment, it can be also used for faculty to evaluate students’ clinical communication skills performance in innovative medical education programs. Key words: peer assessment, clinical communication skills, practice of medicine, early clinical practice, blended learning.

An efficient and practical method for the synthesis of pyrroles by Cu-catalyzed multicomponent reaction has been described. A range of highly functionalized pyrroles was prepared in good yields under solvent free condition.

Self-directed learning capacity is defined as one of the core common competencies of students in the Vietnam General Education Curricculum 2018 (VGEC). Programming is one of the skills that require constant self-directed learning and practice effort from learners. Motivated by the need to enhance self-learning experience, we have developed an automatic grading system that provides a wide range of programming problems with useful reference documents. The system promises not only to enhance learners’ programming skills, but also to minimize teachers’ workload. This paper presents a complete system that supports programming learners under the guidance of information technology experts, and is currently being implemented at Hanoi University of Education. The research results have confirmed the effectiveness and feasibility of integrated teaching, contributing to improving the quality of teaching as well as developing self – directed learning ability.

This paper analyses the effect of brand image, perceived quality, perceived uniqueness on loyalty of customers in the mobile telecom industry. The data for this study were gathered through face-to-face questionnaires that were distributed to target participants, who reported their consumption experience with mobile telecom services. The survey was conducted in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh city with the sampling of 453 respondents. We used the Structured Equation Model to evaluate the suitability of the framework and examine the hypotheses. The results reveal that brand equity impacts directly customer satisfaction and has indirect effect on loyalty via customer satisfaction.

In Vietnam, each primary care community health center (CHC) consists of a multi-professional team with six disciplines, including a physician, assistant physician, nurse, pharmacist, midwife, and Vietnamese traditional physician, who are able to meet the majority of patient’s needs at the primary care level. How they collaborate, especially in chronic disease management (CDM), is still limited described in the literature. This study aims to gain insight into the perceptions and the experiences of primary health care providers (PHCPs) toward interprofessional collaboration (IPC) in CDM in CHCs in (Hue) Vietnam. A qualitative study of descriptive phenomenology was performed using two focus groups and 15 semi-structured interviews with PHCPs from six professions relevant to CDM in CHCs. The data were analyzed using NVivo 12.0 with a thematic analysis method by a multiprofessional research team. From the analysis, the data were classified into three main themes: “lack of collaborative practice,” “knowledge,” and “facilitators and barriers to IPC.” This study provided evidence of the awareness that actual collaboration in daily care is fragmentarily organized and that PHCPs try to finish their tasks within their profession. PHCPs work multiprofessionally and lack shared decision-making in patient-centered care. There is a need to develop an interprofessional education program and training to address these deficiencies in the Vietnamese context to improve interprofessional collaboration in health care.

The implementation of green environment and sustainable development activities in schools has led many schools in many countries to follow green school models, also known as sustainable schools. From understanding the characteristics and concepts of a green school environment, schools with sustainable development, the article explores the views of teachers of special education through a survey of 68 teachers teaching children with disabilities in different provinces: Hanoi, Binh Duong, Ho Chi Minh, Quang Ngai on green environment contents and activities in educational interventions for children with disabilities, consult teachers about activities and contents about green environment for sustainable development, the results of the article also show that teachers appreciate the necessity and benefits of bringing a green environment and sustainable development into intervention and education for children with disabilities to be well being children, relieve stress and joyful learning environment.

Professionalism has become one of the core competencies in medical education which will shape physicians’s behavior in the future to provide high-quality and patient-centered care services. Objectives: To assess the perceptions and attitudes of medical students regarding professionalism in health care. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out with 717 second-year and fifth-year medical students of Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University. Results: Students’ perception on professionalism was not high, at 3.85 out of 5 points. In which, “respect” was the domain having highest score and “communication skills” was the lowest recognition domain (4.15 and 3.54 out of 5, respectively). Preclinical students had higher perception than students having clinical experiences in all aspects of professionalism (p

Cet article examine la maniere dont les gerants repondent aux incitations induites par des objectifs de classement afin de maximiser leurs revenus en fin d’annee. Outre l’ajustement du risque de leur portefeuille, les gerants peuvent reviser leur niveau d’effort. L’existence de plusieurs combinaisons risque-effort possibles fournit un nouveau regard sur les conclusions contrastees obtenues dans la litterature. On montre que des comportements de type « pari pour la resurrection » ne se manifestent qu’en presence d’un cout de l’effort suffisamment eleve. Pour les autres cas, les gagnants et les perdants deploient la meme combinaison risque-effort. Dans beaucoup de cas, un risque eleve est accompagne par un niveau d’effort egalement eleve. Des verifications empiriques realisees sur un echantillon de fonds americains corroborent les principales predictions theoriques.

The paper analyses effort and risk-taking behavior of fund managers in a tournament framework where they can choose not only the risk level but can also adjust their effort to achieve the highest relative performance and win the competition. The results show that when effort is costly, the interim winning fund exerts higher effort and chooses a lower risk than the interim loosing fund as documented in standard literature. However, when effort is less costly, the winning fund imitates and chooses the same risk level as the loosing fund like in Taylor (2003). Empirical verifications conducted on a sample of US domestic growth-oriented mutual funds over the period 1/1999-12/2008 provide evidences supporting our theoretical predictions.

This paper aims to show that Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is an efficient tool to assist investors in multiple criteria decision-making tasks like assessing hedge fund performance. DEA has the merit of offering investors the possibility to consider simultaneously multiple evaluation criteria with direct control over the priority level paid to each criterion. By addressing main methodological issues regarding the use of DEA in evaluating hedge fund local and global performance, this paper attempts to provide investors sufficient guidelines for tailoring their own performance measure which reflect successfully their own preferences. Although these guidelines are formulated in the hedge fund context, they can also be applied to other kinds of investment funds.